2022-2023学年山西省名校联考高二上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）2

2022-2023学年山西省名校联考高二（上）期末英语试卷

题号一二三四五总分

得分

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用

橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第I卷（选择题）

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）

A

PlanningonwatchingaPremierLeaguematch,anFACuporafierceEnglandclash（比赛）?Headto

oneofthesefootballfriendlypubsandbars,whereyoucanscorewonderfulsuiToundingwithacoldbeer

andsomedeliciousfood.

TheBelushi'sSportsBar,LondonBridge

Student-styledbarwithlotsoflargescreens,plusfillingburgersandbarsnacks.TheyYestrictwithIDs,

sobringone.OtherBelushi'scanbefoundaroundLondon（Camden,Shepherd'sBush,Hammersmith,

Greenwich）.

TheBelushi'sSportsBar,161-165,BoroughHighStreet,SEIIHR

PubonthePark,Hackney

Truetoitsname,youcanprettymuchwatchthematchinthepark-thegardensherearefurnishedwithTVs

andheaters.Admirablerangeofbeersforasportsestablishment.

PubonthePark,19MartelloStreet,E83PE

ThreeCompasses,Dalston

Spaciousgastro（美食的）pubwithafewscreens.Youcanenjoyhome-madebeerandaward-winning

burgershere（madewithAngusbeefwe'retold）.

ThreeCompasses,99DalstonLane,E81NH

FamousThreeKings,Hammersmith

Winnerofvarioussportspubawards.Screenseverywhereyoulook.Oneofthegardensshowsfootball

whenit'swarmenough.ThisisaLiverpoolpub,butallcomersarewelcome.

FamousThreeKings,171NorthEndRoad,W149NL

SportsBar&Grill,OldStreet,CanaryWharf

Bookatableforindividualscreens.Abitanti-socialmaybe,butonewaytoguaranteeyou'renotstretching

yourneckfor90minutes.Thefoodisn'tcheap.ThereareotherSportsBar&GrillsacrossLondon

（Marylebone,CanaryWharf,ClaphamJunction,Farringdon,Victoria）,notallwiththeprivateTV

option—whichiswhywerecommendthisone.

SportsBar&Grill,174-180OldStreet

1.WhichbarhasstrictrequirementsonIDs?

A.SportsBar&Grill.B.FamousThreeKings.

C.TheBelushi'sSportsBar.D.ClissoldParkTavern.

2.Whichplaceisyourbestchoiceifyouareaburgerlover?

A.99DalstonLane.B.19MartelloStreet.

C.171NorthEndRoad.D.174-180OldStreet.

3.WhatdotheBelushi'sSportsBarandSportsBar&Grillhaveincommon?

A.Theyofferlargeprivatescreen.

B.TheyhaveotherchainbarsacrossLondon.

C.Theyarewinnersofvarioussportspubawards.

D.TheyhavegardensfurnishedwithTVsandheaters.

B

Anopen-airswimmingpoolinBedfordshire,England,provedverypopularthiswinter.TheWoburnLido

isusuallyopenfromMaytoSeptember,butthisyearitstayedopentoswimmersthroughouttheautumn

andwintermonthstoo.

Untilthelockdown（封锁）forEnglandwasannouncedon4January,outdoorpoolswereallowedto

remainopen."Demandhastakenusbysurprise."saidMurrayHeining,avolunteerattheWoburn

Lido.OverChristmasandNewYear,inordertokeepupwiththedemandfromswimmers,thelido（露

天游泳）hadtoofferextraslotsforpeopletodivein.

Cold-waterswimminghasgrowninpopularityintheUKoverthepastfewyears.Asurveyfoundthat7.5

millionpeopleinEnglandhadswuminoutdoorpools,aswellaslakes,riversandthesea,in2018.Insome

areas,suchastheriverWharfeinYorkshire,thisnewtrendhaspromptedenvironmentalgroupstoensure

thatthewaterisclearedofpollutionandcleanenoughforbathers.

Somepeoplemakeitaregularpractice；othersjustenjoyathrillingdiponChristmasDay,BoxingDay

orNewYear'sDay.EveryyeararoundtheUK,peoplearephotographedjumpingintoicywater,oftenin

fancydress,andtherecentfestiveperiodwasnoexception,despitefreezingtemperatures.

TheOutdoorSwimmingSocietyclassifiestemperaturesbelow6℃as"Baltic'*andfrom6-11℃as

"freezing".Theyadvisepeopletogetinthewatergradually,soasnottoshockthebody.Likewise,they

recommendwarmingupgradually,andnotrushingtheprocessbyleapingintoahotbathwhenyouget

out.Instead,theysuggestlayeringupanddrinkingsomethingwarm.

Itwasn'tjustthewaterthatwascold——manypeopleexperiencedawhiteChristmas；snowfellinseveral

countiesincludingYorkshireandSuffblk.PaulDavies,theUKMetOffice'schiefmeteorologist(a

scientistwhostudiestheweather),saidtheforecastindicates"thelikelihoodofthecoldconditions

experiencedrecentlycontinuingthroughJanuary".

4.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheword"slots"inParagraph2?

A.Volunteers.B.Solutions.C.Opportunities.D.Positions.

5.Whatcanwelearnaboutcold-waterswimmingintheUK?

A.Itisbeneficialtoenvironmentalprotection.

B.Ithaswonpeople'saffectionsinrecentyears.

C.Peopleonlygocold-waterswimminginfestiveperiod.

D.Peoplegocold-waterswimmingtoshowofftheirfancydresses.

6.WhatdoestheOutdoorSwimmingSocietyadvisepeopletodo?

A.Shockthebodygradually.

B.Havesomewarmdrinkswhentheygetout.

C.Takeahotbathimmediately.

D.Avoidswimminginfreezingtemperatures.

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.SwimmersEnjoyChillyDips

B.FreezingWeatherHitsBritain

C.TheWoburnLidoWinsPopularity

D.TheUKRecoversfromtheLockdown

c

Wehumanshaveanoutsizeinfluenceonthisplanet,andourwinged,finned,andfour-leggedneighbors

areintheirtoughtime.Manyanimalshavediedoutinresponsetothepressures,butsomesurvivorsare

adapting.Someanimalsareshowingoffnever-before-seenbehaviors,shiftingtheirdiets,andeven

evolvingdifferentshapes,sizes,andcolors.

Theshiftscan'tbeavoidedandarelikelypermanent：There'snogoingbacktowhenwildlifewasstill

completelywild."There'snoplaceanywhereontheplanetinitsoriginalcondilion.Therearemicro

plasticsatthebottomoftheocean,andAntarcticaismelting.Theworldhaschangedbecausewe'reinit,

“saysTagEngstrom,abiologistatCaliforniaStateUniversity.

AfricanelephantsinMozambique'sGorongosaNationalParkaresomedaringmembersoftheanimal

kingdom,whohavefoundawillandawaytochangerightalongwithit.

Normallyelephantsusetheir6-foot-longtuskstodigwellsinsearchofwater,liftobjects,ripbarkofftrees,

andevenbattlelions.Inotherwords,theivoryappendages（附属品）arenoljustimpressivetolookat

—theyarehighlyusefultools.SoitmightseemstrangethatasignificantnumberofAfricanelephantsin

Mozambique'sGorongosaNationalPark,onceanillegalhuntingwildlifearea,arenowbeingborn

withouttusks.

Accordingtoa2021DNAanalysispublishedinthejournalScience,thattheelephantsarebomwithout

tusksisnocoincidence.Afterdecadesofbeingshotbyivorybrokers,theleadingelephantsinsomeherds

havepasseddownatraitthatpreventsthefemales'prizepossessionsfromgrowingin一andhelpsthem

avoidbeinghunted.Nooneknowsyethowwidespreadthesegenesmightbeinthegreaterpopulationof

Africanelephants,orhowthelossoftusksmightaffectthemammals1survivaloverall.Butthefindingsare

apowerful,ifdepressing,reminderoftheextremesaspeciesmightenduretoescapefromextinction.

8.Howdotheanimalsrespondtohumansinfluence?

A.Manyanimalshaveevolvedfourlegs.

B.Animalscansurvivedespitethetoughtime.

C.Someanimalsaredevelopingdifferentshapes.

D.Animalsliveinharmonywithhumanbeings.

9.Whyaretheshiftslikelypermanent?

A.Wehumanbeingsareevolving.

B.Wildlifearenotgoingbacktothewild.

C.Plasticsappearatthebottomoftheocean.

D.Theplanetisnolongerwhatitwaslikebefore.

10.Whatcanweinferfromthe2021DNAanalysis?

A.Theelephantsevolvethenewtraitbychance.

B.Elephantsinsomeherdsareallbomwithouttusks.

C.Geneswillbewidespreadinthegreaterpopulation.

D.Thenewtraitmayhelpelephantssurvivetheextinction.

11.Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanwemostlikelytofindthetext?

A.Travel.B.Science.C.Puzzles.D.Well-being.

D

Doyouseeabirdrightnow?Canyouhearonesinging?Ifso,youmightbegettingamentalhealth

boost.Arecentstudyfoundthatbeinginthepresenceofbirdsmadepeoplefeelmorepositive.

AndreaMechelli,apsychologistatKing'sCollegeLondonandoneofthepaper'sauthors,admitted

himselfstudyingthenaturalworldbyaccident,"Idon'thaveaparticularagendafocusedonnature

myself.Iwasn'tthinkingweweregoingtodemonstratenaturehasastrongeffect,"saysMechelli.Instead,

hewassearchingforanswerstowhypeoplewholiveincitiesseemtobemorelikelytosufferfrommental

illness,particularlypsychosis（精神病）.

In2015,hecreatedthesmartphoneappUrbanMindtosearchforpatternsinusers'environments.How

crowdedwastheircity?Didtheyfeelsafeintheirneighborhood?Couldtheyseetrees?”Ourfirst

findingwasthatnaturehasaverypowerfuleffect,'*saysMechelli.Heandhiscolleaguesthenwondered

ifsomeaspectsofnatureweremorebeneficialthanothers.

Theirlateststudyincluded1,292participants,mainlyintheUnitedKingdomandEurope,someofwhom

revealedaprofessionalmentalhealthdiagnosissuchasdepression.Fortwoweeks,studyparticipants

usingUrbanMindwereremindedtofilloutaquestionnairethreetimesaday.Theywereaskedquestions

abouttheirsurroundingenvironmentandtheirmentalstate.Thedatawererecordedatthesametime.

Withthedatacollected,Mechelliperformedastatisticalanalysisthatfoundanobviousimprovementin

well-beingwhenbirdswerepresent,evenwhenremovingotherfactorslikethepresenceoftreesor

waterways.Thementalhealthbenefitwastruebothforpeoplewithdiagnoseddepressionandthose

withoutanydiagnosedmentalhealthconditions.

Nature,Mechellinotes,isn*tacureall.Thepresenceoftreesandbirds,forexample,didn'tresultina

bettersenseofwell-beingifparticipantsalsonotedtheirneighborhoodfeltunsafe.

12.Whydoestheauthoraskquestionsinthefirstparagraph?

A.Toofferexamples.B.Tomakecomparisons.

C.Tointroducethetopic.D.Tosupporttheconclusion.

13.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Theprocessoftheresearch.B.Thepurposeoftheresearch.

C.Thefindingsoftheresearch.D.Theinfluenceoftheresearch.

14.ThefollowingwouldbeinvestigatedbyUrbanMindEXCEPT.

A.thesightoftreesB.thecrowdednessofacity

C.thepressurefromtheirworkD.thesecurityofaneighborhood

15.Whatcanweknowaboutparticipantsinthelateststudy?

A.TheyallcamefromtheUK.

B.Theywerediagnosedwithdepression.

C.Theyrecordedtheirfeelingsbythemselves.

D.Theywererequiredtoanswerdifferentquestions.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

Accordingtoalatesttheory,peopleeachhavetheirown"happyweight".(1)Fortunately,youwouldbe

abletomaintainyour"happyweight11witheasebyenjoyingabalancedlifestyleandfeelgreat：yousleep

wellandyourmoodisgenerallystable.Your"happyweight"doesn'trequireyoutofollowacrazydiet,

removeyourfavoritefoodsorpunishyourbodywithendlessexercise.ltcanbereachedandmaintainedby

adjustingyourselftoyournaturalhungerandfullnesscues,enjoyinghealthyfoods80%ofthetimeand

spoilingyourself20%ofthetimeandtakingupexercisethatbringsyoujoy.⑵

Throwawaythescale.(3)Choosetonolongerletthenumberonthescaledefineyourprogress,moodfor

thedayoryourself-worth.

(4)Ifyoufindyourselfconstantlydieting,orfeelingstressedaboutfood,takesometimetoreflectonour

relationshipwithfood.Youcanworkwithadietitiantosupportyoutohealyourrelationshipwithfood.

Startengaginginmovementandexerciseyouenjoy.Ifyou'vealwaysviewedexerciseaspunishment,it*s

timetochangeyourmindsetandstartexploringsportsyouactuallyenjoy.Trynewactivities,joinnew

sportinggroups,orsignupforonlinesportsappsyou'vebeenwantingtotry.⑸

Insummary,whenyouYeatyour''happyweight'*,youfeelgreat,confidentandpresentinlife.Youhave

ahealthyrelationshipwithfood-butmostofall,younolongerallowthenumberonthescaletodecide

yourworthandhappiness.

A.Alwaysmaintainastrictdiet.

B.Workonyourrelationshipwithfood.

C.You'Hregainthejoyinmovingyourbody.

D.Herearesometipstohelpfind"happyweight".

E.Then,youwillachieveaso-called"happyweight0.

F.Yourhealthisnotdefinedbytheexactnumberonthescale.

G.Itcanbedescribedastheweightwhereanadultbodyfunctionsbest.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.GH.H

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

Iwasfreshoutofcollegeandjuststartedmycareer.Imovedtoanewplaceandmyfamily(21)to

congratulatemejustbeforeChristmas.However,Iwasoutofluckrightbeforemyfirst(22)trip.

Thatmorning,Isaidgoodbyetomyvisitingfamilyandleftfortheairport——orI(23)toreachthe

airport.Mycarbatterywas(24).1droppedmyphonebyaccident.Asaresult,it(25)andwouldnT

work.Worsestilhmy(26)hadalreadyleftmynewplace.Ididn'tknowanyoneintheareaandtherewere

notaxis.ltwasmyfirstrealjob.Iwassupposedtomeetthemanagersattheairportand(27)theplane

together.

Panicked,Istarted(28)the3milestotheoffice,wishingtofindsomehelpthere.ltwasdarkand(29).1must

havebeena(30)：asuitwalkingalongasnowyroadat5：30a.m.,⑶)withmyluggageand

briefcase.Beforelong,amotoriststoppedand(32)offeredmearidetothecompany.

Fortunately,1(33)ittotheairportontime.Laughterreplacedmyfearofgetting(34)whenIsharedthetale

ofmycrazymorningwiththehappy(35),thankstothekindnessofastranger.

21.A.visitedB.calledC.plannedD.prepared

22.A.familyB.businessC.studyD.field

23.A.decidedB.askedC.triedD.managed

24.A.badB.littleC.shortD.dead

25.A.brokedownB.brokeupC.brokeinD.brokeout

26.A.friendsB.familyC.classmatesD.managers

27.A.boardB.launchC.flyD.book

28.A.skiingB.drivingC.walkingD.wandering

29.A.snowingB.rainingC.foggingD.blowing

30.A.characterB.sightC.memoryD.scenery

31.A.doingB.meetingC.strugglingD.fighting

32.A.gentlyB.seriouslyC.hesitantlyD.warmly

33.A.madeB.ledC.showedD.delivered

34.A.paidB.abusedC.firedD.lost

35.A.contentB.outcomeC.climaxD.Hight

第II卷(非选择题)

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.So,youareinterestedinbecomingagoodjournalistbutdon'tknowwheretostart?

Well,thereareacoupleofthingsyoushouldputonyourlistof(1)(priority).

Firstly,youneedtobeskilledatwriting.Theinformation⑵(involve)inacomplexstorymay

comefromdozensofsources.Goodjournalistsneedtoorganizedozensofinformationclearlytogive

an(3)(accuracy)accountofwhatishappening.

Secondly,youmusthaveanaturalcuriosityaboutthings(4)arehappening,eventhoughtheymay

appeartobeminormatters.Whensomethingnewsworthycomes(5),itmayescapetheattentionof

ordinarypeople.⑹，goodjournalistsaresensitiveenough⑺(notice)theeventanddrawpublic

attentiontoit.

Finally,goodjournalistsarecommittedto(8)_(reveal)thetruth.AccordingtoNoamChomsky,

"Thedutyofjournalistsistotellthetruth.Journalism⑼(mean)yougobacktotheactualfacts,

youlookatthedocuments,youdiscoverwhattherecordis,andyoureportitthatway."Todothis,

journalistsneedtoinvestigateanevent(10)(thorough).

Tosumup,beingagoodjournalistrequireswritingskills,curiosityandcommitmenttofindingthe

truth.Goodluck!

(I)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)

37.假如你是李华，你校英语报社为即将举行的校音乐节展开了"MyFavoriteBand/Musician”

为题的征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

(1)你喜欢的乐队或音乐人；

(2)喜欢的理由；

(3)推荐该乐队或音乐人。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为80左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

MyFavorite

38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Myhusband'ssister-in-lawdiedofcancerat33,leavingaconfusedsonToddinthecareofhisfather,

whowasnotabletohandlehisownlife.Forthenext6months,Toddwasnotonlydealingwithhis

personalworldtomapart,buthewasoftenlaughedatandbullied（欺凌）byhisclassmates.What

todowithToddbecamethetopicoffamilymeetingsanddiscussions.

Severalofmyhusband'srelativeswantedtoinviteToddintotheirhomesandfamilies,buttheyhadn't

madeadecisionyet.Ourfamilyoffive—myhusband,ourthreeyoungchildren,andI-livedmiles

awayfromtherestofthefamily.PerhapsthebestsolutionwouldbetoremoveToddfromhiscurrent

location.Aftermanyseriousdiscussions,wedecidedtotakeonthechallenge.Wewouldgivehima

freshstart—anewlife.

WealsodeterminedthatthechoicetolivewithusmustbeTodd's.Whenhewasasked,hereplied

YESasifhehadfoundalife-savingraftinanoceanofhelplessness.Thatdoesnotmeanhewasnot

afraid—hewasteiTified.Iwas,too.WhatifIcouldnotbethemotherheneeded?Howwouldmy

otherchildrenaccepthim?Thedayhewastoarrive,Ipreparedmydaughter,agedeight,andson,

agedseven（thebabywastoolittle）tohelpthemunderstandthattheircousinwascomingtolive

withusandwouldbelikeanolderbrother.Theirlittlemindsthoughtitwaswonderful!

WhenToddarrived,hestoodinthedoorway,hisfacewhitewithfear.Heknew,andIknew,that

thenextstephetookwouldchangeourlivesforever.Attenyearsold,hehadalreadyexperienced

moreemotionalpainthanmostpeopledoinalifetime.nTodd,comein,"Isaid.nWearesoexcited

tohaveyouhere.Comeintothekitchen.Fvemadeacake."Ihopedmywordswerewelcomingand

cheerful.

注意：（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Toddstillstoodthere,notmoving.

Atthatmoment,Toddcouldn'tholdbackhistearsanymore.

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】C、A、B

【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据文章TheBelushi'sSportsBar,LondonBridge部分中的

They'restrictwithIDs,sobringone.(他们对身份证要求很严格，所以带一张吧。)可知

TheBelushi'sSportsBar对身份证要求严格。故选Co

(2)细节理解题。根据文章ThreeCompasses,Dalston部分中的

Youcanenjoyhome-madebeerandaward-winningburgershere(madewithAngusbeefwe'retold.)

(在这里你可以喝到自制啤酒和屡获殊荣的汉堡(据说是用安格斯牛肉做的)。)可知在

99DalstonLane可以喝到自制啤酒并且吃到屡获殊荣的汉堡。因此如果你对汉堡感兴趣，

99DalstonLane是你的最佳选择。故选A。

(3)细节理解题。根据文章TheBelushi'sSportsBar,LondonBridge部分中的

OtherBelushi'scanbefoundaroundLondon(Camden,Shepherd'sBush,Hammersmith,Greenwich).

(其他的Belushi可以在伦敦附近找到(Camden,Shepherd'sBush,Hammersmith,Greenwich)。)

以及SportsBar&Grill,OldStreet,CanaryWharf部分中的

ThereareotherSportsBar&GrillsacrossLondon(Marylebone,CanaryWharf,ClaphamJunction,

Farringdon,Victoria)，notallwiththeprivateTVoption——whichiswhywerecommendthisone.(伦

敦还有其他的体育酒吧和烧烤店(Marylebone,CanaryWharf,ClaphamJunction,Farringdon,

Victoria),并不是所有的都有私人电视选项一这就是我们推荐这家的原因。)可知

Belushi'sSportsBar和SportsBar&Grill的共同之处是它们在伦敦还有其他连锁店，故选B。

本文是应用文。文章介绍了五个足球友好的酒吧，在那里你可以享受美妙的氛围，一杯冰啤酒和

一些美味的食物。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有

标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；

其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，

带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强

的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，

才能做到稳、准。

4~7.【答案】D、B、B、A

【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据文章第二段Untilthelockdown（封锁）

forEnglandwasannouncedon4January,

outdoorpoolswereallowedtoremainopen."Demandhastakenusbysurprise."saidMurrayHeining,

avolunteeraltheWoburnLido.OverChristmasandNewYear,

inordertokeepupwiththedemandfromswimmers,thelido（露天游

泳）hadtoofferextraslotsforpeopletodivein.（在1月4日宣布封锁英格兰之前，室外游泳池被

允许保持开放。”需求让我们感到意外，"沃本丽都酒店的志愿者默里•海宁（MurrayHeining）说。

在圣诞节和新年期间，为了满足游泳者的需求，游泳池不得不提供额外的供人们潜水。）

可知圣诞节和新年期间，游泳的人很多，泳池不得不向客人提供额外的_____让人们潜水。既然人

很多，肯定是位置不够了，所以泳池必须提供额外的“位置”给客人。A.Volunteers.志愿者；

B.Solutions.解决措施；©.Opportunities.机会；D.Positions.位置。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段

Cold-waterswimminghasgrowninpopularityintheUKoverthepastfewyears.（过去儿年，冷水游

泳在英国越来越受欢迎。）可知在英国，人们最近几年越来越喜欢在冷水中游泳了。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段

TheOutdoorSwimmingSocietyclassifiestemperaturesbelow6℃as"Baltic"andfrom6-11℃as"freez

ing".Theyadvisepeopletogetinthewatergradually,soasnotloshockthebody.Likewise,

theyrecommendwarmingupgradually,

andnotrushingtheprocessbyleapingintoahotbathwhenyougetout.Instead,

Iheysuggestlayeringupanddrinkingsomethingwarm.（室外游泳协会将6℃以下的温度称为"波罗的

海"，6-11℃为“冰点"。他们建议人们慢慢下水，以免对身体造成冲击。同样，他们建议慢慢热身，

不要一出来就冲个热水澡。相反，他们建议多穿几层，喝点温暧的东西。）可知室外游泳协会建

议人们从水里出来之后喝一些热饮。故选B。

（4）标题判断题。根据文章第一段至第二段中，作者先是提出英国人爱上冬泳的现象；文章第三

至第五段主要给冬泳或在冷水中游泳提出一些建议；最后讲了英国的寒冷天气将继续持续下去。

由此可以推测出，文章主要是讲了冬泳或冷水游泳因天气等原因深受大众欢迎这件事，所以以

A.SwimmersEnjoyChillyDips（人们喜欢冷水游泳）作为题目最合适。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了英国最近出现的一个社会现象，那就是大家越来越喜欢冬泳、

冷水游泳了。同时，文章也给想要冬泳的人们提供了一些建议，例如寻找干净的水域、喝热饮等。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有

标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；

其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，

带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强

的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，

才能做到稳、准.

8~11.【答案】C、D、D、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。由文章第一段中的

Someanimalsareshowingoffnever-before-seenbehaviors,shiftingtheirdiets,

andevenevolvingdifferentshapes,sizes,andcolors.（一些动物表现出前所未见的行为，改变它们

的饮食，甚至进化出不同的形状、大小和颜色。）可知，针对人类的影响，一些动物正在进化不

同的形状。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。由文章第二段Theshiftscan'tbeavoidedandarelikelypermanent：

There'snogoingbacktowhenwildlifewasstillcompletelywild."There'snoplaceanywhereonthepla

netinitsoriginalcondition.Therearemicroplasticsatthebottomoftheocean,

andAntarcticaismelting.Theworldhaschangedbecausewe'reinit,"saysTagEngstrom,

abiologistatCaliforniaStateUniversity.（这种转变是无法避免的，而且可能是永久性的：野生动物

完全处于野生状态的时代已经一去不复返了。"地球上没有任何地方是原始状态的。海底有微塑料，

南极洲正在融化。加州州立大学的生物学家泰格•恩斯特罗姆（TagEngstrom）说："世界已经改变，

因为我们在其中。"）可知人类活动导致地球不再如从前一般了。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。由文章第五段的Accordingtoa2021DNAanalysispublishedinthejournalScience,

thattheelephantsarebornwithouttusksisnocoincidence.Afterdecadesofbeingshotbyivorybrokers,

theleadingelephantsinsomeherdshavepasseddownatraitthatpreventsthefemales'prizepossessions

fromgrowingin—andhelpsthemavoidbeinghunted.（根据2021年发表在《科学》杂志上的一项

DNA分析，大象出生时没有象牙并非巧合。在被象牙经纪人射杀了几十年之后，一些象群中的领

头象已经遗传了一种特性，可以防止母象的宝贵财产生长，帮助它们避免被猎杀。）可推知，这

些非洲母象进化成生来就没有象牙，是为了避免被捕杀，从而不会因此灭绝。故选D。

（4）文章出处题。由文章文章的主要内容，尤其第一段

Wehumanshaveanoutsizeinlluenceonthisplanet,andourwinged,finned,

andfour-leggedneighborsareintheirtoughtime.Manyanimalshavediedoutinresponsetothepressur

es,butsomesurvivorsareadapting.Someanimalsareshowingoffnever-before-seenbehaviors,

shiftingtheirdiets,andevenevolvingdifferentshapes,sizes,andcolors.（我们人类对这个星球有着

巨大的影响，我们有翅膀的、有鳍的和四条腿的邻居正处于艰难时期。许多动物在这种压力下灭

绝了，但一些幸存者正在适应。一些动物表现出前所未见的行为，改变它们的饮食，甚至进化出

不同的形状、大小和颜色。）可知，本文主要介绍在人类活动的影响下，一些动物正在进化，以

避免灭绝。这和科学研究相关。由此推知，本文最有可能出自杂志的科学版块。故选B。

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在人类活动的影响下一些动物正在进化，以避免灭绝。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有

标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；

其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，

带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强

的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，

才能做到稳、准。

12~15.【答案】C、B、C、D

【解析】（1）推理判断题。由本文第一®Doyouseeabirdrightnow?Canyouhearonesinging?

Ifso,

youmightbegettingamentalhealthboost.Arecentstudyfoundthatbeinginthepresenceofbirdsmade

peoplefeelmorepositive.（你现在看至!］一只鸟了吗？你能听到一只在唱歌吗？如果是这样的话，

你的心理健康可能会得到提升。最近的一项研究发现，有鸟在身边会让人感觉更积极。）可知，

作者在第一段提出问题并给出可能的答案，引出本篇文章的话题一研究发现，与鸟儿在一起会让

人感觉更加积极。故选C。

（2）段落大意题。由本文第二段AndreaMechelli,

apsychologistatKing'sCollegeLondonando