高中语文 阅读理解之主旨要义题

阅读理解考点1：---理解主旨要义全国Ⅰ卷201920182017主旨要义题221事实细节题777推理判断题555意思猜测题112考点分析大意类：Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?(2012年全国课标卷)Whatisthefirst/secondparagraphmainlyabout?(2019年全国Ⅰ卷；2017年全国Ⅱ卷)Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?(2017年全国Ⅱ卷)Whatisthemainideaofthetext?(2018年全国Ⅰ卷)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?(2019年全国Ⅱ卷；2018年全国Ⅲ卷)标题类Whatis/canbe/mightbethebesttitleforthetext?(2019年全国Ⅰ卷；2019年全国Ⅱ卷；2018年全国Ⅱ卷)Whichofthefollowingcan/mightbethebesttitleforthetext?(2017年全国Ⅰ卷)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?(2019年全国Ⅲ卷；2018年Ⅰ卷；2018年全国Ⅲ卷)提问方式阅读理解解题策略：“一定二找三比较”“一定”：通过题干关键词定位答案区间“二找”：用定位词在答案区间找信息句“三比较”：将信息句与选项比较主旨大意题解题步骤1读题干，浏览文章，定位答题区域（全文/段落）2在区域找主题句有主题句（首尾段、每段首尾句、以及表达句际关系的连接性词语but，however…）（应用文、说明文、议论文）无主题句---归纳、概括（记叙文）3将主题句与各项内容进行比较[典型例题]

2019年全国Ⅰ卷·32

段落大意Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool(小学),Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus…Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.Thelikables’plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-startinterpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere’sthekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorablebehavior.略读找到主题句

Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theclassificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.thesecondparagraphmainlysortsthepopularintotwocategoriesthelikableandthestatusseekers1Thelikables2ThestatusTheclassification同义Tips：注意文中表总结和概括性的句子和词语。（如therefore，thus，inshort，conclude，conclusion，category等词后的内容可能是主题）文章大意［典型例题］2019年全国Ⅱ卷·31MarianBechtelsitsatWestPalmBeach’sBarLouiecounterbyherself,quietlyreadinghere-bookasshewaitsforhersalad…Anewreportfound46percentofmealsareeatenaloneinAmerica.Morethanhalf(53percent)havebreakfastaloneandnearlyhalf(46percent)havelunchbythemselves.Onlyatdinnertimeareweeatingtogetheranymore,74percent,accordingtostatisticsfromthereport.“Iprefertogooutandbeout.Alone,buttogether,youknow?”Bechtelsaid,lookingupfromherbook…Alunchtimeescapeallowshertokeepabossfromtappingherontheshoulder.Shereturnstoworkfeelingenergized.“Today,Ijustwantedsometimetomyself,”shesaid.Justtwoseatsover,AndrewMazoleny,alocalvideographer,isfinishinghislunchatthebar…“Ireflectonhowmyday’sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek,”hesaid.“It’sachanceforself-reflection.Youreturntoworkrechargedandwithaplan.”Thatfreedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeatalone.Therewasatimewhenpeoplemayhavefeltawkwardaboutaskingforatableforone,butthosedaysareover.Now,wehaveoursmartphonestokeepuscompanyatthetable.“Itdoesn’tfeelasaloneasitmayhavebeforealltheadvancesintechnology,”saidLaurieDemeritt,whosecompanyprovidedthestatisticsforthereport.

Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thetrendofhavingmealsalone.B.Theimportanceofself-reflection.C.Thestressfromworkingovertime.D.Theadvantageofwirelesstechnology.thetextmainlyTips：1高频词例子1列数据例子2例子3归纳总结butthosedaysareoverThetrend同义互换2表转折的词；3Now|暗示后面要讲的跟以往不同文章标题［典型例题］2019年全国Ⅲ卷·27ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.“It’snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource(来源)ofinspirationfordesigners,”saysAmandaHill…Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart…Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthat…“Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,”saysHill.“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”…ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.“ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,”shesays.“Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina—itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.”

Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorldB.AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYorkC.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAestheticsD.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrendsasuitabletitleforthetextChinainspireinfluenceWesternChineseCulture

Fueling

InternationalFashionTrendsTips:高频词归纳概括[对点练习]1.(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·35)Adultsunderstandwhatifitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked…Forweeks,I’vebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions.Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless…Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.

Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TakeitorLeaveit