【英语】高一英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)及解析

【英语】高一英语阅读理解专项训练100(附答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解

ThreeboyswereenjoyingthemselvesintheirhometownofBovina,Mississippi.However,theirliveswereturnedupsidedownwhentheydiscoveredthejawboneofaMastodon(齿乳象).

BrothersShawnandCaidSellersandcousinMichaelMahalitcfoundtheprehistoricboneinapieceofearththatwasrecentlyplowed(犁、耕)."Ithoughtitwasalog,"Caidsaid."ItriedtopickitupanditwasreallyheavyandIsawteethonit."Theboneweighedabout50pounds.Theyeventuallygotthebonetotheirhomeandfitteditintheirtub(浴盆),butittooktheircollectivestrength,mightandagolfcart,tocarrythelargeMastodonbone.

"Theydidn'texpecttofindthat,"Michael'smomsaid."Nowthattheyhave,Ibelievethattheywillbemoreawareoftheirsurroundingsandwhatthey'rediggingupwhentheyarediggingandplaying."

"We'vegottenalotofpetrified(石化的)woodandCivilWarrelicsfromtheareaandthat'swhatIthoughtitwas,"thebrothers'mothersaid."Thisisourfirstsetofteethwe'vefound.Sowethoughtitwastheirimagination.Wewerequitesurprisedtoseethatitwasnottheirimagination."

Theywereexploringnearthebrothers'home.Loandbehold(真想不到),theysawwhattheythoughtresembledafossil.Itwasthecuratorofpaleontology(古生物负责人)oftheMississippiMuseumofNaturalScience,GeorgePhillips,whofirstidentifiedtheboneasa"verymatureindividual."

TheMastodonwasamammalwholivedduringtheprehistorictimes.Theyhadlongtusksandtrunks,likeelephants.Theywereclearlydifferentfromtheirmodern-daycounterparts,aswellaswoollymammoths(猛犸).（1）HowdidtheyfindthejawboneofaMastodon?A.

Withgreatefforts.

B.

Bychance.C.

Instructedbyanexpert.

D.

Throughimagination.（2）Atfirstthebrothers'motherthoughtthejawbonewas

.A.

frompeoplewhodiedintheCivilWar

B.

thebonefromaverymatureindividualC.

likealogorsomething

D.

theprehistoricbone（3）ThediscoveryofthejawboneofaMastodonisimportantmainlybecauseit

.A.

helpspeopletoknowmoreabouttheCivilWar

B.

teacheskidstobemoreawareoftheirsurroundingsC.

promotestheresearchonmoreprehistoriccreatures

D.

attractstheMississippiMuseumofNaturalScience（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthearticle?A.

PrehistoricBonesRecentlyFoundinMississippi

B.

NotPetrifiedWoodNorCivilWarRelicsC.

FirstIdentifyingBoneasa"VeryMatureIndividual"

D.

UnexpectedlyDiscoveringMastodonJawbone【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，美国密西西比的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了齿乳象的颚骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前生物的遗骸，所发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有较强的促进作用。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段“ThreeboyswereenjoyingthemselvesintheirhometownofBovina,Mississippi.However,theirliveswereturnedupsidedownwhentheydiscoveredthejawboneofaMastodon(齿乳象).”可知他们是在玩耍的时候无意中发现齿乳象的颚骨的。故选B。（2）考查判断推理。根据第四段中的“We'vegottenalotofpetrified(石化的)woodandCivilWarrelicsfromtheareaandthat'swhatIthoughtitwas”可知之前他们曾经发现过一些石化的木材以及内战时的遗物，所以他的母亲认为这次他们发现的还是内战里死亡的人的遗物。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Itwasthecuratorofpaleontology(古生物负责人)oftheMississippiMuseumofNaturalScience,GeorgePhillips,whofirstidentifiedtheboneasa‘verymatureindividual.’”“可知齿乳象的颚骨的发现可以促进对史前生物的研究。故选C。（4）考查主旨大意。本文是一篇记叙文，美国密西西比的三个男孩在玩耍的时候无意中发现了史前巨物齿乳象的颚骨，起初他们并不知道这是史前生物的遗骸，所发现的遗骸对史前生物的研究有较强的促进作用。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解WhatCocktailPartiesTeachUs

You'reataparty.Musicisplaying.Glassesareclinking.Dozensofconversationsaredrivingupthedecibel(分贝)level.Yetamongallthosedistractions,youcantuneyourattentiontojustonevoicefrommany.Thisabilityiswhatresearcherscallthe“cocktail-partyeffect”.

ScientistsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanFranciscohavefoundwherethatsound-editingprocessoccursinthebrain—intheauditorycortex(听觉皮层)justbehindtheear,notinareasofhigherthought.Theauditorycortexboostssomesoundsandturnsdownotherssothatwhenthesignalreachesthehigherbrain,“it'sasifonlyonepersonwasspeakingalone,”saysinvestigatorEdwardChang.

Thesefindings,publishedinthejournalNaturelastweek,explainwhypeoplearen'tverygoodatmultitasking—ourbrainsarewiredfor“selectiveattention”andcanfocusononlyonethingatatime.Thatinbornabilityhashelpedhumanssurviveinaworldbuzzingwithvisualandauditorystimulation(刺激).Butwekeeptryingtopushthelimitswithmultitasking,sometimeswithtragic(悲剧的)consequences.Driverstalkingoncellphones,forexample,arefourtimesaslikelytogetintotrafficaccidentsasthosewhoaren't.

Manyofthoseaccidentsaredueto“inattentionalblindness”,inwhichpeoplecan,ineffect,turnablindeyetothingstheyaren'tfocusingon.Themoreattentionataskdemands,thelessattentionwecanpaytootherthingsinourfieldofvision.Imageslandonourretinas(视网膜)andareeitherboostedorplayeddowninthevisualcortexbeforebeingpassedtothebrain,justastheauditorycortexfilterssounds,asshownintheNaturestudylastweek.“It'sapush-pullrelationship—themorewefocusononething,thelesswecanfocusonothers,”saysDianeM.Beck,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyattheUniversityofIllinois.

StudiesoverthepastdecadeattheUniversityofUtahshowthatdriverstalkingonhands-freecellphonesarejustasinfluencedasthoseonhands-heldphonesbecauseitistheconversation,notthedevice,thatisdistractingtheirattention.Thosetalkingonanykindofcellphonereactmoreslowlyandmissmoretrafficsignalsthanothermotorists.

Somepeoplecantrainthemselvestopayextraattentiontothingsthatareimportant—likepoliceofficerslearntoscancrowdsforfacesandconductorscanlistenforindividualinstrumentswithintheorchestraasawhole.Manymorethinktheycaneffectivelymultitask,butareactuallyshiftingtheirattentionrapidlybetweentwothingsandnotgettingthefulleffectofeither,expertssay.（1）WhathavescientistsinUniversityofCaliforniafoundabout“thecocktail-partyeffect”?A.

Usuallythereisonlyonepersonwhoisspeakingalone.

B.

Allkindsofannoyingsoundsdriveupthedecibellevel.C.

Thehigherbrainprocessessoundsandimagesselectively.

D.

Soundsaresortedoutbeforereachingthehigherbrain.（2）Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?A.

Wearebiologicallyincapableofmultitasking.

B.

Wesurvivedistractionsinlifebymultitasking.C.

Wecannotmultitaskwithoutextraattention.

D.

Webenefitfrompushingthelimitwithmultitasking.（3）Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof"inattentionalblindness"?A.

Acarelessdriverlosthiseyesightafteracaraccident.

B.

Policescannedthecrowdsandlocatedthecriminal.C.

Amanagertalkedonahands-freephonewithhisclient.

D.

Apedestrianhadacaraccidentbecauseofphubbing(低头).（4）Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A.

compareandcontrast

B.

informandexplainC.

argueanddiscuss

D.

examineandevaluate【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）D（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述的是“鸡尾酒会效应”的启示。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ScientistsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanFranciscohavefoundwherethatsound-editingprocessoccursinthebrain—intheauditorycortex(听觉皮层)justbehindtheear,notinareasofhigherthought.”现在，加州大学旧金山分校（UniversityofCaliforniainSanFrancisco）的科学家找到了这种声音编辑过程在大脑中发生的位置──在耳朵后面的听觉皮层，而不是大脑的高级思维区域。可知，在到达更高的大脑之前，声音已经被整理出来了，故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Thesefindings,publishedinthejournalNaturelastweek,explainwhypeoplearen'tverygoodatmultitasking-ourbrainsarewiredfor‘selectiveattention’andcanfocusononlyonethingatatime.”这些上月发布在《自然》期刊上的研究结果强调了为何人们不是很擅长处理多任务──我们的大脑有“选择性注意”机制，一次只能专注于一件事。可知，我们在生理上无法同时处理多项任务。故选A。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Manyofthoseaccidentsaredueto‘inattentionalblindness’,inwhichpeoplecan,ineffect,turnablindeyetothingstheyaren'tfocusingon.”可知，D项Apedestrianhadacaraccidentbecauseofphubbing.“一个行人因低头族而发生车祸。”是一个“inattentionalblindness”的例子。故选D。（4）考查目的意图。根据最后一段中的“Somepeoplecantrainthemselvestopayextraattentiontothingsthatareimportant—likepoliceofficerslearntoscancrowdsforfacesandconductorscanlistenforindividualinstrumentswithintheorchestraasawhole.Manymorethinktheycaneffectivelymultitask,butareactuallyshiftingtheirattentionrapidlybetweentwothingsandnotgettingthefulleffectofeither,expertssay.”有人可以训练自己对重要的事情付出格外的注意力──就像警察学习扫描人群的面孔，以及乐团指挥可以在整个乐团中听到每件乐器的声音。专家说，更多的人则是自以为可以有效地处理多任务，但他们其实是在两件事之间迅速转移注意力，而并没有全身心地投入到其中任何一件事中。可知本文的目的是“检查和评估”，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和目标意图三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行讨论推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

Manyscientiststodayareconvincedthatlifeexistselsewhereintheuniverse---lifeprobablymuchlikethatonourownplanet.Theyreasoninthefollowingway.

Asfarasastronomerscandetermine,theentireuniverseisbuiltofthesamematter.Theyhavenoreasontodoubtthatmatterobeysthesamelawsineverypartoftheuniverse.Therefore,itisreasonabletoguessthatotherstars,withtheirownplanets,wereborninthesamewayasourownsolarsystem.Whatweknowoflifeonearthsuggeststhatlifewillarisewherevertheproperconditionsexist.

Liferequirestherightamountandkindofatmosphere.Thiseliminates(除去)allthoseplanetsintheuniversethatarenotaboutthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Asmallerplanetwouldloseitsatmosphere;alargeronewouldholdtoomuchofit.

Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.Thiseliminatesdoublestars,orstarsthatflareupsuddenly.Onlysinglestarsthataresteadysourcesofheatandlightlikeoursunwouldqualify.

Finally,lifecouldevolve(进化)onlyiftheplanetisjusttherightdistancefromitssun.Withaweakersunthanourown,theplanetwouldhavetobeclosertoit.Withastrongersun,itwouldhavetobefartheraway.

Ifwesupposethateverystarintheuniversehasafamilyofplanets,thenhowmanyplanetsmightsupportlife?First,eliminatethosestarsthatarenotlikeoursun.Nexteliminatemostoftheirplanets;theyareeithertoofarfromortooclosetotheirsuns.Theneliminateallthoseplanetswhicharenotthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Finally,rememberthattheproperconditionsdonotnecessarilymeanthatlifeactuallydoesexistonaplanet.Itmaynothavebegunyet,oritmayhavealreadydiedout.

Thisprocessofeliminationseemstoleaveveryfewplanetsonwhichearthlikelifemightbefound.However,eveniflifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion,therearesomanybillionsofplanetsthatthiswouldstillleaveavastnumberonwhichlifecouldexist.（1）TheexistenceoflifedependsonallofthefollowingfactorsEXCEPT

.A.therightamountofatmosphereB.ourownsolarsystemC.steadyheatandlightD.therightdistancefromthesun（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?A.Theplanetmustbeasbigandheavyastheearth.B.Properconditionsareessentialtotheexistenceoflife.C.Doublestarscanprovidesteadylightandheat.D.Thedistancebetweenaplanetanditssunshouldberight.（3）WhatkindofplanetmightNOTsupportlife?A.Mostoftheplanetsofthestars.B.Starssimilartooursun.C.Planetssimilartotheearth.D.Planetswithproperconditions.（4）Attheendofthepassagetheauthorsuggeststhat

.A.itisimpossibleforlifetoexistonplanetsB.earthlikelifecouldonlyexistonafewplanetsC.lifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillionD.lifecouldexistonagreatnumberofplanets【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，整个宇宙都是由同一种物质构成的，物质在宇宙的每一部分都遵循同样的规律。因此，我们有理由猜测，其他恒星，以及它们自己的行星，都是以与我们太阳系相同的方式诞生的。我们对地球上生命的了解表明，只要存在适当的条件，生命就会出现。（1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Liferequirestherightamountandkindofatmosphere”；第四段中“Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.”以及第五段中“Finally,lifecouldevolve(进化)onlyiftheplanetisjusttherightdistancefromitssun”可知，生命的进化需要适当数量和种类的大气、稳定的光和热供应以及行星与太阳的距离恰到好处。文章中没有提到生命的进化需要太阳系。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Lifealsorequiresasteadysupplyofheatandlight.Thiseliminatesdoublestars,orstarsthatflareupsuddenly.”可知，生命也需要稳定的光和热供应。这就排除了双星，或突然爆发的恒星。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“First,eliminatethosestarsthatarenotlikeoursun.Nexteliminatemostoftheirplanets;theyareeithertoofarfromortooclosetotheirsuns.Theneliminateallthoseplanetswhicharenotthesamesizeandweightastheearth.Finally,rememberthattheproperconditionsdonotnecessarilymeanthatlifeactuallydoesexistonaplanet.”可知，大部分行星都不能维持生命，因为他们要么离太阳太近，要么离太阳太远，要么与地球大小和重量不一样，而且适当的条件也并不一定意味着生命确实。故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“However,eveniflifecouldexistononlyoneplanetinamillion,therearesomanybillionsofplanetsthatthiswouldstillleaveavastnumberonwhichlifecouldexist.”可知，然而，即使生命可能只存在于百万分之一的行星上，但仍有数十亿的行星可能存在生命。可知，生命可能在许多星球存在。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Thekilldeer,asmallbirdknownforitshigh-pitched(声调高的)call,couldleadtothecancellation(取消)ofoneofCanada'biggestmusicfestivals.

ThefirsthintoftroubleforOttawa'sBluesfest,anoutdoorfestivalthatdrawsaround300,000peopleeachyear,camelastweekafterworkersatthesitefoundoneofthebirds.Ithadlaidfoureggsnearby,effectivelyclaimingthemainstageareaasitsnestingground."Thisisoneofthemostchallengingproblemswe'vebeenpresentedwith,butwefeelwecanworkthroughthis,"saidMarkMonahan,executivedirectorofthefestival."Anythingthatchangestheschedulehasamajoreffect,sowe'retakingitveryseriously."

Thediscoverymeantthatgovernmentofficialsrushedtoprotectthenestandtheeggs,hiringasecurityguardtowatchoverthem24hoursaday.

Environmentalistswerealsobroughtin."Wedon'tknowwhentheeggsmighthatch,"saidMonahan.Whatisknownisthattheyoungkilldeerwilllikelyleavethenestsoonaftertheyarehatched,leadingmanytohopethattheeggshatchinthenextdayorso.

ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocate(搬迁)thenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.Movingthenestwouldalsoensurethebirdanditsyoungwouldbeprotectedduringthefestival's11-dayrun,saidMonahan.It'shighlylikelythatthefestival'sthousandsofattendeeswouldcausehugeproblemsforthebirdanditseggs.Monahanwasconfidentthatthefestivalwouldgoonasplanned,however."Mostofthepeoplewe'reworkingwitharelookingforapositivesolution,"Monahansaid."Thereisnoonesayingthatthefestivalcan'tgoon."

Asnewsofthedilemmaspread,itleftresidentsdivided.Somesupportedthebird,sayingthatmovingthenestmightresultintheeggsbeingabandoned.Othersexpressedannoyancethatprotectingtheeggsofthesmallbird,whichiswidespreadacrossNorthAmerica,wasriskinganannualfestivalthatcontributesmillionsofdollarstothelocaleconomy.

Thekilldeer'stendencytobuilditsnestinopenfieldsorflatareashascausedissuesinotherareasoftheUS:earlierthisyear,constructionofahealthcenterinWisconsinwastemporarilystoppedafterakilldeeranditsfoureggswerediscovered.（1）WhatcanwelearnaboutBluesfest?A.ItisthefirstmusicfestivalinCanada.B.Itisanimportanteventformusiclovers.C.Itisamusicfestivalheldeverytwoyears.D.ItisachallengingoutdooractivityinOttawa.（2）WhatwasespeciallychallengingforBluesfestthisyear?A.Pressurefromthegovernment.B.Disagreementswiththepublic.C.Theneedtoprotectthebird'seggs.D.Thelackofexperienceinhostingtheevent.（3）Howdidthefestivalplantodealwiththeproblem?A.Movethenesttoanotherplace.B.Askgovernmentofficialsforhelp.C.Seekadvicefromenvironmentalists.D.Hiresecurityguardstoprotecttheeggs.（4）Theunderlinedword"dilemma"isclosestinmeaningto"______".A.adifficultsituationB.anextremesituationC.adangeroussituationD.anencouragingsituation【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，对于音乐爱好者来说，非常重大的加拿大音乐事件Bluesfest,在上周工作人员在现场发现了一只小水鸟，它在附近下了四个蛋，把主要舞台区域作为它的筑巢地，以及就主办方准备将鸟巢搬离此处引发了人们讨论。（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ThefirsthintoftroubleforOttawa'sBluesfest,anoutdoorfestivalthatdrawsaround300,000peopleeachyear,camelastweekafterworkersatthesitefoundoneofthebirds.”可知渥太华的Bluesfest,是一个每年吸引约30万人参加的户外节日。因此Bluesfest,对音乐爱好者来说是一个重要的事件。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Ithadlaidfoureggsnearby,effectivelyclaimingthemainstageareaasitsnestingground.”小水鸟在舞台附近下了4个蛋；和第四段中的“‘Thisisoneofthemostchallengingproblemswe'vebeenpresentedwith,butwefeelwecanworkthroughthis,’saidMarkMonahan,executivedirectorofthefestival.”音乐节执行总监说：“这是我们面临的最具挑战性的问题之一，我觉得我们可以解决这个问题”。得知保护鸟蛋是今年Bluesfest面临挑战的事情。故选C。（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“ThefestivalisnowseekingpermissionfromEnvironmentCanadatorelocate(搬迁)thenestsome50metersawayortakeittoawildlifecenter.”可知现在该节日正在寻求加拿大环境部的许可，将鸟巢迁移到50米外，或带到野生动物中心，可以得知为了解决这个问题，节日筹备方打算把鸟巢搬到另一个地方。故选A。（4）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的“Movingthenestwouldalsoensurethebirdanditsyoungwouldbeprotectedduringthefestival's11-dayrun,saidMonahan.It'shighlylikelythatthefestival'sthousandsofattendeeswouldcausehugeproblemsforthebirdanditseggs.”可知Monahan说，为期11天的节日活动中，移动鸟巢能确保鸟儿和其幼鸟得到保护。但是极有可能，成千上万的参与者会给这只鸟和它的蛋带来巨大的问题。可以推断出当时的处境困难，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。5．阅读理解

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Youknowthatfeelingwhenyou'reasexcitedasyouarescaredtomakealeap?That'showJabarifeelsabouthisfirstjumpoffthedivingboard.Heknowshowtoswim.Heknowsjumpingoffsurelooksfun.Butdoeshehavewhatittakestotakeatry?Withsomegentleencouragementfromhislovingfather,Jabarijumps.AvailablefromAmazon.$11.26（1）WhatcanyouenjoyinthebookAndThenComesSummer?A.

Swimmingskills.

B.

Funofsummer.

C.

Artexhibition.

D.

Alovelydog.（2）WhatdoThereMightbeLobstersandJabariJumpshaveincommon?A.

Theyhavethesameprices.

B.

Theircharactersdothesamesports.C.

Theycanbeboughtindifferentplaces.

D.

Theircharacterssucceedinriddingfear.（3）Whichbookdescribestheexperienceoflearningtoswim?A.

AndThenComesSummer

B.

ThereMightbeLobstersC.

ThreeLittleWords

D.

JabariJumps【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几本可以在炎热的季节陪伴你的书。(1)考查细节理解。根据AndThenComesSummer部分中的“Thesmelloffresh-cutgrass.Thecoldnessoficecreamonyourtongue.Thesoundofcrickets(蟋蟀)atnight,Thisromanticfeastforsensesisasmuchacelebrationoftheseasonasitisasummerbucketlist!”这些对夏天事物和乐趣的描写可知从这本书中我们可以享受到夏天的乐趣，故选B。(2)考查细节理解。根据ThereMightbeLobsters部分中的“She'sasmalldogwithabigfearofthebeach.Whenarescueisinorder,Sukisavesthattheday,provingthatthere'snothingtofearbutfearitself.和JabariJumpsbyGaiaCornwall中Youknowthatfeelingwhenyou'reasexcitedasyouarescaredtomakealeap?Withsomegentleencouragementfromhislovingfather,Jabarijumps.”可知这两本书都讲述了主人公成功克服恐惧的故事，故选D。(3)考查细节理解。根据ThreeLittleWords部分中的“Dery's‘Justkeepswimming!’messageofperseveranceisperfectforanyonewhohaseverfeltliketheyweredrowning.FollowDoryanunforgettableadventure”等信息可知本书描述了Dery学游泳的经历，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。6．阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Anewtechnologyisgoingtoripe,onethatcouldtransformourdailylives,helptoformnewindustries,evenremoveworldeconomicpowersfromtheirpresentpositions.UnlikethewaveofindustrializationthatbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld,thenewdevelopmentsaretakingplaceinresearchlabsallovertheglobe—andAsiansareintheforefront.Physicistsarecreatinganewclassofmaterialsthatdisplayanamazingpropertyunforeseeneventwoyearsago—superconductivity(超导体技术).

Usedtodayonlyinspecializedequipment,superconductorshavethepotentialtoradicallychangemostoftheelectricalandelectronicappliancesfoundinthehome,makingthemsmaller,morepowerfulandefficient.Theycouldfreeourcitiesofpollutionbyreplacingpetrolanddiesel(柴油)vehicleswithelectriccars,andcutthecostofelectricity.Thenewmaterialsdosomethingthateventhebestofconductorssuchascopperandsilvercannot—theydoawaywithallelectricalresistance.Thesignificancesforenergystoragearegreat.

Thetechnologyisinitsearlystage,stillaccessibletocountriesthatdecidetoinvestbrainsandmoney.For75yearsithadremainedlittlemorethanascientificcuriositywithlimitedpracticalusebecausethephenomenonoccurredonlyatextremelylowtemperatures.Itwasfirstobservedin1911byaDutchscientistnamedHeikeKamerlinghOnnes,whocooledmercury(水银)totemperaturesbelow-269℃withliquidhelium(氦).TheninJanuarylastyear,twoIBMscientists,K.AlexMullerandJ.GeorgeBednorz,foundametaloxideceramic(氧化陶瓷)thatsuperconductedat-243℃.TheirreportwentlargelyunnoticeduntillastDecember,whenitwasconfirmedatascientificmeetinginBoston.TodayJapan,India,ChinaandotherAsiancountriesallhavetheirshareofexpertswhospendtheirdaysandnightsinlabs,actingasmidwives(助产士)toanewtechnology.（1）Asisindicatedinthepassage,thetechnologyofsuperconductivity____________.A.

hasalreadybeendeveloped

B.

isstillunderdevelopmentC.

willbeusedonlyinspecializedequipment

D.

willbeusedindailylivesinafewyears（2）Thenewtechnologydiffersfromtheothersinthat____________.A.

itbeganintheEastandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld

B.

itbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworldC.

itisbeingcultivatedinresearchlabsaroundtheworld

D.

itisaccessibletophysicistswhoareintelligentandrich（3）Fromthepassage,wemayconcludethat____________.A.

Asianscientistsgaintheleadinthegrowthofthenewtechnology

B.

Dutchscientistskeptreportingnewfindingsforthelast75yearsC.

IBMscientists'reportreceiveimmediateattentionallovertheworld

D.

theWestwasastonishedatthenewtechnologydevelopedbytheAsians（4）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

TheProspectofaNewTechnology

B.

Superconductivity:ANewTechnologyC.

ANewTechnology:TheKeytoChangetheWayofOurLives

D.

ANewTechnology:AJointEffortofManyCountries【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了超导体技术的发展潜能和发展状况。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Anewtechnologyisgoingtoripe,onethatcouldtransformourdailylives,helptoformnewindustries,evenremoveworldeconomicpowersfromtheirpresentpositions.”一项新技术即将成熟，它可以改变我们的日常生活，帮助形成新的产业，甚至将世界经济强国从其目前的地位上移除；以及第三段中的“Thetechnologyisinitsearlystage,stillaccessibletocountriesthatdecidetoinvestbrainsandmoney”技术还处于早期阶段，那些决定投资于人才和资金的国家仍然可以获得这项技术，可知选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“UnlikethewaveofindustrializationthatbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld,thenewdevelopmentsaretakingplaceinresearchlabsallovertheglobe—andAsiansareintheforefront.”与开始于西方，后来传播到世界其他地区工业化的浪潮不同，全球各地的研究实验室都在进行新的研究——亚洲人走在最前线。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“UnlikethewaveofindustrializationthatbeganintheWestandspreadlatertotherestoftheworld,thenewdevelopmentsaretakingplaceinresearchlabsallovertheglobe—andAsiansareintheforefront.”与开始于西方，后来传播到世界其他地区工业化的浪潮不同，全球各地的研究实验室都在进行新的研究——亚洲人走在最前线；以及最后一段中的“TodayJapan,India,ChinaandotherAsiancountriesallhavetheirshareofexpertswhospendtheirdaysandnightsinlabs,actingasmidwives(助产士)toanewtechnology.”今天，日本，印度，中国和其它亚洲国家都有自己的专家，白天和晚上都在实验室里，充当一种新技术的助产士，故选A。（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，第一段首先提出一项新技术，第二段说明了这项技术的发展潜能，最后一段介绍这项新技术的发展状况，因此选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读理解

Askids,myfriendsandIspentalotoftimeoutinthewoods."Thewoods"wasourpart-timeaddress,destination,purpose,andexcuse.IfIwenttoafriend'shouseandfoundhimnotathome,hismothermightsay,"Oh,he'soutinthewoods,"withatone(语气)ofairyacceptance.It'ssimilartothetonepeoplesometimesusenowadaystotellmethatsomeoneI'mlookingforisonthegolfcourseoratthegym,oreven"awayfromhisdesk".Forusten-year-olds,"beingoutinthewoods"wasjustanexcusetodowhateverwefeellikeforawhile.

Wesometimestoldourselvesthatwhatweweredoinginthewoodswasexploring(探索).Exploringwasamorepopularideabackthenthanitistoday.Historyseemedtobemostlyaboutexplorers.Ourexplorations,thoughseemedtohavelesssystemthanthehistorickindsomethingu