新教材2023年高中英语Unit3DiverseCulturesSectionⅠListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking学案新人教版必修第三册

UNIT3DIVERSECULTURES单元核心素养单元话题导读WesterncultureThecultureoftheUnitedStatesisaWesternculture,andhasbeendevelopingsincelongbeforetheUnitedStatesbecameacountry.ItschiefearlyinfluencewasBritishculture,duetocolonialtieswiththeBritishthatspreadtheEnglishlanguage,thelegalsystemandotherculturalinheritances.OtherimportantinfluencescamefromotherpartsofEurope,especiallycountriesfromwhichlargenumbersimmigratedsuchasIreland,Germany,Poland,andItaly；theNativeAmericanpeoples；Africa,especiallythewesternpart,fromwhichcametheancestorsofmostAfricanAmericans；andyounggroupsofimmigrants.AmericanculturealsohassharedinfluenceontheculturesofitsneighborsintheNewWorld.TheUnitedStateshastraditionallybeenknownasameltingpot,butrecentacademicopinionistendingawardsculturaldiversity,pluralismandtheimageofasaladbowlratherthanameltingpot.DuetotheextentofAmericanculture,therearemanyintegratedbutuniquesubcultureswithintheUnitedStates.ThestrongerinfluencesonAmericanculturecamefromnorthernEuropeancultures,mostprominentlyfromGermany,IrelandandEngland.SectionⅠListeningandSpeaking，ReadingandThinking课前自主预习Ⅰ．重点单词1．__diverse__adj.不同的；多种多样的→__diversity__n.差异(性)；不同(点)；多样性2．__fortune__n.机会；运气→__fortunate__adj.幸运的；吉祥的→__fortunately__adv.幸运地；吉祥地→__unfortunate__adj.不幸的；遗憾的→__unfortunately__adv.不幸地3．__chip__n.(英)炸土豆条；(美)炸薯条；芯片；碎片4．__cheese__n．干酪；奶酪5．__admit__vi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)→__admission__n．允许进入；入场费；承认6．__definitely__adv.肯定；确实→__definite__adj.肯定的；确定的7．__occur__vi.发生；出现→__occurred__(过去式/过去分词)→__occurring__(现在分词)8．__downtown__adv.在市中心；往市中心9．__mission__n.传教(区)；重要任务；使命10．__district__n.地区；区域11．__comic__n.连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的12．__afterwards__adv.以后；后来13．__historical__adj.(有关)历史的→__history__n．历史→__historian__n．历史学家14．__seek__vt.&vi.寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求→__sought__(过去式/过去分词)15．__earn__vt.&vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得16．__immigrant__n.(外来)移民；外侨17．__select__vt.选择；挑选；选拔→__selective__adj.有选择性的→__selection__n.选择；挑选；选拔18．__china__n.瓷；瓷器19．__jazz__n.爵士乐20．__bar__n．酒吧；小吃店；小馆子21．__diagram__n．简图；图解；图表；示意图22．__journal__n．日志；日记；报纸；刊物→__journalist__n．记者23．__claim__vt.&n.夺取(生命)；宣称；断言24．__series__n.一系列；连续；接连25．__minority__n.少数民族；少数派；少数人→__majority__n.大部分；大多数26．__escape__vi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱Ⅱ．重点短语1．head__to__(朝)……前进；(向……)去2．__seek__one’sfortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界3．earn__a__living谋生4．aseries__of__一系列或一连串(事件)5．apart__from__除了……外(还)；此外6．bemade__of__由……制成7．beableto__do__sth.能够/会做某事8．usedto__do__sth.过去常常做某事9．bring__about__导致；引起Ⅲ．重点句型1．__Itislikelythat__NativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.美洲土著居民很可能在至少一万五千年前迁往加州。2．Iwalkedaround__lookingatthestreetart__forafewhours.我在街上转了几个小时，欣赏街头艺术。3．Inthesameyear，goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco，__which__startedagoldrush.同年，在旧金山附近发现了黄金，这引起了淘金热。Ⅳ．课文理解1．Whatdoestheword“definitely”inthefirstparagraphmean？__C__A．Doubtfully. B．Only.C．Certainly. D．Finally.2．Accordingtothethirdparagraph，whichisnotthewaythatChineseusedtoearnaliving？__A__A．Performedstreetart. B．Openedupshopsandrestaurants.C．Foundjobsonfarms. D．Joinedthegoldrush.3．Wherewouldtheauthorgotomorrowevening？__D__A．ACaféinChinatown. B．TheGoldenGateBridge.C．NapaValley. D．AjazzbarintheRichmondDistrict.4．WhatisTRUEabouttheMissionDistrict？__D__A．ItistheoldestpartofMexico.B．ThepeoplelivingtherearemainlyfromChina.C．Itusedtobeaverywealthyareaofthetown.D．ItisnearthecentreofSanFrancisco.5．Fromthepassage，weknowthat__C__．A．aftertheearthquakein1906，SanFranciscoreceivedalotoffinancialsupportfromthegovernmentB．intheevening,LiLanatesomewesternfoodinaCantoneserestaurantC．in1848,over300，000peoplefromallovertheworldrushedtoSanFranciscotoseektheirfortuneD．ChineseimmigrantshadarrivedinCalifornialongbeforegoldwasdiscovered课内要点探究重点单词1．admitvi.&vt.承认vt.准许进入(或加入)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(D))典型例句Youshouldhavethecouragetoadmityourmistakes.你应当有勇气承认错误。Headmittedtakingthemoneybutpromisednevertodoitagain.他承认拿了钱，但他保证再也不做这样的事了。Theyadmittedthattheywerethenonthespot.他们承认他们当时在场。Youmustadmitthetasktobedifficult.你必须承认这项任务是艰巨的。Weadmittedhimintothesociety.我们允许他加入协会。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展admit(to)sth.承认某事admitdoing/havingdonesth.承认做(了)某事admit(tosb.)that…(向某人)承认……admit…tobe＋adj./n.承认……是……admitsb.to/into…允许某人进入……；接纳某人为……的成员eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词语积累admissionn．[C]承认，供认；[U，C]准许加入；[U]入场费applyforadmission申请加入eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①(2017·天津卷单选)SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andI__admitted__(admit)thatIhadn’t.她问我是否把书还给了图书馆，我承认我没还。②Sheadmitsto__being__(be)strictwithherchildren.她承认对自己的孩子很严厉。③(江西卷阅读)…discountsintheshopsandtherestaurants,aswellasfree__admission__(admit)totheMuseum.……免费参观博物馆，还有商店和饭店打折。④(2019·全国Ⅱ卷阅读)GordonsaystheHUNCHprogramhasanimpactoncollege__admissions__andpracticallifeskills.戈登说HUNCH项目对大学招生和实用生活技能有影响。完成句子⑤She__admittedmakingamistake__(承认犯了一个错误)yesterday.⑥Onlyticket-holders__willbeadmittedinto__thestadium.只有持票者才可以进入体育场。⑦NewscamethatWangLin__hadbeenadmittedto__PekingUniversity.传来消息说王林被北京大学录取了。2．occurvi.发生；出现eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(D))典型例句Andwhatacity—acitythatwasabletorebuilditselfaftertheearthquakethatoccurredin1906.这是一座什么样的城市，这是一座在1906年地震后得以重建的城市。(2019·北京高考)Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.如果温度再上升3摄氏度，海洋的颜色就会发生各种各样的变化。AgoodideaoccurredtomewhileIwaswatchingTV.我看电视时想到了一个好主意。Itneveroccurstohimthatheshouldmakesuchgreatsuccessinteachingcareer.他从来没有想到他竟会在教学事业中获得如此巨大的成功。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展(1)Sth.occurstosb.(想法等)浮现在某人的脑海中。Itoccurstosb.that………的念头浮现在某人的脑海中。(It作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，且that不能省略)(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.occurstosb.,sth.strikessb.,estosb.,Ithitssb.that­clause,Itstrikessb.that­clause))eq\a\vs4\al(某人突然,想起……)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))误区警示(1)occur的过去式和过去分词均为occurred，现在分词为occurring。(2)occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，主语不能为人。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))易混辨析occur，happen，takeplace，breakoutoccurvi.可指某事偶然发生，可与happen互换，但比较正式。表示“某人想到”时，用occur，后接介词tohappenvi.特指某事偶然发生。表示“某人发生了某事”，要用sth.happen(s)tosb.；happentodosth.表示“碰巧做某事”takeplace多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生，比如举办活动、发生变化等breakout多指自然灾害、战争、疾病的突然爆发以上这些表示“发生”的单词或短语都不能用于被动语态eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①(2017·江苏卷任务型阅读)Agreatdeclineinyoungworkforceislikely__tooccur__(occur)inChina，forinstance.②(2018·全国Ⅱ卷完形)HewasunconsciousandasIlookedathisface，something__occurredto__(occur)me.③(2018·天津卷阅读)Itseldomoccurredtothem__towander__(wander)abit，totakeamomenttoseewhat’saroundthem.选词填空(occur/happen/takeplace/breakout)④Theterriblewar__brokeout__in1937.⑤What__happened__toyoulastnight?⑥Whenwillthewedding__takeplace__?⑦Itsuddenly__occurred__tohimthathehadlefthiskeysintheoffice.一句多译我从来没想到你能说服他改变主意。⑧__Itneveroccurredtomethat__youcouldpersuadehimtochangehismind.(occur)⑨__Itneverstruckmethat__youcouldpersuadehimtochangehismind.(strike)3．seekvt.&vi.寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(D))典型例句Ifyouwanttoseeksuccess,youmustworkhard.你如果想谋求成功，就必须努力工作。Shemanagedtocalmhimdownandseekhelpfromaneighbour.她设法使他平静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。HeisgoingtoCanadatoseekhisfortune.他将要去加拿大寻找发财机会。Wearealwaysseekingtoimproveproductivity.我们一直在设法提高生产效率。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展(1)seek(for)sth./sb.寻找某物/某人seek…fromsb.向某人请求……seekone’sfortune外出寻找发财机会，外出闯荡seektodosth.(＝trytodosth.)试图做某事，设法做某事seekthrough搜查遍(2)hide-and-seek捉迷藏；躲猫猫eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①Legaladviceshould__besought__(seek)beforeyoutakeanyfurtheraction.②Thefarmersseek__toharvest__(harvest)allthecropsbeforeitrains.③Somethingsuspiciouswasfoundaftertheroomwassought__through__．完成句子④Theyareplaying__hide-and-seek__(捉迷藏)．⑤Tobefrank，I__havesoughtthrough__(已经找遍)mybedroomtwice.⑥Whenintrouble,youcan__seekadvicefromyourteacher__(向你的老师征求建议)．4．claimvt.夺取(生命)；宣称；断言；索取n．声明；断言；索赔eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(D))典型例句Thefloodclaimedhundredsoflives.水灾夺走了数百人的生命。Theyclaimtohavediscoveredacureforthedisease.他们声称已经发现了治疗此病的一种药物。Buythespecialsuppliesforthecompany,andclaimbacktheircost.先垫钱替公司买这些特殊用品，然后再把花的钱支出来。Itisclaimedthathefoundthemoneyintheforest.据说他在森林里找到了那笔钱。Hisclaimtoownthehouseisvalid.他所持的拥有这所房子的主张是有效的。Lasttimewemadeaclaimonourinsurance,theypaidupreallyquickly.上次我们依据保险提出索赔时，他们赔付得很快。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展claimtodosth.声称做某事claimsth.back要回某物claimdamages要求损害赔偿claimsb.’slife要了某人的命；夺去某人的生命Itisclaimedthat…据称……makeaclaim索赔makewildclaimsabout对……夸下海口makeaclaimfor/on/to…对……提出请求或要求eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练写出下列句中claim的含义①Thegovernmentwouldnotevenconsiderhisclaimformoney.__索赔__②Theyreturnedtoclaimwhatwastheirs.__索取__③Anundergroundorganizationhasclaimedresponsibilityforthebombexplosion.__声称__单句语法填空④She__claimed__(claim)damagesfromthecompanyfortheinjuryshehadsuffered.⑤Hemadewild__claims__(claim)aboutcuringcancer.⑥Youcanmake__a__claimonyourinsurancepolicy.⑦Itisclaimed__that__humornotonlyaffectspatients’moods,butcanactuallyhelpthemrecoverfaster.5．seriesn．一系列；连续；接连eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(D))典型例句Therewasaseriesofbangsastheboxfelldownthestairs.箱子掉下楼梯时发出了一连串响声。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展aseriesof一连串的；一系列的aTVseries一部电视连续剧eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))误区警示(1)series属于单复数同形的单词，类似的单词还有means,species,works(工厂)，deer,fish,sheep等。(2)“aseriesof＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数，但“these/thoseseriesof＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Aseriesoflecturesisscheduled.一系列演讲已安排好了。Twoseriesoflecturesarescheduled:oneforexpertsandoneforlaypeople.两套演讲已安排好了：一套为专业人员，一套为非专业人员。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练完成句子①(2018·江苏卷阅读)Inthe1760s，MathurinRozeopened__aseriesof__(一系列)shopsthatboastedaspecialmeatsoupcalledconsommé.②There__was__aseriesofcaraccidentsatthecrossingthismorning.今天早晨在十字路口发生了一连串的交通事故。③Thestaristostarin__atelevisionseries__(电视连续剧)onextremesports.单句语法填空④Shegave__a__seriesoflecturesatWarwickUniversitylastyearoncontemporaryBritishwriters.⑤He’shadaseries__of__badlypaidjobs.6．escapev．&n．逃走；逃脱；避开；被忘掉eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(D))典型例句Heescapedfromprisonlastweek,andhasbeenontheruneversince.他上星期越狱逃跑，从那以后一直东逃西窜。Thebirdwasluckytoescapebeingcaught.那只鸟很幸运，躲过了捕杀。Heluckilyescapeddeathinthisaircrash.他在这次空难中幸免于难。Nodetailescapedhisnotice.没有一个细节他没有注意到。Wehadanarrowescapewhenthecarturnedover.汽车翻车时我们死里逃生。Thethiefmadehisescapeforthedoorwhenhespottedthepoliceman.小偷一看见警察就向门口逃跑了。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展escapefrom…从……逃跑escapebeingdone没有被做……；逃脱被做……escapedeath死里逃生escapeone’sattention/notice逃过某人的注意haveanarrowescape死里逃生makeone’sescape逃跑eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))学法点拨narrowlyescape与haveanarrowescape均可表示“侥幸逃脱”，其中escape分别是动词和名词。熟词生义：escapevi.(气体、液体等)漏出；vt.被忘掉，被忽视，未被注意(不用于被动语态)preventheatfromescaping阻止散热escapeone’sattention/notice逃过某人的注意Hisnameescapesme.我记不起他的名字了。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①Inordertoescape__beingcaught__(catch)，thethiefattemptedtohidehimselfamongthetreesbutfailed.②Didhehave__a__narrowescapefromthebigfive?③Henarrowlyescaped__from__thetraincrashwithoutinjuries.④Theyranawayfromtheguardsandthreeofthem__escaped__(escape)．⑤Noonecanescape__punishment/beingpunished__(punish)ifhebreaksthelaw.完成句子⑥(北京卷阅读)Fortunately，Natalie’sfamily__escapedto__Brooklynshortlybeforethecity’sbridgesclosed.幸运的是，娜塔莉的家人在城市的桥停止使用前不久逃到了布鲁克林。⑦Wewereluckytoescape__beingcaught__intherain.我们很幸运，没有被雨淋着。⑧__There’snoescapingthefactthat__workhasprofoundeffectsonemotionsandhealth.毫无疑问，工作会对情绪和健康产生深远的影响。⑨Thelittlegirl__hadanarrowescape__whentheearthquakehappened.地震发生时，那个小女孩死里逃生。⑩(浙江卷写作)Comparedwith__theescapeddriver__，IamproudofwhatIdid.与那个逃逸的司机相比，我为我所做的事感到骄傲。重点短语1．liein在于eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展liedown躺下lieonone’sback/side/stomach仰卧/侧卧/俯卧lieawake躺着睡不着；醒着躺在那里比较lie与lay原形词性词义过去式过去分词现在分词liev.撒谎liedliedlyinglievi.躺；在于laylainlyinglayvt.放置；下蛋；提出laidlaidlayingeq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练用lie的适当形式填空①(2018·江苏卷阅读)TheattractionoftheCloistersmuseumandgardens__lies__inthefactthatitscollectionsdatefromtheMiddleAges.修道院艺术博物馆的吸引力在于它的收藏品追溯到中世纪这一事实。②Theboy__lying__onthegrass__lied__thathiscock__laid__anegg.躺在草坪上的那个男孩撒谎说他的公鸡下了一个蛋。③(2019·全国Ⅱ卷阅读)However，ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivation__lies__?然而，如果其他人在这个过程中受益，而我也得到了一些奖励，我的动机是什么真的重要吗？2．usedtodosth.过去常常做某事(暗指现在不做了)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(D))典型例句Iusedtogotothecinemaalot.我以前常去看电影。Thereusedtobelowanddirtyhouses.那里曾是一些又矮又脏的房舍。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津usedto有两个否定形式和两个疑问形式。一种直接使用used；一种借助于助动词did，如下：否定形式：usednottodo＝usedn’ttododidnotusetodo＝didn’tusetodo疑问形式：Used＋主语＋to＋动词原形…?Did＋主语＋use＋to＋动词原形…?Usedyourfathertodrinkalot?你父亲曾经喝酒很多吗？Didn’theusetodrivetowork?他过去不曾开车上班吗？eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))易混辨析usedtodosth.,beusedto(doing)sth.,beusedtodosth.usedtodosth.表示“过去常常做某事”，指过去习惯性的动作或经常存在的状态beusedto(doing)sth.表示“习惯于(做)某事”，其中to为介词，后接(动)名词beusedtodosth.表示“被用来做某事”，为被动语态Mr.WhiteusedtoliveinChina,soheisusedtoChinesedishes.怀特先生过去住在中国，所以习惯吃中国菜。Bamboocanbeusedtobuildhouses.竹子可用来建造房屋。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①Iused__tovisit__(visit)thegallerywheretheartworksbyprofessionalpaintersweredisplayed.②Woodisoftenused__tomake__(make)desksandchairs.③Sheisusedto__living__(live)inthecountrysidenow.④Mygrandparentsareused__to__thelifeinthedowntown.完成句子⑤(2017·全国Ⅲ卷阅读)“This__usedtobe__thecenteroftown，”hesaid.“这曾经是城镇的中心，”他说。⑥(2018·全国Ⅱ卷语法填空)Animportantpartofitscorn__isusedtofeed__(feed)chickens,pigs,andcattle.(中国的)玉米的一个重要作用是喂鸡、猪和牛。⑦Accordingtothepassage,humanbeings__areusedtoliving__(live)inthedaylight.根据这篇文章可知，人类习惯于生活在日光中。3．bringabout导致；引起eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(D))典型例句ManynewchangeshavebeenbroughtaboutinChina’sindustry.中国的工业已产生许多新的变化。TheaccidentwasbroughtaboutbyJohn’scarelessness.这场事故是由于约翰的粗心造成的。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展bringback带回；使回忆起某事；使恢复bringdown使……降低；使……倒下bringin引入；赚得；挣得bringout显现出；使发挥bringup养育；抚养；教育；提出；呕吐eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①Bornintoafamilywiththreebrothers,Davidwasbrought__up__tovaluethesenseofsharing.②Scientistssaythatmanyfactorsbring__about__thechangesintheweather.用bring的相关短语完成句子③Themostimportantthingtothecompanyisto__bringin__newequipment.④Being__broughtup__inapoorfamilymadeTomverydiligent(勤勉地)whenhewasstillyoung.⑤However,carsalso__bringabout__somanyproblemsforpeople,whichshouldbegivenmoreattentionthananytimebefore.⑥Ishall__bringup__thisquestionatthenextmeeting.⑦Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsaw__broughtback__mychildhoodmemories.⑧WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas__broughtout__thebestinherasadoctor.重点句型1．ItislikelythatNativeAmericansmovedtoCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.美洲土著居民很可能在至少一万五千年前迁往加州。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。Itislikelythat…有可能……(2)该句型中It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。Itislikelythatwehavemetbefore.我们可能以前见过。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展(1)表示“可能……”的其他常用句式sb./sth.belikelytodosth.某人/某物可能会做某事Itispossibleforsb.todosth.某人有可能做某事Itispossible/probablethat…有可能……(2)notlikely绝不可能，才不呢(表示强烈反对)Ifyoucanfindsuitablelearningmethods,yourlearningefficiencyislikelytoimprove.如果你能找到合适的学习方法，学习效率就可能会提高。Itispossibleforhimtoaccomplishthetask.他有可能完成这项任务。特别注意只有likely可以用真正的人或物作主语，possible和probable一般用于it作形式主语而真正的主语在后置的句型中。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))易混辨析possible，probable，likelypossible强调客观上有可能，但实际上可能性很小Itispossiblethat…或Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.probable指有根据，合情理。表示“大概，很可能”。语气比possible重要，是mostlikely之意Itisprobablethat…likely是常用词，指“从表面迹象来看很有可能”Itislikelythat…或sb./sth.belikelytodo…eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①Itislikely__that__youcouldsufferfrombadhealthifyoukeepsmoking.②Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you’llbelesslikely__tobring__(bring)yourworkhome.③Itispossibleforhim__togo__(go)toPekingUniversityifhestudiesharderandharder.同义句转换④Ourheadmasterislikelytogotravellingwithus.→__Itislikelythat__ourheadmasterwillgotravellingwithus.2．Iwalkedaroundlookingatthestreetartforafewhours.我在街上转了几个小时，欣赏街头艺术。(1)句式分析：这是一个简单句。使用了主谓结构。(2)lookingatthestreetart为现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示伴随，表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生，但与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系。Ihaveaverybusylifewithnotimetositaroundfeelingsorryformyself.我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。Laughingandtalking,theywentbackhome.他们有说有笑，回到了家。Hesatatthetable,readingamagazine.他坐在桌子旁，读着一本杂志。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①Tonylentmethemoney,__hoping__(hope)thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.②Allnightlonghelayawake,__thinking__(think)oftheproblem.句型转换③Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,andwaitedfortheirnewteacher.→Allthestudentssatintheclassroom,__waitingfortheirnewteacher__．④Theyoungmanheldatorchinhishand,andclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower.→__Holdingatorchinhishand__,__theyoungmanclimbeduptothetopoftheclocktower.3．Inthesameyear，goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco，whichstartedagoldrush.同年，在旧金山附近发现了黄金，这引起了淘金热。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是goldwasdiscoverednearSanFrancisco，whichstartedagoldrush是which引导的非限制性定语从句。(2)which引导非限制性定语从句eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(①置于先行词之后，通常不置于句首,②先行词既可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句或主句,的部分内容，是整个主句时从句谓语动词用单数形式,③which有“这/那，这/那一点”之意))Theseappletrees,whichIplantedthreeyearsago,havenotproducedanyfruits.这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。(which指代theseappletrees)Johnpassedtheexam,whichmadehisparentsveryhappy.约翰通过了考试，这使他的父母很高兴。(which指代整个主句)Hesaidthathehadneverseenherbefore,whichwasnottrue.他说他以前从没见过她，这不是真的。(which指代主句中的宾语从句)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(S))思维拓展as引导非限制性定语从句eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(①位置灵活，可置于句首、句中和句末,②先行词不可以是一个词，通常是整个主句,③as有“正如，如同”的意思，表示依据、评论、态度、看,法等,④常和以下动词一起使用：know，say，expect，,suggest，report等))Sheislateagain,aswasexpected.她又迟到了，正如预料的那样。(位于句末)Aswehadexpected,Tompassedthedrivingtest.正如我们预料的那样，汤姆通过了驾照考试。(位于句首)Globalwarming,asweallknow,hascausedalotofnaturaldisasters.众所周知，全球变暖已经引发了很多自然灾害。(位于句中)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(J))即学即练单句语法填空①Sheandherfamilybicycletowork，__which__helpsthemkeepfit.②Thenumberofsmokers，__as__isreported，hasdroppedby17percentinjustoneyear.③I’vebeentoLondon，__which__isabeautifulcity.随堂达标验收Ⅰ．单词拼写1．Whencaughtbythepoliceonthespot,she__admitted__(承认)havingdriventhecarwithoutinsurance.2．Fromthefrightenedlookonherface，Icanstatequite__definitely__(肯定)sheisscaredtorideahorse.3．Asharpdeclineinyoungworkforceislikelyto__occur__(发生)inthatarea.4．Evenifitrainedintheafternoon,wewent__downtown__(往市中心)andfilledthecartwithfruitsandvegetables.5．TheywereappointedasUnitedNationsinvestigatorsandundertookafact-finding__mission__(使命)inthisdistrict.6．Accordingtoreports,the__district__(地区)courtrejectedhisdemandsbecausethedrugwasunsafe.7．Shakespearecreatedmany__comic__(喜剧的)charactersinTheMerchantofVenice,whichbecameverypopularafterithadbeenpublished.8．__Afterwards__(以后)，fearoftheresponsibilitywouldmakeherfeelalmostfaint.9．Fortheimmigrants,theycannotverywellavoidmentioningcertain__historical__(历史的)facts.10．Wefinallyinsistedthathe__seek__(寻求)thehelpofhisphysician.Ⅱ．选词填空onamission,behometo,bringabout,makeaclaim,selectfrom,headto,seekfor,escapefrom,earnaliving，aseriesof,apartfrom,inthe/aminority1．TheysentTom__onamission__theretoreplacetheformergovernorattheendofthewar.2．They__headedto__afarawaycountryonamissionwhereawartookplace.3．Attheirleisure,manyfarmerstendtogototownsto__seekfor__employment.4．Heretiredand__earnedaliving__bysellinginsurance.5．Afterayear’scollectionandpreparation,wehaveover30beautifulillustrationsto__selectfrom__．6．Afterherhousewasstolen,she__madeaclaim__onherinsurance.7．Theteacherhasorganized__aseriesof__eventsandcompetitionsforhisstudentsintuition.8．Itwasadifficulttime.__Apartfrom__everythingelse,wehadfinancialproblems.9．Whentheworldfinancialcenteropensitsdoorstothepublicnextspring,Asiawill__behometo__eightofthe10tallestbuildingsintheworld.10．Fromonlineresponses,itseemsthatthesepeoplewhofavorthegarbagesortingarenot__inthe/aminority__．11．Thebaby’smother__escapedfrom__thefirealongwithtwootherchildreninthemidnight.12．Hissuccess__wasbroughtabout__byhardworkandgoodfortune.Ⅲ．课文语法填空根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AftervisitingtheRedwoodForestandthewinecountryofNapaValley,I__1.definitely__(definite)feltpleasedtobebackinSanFrancisco,wheretherearemanybeautifuloldbuildings—many__2.sitting__(sit)ontopofbigmountains,offeringgreat__3.views__(view)ofthecityandtheocean.Inthemorning,IwalkedaroundthedowntownintheMissionDistrict,appreciat