系动词和情态动词8

专题8系动词和情态动词┃考点直击

┃【考纲解读】考点课标要求命题预测系动词掌握系动词的基本用法。考查seem,become,look,smell,taste等系动词的用法。情态动词掌握情态动词的用法。考查情态动词may，can,must,could，might，need等的基本用法。(1)系动词不能单独使用，后面必须跟表语。(2)情态动词须和动词原形连用构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。常见考点如下：1系动词的用法系动词后常跟形容词作表语。常考系动词词义例句become成为，变得HebecameinterestedinEnglish.他对英语产生了兴趣。get变得Igotveryangry.我很生气。turn变得Thetreesturngreeninspring.树在春天变绿。grow渐渐变得，逐渐成为Itwasgrowingdark.天渐渐黑了。keep保持Keepquiet,please.Thebabyissleeping.请保持安静，孩子在睡觉。seem似乎，好像Itseemsright.它好像是对的。feel感到，摸起来Thecoatfeelsverysoft.这件外套摸起来很柔软。look看起来Yourmotherlooksyoung.你妈妈看上去很年轻。smell闻起来Theflowerssmellnice.这些花闻起来很香。sound听起来TheEnglishsongsoundswonderful.这首英文歌听起来很棒。taste尝起来Thesouptastesdelicious.汤尝起来很美味。【典例1】—Oh,I'mhungry,Mom.CanIhavethehamburgerontheplate?—You'dbetternot.Ittastes________．A．terribleB．terriblyC．goodD．well[解析]A

taste是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，排除B、D。根据否定词not，可排除C。故选A。【典例2】—Wherewouldyouliketospendyourholiday?—Athome.I________goodwhenIstaywithmyfamily.A．smellB．feelC．tasteD．sound[答案]B2情态动词的分类及用法(1)表示“能，会”的情态动词：can,could,beabletocan只能现在和过去两种时态；could表示过去的能力或表示语气很委婉。beableto与can同义，但前者有不同的形式，可用于多种时态。(2)表示“可能性”的情态动词：can,could，may,might,mustmust表示可能性很大的推测；could,may,might表示不太肯定的推测，might的可能性小；can用来表示推测时，只能用于否定句和疑问句中，表示某事肯定不真实。如：Hemustbeathomenow.他现在必定在家。ShemightbefromGuilin,butI'mnotsure.她可能来自桂林，但我不确定。Hecan'tbeintheoffice,forthelightisout.他不可能在办公室里，因为灯熄了。(3)表示“意愿”的情态动词：shall,will,wouldshall,will,would作情态动词时，多用于疑问句中。shall常用于第一人称，表示提出或征求意见；will,would用于第二三人称，表示请求或建议，would比will语气更委婉。如：Willyousendthisletterforme,please?请你替我把这封信寄出去好吗？Wouldyoulikeacupofcoffee?你想要一杯咖啡吗？WhereshallImeetyou？我们将在哪里见面？(4)表示“责任，义务，需要”的情态动词：must,haveto,should,need①must,haveto都有“必须”之意，must多强调主观原因，haveto强调客观原因，表示“不得不”。mustn't表示“禁止”，尤其要注意的是“MustI…？”的否定答语为“No,youneedn't.”或“No,youdon'thaveto.”。②should表示义务、责任，意为“应该”。③need作情态动词时，意为“需要”，常用于否定句、疑问句中。需要注意的是，“NeedI…？”的肯定回答为“Yes,youmust.”。如：—Mom,mustIfinishallthehomeworktoday？妈妈，今天我必须完成所有的作业吗？—Yes,youmust.是的，你必须(今天完成)。—No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.不，你不必(今天完成)。【典例3】—Excuseme,wherearewegoingtohaveourclassmeeting?—I'mnotsure.Askourmonitor,please.He________know.A．canB．mayC．needD．shall[答案]B【典例4】Toeveryone'ssurprise,Tom________playchessverywellwhenhewasonlyfour.A．might

B．shouldC．would

D．could[解析]D句意：使大家吃惊的是，汤姆4岁的时候就会下国际象棋了。could为can的过去式，表示“能，会”。故选D。

┃考点过关┃(

)1.—Iforgottobringmydictionary.CouldIuseyours?—Yes,you________.A．canB．MustC．couldD．shouldAcould引导一般疑问句，表示委婉的请求，而对其进行肯定回答时通常用can。故选A。(

)2.Mom,whatareyoucooking?It____sosweet.A．tastesB．FeelsC．soundsD．smells(

)3.You______driveyourcarsofast.It'sverydangerous.A．wouldn'tB．shouldn'tC．couldn'tD．mightn'tDB(

)4.—ShallwegoforapicnicintheparkthisSaturday?—Oh,that________good.A．feelsB．LooksC．tastesD．soundsD(

)5.—Susanhasboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.—It________beveryexpensive.Ineverevendreamaboutit.A．mustB．MightC．can'tD．shouldn'tA根据答语中“Ineverevendreamaboutit”可推断这个房子“必定”是昂贵的。故选A。(

)6.—MayIgoswimmingalonethisafternoon,Dad?—No,you________.Itisdangerous.A．needn'tB．couldn'tC．can'tD．maynotC(

)7.—Istheoldmanwalkinginthehallwayourheadmaster?—It________behim.Hecomestoschooltoseeuseverymorning.A．can'tB．mustn'tC．needn'tD．mustD(

)8.Youhavealreadytriedyourbest,soyou________worryaboutit.A．can'tB．mustn'tC．needn'tD．couldn't

C根据“你已经尽力了”可知，后半句的句意应该是“你不需要为这件事担心”。needn't表示“不需要”。(

)9.—________Ismokehere?—I'msorry.Look!Thesignsayspeople________smokehere.A．Can;mustB．Must;mustn'tC．May;canD．Can;mustn't

D根据情境，第一空表示请求许可，可用may或can,第二空表示绝对禁止，用mustn't。故选D。(

)10.—Willyoupleasestayforlunch?—Sorry,I________.Mymotherwantsmebackhomenow.A．shouldn'tB．mustn't

C．can'tD．needn't

C根据答语中“我妈妈想让我现在回去”可知，“我不能在这里吃午饭”。故选C。(

)1.2014·赤峰—Doyouhaveanyplansforthisweekend?—I'mnotsure.I________goclimbingMountTai.A．mustB．needC．mayD．haveto语法专练C根据答语中“I'mnotsure”可知，表示不太肯定的推测。故用may。(

)2.2014·安顺—MustIdomyhomeworknow?—No,you________.Youmayhavearest.A．mustn'tB．needn'tC．can'tD．wouldn'tB对must引导的一般疑问句进行否定回答时用needn't。(

)3.—________Ileaveallthebookshere?—Sorry,youcan't.Youhavetotakethembackhome.A．NeedB．MustC．MayD．ShouldC表示请求别人允许自己做某事用may。故选C。(

)4.—Ican'tgiveupsmoking,doctor.—Foryourhealth,I'mafraidyou________．A．mayB．canC．couldD．havetoD根据对话的语境可知，戒烟为客观上必须要做的事，因此用haveto。故选D。(

)5.2014·荆州—Doyoulikeswimminginwinter?—Ofcourse.Thewater________abitcoldatfirst,butthenIamwarmandfullofenergy.A．feelsB．tastesC．smellsD．looksA(

)6.—Ihitatreeonthewaytomeetmyfriendattherailwaystation.—Iamsurethatyou________havebeendrivingtoofast.A．needB．should

C．willD．mustD根据对话的语境可判断，此处用must表示肯定的推测，意为“我敢肯定你一定是开车速度太快了。”故选D。(

)7.—Andy,willyouanswerthetelephone?It________beyourfather.—Sorry,I________.I'mhavingashower.A．can;mustn'tB．will;can'tC．may;can'tD．need;willC由句意可判断打电话的并不一定是Andy的父亲，所以只是一种猜测；排除B、D；又因为“我”正在洗澡，所以不能接电话，用can't。故选C。(

)8.—Whatdidtheheadteachersayatthemeeting?—Hesaid,“We________beproudofworkinghard.Wemustn'tbelazy.”A．mustB．needn't

C．mayD．can'tA句意：我们一定要以努力学习为荣，一定不要懒惰。故选A。(

)9.—Whyisonlineshoppinggettingmoreandmorepopular?—Becauseit________savealotofmoneyandtimeifitisproperlyused.A．needB．shouldC．canD．hasto

C(

)10.—I'msorryIdidn'twintherace.—Itdoesn'tmatter.Youknow,you________wineverytime.A．can'tB．mustC．shouldD．mustn'tA(

)11.2014·抚州IlovethesongbythebandWildandWindy.It________nice.A．smellsB．tastesC．feelsD．soundsD(

)12.—CouldIborrowyourmobilephone?Iwanttocallthepolice.—Yes,ofcourseyou________.A．mustB．need

C．canD．willC当could表示委婉请求时，不是can的过去式，用can来进行肯定回答。故选C。(

)13.2014·宿迁—Yourtrainers________colorful.—Yes.Andtheyarepopularamongyoungpeople.A．feelB．smellC．tasteD．lookD句意：“你的运动鞋看起来色彩艳丽。”“是的，它们很受年轻人的欢迎。”根据句意可知选D。(

)14.—Iwanttobuysomebreadforsuppernow.—Oh,you________.There'sstillsomeinthefridge.A．maynotB．mustn'tC．can'tD．needn'tD根据答句中的“There'sstillsomeinthefridge.”可知，冰箱里还有面包，因此不需要买。故选D。(

)15.—Mary,________youspeakChinese?—Yes,onlyalittle.A．mustB．needC．shouldD．canD(

)16.—Willyoursistergotoseethisfilmthisevening?—I'mnotsure.She________.S