2022届全国卷地区高考英语模拟试卷含答案缺听力 (七)

绝密★启用前

2022届全国卷地区高考英语模拟试卷7

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

第I卷（选择题）

请点击修改第I卷的文字说明

评卷人得分

------------------一、阅读理解（共15题，每题2分，共30分）

Asimplesigncansaveyouanddriversmanythousandsofdollars.Make

driversawareofparkingrisksinunsafeorinsecureareas.Use〃ParkAtYour

OwnRisk"signstopreventaccidents,explaindamage,andreduceyourliability

(责任).

Description:

Offerawarningforspacesonyourlotandprotectyourselffromliability.

Thisclearreminderisahelpfulmessageinanyparkingarea.

•Availableintwosizes:7”义10〃or10”X14〃

•Madeofthreekindsofmaterials:pressure-sensitivevinyl,plasticor

aluminum

Price:

Startaslowas$9.50each.

7〃X10〃Pressure-sensitivevinyl

7“X10"Plastic(Add$1.50)

7〃X10〃Aluminum(Add$7.20)

Size&

10〃X14〃Pressure-sensitivevinyl(Add

Construction

$2.00)

10〃X14"Plastic(Add$7.30)

10"X14"Aluminum(Add$12.30)

Benefits:

•Promotingsafetywithsignswhichareinagreementwithrulessetby

theOccupationalSafetyandHealthAdministration(OSIIA).

•Makingitclearthatyourpolicypromotessafetyfirst.

•Settingthetone(风格)foracleanandaccident-freeworking

environment.

•Communicatingtheimportanceofavoidingaccidents.

•Beingcommittedtoimprovingconditionsforworkers.

1.WhatdoDescriptionandPricetellusaboutthesign?

A.Itcomesinsixdifferentforms.B.Plasticsignsarethecheapest.

C.ItisareminderofdrivingD.Pricesvaryfrom$9.50to

dangers.$12.30.

2.Inwhichwaycanthesignbebeneficial?

A.Avoidingaccidentalmoneydamage.

B.Ensuringasafeworkingenvironment.

C.PromotingpeopleJsawarenessofsafety.

D.Providingwaysofavoidingaccidents.

3.Whattypeofwritingisthepassage?

A.Awarning.B.Anadvertisement.

C.Aregulation.D.Anotice.

TodayweknowAntarcticaasanextremeenvironmentcontainingiceandsnow.

Butnewresearchprovidesevidencethattheareahadarainforestinthepast.

TheresearcherscollectedapieceofEarthsediment（沉淀物）fromunderthe

seaflooroffthecoastofAntarctica.Inthesediment,theydiscoveredforest

materialthatwasestimatedtobeabout90millionyearsold.Thiswouldhave

beenintheCretaceousPeriod,whendinosaurswerethemainlandanimals.The

sedimentwasremovedbyscientistsontheresearchicebreakerRVPolarsternin

theAmundsenSeanearPineIslandGlacier.

JohannKlagesisageologistwiththeAlfredWegenerInstitute,Helmholtz

CenterforPolarandMarineResearchinGermany.Hewastheleadwriterofa

studyonthefindings,publishedinthejournalNature.Hesaidthesediment

wascollectedfromadepthofabout30metersbelowtheoceanfloor.Klages

saidanexaminationshowedthatthematerialdidn,tformintheocean.

Theresearchersestimatethatthearea—about900kilometersfromthe

SouthPole一hadaverageyearlytemperaturesofabout12to13degreesCelsius.

Duringthewarmestsummermonths,averagetemperatureslikelyreachedbetween

20and25degreesCelsius.Thesoilincludedfinedirtparticles（颗粒）andhard

clay,aswellassubstanceslinkedtoatleast65differentkindsofplants,

thestudyfound,Klagesaddedthattheplantsincludedtrees,fernsand

floweringplants,Whilenoanimalremainswerefound,Klagessaidtherewere

likelydinosaurs,flyingreptiles（爬彳亍动物）andmanyinsectsintheenvironment.

TheresearchrepresentsnewevidenceofthemajorclimatechangesEarthhas

experiencedinthepast—andiscurrentlyundergoingtoday.Thesoilinthe

sedimentdatesbacktotheplanet,swarmestperiodofthepast140million

years,withsealevelabout170metershigherthantoday.Theresearcherssaid

thattherainforestenvironmentinAntarcticawasespeciallysurprisingbecause

eachyear,theareaexperiencesafour-monthpolarnightwhenthereisno

sunlighttofuelplantlife.Klagessaidnoicesheetswerepresentduringthe

time,butseasonalsnowfallwaslikely.

4.Howdidtheresearcherscometotheirfindings?

A.Bycollectingdataonclimate.B.Byresearchingspecialplants.

C.ByexploringiceinAntarctica.D.ByanalyzingtheEarthsediment.

5.Whatdidtheresearcherssayaboutthesediment?

A.Itsmaterialdevelopedintheocean.

B.Itsmaterialformedontheland.

C.ItdatesbacktocoldtimesinAntarctica.

D.Itcontaineddifferentanimalremains.

6.Whatdoestheauthorindicateinthelastparagraph?

A.Therewereicesheets140millionyearsago.

B.Seasonalsnowfallmadetheforestdisappear.

C.Antarctica,snaturalenvironmenthaschangedgreatly.

D.PolarnightsinAntarcticaaregettingshorterthanbefore.

7.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?

A.Antarcticaisgettingratherwarmerlikebefore.

B.VariouswildlifeonceexistedinAntarctica.

C.Antarcticahadquiteadifferenthistoryofclimate.

D.ResearchersstudythesecretsofAntarctica.

Facialrecognitioncameintoplaylastmonthwhenasuspectarrestedin

Annapolis,Maryland,couldnotimmediatelybeidentifiedusingfingerprints.

〃Wewouldhavebeenmuchlongerinidentifyinghimandbeingabletopush

forwardtheinvestigationhaditnotbeenforthatsystem,saidpolicechief

TimothyAltomare.

Facialrecognitionisplayinganincreasingroleinlawenforcement（执行）

andotherpurposesintheUSandaroundtheworld.Whilemostobserversagree

thatfacialrecognitionhasitsownadvantages,thetechnologycausesfearsof

a〃BigBrother"surveillance（监视）state.

Agrowingfearisthatlawenforcementwillusefacialrecognitionin

“realtime"throughpilotlessaircraft,bodycamerasanddashcams."Thereal

concernispoliceidentifyingalmosteveryAmericanatwillandwithout

permissionwithbodycameras,saidMatthewFeeney,anexpertattheCato

Institute."Thistechnologyisofcourseimprovingbutit'snotasaccurateas

youthink.〃

Somesayfacialrecognitionshouldnotbeusedbylawenforcementbecause

ofthepossibilitiesoferrorsandmisuse."ThoughIhaveapersonalconnection

tothetechnology,bothculturallyandsocially,Ithinkfacialrecognition-

poweredgovernmentsurveillanceisaslipperyslope（危险的境地）tolosing

controlofouridentitiesaltogether,saidBrianBrackeen,CEOofthefacial

recognitionsoftwaredeveloperKairos.

AGeorgetownstudyfoundfacialrecognitionwas5to10percentless

accurateonAfricanAmericansthanwhitepeople.Microsoftannouncedithad

madesignificantimprovementsinfacialrecognitionacrossskincolors.While

moreaccuratefacialrecognitionisgenerallywelcomed,somegroupssay

specificpolicysafeguardsshouldbeinplace.

JenniferLynch,alawyerwiththeElectronicFrontierFoundation,saidthe

possibleeffectsofpolicesurveillancearesignificant."Aninaccuratesystem

willinvolvepeopleincrimestheydidnotcommit.Anddefendantswillhaveto

showthattheyarenotwhothesystemsaystheyare.Thereareuniquerisksof

misuseofthisdata,becausewecan'tchangeourfaces.〃

8.WhatroledoesfacialrecognitionplayaccordingtoTimothyAltomare?

A.Amonitor.B.Ahelper.C.Aprotector.D.Asearcher.

9.WhatisMatthewFeeney'srealconcernaboutfacialrecognition?

A.ItcanbemisusedinAmerica.B.Ithasn'tbeenfullydeveloped.

C.IthasverylimitedD.Itmayviolatepeople,s

possibilities.privacy.

10.WhyisBrianBrackeenagainstusingfacialrecognitionforlawenforcement?

A.Itisoflittleculturalimportance.

B.Itdoesn,thaveawideuse.

C.Itwillputthewholenationatrisk.

D.Itisagainstgovernmentsurveillance.

11.WhatcanbelearnedfromJenniferLynch'swords?

A.ShehasnoconfidenceinMicrosoft'sefforts.

B.Facialrecognitionisanall-purposetechnology.

C.Thesystemmaymistakeinnocentsforcriminals.

D.Criminalsknowhowtogetawayfromthesystem.

Dujiangyanistheoldestman-madewatersystemintheworld,andawonder

inthedevelopmentofChinesescience.Builtover2,200yearsagoinwhatis

nowSichuanProvinceinSouthwestChina,thisamazingengineeringachievement

isstillusedtodaytoirrigateover6,000squarekilometresoffarmland,take

awayfloodwaterandprovidewaterfor50citiesintheprovince.

Inancienttimes,theregioninwhichDujiangyannowstandssufferedfrom

regularfloodscausedbyoverflowfromtheMinjiangRiver.Tohelpthevictims

oftheflooding,LiBing,theregion,sgovernor,togetherwithhisson,

decidedtofindasolution.Theystudiedtheproblemanddiscoveredthatthe

rivermostoftenoverflowedwhenwintersnowatthetopofthenearbyMount

Yuleibegantomeltastheweatherwarmed.

Thesimplestfixwastobuildadam,butthiswouldhaveruinedthe

MinjiangRiver.Soinstead,Lidesignedaseriesofchannelsbuiltatdifferent

levelsalongMountYuleithatwouldtakeawaythefloodwaterwhileleavingthe

riverflowingnaturally.Betterstill,theextrawatercouldbedirectedtothe

dryChengduPlain,makingitsuitableforfarming.

CuttingthechannelsthroughthehardrockofMountYuleiwasaremarkable

accomplishmentasitwasdonelongbeforetheinventionofgunpowderand

explosives.LiBingfoundanothersolution.Heusedacombinationoffireand

watertoheatandcooltherocksuntiltheycrackedandcouldberemoved.After

eightyearsofwork,the20-metre-widecanalswerecarvedthroughthemountain.

Oncethesystemwasfinished,nomorefloodsoccurredandthepeoplewereable

tolivepeacefullyandaffluently.Today,Dujiangyanisadmiredbyscientists

fromaroundtheworldbecauseofonefeature—unlikemoderndamswherethe

waterisblockedwithahugewall,Dujiangyanstillletswaterflowthroughthe

MinjiangRivernaturally,enablingecosystemsandfishpopulationstoexistin

harmony.

12.WhatarethebenefitsofDujiangyanaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

A.Reducingfloodingandwateringfarmland.

B.Protectingthemountainandreducingflooding.

C.Wateringfarmlandandimprovingwaterquality.

D.Dryingtheriverandsupplyingcitieswithwater.

13.WhatwasthemaincauseoftheMinjiangRiver'sflooding?

C.LowriverD.Steep

A.Heavyrain.B.Meltingsnow.

banks.mountains.

14.HowwasLiBingabletobreaktherocksofMountYulei?

A.Byusinggunpowder.

B.Byfloodingtherockswithwater.

C.Byapplyingaheatingandcoolingtechnique.

D.Bybreakingtherockswithhammersandspades.

15.WhyisDujiangyangreatlyadmiredbyscientiststoday?

A.Itpreservesmuchofthenaturalriverlife.

B.Ittookverylittletimetocompletetheproject.

C.Thebuildingtechniquesusedwereverymodern.

D.Ithasraisedthelivingstandardofthelocalpeople.

评卷人得分

------------------二、七选五（共5题，每题2分，共10分）

Bringingapetintoafamilywithsmallchildrenaroundisnotadecision

totakelightly.Manyparentsareconcernedaboutthehealthandsafetyofthe

kidswithpetsaround.16

Kidswithpetslikedogsgooutsidemoreoftenfordailywalks,exercise

andhavemoreplaytimewiththem.17Otherstudiesfoundsimilarresults

withdisabledchildrenandthatpetscanhelpthemtodealwiththe

condition.

Kidsgrowingupwithpetscanbetaughtresponsibility.Expertsexplained

inanarticlehowadoptingapetintoafamilywithkidscanteachyounghumans

responsibility.18Feedingandcaringforapetencourageschildrento

learnthevalueofresponsibility.

19Astudyshowedreductionofstressandanxietyinkidsofsome

familieswithpets.Afollow-upstudywithabiggersample（样本）sizeofkids

inregularhouseholdsconfirmedthepreviousconclusion.

Kidswhogetpetsoftenreadtotheirpets.20Theyalsofoundthat

readingtopetshelpschildrenmakepositiveassociationsaroundreadingout

loud.Improvingreadingmotivationimprovesreadingperformance.Thismaybe

especiallyimportantforstudentswhostruggletoreadbecausepoorreading

abilitiesarealsoassociatedwithlowreadingmotivation.

Parentsshouldpracticesafetytipsforraisingkidsandpetstogether.

Thispartnershipcanresultinchildrengrowingupmuchhealthierbothmentally

andphysically.

A.Petsrequirefood,waterandlove.

B.Childrenjustlikereadingloudtopets.

C.Researchersfoundtheirreadingimprovesclearly.

D.Studiesshowedthatkidswithpetsaremorerelaxed.

E.However,therearemanybenefitsforkidsgrowingupwiththem.

F.Parentsshouldlearnthefollowingwaystoraisekidsandpetstogether.

G.Astudyshowedthatchildrenwithpetsaroundaremorelikelytomove

more.

评卷人得分

三、完形填空（共20题，每题1.5分，共30分）

BrianTagalogwasbornwithoutarms.Butthatdidn,t21himfrom

leadinganormallife.The22youngmanbelievesheistheonlycertified

tattoo(文身)artistwithoutarmsintheworld.

A23ofHonolulu,TagalogmovedwithhisfamilytoTucson.Hehadalways

shownaninterestindrawing,andsethismindonbecominga24tattoo

artist.Notmanypeoplegavehimachance,buthe25improvedhisfoot

drawingskillsandoperatedthetattoogunwithhis26.

Brian,smotheradmitsthat27himwasnoteasy,butshealwaysmadeit

a(n)28tolethimexplorehisoptions,"ThedayIgavebirthtohim,well,

Iwasshocked,butweneverhidhim.Ididn't29himinanyway."And

perhapsthatyswhatgavehimthe30toachievehisdreams,31thevery

obviousabsenceoftwolimbs.wasbornwithoutarms,“hesaid."Butthathas

not32medowntopursuemydream.，z

Atfirst,findingashopthatwould33himprovedaverydifficultthing.

He34manytattooshopsandgotnocallsback.Hedidn'tgiveup;35,

Brianfinallyrunshisownshop.Brianusesa(n)36techniquetotattoo-

hedrawsthedesignonclients'skinwithonefoot,37usingtheotherto

stretchtheskin.Andeventuallyhistattoosalwaysturnouttogethisclients,

Brianhopeshissuccesswill39otherstofollowtheirdreamsbravely.Words

andphotosjustdon,tdoBrianTagalogjustice.Youneedtoseehim40to

witnesshowheworksonlywithhisfeet.

2LA.promoteB.preserveC.protectD.prevent

22・A.wiseB.ambitiousC.promisingD.handsome

23・A.visitorB.foreignerC.strangerD.native

24・A.professionalB.normalC.temporaryD.conservative

25.A.steadilyB.occasionallyC.effectivelyD.frequently

26.A.fingersB.toesC.mouthD.jaw

27・A.comfortingB.educatingC.raisingD.accompanying

28・A.failureB.pointC.adventureD.destination

2%A.defendB.blameC.abandonD.shelter

A.confidenceB.determinationC.freedomD.enthusiasm

31•A.apartfromB.inC.regardlessofD.despite

32・A.turnedB.calmedC.slowedD.tracked

33.A.hireB.supportC.serveD.fund

34,A.adaptedtoB.appealedtoC.attachedtoD.appliedto

35.A.otherwiseB.insteadC.stillD.however

36.A.uniqueB.funnyC.powerfulD.attractive

37.A.beforeB.ifC.whileD.unless

38.A.instructionB.admirationC.doubtD.complaint

39.A.inspireB.urgeC.requestD.advise

40.A.inresponseB.inadvanceC.inactionD.inturn

第n卷（非选择题）

请点击修改第II卷的文字说明

评卷人得分

四、语法填空（共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）

^Everythinghappensforthebest,“mymothersaid411faceddisappointment.

“42youcancarryon,onedaysomethinggoodwillhappen.〃

Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Idecidedtotryforajobinaradio

station43workmywayuptoasportsannouncer.IwenttoChicago,knocked

onthedoorofeverystation,44gotturneddowneverytime.

Inonestudio,akindladyadvisedmetogotothecountrysideandfinda

smallstation,45bigstationscouldn'triskhiringaninexperienced

person.Ireturnedtomyhometown,46wasturneddownevenwhenIapplied

forajobinasportsdepartmentofastore.Itwasn,tlong47Idecided

totrymyluckagaininanothercity.InDavenport,Iowa,theprogramdirector

ofacompanygotmebesideamicrophoneandaskedmetobroadcastanimaginary

game.

48Ibegantoworkinthecompany,Vvealwaysthoughtofmymother?s

words:"Keepontrying49somedayyousucceed.Somethingwouldn'thave

happenedifnotforthatpreviousfailure.，z50jobIlaterhavedone,I

alwaysthinkaboutwhatmymotheroncetaughtme,whichactsasmyguidelinein

life.

评卷人得分

------------------五、短文改错（共I题，每题10分，共10分）

51.Somenoteswillrememberyouhowtopresentyourideaswhenyouaregiving

aspeech.

评卷人得分

------------------六、书面表达（共1题，每题25分，共25分）

52.

假定你是李华，你和几位朋友决定周末去参观当地博物馆举办的中国传统艺术摄影展,

请给你的交换生朋友Cathy写封电子邮件,邀请她参加。内容包括：

1.时间、地点；

2.展览内容；

3.注意事项。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式作答。

DearCathy,

Yours,

LiHua

参考答案

1.A

【解析】考查细节理解。根据Price部分的表格可知，这种告示牌有六种规格（两个尺寸，每

个尺寸三种材料）。

2.C

【解析】考查推理判断。根据Benefits部分的内容可知，该告示牌旨在提高人们的安全意

识，能够提醒人们注意避免意外事件。第一段中的“Makedriversawareofparkingrisks

inunsafeorinsecureareas”也是提示。故选C。

3.B

【解析】考查文体特征。根据文中所给的告示牌的尺寸、材质以及价格等内容可知，本文是

一则商品广告。故选B。

【备注】这是一篇应用文，介绍了〃停车自担风险〃告示牌的价格、规格、好处等。

4.D

【解析】考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“Butnewresearchprovides

evidencethattheareahadarainforestinthepast”和第二段中的“The

researcherscollectedapieceofEarthsediment（沉淀物）fromundertheseafloor

offthecoastofAntarctica.Inthesediment,theydiscoveredforestmaterial

thatwasestimatedtobeabout90millionyearsold”可知，研究人员从南极洲海岸的

海床下收集到沉淀物,经过对该沉淀物的分析和研究得出结论。故答案为Do

5.B

【解析】考查推理判断的能力。根据第二段可知,该沉淀物中含有森林物质；再根据第三段

中的〃Klagessaidanexaminationshowedthatthematerialdidn,tforminthe

ocean”可知，该物质不是在海洋中形成的。再结合第四段中的〃Thesoilincludedfine

dirtparticles（颗粒）...floweringplants〃可知，沉淀物是在南极洲的陆地上形成的。

故答案为Bo

6.C

【解析】考查推理判断的能力。根据最后一段中的'Thesoilinthesedimentdates

backtotheplanet*swarmestperiodofthepast140millionyears...noice

sheetswerepresentduringthetime,butseasonalsnowfallwaslikely〃可推知，南

极洲的自然环境发生了很大的变化。故答案为C。

7.C

【解析】考查理解主旨要义的能力。第一段是文章的主题段，介绍新的研究证明南极洲过去

曾被雨林覆盖,其余段落均围绕该主题展开，由此可知,本文主要讲述的是南极洲曾经的气候

跟现在的有很大不同。故答案为C。

【备注】

【语篇类型】说明文

【主题语境】人与自然一一自然环境

【文章大意】今天我们都知道南极洲被冰雪覆盖，气候非常恶劣。但是新研究证实该地区在

过去有很大不同。

8.B

【解析】考查推理判断的能力。根据第一段中的〃Wewouldhavebeenmuchlongerin

identifyinghimandbeingabletopushforwardtheinvestigationhaditnot

beenforthatsystem”可知,TimothyAltomare认为，如果不是人脸识别系统，他们可能会

花更长时间来确认他的身份并推进调查。由此可知,他认为人脸识别技术能帮助破案,是个〃

帮手〃，故选B。

9.D

【解析】考查推理判断的能力。根据第三段中的“Therealconcernispolice

identifyingalmosteveryAmericanatwillandwithoutpermissionwithbody

cameras〃可知,真正的问题是,有了随身摄像头,警察可以在没有经过允许的情况下随意识别

几乎每个美国人的身份，由此可知,MatthewFeeney担心人脸识别技术会侵犯人们的隐私，

故选Do

10.C

【解析】考查推理判断的能力。根据第四段中的thinkfacialrecognition-powered

governmentsurveillanceisaslipperyslope（危险的境地）tolosingcontrolof

ouridentitiesaltogether”可知，BrianBrackeen认为，以人脸识别技术为主导的政府监

控会让我们彻底失去对身份的控制。由此可知,BrianBrackeen之所以反对在执法中运用

人脸识别技术是因为它可能使整个民族陷入危机,故选Co

11.C

【解析】考查理解具体信息的能力。根据最后一段中的〃Aninaccuratesystemwill

involvepeopleincrimestheydidnotcommit.Anddefendantswillhavetoshow

thattheyarenotwhothesystemsaystheyare〃可知，人脸识别的不准确会导致无辜

的人被牵涉到案件中，由此可知,人脸识别系统可能会将无辜人员误认为罪犯,故选Co

【备注】

文章探讨了人脸识别技术在执法过程中的应用及其潜在危害。

12.A

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段的第二句"Builtover2,200yearsagoinwhatis

nowSichuanProvinceinSouthwestChina,thisamazingengineeringachievement

isstillusedtodaytoirrigateover6,000squarekilometresoffarmland,take

awayfloodwaterandprovidewaterfor50citiesintheprovince〃可知，都江堰灌溉

着6000多平方千米的农田，泄洪的同时还为四川省50个城市供水。故A项正确。

【干扰项分析】B项错在〃Protectingthemountain〃，第一段并未提及此功能;C项错在

improvingwaterquality",第一段并未提及此功能;D项错在“Dryingtheriver〃，与第

一段内容无关。

13.B

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段的第三句〃Th6ystudiedtheproblemand

discoveredthattherivermostoftenoverflowedwhenwintersnowatthetopof

thenearbyMountYuleibegantomeltastheweatherwarmed”可知，岷江泛滥的原因

是天气转暖时附近山顶的积雪融化,故B项正确。

14.C

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段的第三句"Heusedacombinationoffireand

watertoheatandcooltherocksuntiltheycrackedandcouldberemoved”可知，

李冰综合使用火加热和水冷却的技术开凿岩石,故C项正确。

15.A

【解析】考查细节理解。根据第五段的最后一句"Today,Dujiangyanisadmiredby

scientistsfromaroundtheworldbecauseofonefeature—unlikemoderndams

wherethewaterisblockedwithahugewall,Dujiangyanstillletswaterflow

throughtheMinjiangRivernaturally,enablingecosystemsandfishpopulations

toexistinharmony”可知,都江堰工程至今仍然受到全世界科学家称赞的原因是该工程使

用了疏导法,让洪水从岷江自然流出，保证了生态系统和鱼群的和谐共存，故A项正确。

【干扰项分析】根据第四段的最后一句"Aftereightyearsofwork,the20-metre-wide

canalswerecarvedthroughthemountain”可知，都江堰工程花费了八年时间，故B项错

误;C项与文章第四段中的"asitwasdonelongbeforetheinventionofgunpowder

andexplosives”的表达不符;D项文章中没有提到。

【备注】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了都江堰这一水利工程。

【段意梳理】

第一段:都江堰的建造时间、地点、历史地位和作用。

第二段:都江堰的建造原因和设计者。

第三段:都江堰的设计原理和技术特点。

第四段:李冰父子综合使用了水和火从坚硬的岩石中开凿水渠。

第五段:都江堰使用的疏导洪水法受到了全世界科学家的称赞。

【难句分析】Builtover2,200yearsagoinwhatisnowSichuanProvincein

SouthwestChina,thisamazingengineeringachievementisstillusedtodayto

irrigateover6,000squarekilometresoffarmland,takeawayfloodwaterand

providewaterfor50citiesintheprovince.

分析：该句为主从复合句，whatisnowSichuanProvinceinSouthwestChina为what引

导的宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。

译文:这个令人惊叹的工程位于现今中国西南部的四川省,建造于2200多年前，现在仍然灌

溉着6000多平方千米的农田，发挥着泄洪和为该省50个城市供水的作用。

【背景知识】都江堰是世界文化遗产（在2000年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化遗产”

名录）、全国重点文物保护单位。都江堰位于四川省成都市都江堰市城西，坐落在成都平原

西部的岷江上,是蜀郡太守李冰和他儿子组织修建的大型水利工程。两千多年来都江堰一直

发挥着防洪灌溉的作用，使成都平原成为水旱从人、沃野千里的"天府之国”,是全世界迄今

为止年代最久、以无坝引水为特征的宏伟水利工程，凝聚着中国古代劳动人民的勤劳、勇敢

和智慧。

16.E

【解析】空前一句提到很多父母担心有宠物的情况下,孩子的健康和安全问题,E项与上文

形成转折关系，引出下文谈到的家里饲养宠物可以给儿童带来好处。

17.G

【解析】空前一句提到养狗这样的宠物的孩子更经常出去散步、锻炼、和宠物一起玩耍,G

项中的“childrenwithpetsaroundaremorelikelytomovemore”与此一致，同时G项

中的"Astudy”与下文中的"Otherstudies”对应。

18.A

【解析】空前提到专家在一篇文章中解释了家里养宠物是如何教孩子责任感的，空后谈到给

宠物喂食和照料宠物鼓励孩子学习责任感的价值,故选A项。A项中的“food,

water""love"和空后的"Feeding""caringfor”分别对应。

19.D

【解析】根据空后两句提到的研究可知,有宠物陪伴的孩子更放松，紧张和焦虑的情况减少。

D项中的“Studies”和空后提到的研究呼应。空后的"reductionofstressandanxiety”

和D项中的“morerelaxed〃相对应。

20.C

【解析】根据空前的〃Kidswhogetpetsoftenreadtotheirpets”和空后的〃They

alsofoundthatreadingtopetshelpschildrenmakepositiveassociations

aroundreadingoutloud.Improvingreadingmotivationimprovesreading

performance〃可推知,C项〃研究人员发现这些孩子的阅读能力明显提高了〃符合语境。空后

的"They”指代C项中的"Researchers”。

【备注】

文章讲的是儿童成长过程中有宠物陪伴的诸多好处。

21.D

【解析】但是那没有阻止他过正常的生活。preventsb.fromdoingsth.〃阻止某人做某

事〃。

22.B

【解析】这个有抱负的年轻人相信他是这个世界上唯一一个有资格证的无臂文身艺术家。

wise〃睿智的〃;ambitious〃有雄心的，有抱负的"；promising”有前途的〃；handsome"英俊的

23.D

【解析】根据后文的"movedwithhisfamilytoTucson〃可知，此处指Tagalog是一个火

奴鲁鲁的当地人。foreigner〃外国人〃；stranger〃陌生人〃；native”当地人，本地人〃。

24.A

【解析】他总是表现出在绘画方面的兴趣,并且下决心成为一名专业的文身艺术家。

professional”专业的，职业的”;normal"正常的"；temporary”暂时的〃;conservative”保守

的〃。

25.A

【解析】没有多少人给他机会，但是他不断地提升自己的脚部绘画技巧并且用自己的脚趾操

作文