2023-2024学年江苏省常州市高一上学期期中英语质量检测模拟试题（含解析）

2023-2024学年江苏省常州市高一上学期期中英语质量检测模拟试题一、听力（满分30分）略二、阅读理解AThingstodoinMiyakojimaFamousforitssunnybeachesandnaturalwonders,MiyakoIslandwelcomesmanyvisitorsduringholidays.Uniquebeachesbeauty.CompactBeachisthemostfamousbeachinMiyakojima,wherewhitesandstretchesforsevenkilometers.Theoceaniscoloredinemeraldblue,attractingvisitorswithitsbeauty.CompactSunayamaBeach,knownforitsarch-shapedrock,isaccessedbywalkingthroughanarrowtunneloftrees.Diverseandcolorfulfishfeatures.Forsamust-tryinMiyakojima.Densecoralreefs,schoolsoftropicalfish,seaturtlesandplentyofcetofreedivetodepthsof8to15metersclosetotheshorearestandoutfeatures.Forbeginners,AragusukuandShigiraareagoodchoicebutadvancedsnorkelersmayseeImgyoMarineGarden,WaiwaiBeachandShimojishimaastheirultimatespots.ThebridgesIrabuBridgeisthelongesttoll-freebridgeinJapan.ItconnectsMiyakojimaandIrabujima,stretchingfor3540m,drawingagentlecurve.Thelengthofthebridgecanalsobereadas“sangonoshima,”meaningcoralislandinJapanese.SmallerbridgesconnectIrabuandShimojiislands,givingvisitorsadditionalbeachoptions.OnShimojiIsland,thereisaboardwalkaroundTooriike,twodramaticmarinepondsconnectedtoeachotherandtheseabyanunderwatercavesystem.FreshislandfoodDelightyoursenseswithjuicy,melt-in-your-mouthMiyakobeef,deliciousMiyakosoba(noodlesservedinsoup),orfreshfruit.OkinawaprefectureboaststhehighestmangoyieldinJapan,andMiyakoIsland’swarmsubtropicalclimateisoptimalforgrowingfresh,juicymangoes.Icecreamwithapinchofsaltknownas“yukishio(snowsalt)”doesmorethansimplykeepyoucool.1．Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A．Atourbrochure. B．Aresearchpaper.C．Ageographybook. D．Anacademicarticle.2．Whichspotbestsuitspeoplewhowanttotryunderwateractivities?A．IrabuBridge. B．YonahaMaehamaBeach.C．ImgyoMarineGarden. D．CompactSunayamaBeach.3．WhichistheleastpossibleforyoutoenjoyinMiyakojima?A．Delicatecuisine. B．Attractivescenery.C．Peacefulwalking. D．Ancientarchitecture.BEightyearsago.AlNixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwithaspectacularviewofSt.Petersburg’swaterfrontinFlorida.“Icallit‘liferising’becausewatchingasunrisemakesmefeelpositiveandcenteredbeforeIstartmyday,”saysNixon,whoworksforthecity’swaterdepartment.ItisNixon’sownversionofdailymotivation.Ayearlater,awomanstoppedtosayhello,andshesaidsomethingthatchangedhisperspectiveonhisdailyritual.“Shesaid,‘Youknow,everymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere,IknowthateverythingisgoingtobeOK,’”Nixonrecalls.“ThatwaswhenIknew:Ineededtopayattentiontothepeoplewalkingpast.Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeopleknowthatwemattertoeachother.”Insteadofstaringstraightaheadatthewaterfront,Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandstrikingupconversations.Andprettysoon,morethanafewearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthebench,sometimesunburdeningthemselvesandtellinghimtheirrelationship,careerorpersonalproblems.“Iwashappytolisten.Iwantedthemtowalkawayknowingtheydidn’thavetofeellonely,”Nixon,now59,says.“Whenyou’reinyour50sand60sorbeyond,alotofpeoplefeeltheirpurposehasn’tbeenfulfilled.Atthisstageinlife,thisisdefinitelymypurpose.”So,everymorning,weatherpermitting,Nixonrisesat4:30a.m.Heputsonahat,sipsacupofcoffee,andthendrivessevenmilestothewaterfront,wherehe’llstayfortwohours.Hispresence,hisopennesstolistenandhiskindnesstowardsstrangershaveledthemtonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.Nomatterwhatproblemapersonwantstoair,Nixonlendsanear.Butsomepeoplejustsitdownanddon’twanttotalkorsharestories.Theysimplywanttositnexttosomeoneandsharethesilence.“Awomanstoppedonceandsaid,‘Ijustwanttositherewithyou,’”Nixonrecalls.“Westaredatthewaterforanhour,andthenshesaidthankyouandwalkedaway.Shejustwantedamomentofpeaceandtoknowshewasn’talone.Andinthatmoment,inthathour,onthatmorning,shetrulywasn’t.”4．WhydidNixondecidetobeginhisdayfromthebencheightyearsago?A．Todevelopahabit. B．Toseekmentalpower.C．Toenjoyseasideviews. D．Tointeractwithstrangers.5．HowmightNixonfeelafterhearingthewoman’swordsinparagraph2?A．Inspired. B．Relaxed.C．Touched. D．Worried.6．WhatdoesNixon’snicknametheSunshineMayorimply?A．Heislaughedatbyothers.B．Heisaresponsibleofficial.C．Hewarmsstrangers’hearts.D．Helikessunnydaysparticularly.7．Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A．Onehastolearntolisten.B．Noteveryoneisagoodstoryteller.C．It’snoteasytofulfilldifferentneeds.D．Silentcompanymatterstosomepeople.CIntheanimalkingdom,killerwhales(虎鲸)aresocialstars:theytravelindifferentfamilygroups,careforgrandchildren,andevenimitatehumanspeech.Now,scientistsareaddingonemorebehaviortothelist:formingfastfriendships.Anewstudyshowskillerwhalescanrivalanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandmacaques(akindofmonkey),andevenhumanswhenitcomestothekindof“socialtouch”thatisasignofstrongfriendship.Someoceananimalsmaintainsocialstructures—includingmaledolphins(海豚)thatlearnthe“names”oftheirclosefriends.Butthereislittleproofaboutwildkillerwhales.That’swheredrone(无人机)technologycamein.MichaelWeiss,abehavioralecologist,teamedupwithhisworkmatestolaunchdrones,flyingthem30to120metersaboveagroupofkillerwhales.Thatwashighenoughnottotroublethewhales,markingthefirsttimedroneshavebeenusedtostudyfriendlyphysicalcontactinwhales.Theresearchersrecordedover800examplesofphysicalcontactbetweenindividuals.Thoseincludedslipperyhugs,back-to-backandnose-to-nosetouchesbetweenpairsofwhales.Otherwhalesplayfullythrewyoungwhalesintotheair,lettingthemfallintothewater.Besides,thedronepicturesshowedclearpreferencesamongindividuals,usuallyforone“bestfriend”ofthesamesexandage.TakeJ49andJ51—twodistantlyrelatedyoungmalesaged9and6—forexample.“Everytimeyouseeagroupofwhales,thosetwoarerighttherecommunicatingwitheachother,”Weisssays.Theyoungledmostoftheseinteractions,ratherthantheolderfemalesormales.Oldermalesinparticularwerelessimportant.“Theyoungindividualsreallyseemtobetheglue(胶水)holdingthegroupstogether,Weisssays.Asindividualsage,thisgraduallossof“centrality”isknowninmanysocialmammals,includinghumans.Thatfindingis“especiallyappealing”tobiologicalanthropologistStaceyTecot,whodidn’tjoininthestudy.“Scientistshavelongobservedthissocialagingtrendinanimals,buttherearestillmanyunansweredquestions,”shesays.Thatcertainlyontheresearchers’radar.“We’realreadygatheringnewproofs,withmoreadvancedequipment,”saysWeiss.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rival”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Riseto. B．Beequalto.C．Benefitfrom. D．Dependon.9．WhatisnewaboutWeiss’research?A．Theresearchmethod. B．Thesizeoftheresearchteam.C．Thetargetoftheresearch. D．Thetimespentontheresearch.10．WhatdidWeissfindaboutJ49andJ51?A．Theyhavealong-lastingfriendship.B．Theircommunicationisdifficulttounderstand.C．Theircommunicatingwayschangefrequently.D．Theypreferplayingwithyoungfemalewhales.11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Moreresearcherswilltakepartinthestudy.B．Otherscientiststakeanegativeattitudetotheresearch.C．Researcherswillgetmoreproofstostudykillerwhales.D．Researcherswilluncoverthesocialagingtrendinanimalssoon.DTurningsoil,pullingweeds,andharvestingcabbagesoundliketoughworkformiddleandhighschoolkids.Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.Jaramillo’sstudentsliveinneighborhoodswherefreshfoodandgreencearenoteasytofindandfastfoodrestaurantsoutnumbergrocerystores.“Thekidsliterallycometoschoolwithbagsofsnacksandlargebottlesofsoftdrinks,”shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.UrbanSprouts’classes,attwomiddleschoolsandtwohighschools,includehands-onexperimentssuchassoiltesting,flower-and-seeddissection,tastingsoffreshordriedproduce,andworkinthegarden.Severaltimesayear,studentscookthevegetablestheygrow,andtheyoccasionallymakesaladsfortheirentireschools.Programevaluationsshowthatkidseatmorevegetablesasaresultoftheclasses.“Wehavestudentswhosaytheywenthomeandtalkedtotheirparentsandnowthey’reeatingdifferently,”Jaramillosays.Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”12．WhatdoweknowaboutAbbyJaramillo?A．Sheusedtobeahealthworker. B．Shegrewupinalow-incomefamily.C．Sheownsafastfoodrestaurant. D．SheisaninitiatorofUrbanSprouts.13．WhatwasaproblemfacingJaramilloatthestartoftheprogram?A．Thekids’parentsdistrustedher. B．Studentshadlittletimeforherclasses.C．Somekidsdislikedgardenwork. D．Therewasnoceforschoolgardens.14．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable.C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable.15．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．RescuingSchoolGardens B．ExperiencingCountryLifeC．GrowingVegetableLovers D．ChangingLocalLandscape三、七选五Itisrathercommonthatfewschoolsmakescienceattractive.Textbooksareasdullasdictionaries.Asaresult,childrenthinkthatscienceisonlyforpeopleascleverasEinstein.Butactuallychildrenstartoutasnaturalscientists,eagertolookintotheworldaroundthem.Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy.16Youjusthavetoshareyourchildren’scuriosity.Givethemtimetothinkandask.Adultsarealwaysusedtoaskingchildrenquestionsandwaitingfortheiranswers.Itistypicalthatafteraskingaquestion,adultswaitonlyonesecondorlessforananswer,notimeforachildtothink.Infact,whenadultsincreasetheir“waittime”tothreesecondsormore,childrengivemorelogicalandcompleteanswers.Besides,ifgivensomechances,childrencanalsoasksomewonderfulandcreativequestions.17Watchyourlanguage.Onceyouhaveachildinvolvedinasciencediscussion,don’tjumpinwith“That’sright”or“Verygood”.Thesewordsworkwellwhenitcomestoencouraginggoodbehavior.18Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying“That’sinteresting”or“I’dneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore”,orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.19Itdoesn’tmakesense.Childrenarealwaysthinking,withoutyourtellingthemto.What’smore,thiscanturnaconversationintoaperformance.Thechildwilltrytofindtheansweryouwant,inasfewwordsaspossible,sothathewillbealesslikelytargetforyourdisagreement.Show;don’ttell.20Letchildrenlookattheirfingertipsthroughamagnifyingglass(放大镜),andthey’llunderstandwhyyouwantthemtowashbeforedinner.Insteadofsayingthatwaterevaporates(蒸发),setapotofwatertoboilandletthemwatchthewaterleveldrop.A．Encouragechildrentothink.B．Neverpushachildto“Think”.C．Real-lifeimpressionsofnaturearefarmoreimpressive.D．Itisnecessaryforparentstotellchildrensomestoriesaboutscience.E．There’snoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.F．Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.G．Thisabilitycomesfromthedeepthinkingandthedesiretoknowwhattheydon’tknow.四、完形填空My9-year-oldnieceLilyisabitfatandshedoesn’tdowellatschool.Becauseofthese,sheisoftenmadefunofathome,thusdevelopingsome21inadults,whointurnusuallydon’tputhigh22onher.YesterdayLilyandIwenttoanartexhibition,wherepaintingsfromkidswithdisabilitieswerebeingon23.Lilyhassharpeyes,forthepaintingsshelikedmostwerealsothebestoftheexhibition.Shealso24tohelparrangethechairsandtablesforasharingmeeting,andcheerfullyhelpedmefetchmybagfromanotherroom,somethingthat25happenedathome.Thenwewenttoabookshop,whereIboughtabookwrittenbyamomdescribingherjourneywithherautistic(孤独症的)son.Onthebusbackhome,Ibriefly26thebooktoLily.It27methatshewastrulyinterested.Shekeptaskingmetotellmorestoriesaboutthefriendinthebookwho28withsmallthingsinlife.EvenwhenIwas29thetopic,shemaderequestsformoreaboutthisboy.ThisisthefirsttimeI’veseenherso30asingletopic.I’mtouchedthatthelifeofanunknown31hasfounditswayintothislittlegirl’s32.I’mthankfulforthe33ofthebook,forthebeautythatmyniece34tome,andforthetimewehadtogether.IhopethatIcankeepseeingclearlythefantasticthingsinher,sothatwheneverthenot-so-kindworldputsherdown,Ican35herhowtrulywonderfulshehasalwaysbeen.21．A．distrust B．honor C．tension D．loss22．A．positions B．hopes C．response D．energy23．A．sale B．show C．collection D．schedule24．A．hesitated B．inspired C．appealed D．volunteered25．A．seldom B．even C．always D．again26．A．exposed B．accounted C．introduced D．gave27．A．escaped B．pressed C．confused D．surprised28．A．concerns B．sorts C．struggles D．sticks29．A．on B．off C．beneath D．above30．A．concentratedon B．loadedwith C．proudof D．consciousof31．A．passenger B．stranger C．author D．artist32．A．dream B．view C．heart D．imagination33．A．context B．review C．power D．conclusion34．A．promoted B．represented C．observed D．presented35．A．remind B．promise C．question D．assume语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (celebrate)onthe15thdayofthe8hlunarmonth,theMid-AutumnFestivalisthesccondmostimportanttraditionalfestivlinChinaaftertheSpringFestival.Ayearisdividedintofourseasons:spring,summer,autumnandwinter,andaccordingtotraditionalChinesecalendar,eachseasonis57(far)dividedintothreephases.The8tIunarmonthisthesecondmonthinauturnn,andthe15thdayisinthemiddleofthemouth.That's 58.thefestivalgetsitsname-theMid-AutumnFestival.Festival_59._nFestival_59._(origin)fromtheancientpcople'sworshipofthemoon.InthedocumentsoftheWesternHanDynasty,therearerecordsofChang'eflyingtothemoonandWuGang＿60．＿（cut）anosmanthus（桂树）．TherearevariouscelebrationsduringtheMid-AutumnFestival,likeworshipingandappreciatingthemoon,andeatingmooncakes,allof61._cundatebacktotheancienttime.Themooncakeis 62._uniquesymbolofcherishing.Chineseculturebassuchahugeinllucnce63.peoplearoundtheworldthatthisfestivalhasbeenintroducedintocountriesinEastandSoutheastAsia,andisgreatlytreasuredbyoverscasChinesethere.In2006,theMid-AutumnFestivalwaslistedinthefirstbatchofIntangibleCulturalHeritageofthecountry,whichis64._(benefit)topromotingChinesecultureworldwide.Since2008,Chinesepeople_65._(enjoy)theannualpublicholidayoftheMid-AutumnFestival.第三节单词填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分）66.Inviewofhisgreat(contribute)hemadetothefilmindustry,thecommitteeawardedChaplinaspecialOscarin1972.67.Whenthechildheardthehorriblestory,bewas(fright)todeathandcouldn'thelpcrying.68.Myhometownhaschangedbeyond(recognize)sinceIwaslasthere.69.AsaChinesecitizen,wemustbe(pride)ofourowncultureandkeenatpromotingittopeoplearoundtheworld.70.Theperformanceturnedouttobeagreatsuccess,whichreceivedan(explode)ofapplause.71.TherearenumerouscasesstudentshavealargevocabularybutfailtoexpressthemselvesinEnglish.72.PleasegivemeafullrefundorexchangetheiWatchanewoneandhaveitdeliveredassoonaspossible.73.Withhisattention(concentrate)onhiswork,hefailedtostrikeabalancebetweenworkandrelaxation.74.ChineseTeacher'sDayistheveryfestivalcelebratesthe2,300-yeartraditionofrespectingteachersandeducationinChina.75.Tobehonest,themilitarytrainingissuchameaningfulandeducationalexperienceasisreallyworth(memory).第四节根据中文提示完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）76．在我看来，成功的秘诀在于能够处理挑战， thesecrettosuccess 77．一些入认为减少摄入是强身健体的有效措施，对此我持消极态度。Somepeoplebelievethatreducingwhattheytakeintogetintoshape, 78．青少年不仅渴望独立，还向父母寻求关于学习生活的建议。Notonlyareteenagersbutalso studyandlifefromparents.79．如果你能充分利用学习资源，你更有可能成功到达终点-你梦想的大学。Ifyoucanyou tothefinaldestination-yourclreamumiversity.8C．你的人生到了需要自己做决定的时候，充分考虑所有细节是必须的。Whenycuroachapointinyourlife isamust.第三部分写作（共1题，满分20分）假如你是李华，你校英语俱乐部将举办一次以“中国茶文化”为主题的英语沙龙（salon）。你的外教Mr.Black对中国传统文化感兴趣，请给他写封邮件，邀请他参加活动。内容包括：1．举办沙龙的目的2．时间和地点3．活动内容注意：1．写作词数应为80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数；2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearMr.Black,I'moneofyourstudents. 答案：1．A2．C3．D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是以阳光明媚的沙滩以及自然奇观而闻名的宫古岛上的风景。1．推理判断题。根据题目和第一段“ThingstodoinMiyakojima(宫古岛必做之事)Famousforitssunnybeachesandnaturalwonders,MiyakoIslandwelcomesmanyvisitorsduringholidays.(宫古岛以其阳光明媚的海滩和自然奇观而闻名，在假日期间欢迎许多游客。)”可知，文章节选自旅游手册。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据Diverseandcolorfulfish部分的“Snorkelingisamust-tryinMiyakojima.Densecoralreefs,schoolsoftropicalfish,seaturtlesandplentyofcetofreedivetodepthsof8to15metersclosetotheshorearestandoutfeatures.Forbeginners,AragusukuandShigiraareagoodchoicebutadvancedsnorkelersmayseeImgyoMarineGarden,WaiwaiBeachandShimojishimaastheirultimatespots.(在宫古岛，浮潜是一项必须尝试的活动。密集的珊瑚礁、成群的热带鱼、海龟和充足的空间可以自由潜水到靠近海岸的8到15米深处，这些都是突出的特点。对于初学者来说，Aragusuku和Shigira是不错的选择，但高级浮潜者可能会把ImgyoMarineGarden、WaiwaiBeach和Shimojishima作为他们的终极目的地。)”可知，Imgyo海洋花园最适合想要尝试水下活动的人。故选C项。3．细节理解题。根据Uniquebeaches部分的“Theoceaniscoloredinemeraldblue,attractingvisitorswithitsbeauty.（大海呈翠绿色，以其美丽吸引着游客。）”可知，宫古岛有迷人的风景。根据Thebridges部分的“OnShimojiIsland,thereisaboardwalkaroundTooriike,twodramaticmarinepondsconnectedtoeachotherandtheseabyanunderwatercavesystem.（在ShimojiIsland，有一条木板路环绕着鸟池，两个戏剧性的海洋池塘通过水下洞穴系统相互连接。）”可知，在宫古岛可以享受和平的散步；Freshislandfood部分的“Delightyoursenseswithjuicy,melt-in-your-mouthMiyakobeef,deliciousMiyakosoba(noodlesservedinsoup),orfreshfruit.(多汁、入口即化的宫古牛肉、美味的宫古荞麦面(汤面)或新鲜水果，让你的感官愉悦。)”可知，宫古岛有精致的美食。但是你在宫古岛最不可能享受的是古老的建筑。故选D项。4．B5．A6．C7．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了AlNixon在八年前决定用坐在长凳上欣赏海滩风光来开始自己的一天，但是一年后他改变了想法，不仅仅只是欣赏风光，他开始对人们微笑，展开对话，学会倾听过往的人们，从而被人们称为“阳光市长”的故事。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的““Icallit‘liferising’becausewatchingasunrisemakesmefeelpositiveandcenteredbeforeIstartmyday,”saysNixon,whoworksforthecity’swaterdepartment.ItisNixon’sownversionofdailymotivation.(“我称之为‘生活的上升’，因为看日出能让我在开始新的一天之前感到积极和专注，”在该市水务部门工作的Nixon说。这是Nixon自己对日常动机的诠释)”可知，八年前，Nixon为了寻找精神力量，决定从长凳开始他的一天，故选B。5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Ayearlater,awomanstoppedtosayhello,andshesaidsomethingthatchangedhisperspectiveonhisdailyritual.(一年后，一个女人停下来跟他打招呼，她说的话改变了他对日常生活的看法)”和Nixon所说的“ThatwaswhenIknew:Ineededtopayattentiontothepeoplewalkingpast.Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeopleknowthatwemattertoeachother.(这时我明白了：我需要注意路过的人。我需要眼神交流，让人们知道我们对彼此很重要)”可知，Nixon当时应该是很受启发的。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据第三段中Nixon的行为和第四段中的“Hispresence,hisopennesstolistenandhiskindnesstowardsstrangershaveledthemtonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.(他的存在，他的倾听和他对陌生人的善良，让他们给他起了一个“阳光市长”的绰号)”可知，Nixon温暖了陌生人的心，所以才得到这个昵称。故选C。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Theysimplywanttositnexttosomeoneandsharethesilence.(他们只是想坐在某人旁边，分享沉默)”以及“Shejustwantedamomentofpeaceandtoknowshewasn’talone.(她只是想要片刻安宁，知道她并不孤单)”可知，对一些人来说，安静的陪伴反而能给他们带来慰藉。故选D。8．B9．A10．A11．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了行为生态学家团队开展了新的研究，发射无人机观察虎鲸之间友好的身体接触，研究发现虎鲸的社交能力中包括快速建立友谊。8．词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Now,scientistsareaddingonemorebehaviortothelist:formingfastfriendships.Anewstudyshowskillerwhalescanrivalanimalssuchaschimpanzeesandmacaques(akindofmonkey),andevenhumanswhenitcomestothekindof“socialtouch”thatisasignofstrongfriendship.”（现在，科学家们又增加了一种行为：快速建立友谊。一项新的研究表明，在“社交接触”这一强烈友谊标志上，虎鲸可以与黑猩猩和猕猴（一种猴子）等动物rival，甚至可以与人类相媲美。）可知，科学家们对于虎鲸的社交能力有了新的发现，它们具有很强的建立友谊的能力，可推知这种能力甚至达到可以和黑猩猩、猕猴，甚至人类的水平。rival意为“与……相匹敌”，与beequalto意思相近。与故选B项。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Butthereislittleproofaboutwildkillerwhales.That’swheredrone(无人机)technologycamein.MichaelWeiss,abehavioralecologist,teamedupwithhisworkmatestolaunchdrones,flyingthem30to120metersaboveagroupofkillerwhales.”（但是关于野生虎鲸的证据很少。这就是无人机技术的用武之地。行为生态学家MichaelWeiss和他的同事们一起发射无人机，让它们在一群虎鲸上空30到120米的地方飞行。）可知，Weiss使用了无人机进行研究，收集相关数据，也就是他的研究方法是新颖的。故选A项。10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“TakeJ49andJ51—twodistantlyrelatedyoungmalesaged9and6—forexample.“Everytimeyouseeagroupofwhales,thosetwoarerighttherecommunicatingwitheachother,”Weisssays.”（以J49和J51为例，它们是9岁和6岁的远亲年轻雄性动物。Weiss说：“每当你看到一群鲸鱼时，它们就在那里相互交流。）可知，J49和J51之间联系紧密，总是在交流，所以它们之间有长久的友谊。故选A项。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Scientistshavelongobservedthissocialagingtrendinanimals,buttherearestillmanyunansweredquestions,”shesays.Thatcertainlyontheresearchers’radar.“We’realreadygatheringnewproofs,withmoreadvancedequipment,”saysWeiss.”（她说:“科学家们长期以来一直在观察动物的这种社会老龄化趋势，但仍有许多未解之谜。”这当然在研究人员的关注范围内。“我们已经在用更先进的设备收集新的证据，”Weiss说。）可知，虎鲸群体中的社会老龄化趋势有待进一步研究，研究人员也正在用新的设备收集证据。由此推知，研究人员将会有更多的证据来研究虎鲸。故选C项。12．D13．C14．A15．C【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。12．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“UrbanSprouts”学校花园项目。)”可知，艾比·哈拉米洛是UrbanSprouts的发起者。故选D。13．推理判断题。根据第二段的“shesays.“Theycometousthinkingvegetablesareawful,dirtisawful,insectsareawful.”Thoughsomeareinitiallyscaredoftheinsectsandturnedoffbythedirt,mostareeagertotrysomethingnew.(她说。“他们来找我们，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，昆虫也很可怕。”虽然有些人一开始害怕昆虫，对泥土感到厌烦，但大多数人都渴望尝试新的东西。)”可知，项目之初，一些学生不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。14．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”(她补充说，该计划的好处不仅仅是营养。有些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，他们带回家种子开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里工作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用，他们中的许多人都有情绪控制问题。“他们走了出去，”她说，“他们觉得成功。”)”可知，这个项目不仅给学生提供了有营养的食物，而且许多学生回家开创了自己的菜园，对有情绪控制问题的学生也起到了镇静作用，从而推知，该项目的影响是深远的。故选A。15．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Andatfirstitis,saysAbbyJaramillo,whowithanotherteacherstartedUrbanSprouts,aschoolgardenprogramatfourlow-incomeschools.Theprogramaimstohelpstudentsdevelopscienceskills,environmentalawareness,andhealthylifestyles.(起初是这样的，艾比·哈拉米洛说，她和另一位老师在四所低收入学校启动了“UrbanSprouts”学校花园项目。该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康的生活方式。)”和最后一段的“Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.(一些学生对园艺非常感兴趣，于是他们把种子带回家，开始种自己的菜园)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了AbbyJaramillo等老师在低收入学校发起的培养学生科学能力，环保意识以及健康生活方式的UrbanSprouts花园项目，让学生种植蔬菜，对学生影响深远。因此推断C项“蔬菜种植爱好者”符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C。16．E17．G18．F19．B20．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些培养孩子对科学感兴趣的方法。16．根据前文“Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy.(帮助他们享受科学是很容易的)”以及后文“Youjusthavetoshareyourchildren’scuriosity.(你只需要分享孩子们的好奇心)”可知，空处应该是一个过渡句，对前句进一步解释，并引出下文，所以E项“There’snoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.(不需要大量的科学术语或昂贵的实验室设备)”符合文意。故选E项。17．根据本段首句“Givethemtimetothinkandask.(给他们时间思考和提问)”可知，本段主题是讲述需要给孩子时间去思考和提问，根据后文“Besides,ifgivensomechances,childrencanalsoasksomewonderfulandcreativequestions.(此外，如果有机会，孩子们还可以问一些精彩而有创意的问题)”可知，此句之前讲述的是给孩子时间思考的内容，此句开始讲述让孩子提问的内容，所以空处应是对本句进一步说明，所以G项“Thisabilitycomesfromthedeepthinkingandthedesiretoknowwhattheydon’tknow.(这种能力来自于深刻的思考和想要知道自己不知道的东西的欲望)”符合文意，这种能力，指的是前文“问一些精彩而有创意的问题”的能力。故选G项。18．根据后文“Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying“That’sinteresting”or“I’dneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore”,orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.(相反，你可以继续说“这很有趣”或“我以前从来没有这样想过”，或者提出更多的问题或想法)”可知，空处和此句构成转折关系，指出快速表扬的弊端。所以F项“Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.(但在谈论科学时，快速的赞扬可能意味着讨论已经结束)”符合文意。故选F项。19．分析设空，空处位于句首，是本段的中心句，根据后文“Itdoesn’tmakesense.

Childrenarealwaysthinking,withoutyourtellingthemto.

What’smore,thiscanturnaconversationintoaperformance.

Thechildwilltrytofindtheansweryouwant,inasfewwordsaspossible,sothathewillbealesslikelytargetforyourdisagreement.(这没有道理。孩子们总是在思考，不需要你告诉他们。更重要的是，这可以把谈话变成一场表演。孩子会试图用尽可能少的语言找到你想要的答案，这样他就不太可能成为你反对的目标)”可知，本段是在讲不要你来告诉孩子们去思考，所以B项“Neverpushachildto“Think”.(永远不要强迫孩子去“思考”)”符合文意。故选B项。20．分析设空，空处位于段首句的后一句，所以应该是对段首句的进一步补充说明，根据前文“Show;don’ttell.(展示；不要告诉)”可知，C项“Real-lifeimpressionsofnaturearefarmoreimpressive.(现实生活中对自然的印象要深刻得多)”符合文意，后文“Letchildrenlookattheirfingertipsthroughamagnifyingglass,andthey’llunderstandwhyyouwantthemtowashbeforedinner.

Insteadofsayingthatwaterevaporates,setapotofwatertoboilandletthemwatchthewaterleveldrop.(让孩子们通过放大镜看他们的指尖，他们就会明白为什么你想让他们在饭前洗手。不要说水会蒸发，而是把一壶水烧开，让他们看着水位下降)”则是对C项举例说明。故选C项。21．A22．B23．B24．D25．A26．C