Unit6SectionA（Grammarfocus4c）课件人教版英语九年级全册

TeaUnit6Whenwasitinvented?GrammarFocus-4cLanguagegoals语言能力学习能力思维品质文化意识1.培养想象力，发挥想象力，鼓励学生观察事物。2.面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，认识世界，改造世界。1.掌握常用词汇及句型:fridge;low;somebody;allofasudden等;2.能够准确地将主动语态与被动语态进行句式转换。通过一般过去时主动语态与被动语态的对比，能总结出转换规律和结构,并建立相关知识之间的联系。；2.理解并识别被动语态的特殊情况(双宾语、主动表被动等)。1234Tellsomethingabouthowteawasinventedbyaccidentaccordingtothemindmap.Newwordsfridgelowsomebodytranslatelockringearthquakesuddenallofasuddenbellbiscuitcookiemusicalinstrumentn.冰箱adj.低的；矮的pron.某人

n.重要人物v.翻译v.锁上；锁住n.

锁v.(rang,rung)发出钟声或铃声；打电话n.地震adj.突然(的)突然；猛地n.

钟(声)；铃(声)n.

饼干n.曲奇饼adj.

音乐的；有音乐天赋的n.

器械；仪器；工具Today,trafficwasstoppedbyazebra.Itwasalmosthitbyanothercar.Otheranimalswereseenonthe

freeway,too.Lead-inJerryislateforworkagain.whathappenedtohim?一般过去时态下的被动语态was/were+动词的过去分词Youexpectmetobelievethat

youweredelayedbyazebra?ltwastalkedaboutontheradio.Itisthoughtthattheanimalsescapedfromthezoo.Lead-inAlthoughJerrytellsthetruth,whatdoesthebosssay?Trytotelltheconversationbetweenthem.一般过去时态下的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态am/are/is+动词的过去分词ObserveanddiscussWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’s

usedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作。其基本结构是：was/were+及物动词的过去分词。将下列句子改为被动语态Weplantedtreeslastweek.主动语态变被动语态解题步骤1.找宾语----即动作的承受者2.判断宾语的单复数----即be动词的单复数.3.把谓语改成was/were+V.过去分词5.修改原句的主语----即by+主语/宾语.宾变主,主变宾,前加by动变被,看清be,结构分别be+ppTree

wasplanted

byus.4.判断新主语的单复数:确定be动词

的单复数He

washed

hiscaryesterday.

Hiscarwaswashed(byhim)yesterday.Didyou

cleanup

yourroomlastnight?Wasyourroomcleaneduplastnight?Hesavedthelivesofthechildren.Thelivesofthechildrenweresaved

byhim.GrammarFocusWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.一般过去时被动语态谓语动词的构成主语+was\were+done(过去分词)+其他成分Tom

made

thenewmachinelastweek.Thenewmachine_____________byTomlastweek.wasmadeWhatdidyoufindout?一般过去时的被动语态1．句式结构肯定句主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词(+by...).否定句主语+was/were+not+及物动词的过去分词(+by...).疑问句Was/Were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by...)?特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+by...)?Thebabywaslookedafterbyhismother.GrammarFocus①“不及物动词+介词/副词”构成的短语动词，变成被动时，把它们作为________看待，介词或副词______(不可/可)拆开或漏掉。整体不可含有短语的主动语态变被动语态Theseposterswereputupbyourheadteacher.短语动词拓展一般过去时的被动语态2．基本用法用法示例表示过去某一具体时间发生的动作，且句子的主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。Thetreeswereplantedlastyear.这些树是去年种的。讲述发生在过去的动作，且不知道动作的执行者。Hewasgivenarobotasabirthdaygiftlastyear.去年他收到了一个机器人作为生日礼物。一般过去时的被动语态3．含双宾语和复合宾语的主动句变为被动句的方法(1)含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间

接宾语变为主语，而指“物”的直接宾语则不变。e.g.HegavemesomeadviceonlearningEnglish.IwasgivensomeadviceonlearningEnglish(byhim).(2)如果要把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。

e.g.Mymotherbroughtmeabike.Abikewasbroughttome(bymymother).含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态Tomgavemeabookyesterday.IwasgivenabookbyTom.AbookwasgiventomebyTom.当指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接语前加to或for直接宾语做主语间接宾语做主语口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to/for间宾连。Isawaheavymanenterthehouse.主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式标志to。感官动词和使役动词的被动语态口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去，被动语态to回来。Aheavymanwasseento

enterthehouse.一般过去时的被动语态3．含双宾语和复合宾语的主动句变为被动句的方法(3)含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动句时，要将其中的宾语变成

主语，宾语补足语不变。e.g.JimaskedTomtofinishtheworkatonce.Tomwasasked(byJim)tofinishtheworkatonce.(4)如果宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式，主动语态变成被动语态

时要加上不定式符号to。

e.g.WeoftensawJohnplaybasketballintheplayground.

Johnwasoftenseentoplaybasketballintheplayground(byus).Momboughtmeanewcoat.GrammarFocus②当指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在指“人”的间接语前加_______.to/for含有双宾语的主动语态变被动语态Anewcoatwasboughtforme.(直接接宾语作主语)间接宾语拓展Iwasboughtanewcoat.(间接宾语作主语)直接宾语Tomgavemeabookyesterday.IwasgivenabookbyTom.(间接宾语做主语)AbookwasgiventomebyTom.(直接宾语做主语)Let’schallenge:直接宾语间接宾语→Someadvicewasgiventothepupilsbytheteacher.1.

Theteachergavethepupilssomeadvice.→Thepupilsweregivensomeadvicebytheteacher.2.

Theteachertoldustoreadmore.省略to的不定式作宾补→Weweretoldtoreadmorebytheteacher.3.

Thebossmadethemwork12hoursaday.→Theyaremade

towork12hoursaday.不定式作宾语补足语举一反三:show/give/offer/send/bring/lend/teach/buy举一反三:tell/ask/help/advise/warn/allow/invite

举一反三:make/have/watch/see/let/hear/feelRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.一般过去时的被动语态e.g.Mygrandmatookgoodcareofmydog.→Mydogwastakengoodcareofbymygrandma.奶奶把我的狗照顾得很好。(其中介词of不能漏掉)含有动词短语的主动语态变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。注意Paper______first______about2,000yearsagoinChina.A．is;creating B．is;createdC．has;created D．was;created 可用语法判断法解答本题。句意：在中国，纸大约在两千年前首先被创造了出来。句中的ago是一般过去时的标志，且纸和创造之间是被动关系。因此本题考查的是一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是：was/were+及物动词的过去分词。因此，正确答案是D。D

典例点拨一般过去时的被动语态肯定句主语+am/is/are+过去分词（+by…)Eg.ThismealwasmadebyTom.否定句主语+am/is/are+not

+过去分词

(+by…)

Eg.ThismealwasnotmadebyTom.疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+过去分词(+by…)?Eg.WasthismealmadebyTom?特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+过去分词（+by...)?Eg.WhatwasmadebyTom?一般过去时被动语态的结构was/werewas/wereWas/Werewas/were1.Hesawthegirlplaysoccereveryday.(改为被动语态)→Thegirl

playsoccereveryday(byhim).2.Hisfriend

boughthimadictionary.(改为被动语态)→He

adictionary(byhisfriend).(间接宾语做主语)→Adictionary

him(byhisfriend).(直接宾语做主语)4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.(改为被动语态)→We

alone(byourparents).Let’stry:wasseentowasboughtwasboughtforwereadvisednottogooutRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice._______________________________________________________________2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.________________________________________________________________3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?________________________________________________________________4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone._________________________________________________________________5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.___________________________________________________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.4aPresentationWherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom.n.冰箱adj.低的eatlocklikeringinvitebreaktellbringYou_____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden,butluckilythevillagers_____________toasafeplace.wereinvitedwerebrought3.Thedoor___________whenwearrived,so

we______thebell.4.Thestudents________nottoeatordrinkinclass.ButRuby_______therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies_________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally_____them.waslockedrangweretoldbrokewereeatenliked注意be动词和时态4bCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.Decidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentences.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.4cwasinventedwasbornworkedlearnedwasinventedisusedwassaidInventionshavechanged