专题2.词汇拓展语法清单及语法填空精练（学生版）-2022-2023学年高一英语期末考点大串讲（人教版2019）

词汇拓展、语法清单及语法填空精练一．必记词汇拓展1．deathn．死；死亡→adj.死的→adj.致命的→v．死亡2．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→n．效果；影响→adj.有效的→n．喜欢；喜爱；感情3．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→adj.令人震惊的→adj.感到震惊的4．electricityn．电；电能→adj.电的；用电的→adj.电子的5．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→n．呼吸→adj.气喘吁吁的6．wisdomn．智慧；才智→adj.明智的→adj.不明智的7．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→n．受难；苦楚8．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出→n．喷发9．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→n．幸存；生还→n．幸存者；生还者10．emergencyn．突发事件；紧急情况→adj.紧急的→vi.浮现；出现11．delivervt.&vi.递送；传达vt.发表→n．投递；送交12．lengthn．长；长度→adj.长的→v．(使)变长13．referencen．指称关系；参考→vi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于14．basedadj.以(某事)为基础的→vt.以……为基础n．底部；根据→basisn．基础→adj.基础的15．varietyn．异体；多样化→v．变化；不同→adj.各种各样的16．majoradj.主要的n．主修课程；主修学生vi.主修→n．大多数17．globaladj.全球的；全世界的→n．地球；地球仪18．appreciatevt.欣赏；感激；领会→n．感激；欣赏→adj.感激的19．begvt.恳求；祈求→n．乞丐20．equaln．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→adv.平等地→n．平等21．demandn．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要→adj.要求高的22．descriptionn．描写(文字)；形容→vt.描述23．relatevt.联系；讲述→relatedadj.相关的→n．关系→n．关系24．creativelyadv.创造性地；有创造力地→adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→vt.创造→n．创造性；创造力25．promotevt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→n．提升；推销；晋级26．applicationn．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→vt.&vi.申请；应用→n．申请人27．proposaln．提议；建议→vt.提议；建议28．establishvt.建立；创立→n．建立；创立29．limitn．限度；限制vt.限制；限定→adj.有限的；受限制的→adj.无限的；无尽的30．preventvt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→n．防止；预防→adj.预防性的；防备的31．lossn．丧失；损失→vt.丢失→adj.迷路的；失去的32．contributionn．捐款；贡献；捐赠→vi.&vt.捐献；捐助34．donatevt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→n．捐赠；赠送→n．捐赠者；捐赠人35．disappearvi.消失；灭绝；消亡→n．消失；灭绝→(反义词)vi.出现→n．出现；外表36．professionaladj.专业的；职业的n．专业人员；职业选手→n．专业；职业→n．教授37．traditionn．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→adj.传统的38．parisonn．比较；相比→vt.&vi.与……相比较39．illegaladj.不合法的；非法的→adv.不合法地；非法地→adj.合法的40．alarmingadj.惊人的；使人惊恐的→vt.使惊恐；使害怕；使担心n．恐慌；警报；警报器→adj.害怕的41．extinctadj.已灭绝的→n．灭绝42．awareadj.知道；发觉；有……意识的→n．意识→adj.未发觉的；不知道的43．endangervt.使遭受危险；危害→adj.濒危的→n．危险→adj.危险的44．concernvt.涉及；让……担忧→adj.担心的；关切的→prep.关于45．adaptvi.适应vt.使适应；使适合→n．适应；改编本→adj.适应性强的46．beautyn．美；美人；美好的东西→adj.美丽的；美好的→vt.美化47．effectiveadj.有效的；生效的→n．效果；影响→vt.影响；侵袭48．recovervi.恢复；康复vt.找回；寻回→n．恢复49．intendvi.&vt.打算；计划；想要→n．意图；打算50．threatn．威胁→vt.威胁；危及51．existvi.存在；生存→n．存在；生存52．unusualadj.特别的；不寻常的→adj.常见的，寻常的53．convenientadj.方便的；近便的→n．方便→n．不便54．benefitn．益处vt.使受益vi.得益于→adj.有益的55．distancen．距离→adj.遥远的；疏远的→adv.疏远地56．inspirevt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考→adj.鼓舞人心的；使人振奋的→adj.受启发的；受鼓舞的→n．灵感；启发57．accessn．通道；(使用、查阅、接近或面见的)机会vt.进入；使用；获取→adj.可以进入的；可以使用的58．privacyn．隐私；私密→adj.私人的；秘密的→adv.私下地59．theftn．偷(窃)；盗窃罪→n．小偷60．rudeadj.粗鲁的；无礼的→adv.粗鲁地→n．粗鲁，粗暴61．falseadj.假的；错误的→n．错误；瑕疵62．embarrassingadj.让人难堪(尴尬；害羞)的→adj.感到难堪(尴尬)的→n．尴尬随堂练习一1．Duringtheforum，DongQing，afamouswhooftenwonderfulprograms，sharedherexperienceofcreatingthereader.(host)2．Mysisterisagirl，soweknowthatonceshehasdeterminedtodosomething，shewillmakeherdreametruewithgreat.(determine)3．Thoughtheartshowtoattractasmanyvisitorsaswehadexpected，itwasfarfrombeingafailure；itwasagreatsuccess.(fail)4．Theofficialismoreawareofthanbeforeandheworksoutingymstokeepregularly.(fit)5．Morethan10,000fromdifferentcountriescametoBeijingandwitheachotherinthegamesformedals.(pete)Amazingly，themorethejobis，thebetteryourperformancewillbe.Inotherwords，feelingbenefitsyourperformanceinaway.(stress)7．Thesoldiergotinthebattleandsufferedaseriousintheleftankle.(injure)二Peopleweretoseethatthelittlegirlwasoftenbeatenbyherstepmother.Thenewsallthepeoplearound.(shock)2．(bury)inhergraduationpaper，Maryhasnotimetodoapart-timejob.3．Wemeasuredtheofthelivingroomandfounditwas6.3meters.(long)4．Withthegovernment’said，those(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtonewshelters.5．Masteringsomebasicskillswouldgreatlyincreaseyourchancesof.Thankstotheswimmingskills，heandhisfriendsucceededintheterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwosurvivors.(survive)6．Bothofthewaysare(effect)andwhichonetochooseisreallyamatterofpersonalpreference.7．Thediseasehasaffectedmanypeopleandhascausedatleast30uptonow.(dead)三1．The(major)ofthestudentsareinterestedinherclass，whichmakesherhappy.2．Iwouldliketoexpressmy(appreciate)tothosewhoalwaysgivemetimelyhelpandencouragementwhenI’mtrappedbytheflood.3．Allmenareborn，soeveryonehopestobetreatedbecauseistheessentialdemand.(equal)4．Itwasachallengingand(demand)job，butanyhowwemanagedtohandleitwithjointefforts.5．Wouldyouliketogiveadetailed(describe)oftherescueinwhichyousaved4dogs?6．IwaswanderinginasubwaystationwhenIsawaforfood.(beg)7．Weourtheoryontheofpractice，consideringsomefactors.(base)四Theyoungmanamachinetosolvethetrickyproblem，andthushewasconsideredtobeaperson.(create)2．Somearefillinginformstoforawell-paidjob.(apply)3．Knowledgeis，butmymemorymetorememberonlyinformation.(limit)4．Theinstanttheoldgardener，allthegirlspickingflowersraninalldirectionsandsoon.(disappear)5．isbetterthancure，sowemusttakemeasurestoCOVID-19fromspreading.(prevent)6．Thegenerouslyfoodandmoneytothepoorfamilyandhishelpedthemgothroughthehardtime.(donate)7．Thefatherthathisdaughtershouldacceptherboyfriend’s.(propose)五1．Whenanoldmansoundedthe，thewhistlemademanypeople.(alarm)2．Between150and200speciesarebeingeveryyear.Thismassiscausedbyhunting.(extinct)3．Motherisalwaysaboutme.However，Iwasn’tawareofherwhenIwasakid.(concern)4．Infact，kidsareveryandtheycansoontolivinginkindergartens.Youshouldhaveconfidenceintheir.(adapt)5．Wealllovetheenvironment，andtherefore，weshoulditinsteadofdestroyingits.(beauty)6．Thepartywasspeciallyforher，butshedidn’tappreciatemygood.(intend)7．Thereastrangecaveonthehill，butnooneknowswhenitcameinto.(exist)六1．I’msorryforthecausedbymistakes.IsitforyoutoeonThursday？Ifnot，youcaneatyour.(convenient)2．TheclubistothosewhowanttolearnChinese.Joinit，andyouwillalotfromit.(benefit)3．MyparentsliveinacitybuttheInternetremovestheinaway.(distant)4．Hearinghisspeech，Iwasgreatly.ItgavemeanthatIshouldstartmyownbusiness.(inspire)5．Thewebsiteisnottoallpeople；onlythosewhoknowthepasswordhavetoit.(access)6．Parentsshouldrespecttheirchildren’sinsteadofreadingtheirletters.(privacy)7．Thegirlfeltwhenseeingthepictures.Sheturnedawaywith.(embarrass)随堂练习一1.Hefelt_________(confuse)atthenews.2.Sheisrecoveringfromaknee_________(injure).3.Tomtooktheexaminationwithfull_________(confident).4.Theletterwasn’taddressedtohim,butheopeneditoutof_________(curious).5.Remembertodress_________(formal)fortheeveningpartytonight.6._________(actual),alargenumberofpeopleowncarsinourhometown.7.It’s_________(challenge)togiveaspeechforthefirsttimeasafreshman.8.Nothingisawasteifyouhavea_________(create)mind.9.Forstudentsstudyingabroad,cookingisanessential_________(survive)skill.10.ThecherryblossomsinWuhanUniversityisamaintourist_________(attract).定语从句定语从句是高考的重点和热点，备考焦点主要集中在以下几个方面：①正确使用关系代词(which,that,who,whom,whose,as)和关系副词(when,where,why)②介词＋which/whom引导的定语从句③that不能引导非限制性定语从句考点1概念1.在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词、短语或句子叫先行词。Thisistheplacewhichisworthvisiting.(一个词)这是值得参观的地方。Manylife’sproblemswhichweresolvedbyaskingfamilymembers，friendsorcolleaguesarebeyondthecapabilityoftheextendedfamilytoresolve.(一个短语)许多以前可以通过询问家庭成员、朋友或者同事就能解决的生活问题是现在的大家庭无力解决的。Itookanoldmantohospitalinataxiimmediately，whichwaswhyIwaslatethatmorning.(一个完整的句子)我乘出租车立即把一个老人送到了医院，这就是那天早上我迟到的原因。2．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系词有三大作用：代指先行词，引导定语从句，在从句中作句子成分。Beijing，whichisthecapitalcityofChina，isaverybeautifulcity..↓eq\x(代指Beijing，在从句中作主语)考点2限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切，删除后影响整个意思的表达与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明，删除后不影响整个意思的表达不用逗号分开一般使用逗号分开可用关系代词that不可用关系代词that关系代词that，who，which/whom在从句中作宾语时可以省略关系代词不可以省略关系代词whom作宾语时可用who或that替代关系代词不能替代读时不停顿读时停顿，用降调只可以修饰名词或代词，不可以修饰句子既可修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰句子，有逗号分开，只能由which,who或as引导Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.进行体育锻炼的人长寿。(限制性定语从句，说明要长寿需进行体育锻炼。先行词是people，若把从句whotakephysicalexercise去掉，句子就失去所表达的意义“进行体育锻炼的人”)Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,isinghomenextweek.他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(非限制性定语从句，whoisinBostonnow对先行词daughter进行补充说明，若把其去掉，主句意义“他的女儿下周将来家”仍然完整)单句语法填空/单句写作①Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014showedamere5to10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses.②Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,isnotgoodforthehealth.③昨天晚上所发生的事情，我一点儿也不知道。.④他十分慷慨地给予我时间，为此我非常感激。(非限制性定语从句).考点3正确使用关系词1.关系代词关系代词在句中代替指人或事物的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等句子成分。关系代词先行词句法功能who人主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语whom人宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)whose(＝ofwhom/ofwhich)人或物定语that人或物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)which物主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)as人或物主语、宾语Doyouknowthemanthat/whomMr.Whiteintroducedjustnow?怀特先生刚才介绍的那个人你认识吗？Ourmonitoristheboywhosefatherisalawyer.我们的班长是父亲做律师的那个男孩。【名师指津】关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。Tomisoneoftheengineerswhoaresentabroad.汤姆是被派往国外的工程师之一。Tomistheonlyoneoftheengineerswhohaseupwiththesolution.汤姆就是唯一提出解决方案的那位工程师。2．关系副词关系副词代替表示时间、地点、原因的先行词，并在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语，不能省略。关系副词先行词句法功能when(＝in/at/on/...＋which)时间时间状语where(＝in/at/on/...＋which)地点地点状语why(＝forwhich)原因原因状语(只引导限制性定语从句)Thetimewhen(atwhich)IfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.第一次见纳尔逊·曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常困难的时期。Theschoolwhere(atwhich)Istudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekilometresaway.那所离这里有3千米远，我仅在那里读过两年书。Therearevariousreasons(forwhich)whypeoplewritepoetry.人们写诗有各种各样的理由。【名师指津】先行词为抽象地点的名词(situation，case，stage，point，activity等)，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用关系副词where引导定语从句。如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时则用关系代词which/that。Theyhavereachedthepointwheretheyhavetoseparatewitheachother.他们已经到了必须分手的地步。单句语法填空①InancientChinalivedanartistpaintingswerealmostlifelike.②Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiomunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspotitcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoearth.③NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9am.to5pm.dailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.④Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.⑤Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothgivesofflightinthedark.⑥Thestudentsbenefitingmostfromcollegearethosearetotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife.3．“介词＋关系词”引导的定语从句构成句法功能用法指津介词(短语)＋关系代词状语关系代词只能用which或whom且不能省略介词＋关系代词＋名词状语关系代词常用which和whose名词(代词)＋介词＋关系代词主语可转化为“whose＋名词”结构数词(形容词最高级)＋of＋关系代词主语数词还可以用some，many，most，each等不定代词替换Thepoormanhasnohouseinwhichhecanlive.那个穷人没房子住。Recently，Iboughtanancientvase，thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.最近，我买了一个古董花瓶，它的价格很合理。4．as,which与that的用法区别(1)七种只用that而不用which的情况①当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。Thereisnothingthatwecandonow.现在我们什么也做不了。②当先行词被theonly，thelast，thevery等修饰时。ThisistheverybookthatIwant.这正是我想要的书。③当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。Thepresenttimeisthebestgiftthatyoucangiveyourself.当前的时光是你能给自己的最好的礼物。④当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。Don’ttrustthefirstsignthatyousee.不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。⑤当先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。Mymotherandheroldfriendstalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.我妈妈和她的老朋友们谈论了一些她们记忆中里的人和事。⑥当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。Whichisthecarthatyouboughtlastweek?你上周买的哪辆车？⑦当先行词是主句的表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。Jackisnotthemanthathewas.杰克不是过去的他了。用正确的关系词填空①WealllikeourEnglishteacher,fromwehavelearnedalot.②Iwillneverforgetthedayonwewenttobuyguitarsintheguitarstore.③Thefoodwasforhermother,couldn’tgodowntomeethim.④Forinstance，inLima，thecapitalofPeru，therearemorethan50Chinesemedicineclinics，about70percentofweresetupbylocaldoctors.一、完成句子。根据语境，用适当的关系代词填空。1.Mr.BlackisgoingtoBeijinginOctober,_______isthebestseasonthere.2.Iwillneverforgetthedays_______Ispentwithyourfamily.3.I'llneverforgetthelastday______wespenttogether.4.Doyoustillremembertheplace______wevisitedlastweek?5.HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou,_____isfamousfortheWestLake?6.IliveinBeijing,____isthecapitalofChina.7.Itisthethirdtime______youhavemadethesamemistake.8.Itwasinthestreet_____ImetJohnyesterday.9.Itwasabout600yearsago____thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.10.Themoment_____Isawyou,Irecognizedyou.11.Whoisthestudent_____waslateforschooltoday?12.Who_____knowshimwantstomakefriendswithhim?13.Whatelsewasthereinmybrother____youdidn'tlike?14.Helivesintheroom____windowfacestothesouth.15.ThisisMr.Johnfor____sonIbroughtabookyesterday.(1)单句语法填空①Iwillneverforgetthedays________westayedtogetherinthecountryside.②Andrewlivesaloneandenjoysthepanyofapetcat________whichhe'sgrownsofond.③Thereason________hewaslatewasthatsomethingwaswrongwithhisbikeontheway.④Thehouse________whichhepaid200,000yuanisnowworth350,000yuan.⑤—Areyougettingonwellwithyourpartner?—Notatall.We'vealmostetothepoint________wehavetoseparate.用关系副词或“介词＋关系代词”将下列每对句子合并成一个句子①Yourmotheristalkingtotheboy.Doyouknowhim.__________________________________________________________________②Thefactoryisfarawayfrommyhometown.Hisfatherworksthere.__________________________________________________________________③Ididn'tethismorning.Thereasonwasthatitrainedheavily.__________________________________________________________________④YesterdayMaryboughtafewclothes.Allofthemwerebeautiful.__________________________________________________________________⑤Yousolvetheprobleminthisway.Idon'tlikeit.__________________________________________________________________二．被动语态被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数和句子时态的不同而变化。现在过去将来过去将来一般is/am/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedone进行is/am/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonewill/shallbebeingdonewould/shouldbebeingdone完成have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendoneXiaoMing’sCellphoneXiaoMing’scellphonewasbroken①byhisfatheryesterdayevening.Icouldn’tgetthroughtohimbecausethecellphonewasbeingrepaired②then.Beforethis，hiscellphonehadbeenbroken③fourtimesbecausehewascareless.XiaoMinglikedcellphonegamessomuchthathedidn’tstudyhard.Cellphonesarewidelyused④nowadays.However，manyofthemarebeingused⑤toplaygamesbyteenagers.Sofar，manyquestionshavebeenraised⑥bytheirparents.Shouldtheybeused⑦bystudents?XiaoMing’scellphonewillberepaired⑧wellsoon.MaybebynextSundaythecellphonewillhavebeenbrought⑨homeandwillbebeingused⑩toplaygamesagain.①是被动语态的一般过去时，结构为：was/were＋过去分词。②是被动语态的过去进行时，结构为：was/were＋being＋过去分词。③是被动语态的过去完成时，结构为：hadbeen＋过去分词。④是被动语态的一般现在时，结构为：is/am/are＋过去分词。⑤是被动语态的现在进行时，结构为：is/amare＋being＋过去分词。⑥是被动语态的现在完成时，结构为：have/hasbeen＋过去分词。⑦是带情态动词的被动语态，结构为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。⑧是被动语态的一般将来时，结构为：will＋be＋过去分词。⑨是被动语态的将来完成时，结构为：will＋havebeen＋过去分词。⑩是被动语态的将来进行时，结构为：will＋bebeing＋过去分词。2.主动形式表被动意义(1)“系动词look，sound，feel，smell，taste等＋形容词/名词”构成系表结构。Thesteelfeelscold.钢摸起来很凉。(2)动词need,require,want,beworth后加动词－ing形式的主动结构表被动意义。Mywatchcan’twork;itneedsrepairing.我的手表不能用了，需要修了。(3)某些可和well，easily等副词连用的不及物动词，如read，write,draw，wash，clean，cook，sell等。Nyloncleanseasily.尼龙容易清洗。一．单句语法填空①Thepartsofamuseumopentothepublic(call)galleriesorrooms.②Theartistwassurehewould(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.③And，asmorechildrenwereborn，morefood(need)．④ThisEnglishsayinghasmuchtruthinit：thebestplace(surround)byourlovedonesandwitharoofoverourhead.⑤Onthelastdayofourweek－longstay，we(invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars，listeningtomusiciansandmeetinginterestinglocals.二．单句语法填空1．Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.2．Mywashingmachinerepair)thisweek，soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.3．Nowadays，cycling，alongwithjoggingandswimming，(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.4．Ifyouleavetheclub，you(not，allow)backin.5．Igotcaughtintherainonmywayhomeandmynewsuit(ruin)．语法填空MybestfriendKaiyaislikeme.She1.____________(remind)meofmyself.Inthepast,I2.____________(be)neverconfidentbecauseofmyappearance.Peoplealwayslaughedatmyweight,myheight,myhairstyle,etc.Atthattime,Iwastheshorteststudentinmyclass.Istartedgettingdepressed.However,someonetoldmesomethingthatIwillalwaysremember.ItwasinMarch.Surroundedbyagroupofgirlswho3.____________(point)atmeandlaughedatme,Icouldn’thelpcrying.Thetearsrolleddownmyfacelikearushingriver.Tomysurprise,someoneliftedmyheadupandwipedthetearsfrommyeyes.IthenknewitwasourEnglishteacher,MissLi.Shesaid，“you4.____________(be)perfectthewayyouare.Youshouldneverchangeorhateyourself.People5.____________(accept)youforwhoyou6.____________(be)．Butifyoucannotacceptyourself,thenhowwillotherpeopleacceptyou？”I7.____________(inspire)byherwords.Overthepastfewmonths，I8.____________(learn)thatnooneisperfectandthatweallhaveflaws.NowIhavewonderfulfriendswho9.____________(love)meforwhoIam.Now,seeingKaiyacry，IdecidetotellherthesamethingMissLi10.____________(tell)me.语法填空一(2021-2022学年福建师范大学附属)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。I'vehadmyfairshareoftravellingaroundChina,andarecentweek-longtriptoGuizhouwasmyfirsttimetotheprovince.ItriedlookingupthemeaningandimportanceofthenameGuizhoubeforethetrip,___69___（basic）tohaveareasonableideaofwhatwasinstoreforme.Butthatwas___70___hardtasksoIaskedaChinesecoworkeraboutthetrip.Fromwhatshesaid,longagotheprovince___71___（name）afterafamousmountaincalled"Gui",kindofnobleandhonorableinliteraltranslationand"zhou",___72___simplymeansprovinceinChinese.___73___（keep）thatinmind,IsetoutonajourneyofdiscoveryandwhatIfoundwasattractive,aphotographer'sparadise（天堂圣地）.GenerallydescribedasamountainousprovinceinsouthwesternChina,withGuiyangas___74___（it）capital,theprovinceistrulyoneofnature'sbestkeptsecrets.paredtootherleading___75___（province）inChina,whenites___76___development,Guizhouhassomecatching-up___77___（do）.However,theprovinceremainsuniquenotonlyforisamazinglandscape（风景）___78___fortheroleitplayedinthepoliticalhistoryofmodernChinaandtheroleitistoplayintheworldaswell.二(2021-2022学年广东省惠州市)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinesecharactersaresoamazingthatevenmanyforeignersarecrazyaboutthem.Forthepastthreedecades,RichardSearshasbeenfocusedononething:tellingthestoriesbehindChinesecharacters.HisinterestinChineselanguageandcharacters____46____(date)backto1972,whenhewas____47____22-year-oldphysicsmajorintheUSA.Hebuiltawebsitein2002andnameditChineseEtymology,____48____visitorscancheckthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersinavarietyof____49____(form)forfree.Becauseofthiswell-receivedwebsite,hebecameUncleHanzi,anicknamewhich____50____(give)byChinesenetizens.InSeptember,SearssetuphisstudioinNanjingaspartofthelocalgovernment’splantopromoteChineseculture.____51____(help)bothChineseandforeignlearnershaveabetterunderstandingofChinesecharacters,thestudioconcentrates____52____tellingstoriesbehindChinesecharacterswiththeaidoftechnology.Theyhavemadeover60videosinEnglishwithChinesesubtitles(字幕)forBilibili,apopularvideowebsiteamongyoungpeople.____53____(watch)thevideosnotonlybringsfunbutalsomakespeopleknowmoreaboutChinesecharacters,leavingthemadeep____54____(impress).WiththetirelesseffortsofpeoplelikeRichardSearsandthegovernment’ssupport,morepeoplewillappreciatethebeautyofChinesecharacters____55____(full).三(2021-2022学年广东省中山市)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MarioLoutefhadlittlesleepoverthefourdaysleadinguptoSaturday,whenhepiledhis____36____(ruin)belongingsinthestreetoutsidehishomeinPrinceton,B.C.Alargepartofhismunity____37____(destroy)whentheTulameenRiveroverflowed(漫过)itsbanks,____38____(flood)homesandforcingpeopletoevacuate.Themunitystillremainsonanevacuationalert(戒备状态)butformany,likeLoutef,thedamagecouldn’tgetany____39____(bad).Athickcoatofblackearthhascoveredeverythingonthe____40____(one)floorofLoutef'shome.Hehasbeenworkingaround____41____clocksincehewasallowedaccess.Boardshavebeentornoffwalls,on____42____adirtylineabout2metersupshowshowhighthewaterrose.Loutef's____43____(lose)wasgreat.“Ialmostlosteverything.Idon'tknowwheretostart.Idon'tknowwhereit'sgoingtoend,”saidLoutef,whohaslivedinthehomeforthepastfouryears.Loutefisworkingalonebu