人教版九年级英语Unit 7知识点梳理及语法讲义（学生版）

九年级英语Unit7知识点与语法精讲精练词汇梳理词汇梳理（一）完成单词梳理：名词：1.证；证件2.安全；安全性3.耳环；耳饰4.田野；场地5.（13至19岁之间的）青少年6.诗；韵文7.社区；社团8.机会；可能性9.社会10.选择；挑选动词：1.扎；刺破；穿透2.教育；教导3.进来；进去4.管理；完成（困难的事）副词：1.严重地；差；非常形容词：1.极小的；微小的2.很坏的；讨厌的兼类词：1.（v）吸烟；冒烟（n）烟2.（adj/adv）兼职（的）3.（n）闪光灯；闪光（v）闪耀；闪光4.（n/v）哭；叫喊5.（n/v）拥抱；搂抱6.（v）举起；抬高（n）电梯；搭便车7.（v/n）感到遗憾；懊悔8.（v/n）支持(二)词汇变形小结：1.safety(n.安全；安全性)—(adj.安全的)—(adv.安全地)2.badly(adv.严重地；差)—(adj.糟糕的)—(比较级)—(最高级)3.educate(v.教育)—(n.教育)—(adj.有教育意义的)4.manage(v.完成；应付)—(n.管理者）—(n.经营；管理)5.society(n.社会）—(adj.社会的)6.enter(v.进来；进去)—(n.入口）7.choice(n.选择；挑选)—(v.选择)8.regret(v.遗憾；后悔)—(过去式/过去分词)【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空Wewereworriedaboutthechildren’s_____________(safe).TheyaretalkingaboutChinese_____________(educate).Stayinguptoolatetolookthroughthose_____________(society)mediawebpagesisbadforourhealth.Myfatherusedtobeaheavy_____________(smoke).Butnowheisahealthypersonaftergivingitup.Thelittleboyhadno_____________(choose)buttowaitoutside.TheBeltandRoadForum（一带一路高峰论坛）_____________(hold)successfullyinBeijinglastmonth.WhenIrealizedmymistake,I_____________(regret)nottakingmymother’sadvice.Theoldmanwashitbyacarandhisrightlegwas_____________(bad)hurt.Whatwillhappentohimifhedoesn’t_____________(success)?Theplanewascheckedcarefullyafter_____________(land)successfullylastweekend.(三)短语攻关：回嘴；顶嘴 避免接近；远离 自己做决定 挡……的路；妨碍 驾照 担心 对……感到兴奋 回想 对某人要求严格 对某事要求严格 最终成为 最后 做出选择 举起 确保给某人一个拥抱 使某事被做 后悔做了某事 很遗憾去做某事继续做某事知识点梳理知识点梳理1.Idon’tthinksixteenyearoldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.我认为不应该允许16岁的青少年开车。【句式剖析】Idon’tthinksixteenyearoldsshouldbeallowedtodrive.省略了引导词that的宾语从句，从句使用了被动语态主句，don’tthink为否定前移省略了引导词that的宾语从句，从句使用了被动语态主句，don’tthink为否定前移【用法详解】1.否定前移：（1）当主句主语是I或we，谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等时，其后的宾语从句若是否定句，否定词要前移到主句上，即I/Wedon’tthink/believe/suppose/expect...，翻译时，主句中的否定词要变成对宾语从句的否定。Eg.Idon’tthinkhecanethisevening.我认为他今晚不会来。（2）含有否定前移结构的句子变反意疑问句时，附加疑问部分的主语和谓语要与从句的主语和谓语保持一致。Eg.Idon’tbelievedifferencesareimportantinafriendship,arethey?我们认为差异在友谊中并不重要，是吗？【图解助记】2.sixteenyearolds意为“16岁的青少年”，它是一个合成名词，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。而sixyearold意为“十六岁的”，作定语修饰名词。Eg.Ithinksixteenyearoldsshouldbeallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.我认为应该允许16岁的青少年选择他们自己的衣服。3.允许某人做某事允许做某事被允许做某事Eg.Theteacherallowedhimtogointotheclassroom.老师允许他进入教室。Wedon’tallowedsmokinginpublic.我们不允许在公共场合吸烟。Passengersarenotallowedtosmoke.乘客不被允许吸烟。【即学即用】1.shouldbeaskedtohelpwithhouseworkathome.A.TenyearoldB.Tenyearolds C.TenyearoldD.Tenyearsold2.Idon’tthinkshewillagreewithus,?A.willshe B.won’tshe C.don’tyou D.doyou3.Theirparentsdon’tallowthemintheriverbecauseit’sreallydangerous.A.swim B.swimming C.toswim D.swam4.Attention,please.Withoutpermission,childrenarenotallowedalonehere.A.toswim B.swimming C.swim 2.Sixteenyearoldsshouldbeallowedtogettheirearspierced.应该允许16岁的青少年扎耳洞。【用法详解】getearspierced意为“扎耳洞”，表示被别人扎耳洞。重点：getsthdone相当于havesthdone，意为“使某事被做；请别人来做某事”，其中done是动词的过去分词，作宾语补足语。Eg.Mybikeisbroken.Iwanttogetitrepaired.我的自行车坏了，我想找人修一下。【即学即用】1.Tom,whyareyouinsuchahurry?Oh,mybikeisbroken.I’mgoingtohaveit.A.repairing B.repaired 2.Thepassengersgettheirluggage（行李）beforetheygetontheplane.A.examining B.toexamine C.examined D.tobeexamined3.Mywatchdoesn'twork.I'llgetit(repair).3.Theyaren’tseriousenough.他们还不够认真。【用法详解】enough意为“足够的”，既可作形容词也可作副词。名前形副后enough+名词名前形副后enough+名词形容词/副词+enough足够的钱enoughmoney足够漂亮beautifulenough【即学即用】1.Cathycheckedherpaper________sothatshecouldgetgoodgradesthistime.

A.carefulenoughB.enoughcarefulC.enoughcarefully D.carefullyenough2.Itwas________forustosolvethemathproblem.Fewofuscouldevenunderstandit.A.easyenough B.enougheasy C.difficultenough D.enoughdifficult3.Amandareadthearticle________,andfoundsomethingimportantinit.A.enoughcarefulB.carefullyenoughC.enoughcarefullyD.carefulenough4.Heshouldstopwearingthatsillyearring.他应该停止戴那只可笑的耳环。【易混辨析】重点：stopdoingsth与stoptodosthstopdoingsth表示停止正在做的事Bill,stopsmoking,andyou’llgetbettersoon.比尔，停止吸烟，你很快就会好转的。stoptodosth表示停止正在做的事去做另外一件事I’mhungry.Let’sstoptohavesomething.我饿了。咱们停下来吃点东西吧。【即学即用】1.Mysisterfeltwellagainandshestopped(take)themedicine.2.Thechildiscrying.Pleasedosomethingtomakehim________.A.stoptocryB.stopcryingC.tostopcryingD.tostoptocry5.WhenIwasatinybabycryingallnight,mymomsangtomeandstayedbymyside.当我是一个整夜哭闹的小婴儿时，妈妈为我唱歌，并陪伴在我身边。【用法详解】（1）现在分词短语作后置定语：在本句中cryingallnight作定语，修饰baby。在英语中，某些定语放在被修饰词之后，叫作“后置定语”。现在分词（ving）短语作定语时一般后置。Eg.Thegirlwearingaredskirtisnotthefirst,butthethird.这个穿红裙子的女孩不是第一名，而是第三名。【拓展延伸】单个的现在分词作定语时，要放在被修饰词之前，如fallingleaves（正在飘落的树叶），boilingwater（沸水）等。（2）staybyone’sside意为“在某人身边；不离某人左右”Eg.Whateverhappens,Iwillalwaysstaybyyourside.无论发生什么事，我都会一直陪在你身旁。【即学即用】1.—Who’stheboyinwhiteTshirt________underthetree?—Myfriend.A.standB.tostandC.stoodD.standing6.Iregrettalkingback,notlisteningtoMom.我后悔（跟妈妈）顶嘴，没有听妈妈的话。【易混辨析】易错点：regretdoingsth与regrettodosthregretdoingsth表示“后悔做了某事（已做）”Iregrettedmissingagoodchance.regrettodosth表示“很遗憾去做某事（未做）”IregrettotellyouthatIcan’tattendthemeeting.【拓展延伸】regret作动词时，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词都要双写t，即regretted,regretted,regretting。【即学即用】1.WhenIthinkbacktothosedays,Iregrettomymother.A.totalkback B.talkingback C.talkedback D.talkback2.Iregrettedwithmyparents.SoIsaidsorrytothem.Theysaidthattheywouldn’tbeangrywithmebecausetheylovedmesomuch.A.argue B.arguing C.toargue 7.ButItalkedbackloudly...但是我大声顶嘴……【用法详解】talkback为固定短语，后常接介词to，引出顶嘴的对象。Eg.Youshouldn’ttalkbacktoyourbosslikethat.你不应该那样和你的老板顶嘴。【拓展延伸】back常用短语归纳：lookbackgivebackebacktakebackthinkbackcallback8.Thehouseworkwillbedoneintheafternoon.家务将在下午做。【用法详解】一般将来时的被动语态本句含有一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为“willbe+及物动词的过去分词”，表示动作将要被做，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。Eg.Aletterwillbesenttoyoubythebossinoneortwoweeks.一到两周后，将会寄给你一封来自老板的信件。【即学即用】1.Thevillagersexpectthatthebuildingofthebridgebeforetherainyseasones.A.ispleted B.waspletedC.willbepletedD.pleted9.Thisway,whentheystartworkingthaycanmanagetheirownlives.这样，当他们开始工作时，他们就能够应付自己的生活。【易混辨析】managetodosth与trytodosthmanagetodosth“设法做成某事”，强调通过努力达到了目的，结果是成功的AlthoughIfellovermanytimes,Imanagedtoskateatlast.尽管我摔倒了很多次，但是我最终会滑冰了。trytodosth“尽力做某事”，强调过程，结果不一定是成功的Itriedtosolvethemathproblem,butIfailed.我尽力解答这道数学题，但我失败了。【拓展延伸】manage作动词，还可意为“管理；负责（公司、队伍、组织等）”，可转化为名词管理者manager。Eg.Hisfatherisamanager.Hemanagersanadvertisementpany.Hedoeswellinmanagement.他父亲是一位管理者，管理着一家广告公司。他擅长管理。10.Butsometimesthesecangetinthewayofthisschoolwork...但是有时这些业余爱好会妨碍他们的功课……【易混辨析】getinthewayof/ontheway/bytheway/inaway/inthisway短语意义及用法例句getinthewayof“妨碍，挡道”，后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式Don’tplayputergamessomuch.Itwillgetinthewayofyourstudies.onthewayto“在去...的路上”，可构成短语onone’swaytoIboughtsomechocolateonmywaytoschool.bytheway“顺便说或问一下”，常用作插入语Bytheway,canyoutellmehowmuchitis?inaway“在某种程度上”，常用作插入语Inaway,it’scrucialtous.inthisway“以这种方式”，作状语YoucanlearnEnglishwellinthisway.【即学即用】1.Canyouworkouttheproblem_______anotherway?A.by B.to C.accordingto D.in’llfinishitinanhour,_______,haveyouseenHenry?A.intheway B.inaway C.bytheway D.ontheway’llneverplayputergames.Itgets_______thewayofmyschoolworkseriously.A.in B.to C.on D.by11.Wehavenothingagainstrunning!我们不反对跑步！【用法详解】against作介词，在此处意为“反对”，其反义词是for（支持）。beagainst(doing)sth反对（做）某事。Eg.I’magainsttheplan.我反对这个计划。Weareagainstcuttingdowntoomanytrees.我们反对过度伐木。【拓展延伸】against的其他常见含义：against用法例句意为“紧靠”Hisbikeisagainstthewall.他的自行车靠在墙边。意为“与……对抗”Ourschoolwillplayagainsttheirschoolinthebasketballgame.我们学校将与他们学校进行一场篮球对抗。意为“碰；撞”Therainbeatagainstthewindow.雨敲打着窗户。havenothingagainststh/doingsth意为“不反对某事/做某事”Wehavenothingagainstrunning!我们不反对跑步！【即学即用】1.It’sherwishtostudyinAmerica,butherparentshopethatshecanstudyabroad.A.against B.for C.by 2.Althoughhewasmyopinion,theoldprofessordidn’teupwithhisown.A.for C.on D.in12.OnlythenwillIhaveachancetoachievemydream.只有那样我才有机会实现自己的梦想。【句式剖析】本句是一个部分倒装结构。正常语序为：Iwillhaveachancetoachievemydreamonlythen.【用法详解】当only位于句首，其后接副词、介词短语或状语从句时，句子要用部分倒装结构。即：only+副词/介词短语/状语从句+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+其他。（注意：如果only后跟的是主语，则不用倒装结构）Eg.OnlyrecentlyhaveIbeentoHongKongDisneyland.直到最近，我才去过香港迪士尼乐园。Onlythreepeoplewerehurtinthecaraccident.在车祸中只有三个人受伤。【即学即用】1.Onlyfourmonthslaterhowimportantthesuccessis.A.herealizes B.hewillrealize C.willherealize D.realizeshe2.Onlyyesterdayfindoutthathispursewaslost.A.hewas B.washe C.didhe D.hedid课堂小测一、单项选择1.Ifyoufighthard,knowwhoyouare,andareproudofwhoyouare,you’llgetagoodofwinning.A.choice B.chance C.decision 2.IsyourEnglishteacherstrictyou?Yes.Sheisalsostrictherwork.A.in;in B.in;with C.with;with D.with;in’dbetterknockatthedoorbeforeyoutheroom.Ifnobodyanswersthedoor,youshouldwaitoutsidepatiently.A.enter B.leave C.forget 4.Myparentstellmetheyhavenothingagainstbuttheyjustdon’tlikeit.A.dancing B.todance C.dances 5.—Jim,yourhairistoolong.—OK,Mom.I’llgetittomorrow.A.cuts B.cutted C.cut 6.Didyoutalkbacktoyourmotherwhenyouwereachild?Yes.ButnowIrealizeIwaswrong.Ireallyregret________thatsillythingstomymother.A.do B.todo C.doing D.did7.________shouldnotbeallowedtostayoutlate.A.Fifteenyearsold B.FifteenyearoldsC.fifteenyearold D.Fifteenyearsold8.Mom,I’mnotalittleboyanylonger.IthinkI’m________tochoosemyownfriends.A.youngenough B.enoughyoung C.oldenough D.enoughold9.Inthesummercamp,theboylearnedtoallkindsofdifficulties.A.manage B.support C.remain 10.Nothingcangetoftherelationshipbetweenamotherandherchildren.A.ontheway B.bytheway C.intheway D.attheway11.Thesummerholidayisontheway.We’llhavemorefreedom..Butweshouldlearntomanageourselves.A.I’dlovetoB.IagreewithyouC.I’mafraidIwon’tD.Soundsgood12.Theyoungboyspenttoomuchtimeputergames.Itwasnotahealthyhabit.A.playing B.plays C.played D.toplay13.—Heisonlytenyearsold.Idon’tthinkhetoridehisbikeinthestreet.—Youareright.Itmaybedangerous.A.shouldallowB.shouldbeallowed C.beallowed D.shouldn’tbeallowed14.Itriedtomakethebabybysinging,andthatworkedwellatlast.A.tostoptocry B.tostopcrying C.stoptocry D.stopcrying15.Ifyouwanttotakecareofyourhealth,youshouldjunkfood.A.keepawayfromB.lookforwardtoC.getalongwith D.makefriendswith二、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Althoughitwasahardjob,mysistermanaged(finish)itontime.2.Iregret(talk)withthestranger,becauseItoldhimsomeofmypersonalinformation.3.Foryour(safe),smokingisnotallowedduringthewholeflight.4.MyteammemberswereangrybecauseIplayedso(bad).5.Incoldweather,it’shardtogetthecar(start).将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当形式Itomymotheryesterday,soshewasangrywithme.（顶嘴）Teenagershavetheabilitytobyhimself.（做选择）Youmustyourchildrenfortheirhealthygrowth.（对……严格）Youareoldenoughto.（自己做决定）Hehadtoafterwork,becausehehadabigfamilytosupport.（做兼职）四、完形填空Doyoulikeplayingfootball?Itissopopularamongboysnowadays.Johnny,atwelveyearoldboy,(1)likesitverymuch.Heusedto(2)itinhisroom.Hisparentswereveryangryandtoldhimseveral(3)nottoplayfootballathomebecausehecouldbreak(4),butheneverlistened.LastSunday,his(5)wentoutforawalkandJohnnycouldn’thelpplayingfootballagain.Hewasenjoyinghisgameinthelivingroom(6)hisparentscaminandsawhim.“Oh,myGod,Johnny,youknowthatplayingwithyourballathomeisnot(7).Wearevery(8)aboutyouandaregoingtogiveyourballtoanotherkid.Youshouldobey（遵守）therules(9)youareathome.”Johnny’sfathersaid.Johnnyfeltverysad.He(10)thatitwashismistake.Hedecidedtoobeytheruleslater,notonlyathome,butalsoatschool.（）1.A.badly B.wisely C.truly D.carefully（）2.A.catch B.play C.leave D.act（）3.A.times B.days C.months D.years（）4.A.nothing B.anything C.something D.everything（）5.A.friends B.parents C.teachers D.classmates（）6.A.where B.why C.which D.when（）7.A.allowed B.asked C.afforded D.avoided（）8.A.disappointedB.pleased C.interested D.relaxed（）9.A.becauseof B.sothat C.ratherthan D.evenif（）10.A.managed B.remained C.realized D.examined语法精讲语法精讲含情态动词的被动语态一、语法概述含情态动词的被动语态的基本构成是：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。常考的情态动词有：should,can/could,must,may/might,need二、含有情态动词的被动语态的句式结构句式结构肯定句主语＋情态动词＋bedone（＋by＋宾语）否定句主语＋情态动词＋not＋bedone（＋by＋宾语)一般疑问句情态动词＋主语＋bedone（＋by＋宾语)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词＋情态动词＋主语＋bedone（＋by＋宾语)Eg.EnglishmustbeusedintheEnglishclub.在英语俱乐部必须使用英语。Magazinescan’tbetakenoutofthelibrary.不能把杂志带出图书馆。Shouldtherulesbechanged?这些规章制度应该改吗？Whencanthebridgebepleted?这座桥什么时候能够完工？含有情态动词的主动句和被动句之间的转换把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语；含有情态动词的主动句变被动句时，不要忘记情态动词和be哦！把主动句中的谓语变为“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”；含有情态动词的主动句变被动句时，不要忘记情态动词和be哦！主动句的主语在被动句中变为by的宾语；其他成分不变。►我们应该在春天种树。主动句主动句Weshouldplantreesinspring.被动句Treesshouldbeplantedbyusinspring.【即学即用】按要求改写句子1.Youshouldfinishyourhomeworkfirst.（改为被动语态）→.2.Theroommustbecleanedtoday.（改为一般疑问句）→?3.Thiskindofplantcanbewateredeveryday.（改为否定句）→.4.WeshouldbeallowedtosearchtheInternetbyourteachereveryday.（改为主动语态）→.语法小测一、单项选择1.—It’sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriver.—Ithinkabridgeovertheriver.A.shouldbebuilt B.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuilt D.wasbuilt2.ThankstotheInternet,differentkindsofinformationinashorttime.A.canbelearned B.hasbeenlearned C.canlearn D.haslearned3.HowoftendoIneedtofeedthedog?Itfoodeveryday,oritwillbehungry.A.mustgive B.mustbegive C.mustbegiven D.mustbegave4.—Finalexamising,Tom.Don’twatchTVfortoolong.—I’mnotachildanymore.Iwhattodo.A.shouldalwaysbetold B.shouldalwaystell’talwaysbetold ’talwaystell5.Teenagersshouldtotakecareofthemselvesfromayoungage.A.educate B.beeducating C.haveeducated D.beeducated6.Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdon’tknowhowlongitmay.Fortwoweeks.A.keep B.beborrowedC.borrow D.bekept7.Mustwecleantheclassroomnow?No,youneedn’t.Itafterschool.A.mayclean B.mustcleanC.needbecleaned D.canbecleaned8.Boysandgirls,thebooksinthelibraryshouldgoodcareof.A.take B.aretakingC.betaken D.