医学课件：肝细胞癌(英文版)

xx年xx月xx日医学课件：肝细胞癌(英文版)CATALOGUE目录IntroductiontoHepatocellularCarcinomaDiagnosisandStagingofHepatocellularCarcinomaManagementofHepatocellularCarcinomaCATALOGUE目录PrognosisandSurvivalofHepatocellularCarcinomaHepatocellularCarcinomaPrevention01IntroductiontoHepatocellularCarcinomaDefinitionHepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC)isaprimarymalignancythatoriginatesfromhepatocytes.Itisthemostcommontypeoflivercancer,accountingforapproximately90%ofcases.CharacteristicsDefinitionandCharacteristicsofHepatocellularCarcinomaEpidemiologyofHepatocellularCarcinomaHCCmostcommonlyoccursinindividualsaged50yearsandolder,withamale-to-femaleratioofapproximately3:1.IncidenceAgeandsexdistr…RiskfactorsThepathogenesisofHCCismultifactorialandincompletelyunderstood.PathogenesisofHepatocellularCarcinoma02DiagnosisandStagingofHepatocellularCarcinomaUltrasoundDetectsHCCnodules>2cmwithhighaccuracyandcanidentifyadditionallesionsmissedbyCT/MRI.ImagingDiagnosisofHepatocellularCarcinomaComputedTomogra…MagneticResonan…ElevatedlevelsofAFParefoundin>50%ofpatientswithHCC.However,AFPlevelscanbenormalin20-30%ofpatientswithHCC.SerumMarkersofHepatocellularCarcinomaElevatedserumLDHlevelsarefoundinpatientswithHCCandcorrelatewithtumorsizeandstage.PlateletcountsaredecreasedinpatientswithHCCduetohypersplenismandbonemarrowinvasion.Alpha-fetoprotein…Lactatedehydroge…PlateletcountClassifiesHCCinto5stagesbasedontumorstage,patientsymptoms,andliverfunction.ThissystemiscommonlyusedforHCCprognosisandtreatmentplanning.BarcelonaClinicLiver…TNMstagingsystemStagingSystemsforHepatocellularCarcinoma03ManagementofHepatocellularCarcinomaHepatectomysurgicalremovalofthetumorbypartialresectionoftheliver,withtheaimofobtainingtumor-freemargins.要点一要点二LivertransplantationSurgicalManagementofHepatocellularCarcinomatreatmentwithanticancerdrugsthatareadministeredintravenouslyandreachtheliverandtumortissuethroughthebloodstream.SystemicchemotherapyRegionalchemotherapyChemotherapyforHepatocellularCarcinomaEGFRinhibitorsdrugsthatblocktheactivityoftheepidermalgrowthfactorreceptor(EGFR)onthesurfaceoflivercancercells,preventingcelldivisionandgrowth.VEGFinhibitorsdrugsthatblocktheactivityofvascularendothelialgrowthfactor(VEGF),aproteininvolvedinangiogenesis(growthofnewbloodvessels)inlivercancer,therebystoppingtumorgrowth.TargetedTherapyforHepatocellularCarcinomaImmunecheckpointinhibitors要点一要点二AdoptivecelltherapyImmunotherapyforHepatocellularCarcinoma04PrognosisandSurvivalofHepatocellularCarcinomaTumorstageatd…PrognosticFactorsforHepatocellularCarcinomaLiverfunctionr…Degreeofmalign…Overallsurvivalra…Forpatientswithhepatocellularcarcinoma,theoverall5-yearsurvivalrateisapproximately10%.However,survivalratesvarydependingonthestageofthetumoratdiagnosisandotherfactors.Stage-specificsurv…SurvivalRatesforHepatocellularCarcinomaPhysicaleffectsPsychologicaleffectsFunctionalstatusQualityofLifeafterTreatmentforHepatocellularCarcinoma05HepatocellularCarcinomaPreventionAvoidinghepatitis…Throughvaccination,avoidanceofsharedneedles,andreductionofmother-to-childtransmission.Avoidinghepatitis…Throughavoidanceofsharedneedlesandeducationforintravenousdrugusers.PrimaryPreventionofHepatocellularCarcinomaScreening要点一要点二TreatinghepatitisBvirusTreatingchronichepatitisBvirusinfectionwithantiviraldrugstoreducetheriskoflivercancer.SecondaryPreventionofHepatocellularCarcinomaTertiaryPreventionofHepatocellularCarcinomaLivertransplantationisatreatmentoptionforearly-stagehepatocellular