2023年6月大学英语四级真题试卷（三）及答案

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1.

Directions:

Suppose

the

student

union

of

your

university

is

organizing

an

online

discussion

on

interpersonal

relationships.

You

are

to

write

an

essay

on

ways

to

maintain

a

warm

and

friendly

relationship

with

your

classmates

and

on

the

benefits

of

such

a

relationship.

You

will

have

30

minutes

for

the

task.

You

should

write

at

least

120

words

but

no

more

than

180

words.

【正确答案】

On

Interpersonal

Relationships

Establishing

and

maintaining

good

interpersonal

relationships

is

crucial

for

our

lifelong

success.

Then,

how

can

we

build

warm

and

friendly

interpersonal

relationships

on

campus?

The

following

principles

might

be

of

great

significance.

First

of

all,

show

empathy.

In

the

face

of

challenges,

or

even

conflicts

in

interpersonal

interaction,

we

need

to

put

ourselves

in

others'

shoes

and

learn

to

get

along

with

classmates

with

an

inclusive

and

considerate

mind.

Besides,

be

honest

and

trustworthy,

since

it

is

not

only

a

valuable

quality,

but

also

a

magic

weapon

to

unite

people.

Last

but

not

least,

listen

patiently

and

express

properly.

Without

either,

it

is

quite

difficult

to

achieve

effective

communication

with

each

other.

Nurturing

harmonious

interpersonal

relationships

is

conducive

to

reducing

stress,

expanding

interpersonal

network,

and

enhancing

team

spirit.

Therefore,

it

is

well

worth

investing

time

and

effort

in

cultivating

and

maintaining

good

interpersonal

relationships

on

campus.

词汇理解

The

Noor

solar

power

station

is【C1】_________in

the

city

of

Ouarzazate

and,

once

completed,

will

generate

580

million

watts

of

electricity.

The

World

Bank

estimates

it

will

serve

1.1

million

people.

It's【C2】_________to

be

completed

soon.

Morocco's

current

energy

comes【C3】_________from

imports.

The

nation

hopes

to

get

50

percent

of

its

energy

from

renewable

sources

by

2030.

With

demand

for

energy【C4】_________at

an

annual

rate

of

7

percent,

the

new

solar

plant

could

be

a【C5】_________part

of

that

goal.

"This

makes

Morocco

a

big【C6】_________in

the

field

of

solar

energy

in

the

Arab

region

and

the

African

continent.

It

could

also

be

a

forerunner

for

many

other

countries

in

the

world

that【C7】_________on

foreign

imports

of

energy,"

said

Ali

Hajji,

a

solar

energy

specialist

and

engineering

professor.

Experts

believe

that

the

Middle

East

and

North

Africa

have

huge【C8】_________for

solar

energy

projects.

This

is

partly

because

of

adequate

sunlight

and

partly

because

technology

has

become

more【C9】_________in

the

region.

"The

last

few

years

have

seen

a

realization

of【C10】_________how

competitive

solar

technologies

can

be,"

said

Michael

Taylor,

a

senior

analyst

at

the

International

Renewable

Energy

Agency.

A)

affordable

I)

mostly

B)

ancestor

J)

operating

C)

crucial

K)

perhaps

D)

depend

L)

pioneer

E)

initial

M)

potential

F)

insist

N)

rising

G)

just

O)

scheduled

H)

located

【正确答案】

2.【C1】

【正确答案】H

【试题解析】

空格前是系动词is，空格后是介词in，因此本空应填入一个词，构成短语be________in。空格所在句指出，努奥太阳能发电站________瓦尔扎扎特。由句意可知，本句介绍努奥太阳能发电站的位置，因此本空应填入含有“位于”因此排除。

3.【C2】

【正确答案】O

【试题解析】

空格前是系动词is，空格后是to

do不定式，因此本空应填入满足该结构的词。空格所在句的意思是：________不久后就会完工。由句意可知，该太阳能发电站仍未完工，且像这样巨大的工程项目都有计划表，所以本空应填入表示“计划，安排”意义的词，由此确定答案为O)scheduled。备选的其他选项均没有此含义，因此排除。

4.【C3】

【正确答案】I

【试题解析】

空格前有动词comes，后面是介词短语，因此本空应填入副词。空格所在句的意思是：摩洛哥目前的能源_________来自进口。结合常识可知，摩洛哥国土面积较小，资源匮乏，因此其能源主要来自进口，所以本空应填入含有“主要地，多数地”意义的副词，由此确定答案为I)mostly。备选的其他副词均没有此含义，因此排除。

5.【C4】

【正确答案】N

【试题解析】

空格所在的部分是With引导的复合结构，因此本空应填入动词的-ed形式、-ing形式或形容词。空格所在句的意思是：随着能源需求以每年7％的速度_________，新的太阳能发电站可能是实现这一目标的__________部分。本文第一段提到，摩洛哥正在通过建设世界上最大的太阳能发电站之一来应对日益增长的能源需求。由此可知，摩洛哥能源需求在增长，因此本空应填入含有“增长”意义的词，由此确定答案为N)rising,，其他备选项均没有此含义，因此排除。

6.【C5】

【正确答案】C

【试题解析】

空格前为不定冠词a，后面是名词part，因此本空应填入形容词。空格所在句的意思是：随着能源需求以每年7％的速度增长，新的太阳能发电站可能是实现这一目标的________部分。文章第一段提到，摩洛哥正在通过建设世界上最大的太阳能发电站之一来应对日益增长的能源需求，因此太阳能发电站对实现这一目标至关重要，所以本空应填入含有“重要的”意义的形容词，由此确定答案为C)crucial。备选的其他形容词均没有此含义，因此排除。

7.【C6】

【正确答案】L

【试题解析】

空格前有不定冠词a和形容词big，后面是介词词组，因此本空应填入名词。空格所在句的意思是：这使摩洛哥成为阿拉伯地区和非洲大陆太阳能领域的一个重要_________。下一句提到，这也可能是一个先例，该句中的主语It指的是摩洛哥，由also可知本空所填的词应与forerunner同义，因此本空应填入含有“先锋，先驱”意义的名词，由此确定答案为L)pioneer。备选的其他名词均没有此含义，因此排除。

8.【C7】

【正确答案】D

【试题解析】

空格所在部分是由that引导的定语从句，其先行词是countries，that在定语从句中作主语，因此本空应填入动词作定语从句的谓语。空格所在句的意思是：对于世界上许多________外国进口能源的国家来说，这也可能是一个先例。第三段第一句提到，摩洛哥目前的能源主要来自外国进口，因此它是一个依赖外国进口能源的国家。由此可知，本空应填入含有“依赖”意义的动词，而且该动词可与on搭配，由此确定答案为D)depend。备选的其他动词均没有此含义，因此排除。

9.【C8】

【正确答案】M

【试题解析】

空格前有形容词huge，后面是介词词组，因此本空应填入名词。空格所在句的意思是：专家认为，中东和北非在开发太阳能项目方面有巨大的_________。而下一句指出这些地区阳光充足，而这是发展太阳能项目的利好条件，说明中东和北非适合开发太阳能项目，因此本空应填入含有“可能性，潜力”意义的名词，由此确定答案为M)potential。备选的其他名词均没有此含义，因此排除。

10.【C9】

【正确答案】A

【试题解析】

空格前有系动词become，因此本空应填入形容词。空格所在句的意思是：部分原因在于充足的阳光，部分原因在于该地区的技术变得更_________。空格处应该是指与adequate

sunlight一样的开发太阳能项目的利好条件。将备选的形容词代入句中，只有affordable符合句意，有利于太阳能项目的开发，由此确定答案为A)affordable。

11.【C10】

【正确答案】G

【试题解析】

空格前有of，空格及其后的从句作of的宾语，而how引导的从句成分完整，因此本空应填入副词作状语。空格所在句的意思是，过去几年，人们

意识到了太阳能技术的竞争力。本句意在强调人们对太阳能技术重视，因此本空应填入表示强调意义的副词，由此确定答案为G)just。备选的其他副词均没有此含义，因此排除。

长篇阅读

New

Formula

One

Chief

Hopes

to

Grab

Americans'

Attention

A)

For

the

past

four

decades,

the

leader

of

Formula

One

car

racing,

one

of

the

biggest

annual

sporting

series

in

the

world,

was

Bernie

Ecclestone,

a

former

motorcycle

parts

dealer

who

built

it

into

an

international

presence

essentially

on

his

own.

B)

A

skilled

backroom

operator

who

speaks

without

a

filter,

Ecclestone

said

often

that

in

his

opinion,

the

sport

was

at

its

best

when

he

was

allowed

to

act

as

"a

dictator."

C)

Yet

now

the

dictator

is

gone.

After

an

American

company,

Liberty

Media,

acquired

the

Formula

One

competition

recently,

Chase

Carey—a

former

executive

with

Fox

Broadcasting

Company

and

DirecTV

who

by

his

own

admission

is

not

a

fierce

racing

fan—was

named

to

replace

Ecclestone

and

to

try

to

renovate

the

organization's

management,

reach

and

ambition.

D)

Among

the

goals,

Carey

said

in

an

interview

on

Tuesday,

is

one

that

just

about

every

global

sport

seems

interested

in

chasing:

increasing

interest

in

the

United

States.

"People

have

said

we're

going

to

'Americanize'

it,"

Carey

said.

"And

we're

not

going

to

do

that

totally.

But

realistically,

there

are

some

elements

of

Americanization

that

the

sport

could

use."

E)

While

Formula

One

commands

enormous

audiences

throughout

much

of

the

world,

many

American

sports

fans

know

it

as

that

other

motorsport,

the

one

that

is

not

Nascar

(纳斯卡车赛).

Formula

One

teams

race

far

more

technologically

advanced

vehicles

around

tracks

all

over

the

world—in

magnificent

events

in

places

like

Malaysia,

Monaco,

Singapore

and

the

United

Arab

Emirates,

and

on

tradition-rich

tracks

like

Silverstone

in

England

and

Monza

in

Italy

too.

F)

The

series

has

an

annual

race

in

Austin,

Texas.

But

within

"a

few

years,"

Carey

said,

he

plans

to

bring

another

to

a

destination

American

city,

like

New

York,

Los

Angeles,

Miami

or

Las

Vegas.

Carey's

ambitious

plan

is

two-fold:

first,

change

the

business

model

of

Formula

One,

which

he

said

was

a

"one-man

show"

under

Ecclestone

that

had

a

largely

narrow

vision

when

it

came

to

negotiating

partnership

deals;

and

second,

alter

the

way

fans

experience

the

sport,

both

in

person

and

remotely,

so

that

connections

between

the

audience

and

people

within

the

series

are

easier

to

make.

G)

Increased

digital

access

for

fans,

a

more

behind-the-scenes

experience

for

broadcast

viewers

and

innovation

in

areas

like

virtual

reality—what

is

it

like

to

speed

around

a

track

inside

a

Ferrari?

—are

among

the

possibilities.

"The

sport

has

clearly

been

underserved,"

Carey

said.

"It

doesn't

do

anything

digitally.

There's

no

marketing.

It

doesn't

tell

any

stories.

The

goal

in

this

is

to

make

the

fans

connect

to

the

live

experience

as

much

as

possible,

and

the

tools

you

have

to

do

that,

we're

not

using

at

all."

H)

The

larger

question,

though,

is

a

familiar

one：Is

there

room

for

Formula

One

in

the

ever-crowded

sports

landscape

of

the

United

States?

Opinions

vary,

particularly

because

viewing

habits

among

consumers

continue

to

evolve.

John

Bloom,

a

professor

at

Shippensburg

University

who

has

studied

American

sports

history,

said

the

biggest

challenge

for

any

sport

trying

to

increase

its

presence

in

the

United

States

was

framing

itself

in

a

way

that

had

lasting

appeal.

"Sports

generally

become

popular

in

some

way

because

they

establish

a

narrative,"

Bloom

said.

"When

I

think

of

motorsports

in

the

U.S.,

what

we

all

think

of

is

Nascar,

and

the

narrative

of

Nascar

is

sort

of

rural,

white,

working-class

Americans,

mostly

in

the

South,

connecting

with

the

atmosphere

of

those

races.

That's

the

narrative.

When

I

think

of

the

narrative

of

Formula

One,

it's

a

very

different

kind

of

audience."

I)

That

difference,

Carey

said,

is

significant.

While

some

might

immediately

link

Formula

One

to

Nascar

in

terms

of

American

growth,

Carey

said

Formula

One's

brand

research

had

indicated

there

was

very

little

crossover;

rather,

Formula

One

fans

generally

cite

other

so-called

elite

events,

like

Wimbledon

or

the

Ryder

Cup,

as

competitions

they

enjoy.

"Other

than

they're

both

cars,

the

Nascar

fan

base

is

a

very

different

fan

base,"

Carey

said.

"It's

a

very

regional

fan

base.

Formula

One

is

a

global,

famous

brand

of

stars.

These

are

machines

that

shock

and

awe

you."

J)

Carey's

background

is

in

deal

making

and

innovation.

At

Fox

Broadcasting

Company,

he

was

a

top

advisor

for

years,

known

for

his

skill

in

helping

to

lead

the

launch

of

the

company

into

sports,

as

well

as

the

start

of

Fox

News

Channel.

After

going

to

DirecTV,

he

positioned

the

satellite

provider

as

a

mainstream

option

in

millions

of

households.

K)

Now,

after

Liberty

Media

paid

$

4.4

billion

to

acquire

Formula

One,

he

is

charged

with

making

the

investment

pay

off.

"I

think

they

can

build

Formula

One

in

the

U.S.,"

said

Patrick

Crakes,

an

executive

at

InVivo

Media

Group

who

spent

25

years

at

Fox

Broadcasting

Company

before

leaving

in

2016

as

a

senior

manager

at

Fox

Sports.

"People

don't

work

on

their

cars

anymore.

They

don't

want

that

connection

anymore.

It's

about

technology

and

pushing

the

limits.

It's

about

speed,

danger

and

risk.

And

Formula

One

has

that

more

than

any

other

racing

series."

L)

That

is

what

hooked

Carey,

and

he

said

he

thought

his

experience

was

not

unusual.

He

recalled

attending

Formula

One's

Monaco

race

last

year

and

being

overwhelmed

by

the

ceremony

leading

up

to

the

event,

the

way

the

race

charmed

the

city

for

days

ahead

of

the

start.

In

his

mind,

it

felt

like

a

Super

Bowl

(超级碗橄榄球赛).

M)

Then,

on

race

day,

he

watched

as

the

cars

rocketed

out

of

a

tunnel

and

went

screaming

toward

a

tight

turn

with

the

city's

harbor

and

the

Mediterranean

Sea

in

the

background

framing

the

scene.

He

was

fascinated.

"You

can't

help

but

be

awed,"

he

said,

"and

I

think

that

feeling

can

be

translated

to

the

viewer."

N)

He

added:

"The

broader

sport

is

a

little

too

inward-looking,

and

we

need

to

be

more

open.

In

some

ways,

I'm

glad

to

be

coming

from

the

outside.

The

guys

who

are

in

the

sport

forever

are

sitting

there

saying:

'We

can't

do

that.

We

can't

do

that

because

it's

never

been

done

that

way.'"

【正确答案】

12.Chase

Carey

believes

greater

use

should

be

made

of

digital

technology

to

make

Formula

One

more

accessible

to

its

fans.

【正确答案】G

【试题解析】

细节归纳题。定位句指出，为粉丝增加数字观赛渠道，为广播观众提供了更多的幕后体验，并在虚拟现实等领域进行创新，目标是让粉丝尽可能多地与现场体验联系起来。题干中的greater

use对应定位句中的Increased，题干中的accessible对应定位句中的access，故答案为G)。

13.Chase

Carey

was

deeply

impressed

by

the

ceremony

preceding

last

year's

Monaco

race.

【正确答案】L

【试题解析】

同义转述题。定位句指出，他回忆起去年观看了一级方程式摩纳哥站的比赛，比赛前的仪式就令他大吃一惊。题干中的deeply

impressed对应定位句中的overwhelmed，题干中的preceding对应定位句中的leading

up

to，故答案为L)。

14.One

of

Chase

Carey's

goals

is

to

make

Formula

One

more

appealing

to

Americans.

【正确答案】D

【试题解析】

同义转述题。定位句指出，凯里的其中一个目标就是：让美国人对这项运动感兴趣。题干中的more

appealing对应定位句中的increasing

interest，题干中的Americans对应定位句中的in

the

United

States，题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为D)。

15.A

former

motorbike

parts

dealer

led

Formula

One

for

the

past

forty

years.

【正确答案】A

【试题解析】

细节归纳题。定位段指出，在过去的四十年中，世界上最大的年度体育系列赛之一，一级方程式赛车的领导人一直都是伯尼.埃克莱斯顿。他曾是一名摩托车零件经销商，基本上凭一己之力将其打造成了一项国际赛事。题干中的A

former

motorbike

parts

dealer对应定位段中的a

former。motorcycle

parts

dealer，题干中的forty

years对应定位段中的four

decades，故答案为A)。

16.Chase

Carey

thought

the

audience

of

Formula

One

could

be

made

to

share

his

feeling

about

the

race.

【正确答案】M

【试题解析】

同义转述题。定位句指出，“你会不由自主地感到敬畏，”他说，“我认为这种感觉可以传达给观众。”题干中的audience对应定位句中的viewer，题干中的share

his

feeling对应定位句中的be

translated

to，题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为M)。

17.Chase

Carey

used

to

serve

as

a

top

advisor

for

a

major

broadcasting

company.

【正确答案】J

【试题解析】

同义转述题。定位句指出，在福克斯广播公司，他多年来一直担任高级顾问。题干中的top

advisor在定位句中直接出现，题干中的major

broadcasting

company对应定位句中的Fox

Broadcasting

Company，题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为J)。

18.Chase

Carey

intends

to

make

connections

easier

between

the

audience

and

the

Formula

One

racers.

【正确答案】F

【试题解析】

同义转述题。定位句指出，凯里的计划之一是改变粉丝体验这项运动的方式，无论是近距离观赛还是远程视听体验，这样才更容易建立观众和赛事参与者之间的联系。题干中的easier在定位句中直接出现，题干中的the

Formula

One

racers对应定位句中的people

within

the

series，题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为F)。

19.The

new

leader

of

Formula

One

admitted

he

was

not

super

interested

in

car

racing.

【正确答案】C

【试题解析】

细节归纳题。定位句指出，一家美国公司最近收购了一级方程式赛事。在这之后，蔡斯.凯里被任命接替埃克莱斯顿，并试图在企业管理、企业影响力和企业目标这三个方面进行革新。蔡斯·凯里自己也承认他不是一个狂热的赛车迷。题干中的The

new

leader

of

Formula

One对应定位句中的Chase

Carey…was

named

to

replace

Ecclestone，题干中的admitted对应定位句中的admission，题干中的not

super

interested

in

car

racing对应定位句中的not

a

fierce

racing

fan，故答案为C)。

20.People's

opinions

differ

as

to

whether

Formula

One

can

be

promoted

in

the

U.S.

【正确答案】H

【试题解析】

同义转述题。定位句指出，在日益拥挤的美国体育界，一级方程式还有立足之地吗?对此，人们各持己见。题干中的opinions

differ对应定位句中的Opinions

vary，题干中的be

promoted

in

the

U．S．对应定位句中的room

for

Formula

One

in

the

ever-crowded

sports

landscape

of

the

United

States，题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为H)。

21.Compared

with

other

racing

series,

Formula

One

focuses

more

on

speed

and

involves

more

danger.

【正确答案】K

【试题解析】

同义转述题。定位句指出，这关乎速度、关乎危险、关乎风险。一级方程式赛事比任何其他系列赛都更具这些特点。题干中的Compared

with

other

racing

series对应定位句中的more

than

any

other

racing

series，题干是对定位句的同义转述，故答案为K)。

仔细阅读

Supermarkets

have

long

been

suffering

as

one

of

the

thinnest-margined

businesses

in

existence

and

one

of

the

least-looked-forward-to

places

to

work

or

visit.

For

more

than

a

decade,

they

have

been

under

attack

from

e-commerce

giants,

blamed

for

making

Americans

fat,

and

accused

of

contributing

to

climate

change.

Supermarkets

can

technically

be

defined

as

giants

housing

15,000

to

60,000

different

products.

The

revolutionary

idea

of

a

self-service

grocery,

where

people

could

hunt

and

gather

food

from

aisles

rather

than

asking

a

clerk

to

fetch

items

from

behind

a

counter,

first

came

about

in

America.

There

is

some

debate

about

which

was

the

very

first,

but

over

the

years

a

consensus

has

built

around

King

Kullen

Supermarket,

founded

in

New

York

in

1930.

For

some

300

years,

Americans

had

fed

themselves

from

small

stores

and

public

markets.

Shopping

for

food

involved

mud,

noisy

chickens,

clouds

of

flies,

nasty

smells,

bargaining,

and

getting

short-changed.

The

supermarket

imitated

the

Fordist

factory,

with

its

emphasis

on

efficiency

and

standardization,

and

reimagined

it

as

a

place

to

buy

food.

Supermarkets

may

not

feel

cutting-edge

now,

but

they

were

a

revolution

in

distribution

at

the

time.

They

were

such

strange

marvels

that,

on

her

first

official

state

visit

to

the

United

States

in

1957,

Queen

Elizabeth

II

insisted

on

an

impromptu

(即兴的)

tour

of

a

suburban-Maryland

Giant

Food.

The

typical

supermarket

layout

has

barely

changed

over

the

past

90

years.

Most

stores

open

with

flowers,

fruit

and

vegetables

at

the

front

as

a

breath

of

freshness

to

arouse

our

appetite.

Meanwhile,

they

keep

the

milk,

eggs,

and

other

daily

basics

all

the

way

back

so

you'll

travel

through

as

much

of

the

store

as

possible,

and

be

tempted

along

the

way.

In

the

early

days,

as

the

supermarket

multiplied,

so

did

our

suspicion

of

it.

We

have

long

feared

that

this

"revolution

in

distribution"

uses

corporate

black

magic

on

our

appetite.

The

book

The

Hidden

Persuaders,

published

in

1957,

warned

that

supermarkets

were

putting

women

in

a

"hypnoidal

trance

(

催眠恍惚状态),"

causing

them

to

wander

aisles

bumping

into

boxes

and

"picking

things

off

shelves

at

random."

【正确答案】

22.What

problem

have

supermarkets

been

facing?

（A）They

are

actually

on

the

way

to

bankruptcy.

（B）They

have

been

losing

customers

and

profits.

（C）They

are

forced

to

use

e-commerce

strategies.

（D）They

have

difficulty

adapting

to

climate

change.

【正确答案】B

【试题解析】

细节辨认题。定位段提到，长期以来，超市一直都是利润最微薄的行业之一，也是人们最不期待去工作和光顾的地方之一。十多年来，超市一直受到了来自电子商务巨头的冲击，被指责不但造成了美国人发胖，还加剧了气候变化。由此可知，超市的顾客和利润一直在减少，故答案为B)。

23.What

does

the

passage

say

about

the

idea

of

a

self-service

grocery?

（A）It

was

put

forward

by

King

Kullen.

（B）It

originated

in

the

United

States.

（C）It

has

been

under

constant

debate.

（D）It

proves

revolutionary

even

today.

【正确答案】B

【试题解析】

细节辨认题。定位句提到，自助式杂货店这个想法最早起源于美国，故答案为B)。

24.What

did

supermarkets

do

by

adopting

the

Fordist

factory

approach?

（A）They

modernized

traditional

groceries

in

many

ways.

（B）They

introduced

cutting-edge

layout

of

their

stores.

（C）They

improved

the

quality

of

the

food

they

sold.

（D）They

revolutionized

the

distribution

of

goods.

【正确答案】D

【试题解析】

细节辨认题。定位句指出，超市模仿了福特主义工厂的理念，注重效率和标准化，并将其重新构想为购买食物的场所。尽管如今超市可能已不再具备前沿感，但在当时，超市可是销售领域的一场革命。由此可知，超市通过采用福特工厂的方法，将其应用到购买食物的场景中，由此改变了食物的销售方式，故答案为D)。

25.What

is

the

typical

supermarket

layout

intended

to

do?

（A）Arouse

customers'

appetite

to

buy

flowers,

fruit

and

vegetables.

（B）Provide

customers

easy

access

to

items

they

want

to

buy.

（C）Induce

customers

to

make

more

unplanned

purchases.

（D）Enable

customers

to

have

a

more

enjoyable

shopping

experience.

【正确答案】C

【试题解析】

推理判断题。定位段指出，典型的超市布局会在前面设有鲜花、水果和蔬菜，唤起我们的食欲。将牛奶、鸡蛋等其他日常基本商品都放置在最内侧，顾客需要穿过尽可能多的区域才能购买到必须要买的日用品，从而在途中受到诱惑，增加更多的非计划购买，故答案为C)。

26.What

have

people

long

feared

about

supermarkets?

（A）They

use

tricky

strategies

to

promote

their

business.

（B）They

are

going

to

replace

the

local

groceries

entirely.

（C）They

apply

corporate

black

magic

to

the

goods

on

display.

（D）They

take

advantage

of

the

weaknesses

of

women

shoppers.

【正确答案】A

【试题解析】

推理判断题。定位句指出，人们长期以来一直担心这种“分销革命”会利用企业的黑魔法来操纵他们的欲望。下一句以女性逛超市，经常漫无目的地徘徊，随机购物为例，说明超市用策略增加人们的消费。由此可见，人们一直担心超市用策略推销自己的生意，故答案为A)。

The

traditional

school

year,

with

three

months

of

vacation

every

summer,

was

first

implemented

when

America

was

an

agricultural

society

and

the

summer

months

were

needed

for

farm

work.

Since

then,

we've

completely

changed

as

a

nation.

Students

no

longer

spend

summers

farming,

but

they

aren't

in

school,

either.

The

average

American

student

receives

13

weeks

off

from

school

each

calendar

year—with

about

11

of

those

during

the

summer.

Few

other

countries

have

more

than

seven

weeks

off

in

a

school

calendar.

With

the

U.S.

lagging

behind

other

countries

in

academics,

it's

time

to

consider

year-round

schooling.

One

benefit

of

this

change

is

that

students

will

not

fall

victim

to

the

"summer

slide,"

or

the

well-documented

phenomenon

where

students

forget

some

of

the

knowledge

they

have

acquired

when

too

much

time

is

taken

off

from

school.

Decades

of

research

shows

that

it

can

take

from

8

to

13

weeks

at

the

beginning

of

every

school

year

for

students

to

get

back

to

where

they

were

before

the

summer

holiday.

But

year-round

schooling

isn't

just

about

academics.

Teachers

and

students

experience

a

closer

relationship

in

year-round

schools

than

they

do

in

traditional

schools

and,

in

the

absence

of

any

long-term

break,

students

do

not

feel

detached

from

the

school

environment.

These

closer

bonds

and

greater

attachment

pay

off.

Research

shows

that

students

in

year-round

schools

are

more

self-confident

and

feel

more

positive

about

their

schooling

experience.

But

don't

kids

need

time

to

relax?

Some

childhood

development

experts

believe

that

time

off

from

school

is

vital

to

healthy

development

as

kids

are

not

designed

to

spend

so

much

of

their

time

inside

classrooms

and

the

summer

break

provides

a

perfect

opportunity

to

get

outside.

The

problem

with

this

argument

is

that

most

children

aren't

playing

outside

or

even

spending

time

with

other

kids.

While

some

children

visit

summer

camps,

most

stay

at

home,

watching

TV

or

playing

games

on

electronic

devices,

which

hardly

benefits

them.

The

U.S.

has

changed

from

a

farming

economy

to

a

knowledge-

and

innovation-based

economy,

so

it

makes

sense

for

the

school

year

to

change

as

well.

【正确答案】

27.Why

did

America's

traditional

school

year

have

a

three-month

summer

vacation?

（A）Students

needed

to

help

with

farm

work.

（B）Students

needed

time

to

learn

necessary

farming

skills.

（C）The

agricultural

society

then

attached

less

importance

to

academics.

（D）America

lagged

behind

other

countries

in

making

a

scientific

school

calendar.

【正确答案】A

【试题解析】

细节辨认题。定位句指出，传统的学年，每年夏天有三个月的假期，最初是在美国还是农业社会时实施的，夏季的几个月需要从事农场工作，故答案为A)。

28.What

benefit

will

year-round

schooling

bring

students

in

addition

to

improving

their

learning?

（A）It

will

help

them

get

back

to

where

their

lessons

started.

（B）It

will

enable

them

to

absorb

what

they

have

learned.

（C）It

will

familiarize

them

with

the

school

environment.

（D）It

will

strengthen

their

relationship

with

teachers.

【正确答案】D

【试题解析】

细节辨认题。第二段主要论述了全年制学校教育在学术方面的好处，第三段则补充说明其在其他方面的益处。第三段第二句中提到，相较于传统的学校，在全年制学校里，老师和学生会形成一种更为亲密的关系，故答案为D)。

29.What

do

some

childhood

development

experts

believe

about

the

long

summer

vacation?

（A）It

meets

students'

need

to

study

on

their

own.

（B）It

enables

students

to

learn

about

the

outside

world.

（C）It

satisfies

students'

desire

to

stay

longer

at

home.

（D）It

contributes

to

students'

healthy

growth.

【正确答案】D

【试题解析】

细节辨认题。定位句指出，一些儿童发展专家认为，放假对孩子的健康发展至关重要，因为孩子们不适合在教室里花那么多时间，而暑假提供了一个外出的绝佳的机会，故答案为D)。

30.What

is

the

argument

against

the

experts'

idea

of

a

long

summer

vacation?

（A）It

does

little

good

to

most

students.

（B）It

benefits

few

students

playing

outside.

（C）It

leads

students

to

neglect

their

studies.

（D）It

makes

students

addicted

to

computer

games.

【正确答案】A

【试题解析】

细节辨认题。定位句指出，这种观点的问题在于，大多数孩子都不出去玩，甚至不花时间和其他孩子在一起。虽然有些孩子参加夏令营，但大多数孩子待在家里看电视或玩电子游戏，这对他们几乎没有好处。因此，答案为A)。

31.What

does

the

author

think

of

the

traditional

school

year

in

the

U.S.

today?

（A）Well-grounded.

（B）Culture-bound.

（C）Outdated.

（D）Welcomed.

【正确答案】C

【试题解析】

观点态度题。定位段指出，美国已经从农业国家转变为以知识和创新为基础的经济体，因此改变学年也是有意义的。言外之意是传统学年的设置是过时的，故答案为C)。

翻译-汉译英

32.

改革开放40多年以来，中国政府对高等教育越来越重视，高等教育已经进入稳步发展阶段。高校学生总数已接近4，700万人，位居世界第一。随着我国经济的快速发展，人民生活水平不断提高，越来越多的人渴望接受高等教育。我国高校的数量和学科专业持续增加，招生人数逐年上升，教学质量也在不断改进，为更多年轻人创造了接受高等教育的机会。

【正确答案】For

more

than

40

years

since

the

reform

and

opening

up

policy

was

adopted,

the

Chinese

government

has

attached

more

and

more

importance

to

higher

education,

which

has

entered

a

stage

of

steady

development.

The

total

number

of

university

students

has

reached

nearly

47

million,

ranking

first

in

the

world.

With

the

rapid

development

of

China's

economy

and

the

continuous

improvement

of

Chinese

people's

living

standards,

an

increasing

number

of

people

are

eager

to

receive

higher

education.

The

number

of

universities

and

disciplines

in

China

have

been

on

the

increase,

the

number

of

enrollments

is

rising

year

by

year,

and

the

teaching

quality

is

improving,

creating

opportunities

for

more

young

people

to

receive

higher

education.

短篇新闻

33.

（A）A

man

was

bitten

by

a

snake.

（B）A

man

was

taken

to

a

hospital.

（C）A

man

kept

a

4-foot

snake

as

a

pet.

（D）A

man

fell

off

his

toilet

seat.

【正确答案】A

【听力原文】(1)Police

have

reported

a

man

being

bitten

by

a

4-foot

snake

when

he

lifted

his

toilet

seat

on

Sunday

morning.

The

snake

was

not

poisonous,

so

the

man

did

not

have

to

go

to

the

hospital,

but

his

arm

was

medically

treated

at

the

scene.

(2-1)The

police

officer

interviewed

told

news

reporters

the

snake

didn't

belong

to

the

man

and

it

was

unclear

how

it

got

into

the

apartment.

The

snake

was

eventually

captured

by

the

local

animal

handlers

and

taken

to

an

animal

hospital

afterward.

It

was

being

treated

for

an

outer

skin

infection.

(2-2)

It

was

unclear

who

the

owner

was.

The

snake

may

be

taken

to

a

local

zoo

for

care

if

the

owner

does

not

come

forward.

Over

the

years,

other

creatures

like

frogs

and

fish

have

found

their

way

into

toilets.

But

this

was

the

first

instance

of

a

snake

in

recent

years.

1.

What

do

we

learn

from

the

police

report?

2.

What

does

the

report

say

was

still

unclear?

【试题解析】

细节辨认题。新闻开头指出，警方报告称，周日上午一名男子在提起马桶座圈时被一条4英尺长的蛇咬伤。由于蛇没有毒，男子未去医院。因此，答案为A)。

34.

（A）Taking

her

trash

out

in

fancy

dresses.

（B）Amusing

herself

by

going

to

ball

parties.

（C）Sharing

her

photos

with

famous

movie

stars.

（D）Posting

her

daughter's

photos

on

social

media.

【正确答案】A

【听力原文】(3-1)Every

week

since

last

April,

Andrea

Belcher

has

been

doing

something

slightly

unusual

and

amusing

when

she

takes

out

her

trash.

It

all

started

off

when

a

movie

star

shared

a

photo

of

herself

putting

her

trash

bins

out

in

a

ball

gown.

This

inspired

Andrea

to

get

dressed

up

to

take

out

the

trash.

She

was

too

embarrassed

to

do

it

during

the

day.

So

one

dark

evening,

she

put

on

her

black

off-the-shoulder

gown

and

put

her

trash

bin

out.

Her

daughter

filmed

it

and

the

whole

family

laughed,

but

it

seemed

to

go

down

well.

(3-2)

The

following

weeks,

she

found

other

outfits

in

her

dressing-up

box,

and

dressed

up

as

different

characters

and

famous

people,

sharing

her

exploits

on

social

media.

Before

long,

people

started

offering

up

their

own

fancy

dresses

for

her

to

wear.

And

before

she

knew

it,

she

had

done

20

weeks.

(4)Explaining

why

she

has

kept

up

the

videos,

Andrea

explained

how

nice

it

was

to

have

a

little

bit

of

fun

and

craziness

that

made

people

smile.

Besides,

it

also

helps

to

remind

people

in

the

community

to

put

out

their

trash

bins

each

week.

3.

What

has

Andrea

Belcher

been

doing

since

last

April?

4.

Why

has

Andrea

Belcher

kept

up

her

videos?

【试题解析】

细节推断题。新闻开头指出，自去年4月以来，安德里亚.贝尔彻每周都会在倒垃圾时做一些稍微不寻常和有趣的事情。接下来具体说明电影明星穿舞会礼服倒垃圾的照片激发了她的灵感，于是她晚上倒垃圾时会盛装打扮成不同的角色和名人并拍摄下来。由此可知，首句中不寻常和有趣的事指的就是盛装倒垃圾。因此,答案为A)。

35.

（A）Eat

as

much

as

they

want

for

$

10.

（B）Have

a

chance

of

winning

a

$

100

prize.

（C）Have

a

meal

even

if

they

have

no

money.

（D）Get

a

free

meal

after

answering

some

questions.

【正确答案】C

【听力原文】(5)No

money

but

still

hungry?

No

problem!

Welcome

to

Frank's

restaurant

where

customers

are

paying

for

meals

and

leaving

receipts

on

a

board.

Anyone

who

is

hungry

and

wants

something

to

eat

can

take

one,

no

questions

asked

and

hand

it

to

the

staff

for

some

food.

(6)The

idea

for

the

board

of

free

meals

started

after

a

donor

came

in

with

$

100

for

each

member

of

its

staff.

After

two

staffers

returned

to

their

share,

there

was

$

700

leftover

according

to

Tarah

Morris,

the

owner

of

the

restaurant,

so

they

decided

to

do

something

more

by

creating

the

board.

The

board

of

free

meals

inside

the

restaurant

shows

a

host

of

potential

meals

already

paid

for

by

customers,

each

costing

about

$

10.

The

board

has

messages

of

kindness

like,

"If

you

want

more

kindness

in

the

world,

put

it

here."

(7)The

drive

has

been

going

on

for

two

weeks

and

Morris

said

just

under

50

customers

have

picked

up

a

free

meal.

There

have

been

no

reports

of

anyone

taking

advantage

of

the

situation.

In

fact,

there

are

a

lot

more

people

giving

tickets

than

receiving.

It

seems

people

want

to

help

and

are

driven

by

helping

others.

5.

What

can

people

do

at

Frank's

restaurant?

6.

What

does

the

owner

of

the

restaurant

say

about

the

idea

for

the

board

of

free

meals?

7.

What

has

happened

at

Frank's

restaurant

since

the

board

of

free

meals

was

cr