考研《英语一》2023年伊春市金山屯区深度自测卷含解析

考研《英语一》2023年伊春市金山屯区深度自测卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Thankstoacombinationofyoungbusinessmen,largenumbersofuniversitystudentsandrevitalization(新生)effortsbythelocalandnationalgovernments,today’sNanjinghasan1ofyouthfulexuberance(繁茂)thatwouldhavebeen2onlyafewdecadesago.3,thecity,aboomingcityof6.5milliononthebanksoftheYangtzeRiversome185mileswestofShanghai,bears4resemblancetotheformercapitalofChinathatsufferedtheworstcrueltyandviolenceofWorldWarII.5Nanjinghasshownaremarkablecapacityforreinventionduringits2,500-yearhistory.Andinrecentyears,thecityhasmoved6itstragicpasttobecomeavitalengineofChina’seconomicgrowth,thanks7toitspositioninthemiddleofChina’sprosperouseasternseaboard.Growthhasalso8thankstoimprovedgroundtransportation:AnewbullettrainlinkingNanjingandShanghaistartedservicelastyear,9traveltimebetweenthecitiesfromseveralhourstojust75minutes,andaBeijing-Shanghaihigh-speedlineis10toopenlaterthisyear,withastopinNanjing.Withinthecity,twometrolineswerebuiltinthelastfewyears;15moreareplannedtobeginserviceby2030.SignsofNanjing’s11wealthandoptimismcanbeseeneverywhere.IntheheartofthedowntownXinjiekoudistrict,abronzestatueofSunYat-sen,12thefatherofmodernChina,looks13overabusy14area.Thereisperhapsnomore15symbolofthecity’stransformationthantheZifengTower,a1,480-footskyscraperthatopeneditsdoorslastMay.16offices,restaurantsandanInterContinentalhotel,thetoweristhesecond-tallestbuildinginChinaandbilledastheseventh-tallestintheworld.UnderlyingallthisdevelopmentisalargeChineseand17studentpopulation—thereareseveralmajoruniversities,plusabranchofJohnsHopkins’sinternationalstudiesschool.Infact,artandmusic18inallsortsofplaces.Onalarger19,localgovernmentofficialsandprivateinvestorsarepushingthecityasarisingcenterforcontemporaryartandarchitecture,hopingtoattract20fromtheneon-bathedstreetsofitsneighborShanghai.1、A．advanceB．affectionC．airD．ability2、A．unforgettableB．unthinkableC．unbearableD．unnecessary3、A．ActuallyB．RegretfullyC．HopefullyD．Consequently4、A．closeB．slightC．muchD．little5、A．BecauseB．ButC．AsD．Since6、A．beyondB．onC．offD．out7、A．inadditionB．inallC．inpartD．infact8、A．startedB．enlargedC．existedD．accelerated9、A．removingB．cuttingC．dividingD．lowering10、A．scheduledB．inventedC．desiredD．meant11、A．attractiveB．well-receivedC．newfoundD．discovered12、A．thoughtB．treatedC．consideredD．elected13、A．outB．atC．aboutD．for14、A．remoteB．regionalC．ruralD．commercial15、A．universalB．visibleC．traditionalD．political16、A．KeepingB．ConsistingC．OpeningD．Housing17、A．BritishB．westernC．AmericanD．foreign18、A．springupB．standupC．setupD．keepup19、A．extentB．degreeC．scaleD．level20、A．businessmenB．studentsC．touristsD．paintersSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1DryIceisauniquesubstancewhichhasmanyuses.Essentially,dryiceisfrozenCO2.ThefirstreportofwhatwenowcalldryicecamefromtheFrenchchemistCharlesThilorierin1834.In1924,theDryleeCorporationofAmericanamedthesolidformofCO2as"DryIce",whichiswhatitispopularlycalledtoday.Atnormalatmosphericpressure,CO2changesdirectlyfromsolidtogas.Itskipstheliquidphase（阶段）whichmakesregularicewet.FrozenCO2isalsomuchcolderthanregularice.Butregularicefreezesat32degreesFahrenheit,CO2changesfromgastosolidat-109.3degreesFahrenheit.Thisextremelycoldtemperaturemakesitverydangeroustohandlewithbarehands.Itcancausefrostbiteinaveryshortperiodoftime.Dryicehasbeenusedforavarietyofpurposesthroughoutthepastcentury.Itsprimaryuseistorefrigeratefoodwhenelectricalrefrigerationisn'tavailable.Throughtheprocessofsublimation(whenCO2changesfromsolidtogas),itcanmaintaincoldfoodforalongtime.Ifyou'veeverbeentoaplayandseenheavyfogontheground,itislikelythatyouhaveseendryiceinaction.ThiseffectcanbeachievedbecauseCO2isheavierthanair,soevaporated（挥发的）CO2willsinkandaccumulateontheground.Anotherinterestinguseforthissubstanceistobait（诱杀）insectslikemosquitoes.TheseinsectshavesensorswhichguidethemtoCO2.TheyfindthehighconcentrationofCO2indryicequiteattractive.Marshaslongbeenamysteryforhumanbeings.WehavebeenlookingforevidenceoflifeonMars.Inthe1960sscientistsguessedthatthepolaricecapofMarswasmadeoffrozenCO2.MorerecentobservationshaveshownthatwhilethetopmostlayerconsistsoffrozenCO2,themostofitisprobablyregularfrozenwater.1、FrozenCO2getsitsnameof"DryIce"mainlybecauseA．itisveryeasytomakeitdryB．wecan'tmeltitanditdoesn'tgetwetC．itlookslikeiceatalowtemperatureD．itissolidlikeiceat-109.3degreesFahrenheit2、Theunderlinedword"frostbite"inthesecondparagraphprobablymeansA．theshakescausedbycoldB．damagecausedbyfreezingC．afevercausedbybeingcoldD．asharppaincausedbybums3、Accordingtothepassage,dryicecanbeusedtoA．freezemostoffoodinthenextcenturyB．increasetheproductionoffarmingC．makeavividfogeffectonstagesD．helptoimprovetheenvironment4、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．DryiceonMarsisnearthepolar.B．NotmuchdryicehasbeenfoundonMars.C．ThepolaricecapofMarsisunique.D．NofrozenCO,onMarscanbemelt.Text2Theyear2117willbeaneventfuloneforart.InMayofthatyearinBerlin,thephilosopher-artistJonathonKeats’“centurycameras”—cameraswitha100-year-longexposure(曝光)time—willbebroughtbackfromhidingplacesaroundthecitytohavetheirresultsdevelopedandexhibited.Sixmonthsafterthat,theFutureLibraryinOslo,Norway,willopenitsdoorsforthefirsttime,presenting100booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedinthedistantpastof2017.AsKatiePaterson,thecreatoroftheFutureLibrary,putsit:“FutureLibraryisanartworkforfuturegenerations.”Theseprojects,morethanacenturyinthemaking,arepartofanewwaveofslowartintendedtopushviewersandParticipantstothinkbeyondtheirownlifetimes.Theyaimtochallengetoday’sshort-termthinkingandthebriefattentionspansofmodernconsumers,forcingpeopleintoconsideringworksmoredeliberately.Intheirway,too,theyarefightingagainstmodernculture—notjustregardingmoney,butalsothewayinwhichartisticworthismeasuredbyattention.Inasimilarfashion,everyAprilonSlowArtDay,visitorsareencouragedtostareatfiveworksofartfor10minutesatatime—atoughtaskfortheaveragemuseumvisitor,whotypicallyspendslessthan30secondsoneachpieceofart.LiketheFutureLibrary,thecenturycamerasareverymuchaprojectforcities,sinceit’sincitiesthattimerunsfastestandthepaceoflifeisfastest.“SinceIstartedlivinginacity,I’vesomehowbeenquitedisconnected,”AnneBeateHovind,theFutureLibraryprojectmanager,whodescribedhowworkingonthelibrarydrewherbacktothePaceoflifesheknewwhenshewasgrowinguponafarminheryouth,toldTheAtlanticmagazine.1、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwillNOThappenin2117?A．Acamerawhichwasproduced100yearsagowillbeexhibited.B．TheFutureLibrarywillbe0pentothepublicforthefirsttime.C．Photoswitha100-yearexposuretimewillbedevelopedandexhibited.D．Booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedin2017willbedisplayed.2、Whatcanwelearnabouttoday’speople’sattitudetowardworksofart?A．Theyconsiderworksdeliberately.B．TheyspendlittletimeonWorks.C．Theyspendmuchmoney0nworks.D．Theystareatworksfor10minutesatatime.3、Whatisthepurposeofthewaveofslowart?A．Toadvocatecreatingworksofartslowly.B．Toprotectworksofartfrombeingdamaged.C．Topromoteworksofartformodernculture.D．Toencouragepeopletopaymoreattentiontoworksofart.4、HowwouldAnneBeateHovindfeelaboutthecitylife?A．It’sdiscouragingB．It’sdullC．Itsdeveloped.D．It’sbusyText3EducatorsacrosstheUSarecallingformajorchangestotheadmissionsprocessinhighereducation.TheHarvardschoolofGreduateEducation,alongwith80otherschoolsandorganizations,releasedareportcalled"TurningtheTideMakingCaringCommon”inJanuary,2016.Thereportarguesthattheprocessschoolsusetochoosestudentscausesmajorproblems.DavidHawkinsistheExecutiveDirectorforEducationalContentandPolicyattheNationalAssociationforCollegeAdmissionsCounseling.HawkinstoldVoiceofAmericathatmostcollegesanduniversitiesrequiremanythingsfromstudentswhentheyapply.Schoolsusuallyaskforanessaydescribingastudent'sinterestsorwhytheywanttostudyatthatschool.Theschoolsalsoaskforlettersfromteachersorotherresponsibleadultsdescribingwhyastudentisagoodcandidate.But,Hawkinssays,theareathatschoolsaremostconcernedaboutisastudent'shighschoolgradesandstandardizedtestresults.Thereportsuggeststhatpayingattentiontoacademicsuccessoverotherqualitiesworkswellforsomestudentsbuthurtsothers.Inaddition,academicsuccessisnotthemostimportantqualityastudentshouldhave.Moreattentionshouldbepaidtoshowingwhetherornotastudentwantstodowellintheworld,accordingtothereport.Thereportgoesontostatethatthebestwaytochangetheadmissionsprocessisbychangingcollegeapplications.Itsuggeststhatschoolsshouldaskforevidencethatstudentscareaboutotherpeople.Butthereportdoeshaveitscritics.BobSchaeffer,PublicEducationDirectorfortheNationalCenterforFairandOpenTesting,saidthateveryfewyears,someonemakesthesameargumentforchanges,butnorealchangehashappedyet.Evenmanyoftheschoolsthatagreewiththereportstillmakenochanges.LloydThacker,ExecutiveDirectoroftheEducationConservancy,saidthatuntilamajorityofschoolsagreetomakethechanges,therewillstillbeproblems.However,hesaid,theadmissionsprocesswasbetterinthepast.Ifbadchangescanaffecttheprocess,socangoodones.1、Whatistheproblemsoftheadmissionsprocessaccordingtothereport?A．Theschoolsasktoomanythingsfromtheapplyingstudents.B．Theschoolsattachtoomuchimportancetostudents’academicrecordsC．ThenumberofstudentsgettingadmittedistoosmallD．Admissionsofficersconsidertoomanyunimportantfactors2、Whatisusuallymissinginanessay?A．ThereasonstoattendtheschoolB．AdescriptionofinterestsC．RecommendationlettersfromadultsD．Evidencethatstudentscareaboutothers3、BobSchaefferarguesthat_________.A．notallchangesaregoodB．thelargestschoolsareexpectedtomakechangesfirstC．noschoolscurrentlyagreewiththereportD．someschoolsdon’tmakechangeseveniftheyagree4、What’sLloydThacker’sattitudetowardthepossiblechangeintheadmissionsprocess?A．ConfidentB．NegativeC．DoubtfulD．UnclearText4AGuidetotheUniversityFoodTheTWUCafeteriaisopen7amto8pm.Itservessnacks,drinks,icecreambarsandmeals.YoucanpaywithcashoryourIDcards.YoucanaddmealmoneytoyourIDcardsattheFrontDesk.Evenifyoudonotbuyyourfoodinthecafeteria,youcanusethetablestoeatyourlunch,tohavemeetingsandtostudy.Ifyouareoncampusintheeveningorlatatnight,youcanbuysnacks,fastfood,anddrinksintheLowerCafélocatedinthebottomleveloftheGouglasCentre.Thisareaisoftenusedforentertainmentsuchasconcerts,gamesorTVwatching.RelaxationTheGlobe,locatedinthebottomlevelofMcMillanHall,isavailableforrelaxing,studying,cooking,andeating.Monthlyactivitiesareheldhereforallinternationalstudents.Hoursare10amto10pm,closedonSundays.HealthLocatedonthetopfloorofDouglasHall,theWellnessCentreiscommittedtophysical,emotionalandsocialhealth.Adoctorandnurseisavailableifyouhavehealthquestionsorneedimmediatemedicalhelporpersonaladvice.Thecostofthisisincludedinyourmedicalinsurance.HoursareMondaytoFriday,9amtonoonand1:00to4:30pm.TransportationTheTWUExpressisashuttleservice.Theshuttletransportsstudentsbetweencampusandtheshoppingcentre,leavingfromtheMattsonCentre.Operationhoursarebetween8amand3pm.Saturdaysonly.Roundtripfareis$1.1、WhatcanyoudointheTWUCafeteria?A．DohomeworkandwatchTVB．HavemealsandmeetwithfriendsC．BuydrinksandenjoyconcertsD．AddmoneytoyourIDandplaychess2、Whereandwhencanyoucookyourownfood?A．TheTWUCafeteria,FridayB．TheLowerCafé,SundayC．TheGlobe,FridayD．TheMattsonCentre,Saturday.3、TheGuidetellsusthattheWellnessCentre_________.A．givesadviceonmentalhealthB．offersservicesfreeofchargeC．trainsstudentsinmedicalcareD．isopensixdaysaweekPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)I’marock­climbingguideClimbingtherocksandmountainsinYosemiteNationalPark1．(be)mylife’spassionsinceIwas2．MorethantenyearsagoIstartedseeingalotofwaste,3．(include)toiletpaper，beercans，andemptyboxes，aroundthearea4．wasbeyondmewhyvisitorsstartedrespectingtheplacelessandtreatedsuchabeautifulhome­likeplacethiswayItriedpickinguptrashmyself，butIwouldspendanhourortwoonthejob，only5．(find)theareatrashedalloveragainweekslaterIdecidedsomethinghadtochangeIset6．dateforacleanuptogetherwithsomeotherclimbers7．(expect)，morethan300peopleshowedupWecollectedabout6,000poundsoftrashoverthreedaysItwas8．(amaze)howmuchwewereabletoaccomplish—theparklookedclean!Ioftenhearpeoplecomplainabouttheir9．(surround)Iwanttosaytheonlywaytochangethingsisbydoingratherthan10．(complain)WeneedtoteachbyexampleWecannotblameothers11．westartwithourselvesOnOct．16，2018，oneofthetwoco﹣foundersofMicrosoft，PaulG．Allen，1．（die）atage65fromcancer．When2．comestoMicrosoft，thefirstpersonwethinkof3．（be）BillGates，theotherco﹣founderofthefirm．However，Allenwasjustasimportanttothe4．（create）ofthecompany．Allenwas，manypeoplesay，amuchquieterperson．Hewascontentwiththesciencesideofthings，whileGateshasthe5．（good）headforbusiness．WhenthepairstartedMicrosoftinthemid﹣1970s，theyfocusedonthemicrocomputerindustry．Microcomputersweresmallcomputers6．（design）tobeusedinthehome．7．theylacked，though，wasanoperatingsystem，whichiswhereMicrosoftcamein．Thecompany'sbigbreakcamein1980，8．MicrosoftcreatedtheMS﹣DOSoperatingsystem．LatercameWindows．AfterAllenpassedaway．BillGatesmadeastatement9．（praise）Allen，"Eveninhighschool，beforemostpeopleknewwhatapersonalcomputerwas，Paulpredictedthatchipswouldgetsuper﹣powerfulandwould10．（eventual）giverisetoawholenewindustry．SectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Withthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology，thefunctionsofcellphoneshavechangedgreatly.1、Theonlydifferencemaybethattheyfitinyourpocketandyoupaybytheminutetousethem.Someofthethingsacellphonecandoforyouwillbeavailablethisyear：SurfatspeedCellphonesthatletyouusetheWebhavebeenaroundforyears.So，what’snew？Well，fasterthirdgeneration(3G)networksthatletyousurfatanywhere.2、PossiblechoicesarefromIJGElectronicsVX8000andMotorolaV1150.Listenasyougo.3、Thereisnodoubtthatitisabouttochange.SonyEricsson’snewW8001canholdaround150songsinits500MBmemory.AndSamsung’sSPHV5400evencomeswitha1.5GBharddrive.MobilephonesmayeventuallyreplaceminiMP3players，especiallyforteens.Cameracellphonesarenotneweitherbutmostofthemhavelimitations：around1­megapixel(百万像素).Howevernewtechnologyhasmade2­megapixelunitsmorecommon，and3­megapixelunitsareshowingupsoon.Some2­megapixelmodels，likeSonyEricsson’sK7501，offerlimitedzoomandfocuscontrols.4、PortableTV.Yousayyoulike“watchingTV”？That’swhatSamsungMMA700wantstogiveyou.ThenewmodelletsuserswatchpopularTVprogrammesforafee.OtherchoicesareNokia’s6620，Sanyo’sMM740andNEC’sN940.5、Theabovearejustahandfulofwhatyou’llseeinthecomingmonths.Furtherdowntheroad，yourmobilephonemayplayahostofotherroles，suchasmobilecreditcard，positionlocatorandsoon.Sowhatistherethatacellphonecan’tdo？A．TheNECmodelletsyouwatchpublicTV—nofee.B．Withoutacellphone，youcandonothinginyourdailylife.C．Nowadays，newcellphonesaremuchcheaperthanoldones.D．Today’sdoitallmobileshavealotincommonwiththecomputer.E.Thisthenallowsacarriertosendvideo，music，andgamestoyourphone.F.Others，likeLG’srecentA7110，canevencapture30minutesoffullmotionvideo.G.TheproblemwithmostcellphoneMP3playersisthattheyholdonlyahandfulofsongs.Awomanaborted(流产)hersecondbabyinCentralChina’sHubeiprovinceafterher13-year-olddaughterthreatenedtocommitsuicide.Theeventdrewpeople’sattentiontothesinglechildmentality,whichmaybeanobstacleasthecountrytriestorelaxthesingle-childpolicy.Thewoman,44,hadbeenpregnantfor13weeks.1、afterknowingthatshewasgoingtohavesibling（兄弟姐妹）.Heranxietyreacheditspeakwhentheninth-gradercutherwristswitharazorbladeinanattemptedsuicide,accordingtoareportofthelocalWuhanEveningNews.2、,b