2023届四川省成都市双流中学高三高考适应性模拟检测英语试题（二） Word版含解析

双流中学高2023届高考适应性模拟检测试题（二）英语注意事项：1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节,满分30分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inthepostoffice.C.Inthestreet.2.WhatdidCarldo?A.Hedesignedamedal.B.HefixedaTVset.C.Hetookatest.3.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’satailor.B.He’sawaiter.C.He’sashopassistant.4.Whenwilltheflightarrive?A.At18:20.B.At18:35.C.At18:50.5.Howcanthemanimprovehisarticle?A.Bydeletingunnecessarywords.B.Byaddingacoupleofpoints.C.Bycorrectinggrammarmistakes.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Howdidthewomanlearnhowtostartablog?A.FromtheInternet.B.Fromafriend.C.Fromamagazine.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkteenagerscareaboutmostnow?A.Environment.B.Sport.C.Music.听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Suggestionsaboutadoptingapet.B.Waysoflearningtolookafteradog.C.Jobapplicationstoananimalshelter.9.Whatdoesthewomanlikebestaboutworkingatashelter?A.Cleaningthecages.B.Gettingalongwithpets.C.Interactingwithothervolunteers.听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whoknockedoverthevase?A.Thecat.B.Thewoman.C.Theman.11.Whodidthevasebelongtoatfirst?A.Thewoman'smother.B.Thewoman'sgrandma.C.Thewoman'sfriend.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofbuyingasimilarvase?A.Itistooexpensive.B.Itisnoteasilyaccessible.C.Itisnotbigenough.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whoknockedoverthevase？A.Thecat.B.Thewoman.C.Theman.14.Whodidthevasebelongtoatfirst？A.Thewoman'smother.B.Thewoman'sgrandma.C.Thewoman'sfriend.15.Whatdoesthemanthinkofbuyingasimilarvase？A.Itistooexpensive.B.Itisnoteasilyaccessible.C.Itisnotbigenough.16.Whatdidthespeakersdecidetodoatlast？A.Fixthevasethemselves.B.Sellittoanantiquestore.C.Askskilledworkerstorepairit.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhendidpeoplecelebratethefirstThanksgiving?A.In1621.B.In1776.C.In1863.18.Whichholidaymarkstheendofthesummerseason?A.LaborDay.B.CincodeMayo.C.IndependenceDay.19.WhereisCincodeMayocelebrated?A.InBritain.B.InMexico.C.InFrance.20.HowdopeoplecelebrateCincodeMayo?A.Theysetofffireworks.B.Theyhavepicnics.C.Theyholdparades.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AFrequentlyAskedQuestionsaboutAssessmentDoesitmatterifmycourseworkistoolongortooshort?Thewordcountforeachpieceofcourseworkshouldbeprovidedonthetitlepage.IOEallowsa10%margin(差额)onthewordlimitsetforthecoursework.Forexample,ifthewordlimitis5,000words,youcansubmitanassessmentofbetween4,500and5,500words.Notethatifyourworkexceeds(超出)the10%margin,itwillautomaticallyfail.Whenisthedeadlineforcourseworkassignments?Finaldeadlinesforcourseworksubmissionsarenormally2calendarmothsaftertheendofterminwhichthemoduleruns.Courseworkdeadlineswillbepublishedonyourprogrammewebpageatthestartoftheacademicyear.ThedeadlineforreportsisnormallythefirstworkingdayinSeptember.NotethatyouMUSTsubmityourcourseworkbythedeadlineandthatfailuretodosoinautomaticfail.WhenwillIreceivethegradeandfeedbackformycoursework?Yourcourseworkandreportareindependentlymarkedbytwomembersofstaff.Oncethemarkershaveagreedagrade,youwillbeinformedofyourresultsbytheprogrammeadministrator.Weaimtocompletethisprocesswithin4weeksofthesubmissiondeadline.Feedbackandgradesarenotguaranteedwithin4weeksforextended,delayed,orresubmittedcoursework.Inspecialcircumstances,youmayapplyforadditionaltimetocompleteyourcourseworkbutmustsubmittheevidenceprovingyouareimpactedbyunforeseenfactors.Thetimeshouldbenotlaterthantwoweeksbeforetheoriginaldeadline.Ifyouareinanydoubtabouttheassessment,pleasecontacttheprogrammeadministrator.1.Whatresultsinanautomaticfail?A.Exceedingthewordlimit.B.Notprovidingthewordcount.C.Missingthecourseworkdeadline.D.Notpublishingthecoursework.2.Whatcanyoudoifyouhavedoubtsaboutthefeedbackyoureceived?A.Consulttheprogrammeadministrator.B.Submitevidencetosupportyourcase.C.Reviseyourcourseworkbasedonthefeedback.D.Contactthemarkerswhoprovidedthefeedback.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper.C.Anacademicarticle. D.Aprogrammehandbook.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【导语】本篇为应用文，介绍了一个研究课程关于成绩评估的常见问题。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Notethatifyourworkexceedsthe10%margin,itwillautomaticallyfail.(请注意，如果您的字数超过10%的余量，它将自动失败)”以及第二段“NotethatyouMUSTsubmityourcourseworkbythedeadlineandthatfailuretodosoresultsinanautomaticfail.(请注意，你必须在截止日期前提交课程作业，否则将自动不及格)”可知自动不及格的情况有两种，论文字数超出规定字数的10%和未在规定时间上传作业。A中只写到超过字数限制，而不是超过限制10%。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Ifyouareinanydoubtabouttheassessment,pleasecontacttheprogrammeadministrator.(如果您对评估有任何疑问，请联系项目管理员)”可知，如果对课程作业评估有质疑，可以联系该研究课程的管理员。故选A。3.推理判断题。根据文章标题“FrequentlyAskedQuestionsaboutAssessment(有关评估核定的常见问题)”并结合全文可知，这篇文章集中回答了一个研究课程关于成绩评估的三个常见问题，可见这篇文章主要在介绍与研究课程相关的基本信息，所以应该来自于某个研究课程的课程指南。故选D。BSheep,camels,goatsandotherhoofed(有蹄类)animalsarebetteratfiguringoutsolutionstopuzzleswhentheyarelessintegratedintosocialgroups.Theseindividualsmightbeforcedtofindfood,shelterandotherneedsontheirownwithoutgrouphelp,thusfuellinginnovation,saysFedericaAmiciattheUniversityofLipziginGermany.“Ifyou’renotwellintegratedintoyoursocialgroup,youcan’tcountonfriendsprovidingyouwithsupportorsharingresourceswithyou,andyouhavetocountonyourselfmuchmore,”saysAmici.“It’sinterestingthatproblem-solvingskillsappeartobequiteanalternativesocialskills.”Amiciandhercolleagueswantedtoconsiderhowsocialgroupsaffectindividualanimals’capacityforinnovation.Theydecidedtoconcentrateonhoofedanimalswhichliveinwidelyvariedsocialgroupstructuresandincludebothwildanddomesticatedspecies.Theteamworkedwith1111hoofedanimalsfrom13species,alllivinginzoosinSpain,FranceandGermany.Theresearchersobservedeachanimalevery15minutesforseveraldaystodeterminehowwellitwasintegratedintothegroup.Then,theteamplacedasetofcoveredcups,filledwithwhateverfoodeachspeciesparticularlyliked,intheenclosure(围场)withtheanimals.Videocamerasrecordedtheirbehaviourwithouthumanspresent.Regardlessofspecies,itwasthelesssociallyintegratedindividualsthatweremostsuccessfulatfiguringouthowtoopenthelidstogettothefoodinsidethecups.Itispossiblethatbecausetheseanimalsgetleftoutofthegroup,theyaremotivatedtofindotherwaystogetfoodandotherresourcesontheirown,saysAmici.Anotherpossibilityisthattheseindividualsaren’tnecessarilyrejectedbytheirsocialgroup.Rather,theychoosetobealonebecausetheyfigurethingsoutontheirown.Whetherthefindingsapplytohumansandotherspeciesisunclear.“It’stemptingtoseeaparallelwithhumans,”saysAmici.“Individualswithhighproblem-solvingskillsmaynotbethemostsociallyskilledpeople.”4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthelessintegratedhoofedanimals?A.Theycanfindsheltereffortlessly. B.Theypossessalternativesocialskills.C.Theyrelyonfriendstosolveproblems. D.Theyhavetofindresourcesindependently.5.Howdidtheresearchersassessthesocialintegrationofhoofedanimals?A.Bymeasuringtheirintelligence. B.Bymonitoringtheirinteractions.C.Byanalyzingtheirfoodpreferences. D.Byobservingtheirhuntingstrategies.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“seeaparallelwith”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Keepaneyeon. B.Lendahandto.C.Discoverasimilaritywith. D.Formapartnershipwith.7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthistext?A.ThePuzzle-SolvingAbilitiesofHoofedAnimalsB.TheInnovationofSocialSkillsinHoofedAnimalsC.SolvingPuzzles:TheKeytoSocialSuccessinHoofedAnimalsD.TheUnsociableAdvantage:ProblemSolvinginHoofedAnimals【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本篇为说明文。文章介绍了一个关于有蹄类动物的研究。研究发现，社交关系较少的个体在寻找新方法解决问题方面更成功。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theseindividualsmightbeforcedtofindfood,shelterandotherneedsontheirownwithoutgrouphelp,thusfuellinginnovation,saysFedericaAmiciattheUniversityofLipziginGermany.(德国利普锡大学的FedericaAmici说，这些动物可能被迫在没有团体帮助的情况下自己寻找食物、住所和其他需求，从而推动了创新)”可知，那些不太完整的有蹄类动物必须独立寻找资源。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Theresearchersobservedeachanimalevery15minutesforseveraldaystodeterminehowwellitwasintegratedintothegroup.(研究人员连续几天每隔15分钟观察一只动物，以确定它融入群体的程度)”可知，研究员们是通过长时间定期观察这些动物相处来判断它们是否能很好融入集体中。故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Regardlessofspecies,itwasthelesssociallyintegratedindividualsthatweremostsuccessfulatfiguringouthowtoopenthelidstogettothefoodinsidethecups.(无论哪种物种，社会融合程度较低的个体最能成功地弄清楚如何打开盖子拿到杯子里的食物)”可知，实验的结论是——在有蹄类动物中，社交关系较少的个体在寻找新方法解决问题方面更成功。而最后一段“Individualswithhighproblem-solvingskillsmaynotbethemostsociallyskilledpeople.(解决问题能力强的人可能不是最擅长社交的人)”说明Amici认为很有可能人类群体中更擅长解决问题的人可能并不是最擅长社交的人。Amici通过对有蹄类群体的研究猜测人类群体中也可能有同样的现象，这种行为是在挖掘两者的相似性。故划线词意思是“发现有相似性”。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sheep,camels,goatsandotherhoofed(有蹄类)animalsarebetteratfiguringoutsolutionstopuzzleswhentheyarelessintegratedintosocialgroups.(绵羊、骆驼、山羊和其他有蹄动物在较少融入社会群体的情况下，更善于解决难题)”可知，文章的主旨是研究发现有蹄类动物中，社交关系较少的个体在寻找新方法解决问题方面更成功。而D选项的意思是“不合群的好处：有蹄类动物解决问题的能力”最符合文章标题。故选D。CHaveyoueverbeeninasituationwhereyoucouldn’tunderstandwhysomeonefailedtograspwhatyouweretryingtoexplain?Youthoughttheconceptwassosimple,andyettheydidn’tseemtogetit.Youareinfluencedby“thecurseofknowledge”.It’sacognitivebias(认知偏差):oncewelearnsomething,wekindoflosethememoryofnotknowingitandtheempathy(共鸣)forpeoplewhodon’tknowit.Whenweassumethatothersknowwhatwe’retalkingabout,communicationbreaksdown.Webecomefrustratedandangryateachother,whichcanleadtomisunderstandingsandarguments.Thecurseofknowledgecanalsomakeusfeelsuperiortoothers,whichdamagesourrelationshipsandcancreateanegativeatmosphereinourhomes.Thinkofatimewhenyouwereonly4andyourparentsweretryingtoteachyouhowtodosingledigitaddition.Youkeptgettingtheanswerswronghowevermuchtheyguided.Finally,theyshouted,“Howcomeyoucan’tevensolvesuchasimplequestion!”Yourparentshadforgottenwhatitwaslikenottoknowhowtodoaddition,andcouldn’texplainittoyouinawaythatyoumayhavebecomefrustratedorirritatedwitheachother,whichonlyaddedtothefamilyconflicts.So,howcanweavoidthecurseofknowledge?Onewayistoempathizewithothers.Trytoseethingsfromtheirperspectiveandrememberwhatitwaslikenottoknowthatconcept.Useeverydaylanguageandsimpleexamplestoexplaincomplexideas.Thiswillhelptheotherpersonunderstandandpreventmiscommunication.Anotheristoaskquestions.Asktheotherpersonwhattheyunderstandandwhattheyareconfusedabout.Thiscanhelpyoutailoryourexplanationtotheirneedsandavoidassumptionsthatcanleadtofrustration.8.Whatdoes“thecurseofknowledge”referto?A.Amemoryproblemthatoccurswhilegraspingideas.B.Apersonalqualitythatmakespeoplemeantoothers.C.Athinkingerrorthatresultsinacommunicationgap.D.Amentalconditionthatpreventspeoplefromlearning.9.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphtalkaboutconcerningthecurseofknowledge?A.Itsroots. B.Itseffects. C.Itsbenefits. D.Itsdefinition.10.Howdoestheauthorillustratethecurseofknowledgeinparagraph4?A.Bygivingarelevantexample.B.Byraisingapersonalquestion.C.Bycomparingittoasimilarconcept.D.Bydistinguishingitfromageneraltheory.11.Inwhichsituationisthecurseofknowledgemostlikelytobeavoided?A.Ateacherasksstudentsfortheirfeedbackinclass.BAparentblamesachildforfailingtodoasimpletask.C.Adoctorusesmedicaltermswhenspeakingwithapatient.D.Achefgetsimpatientwhenteachingabeginnerhowtocook.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.A【解析】【导语】本篇为说明文。介绍了“知识诅咒”这一认知偏差、它所导致的负面影响，以及如何在生活中避免“知识诅咒”的发生。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Youareinfluencedby‘thecurseofknowledge’.It’sacognitivebias:oncewelearnsomething,wekindoflosethememoryofnotknowingitandtheempathyforpeoplewhodon’tknowit.(你受到“知识诅咒”的影响。这是一种认知偏见：一旦我们学到了什么，我们就会失去对不知道它的记忆，以及对不知道的人的同理心。)”以及第三段“Whenweassumethatothersknowwhatwe’retalkingabout,communicationbreaksdown.Webecomefrustratedandangryateachother,whichcanleadtomisunderstandingsandarguments.Thecurseofknowledgecanalsomakeusfeelsuperiortoothers,whichdamagesourrelationshipsandcancreateanegativeatmosphereinourhomes.(当我们假设别人知道我们在说什么的时候，交流就会中断。我们变得沮丧和对彼此生气，这可能导致误解和争论。知识诅咒也会让我们觉得自己比别人优越，这会破坏我们的人际关系，并在我们的家里制造一种消极的气氛。)”可知，知识诅咒是一种认知偏差，会引发误解，换句话说，是一种导致沟通差距的思维错误。故选C。

2.主旨大意题。第三段“Whenweassumethatothersknowwhatwe’retalkingabout,communicationbreaksdown.Webecomefrustratedandangryateachother,whichcanleadtomisunderstandingsandarguments.Thecurseofknowledgecanalsomakeusfeelsuperiortoothers,whichdamagesourrelationshipsandcancreateanegativeatmosphereinourhomes.(当我们假设别人知道我们在说什么的时候，交流就会中断。我们变得沮丧和对彼此生气，这可能导致误解和争论。知识的诅咒也会让我们觉得自己比别人优越，这会破坏我们的人际关系，并在我们的家里制造一种消极的气氛。)”主要讨论了知识诅咒带来的负面影响：沟通破裂；对对话方的恼怒和对于对方不理解自己的沮丧；误解和争吵；感觉自己高人一等，从而破坏关系甚至给家庭带来非常不好的氛围。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第四段的开头“Thinkofatimewhenyouwereonly4andyourparentsweretryingtoteachyouhowtodosingledigitaddition.Youkeptgettingtheanswerswronghowevermuchtheyguided.Finally,theyshouted,“Howcomeyoucan’tevensolvesuchasimplequestion!”(回想一下，当你只有4岁的时候，你的父母正在教你如何做单位数加法。不管他们怎么引导你，你总是答错。最后，他们喊道：“你们怎么连这么简单的问题都解决不了！”)”可知，作者让读者设想一个小时候学习计算题被父母批评“这么简单的题都不会做”的情景，详细分析了这个故事里父母犯的错，所以说采用了引用相关例子的方法。故选A。4.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Asktheotherpersonwhattheyunderstandandwhattheyareconfusedabout.Thiscanhelpyoutailoryourexplanationtotheirneedsandavoidassumptionsthatcanleadtofrustration.(问问别人他们了解什么，他们对什么感到困惑。这可以帮助你根据他们的需要来调整你的解释，避免可能导致挫折的假设。)”可知，为了避免知识诅咒，我们在沟通时可以选择不断询问对方是否明白自己或是否有困惑来及时解决沟通问题。而A选项“教师及时在课堂上询问学生的反馈”最有可能避免知识的诅咒。故选A。DBornfromtheaccessibilityofmassairtravel,moderninternationaltourismhasbeenpopularizedas“holiday-making”inregionsthatoffercomparativeadvantagesofsand,sunandsea.Travelisoftenportrayedasatoolforpersonalgrowthandtourismasaneconomicmotorfordestinationcountriesandcities.Thereisatendencytoassumethattourismisgoodforeveryoneinvolved.Todaythebigbangoftourismdrivesover1.2billiontouristsacrossinternationalbordersannually.Manypopularplacesareliterallybeinglovedtodeath.RecentprotestsinportsofcalllikeVeniceandBarcelonaagainstdisturbancescreatedbycruiseshipsshowtheunfortunateconsequencesofemphasizingquantityoverqualityintourism.Uncontrolledtourismdevelopmenthasbecomeaprimarydriverofsocialandenvironmentaldisruption.Tourismstudiesprovidemuchdocumentationofthemanynegativesocialimpactsoftourismandresultingresentmentthatlocalpopulationsdirecttowardvisitors.Antagonism(对立，敌对)towardtouriststypicallydevelopsinmature,heavilyvisiteddestinations.Protestsinheavilyvisiteddestinationssuggestthattraditionaltourismhasoverstayeditswelcome.Residentsoftenbecomefrustratedwhenthebenefitsoftourismarenotfeltlocally.Althoughitcangenerateforeignexchange,incomeandemployment,there’snoguaranteethatmultinationalhotelchainswillallocatethesebenefitsequitablyamonglocalcommunities.Onthecontrary,whenpeoplestayatlargeresortsoroncruiseships,theymakemostoftheirpurchasesthere,leavinglocalcommunitieslittleopportunitytobenefitfromtouristspending.Theseformsoftourismwideneconomicandpoliticalgapsbetweenhavesandhave-notsatlocaldestinations.Inrecentdecades,localresidentsindestinationcommunitiesalsohavefoundthemselvesnegotiatingnewculturalboundaries,classdynamics,serviceindustryrolesandlifestyletransformations.Forexample,datashowthattourismactivitycorrespondstoincreasedsocialproblemsaslocalresidentsadoptthebehaviorsoftourists.Whatdoesallthismeanfortheeverydaytraveler?First,alltouristsshouldmakeeveryefforttohonortheirhostsandrespectlocalconditions.Thismeansbeingpreparedtoadapttolocalcustomsandnorms,ratherthanexpectinglocalconditionstoadapttotravelers.Second,tourismisamarket-basedactivityandworksbestwhenconsumersrewardbetterperformers.Intheinformationage,there’slittleexcusefortravelersbeinguninformedaboutwheretheirvacationmoneygoesandwhoitenriches.Informedtravelersalsoarebetterabletodistinguishbetweenmultinationalcompaniesandlocalentrepreneurswhosebusinessesprovidedirectsocial,environmental,andeconomicbenefitsforlocalresidents.Suchbusinessesareinlovewiththedestinationandarethereforedeservingofmarketreward.Inthelongrun,beingaresponsibletravelermeansensuringnetpositiveimpactsforlocalpeopleandenvironments.Withtheinformationavailableatourfingertips,therehasneverbeenmoreopportunitytodoso.12.Whatisthepopularassumptionaboutinternationaltourism?A.Itsbenefitsmaycompensatefortheadverseenvironmentalconsequences.B.Itsrapiddevelopmentisattributedtopeople’simprovedlivingstandard.C.Itappealstopeopleinplaceswithfavorablegeographicalconditions.D.Itcontributestotheeconomyofdestinationcountriesandregions.13.Whydoestheauthorsaylocalresidentsofpopulardestinationsoftenfeelfrustrated?A.Theyfallvictimtosocialconflictsandenvironmentaldisturbances.B.Theyhavelittleopportunitytoenjoythemselvesoncruiseships.C.Theycannotfindemploymentinmultinationalhotelchains.D.Theydonotthinktheybenefitasmuchastheydeserve.14.Whatdowelearnfromsomestudiesaboutuncontrolledtourismdevelopment?A.Itgivesrisetoanincreaseinmassconfrontations.B.Itinhibitsthesteadygrowthoflocaleconomy.C.Itincurslocalresidents’antagonismtotourists.D.Itbringsinalargechunkofmobilepopulation.15.Whatcantouristsdotoexertmorepositiveimpactsonthetouristdestinations?A.Showinterestinlocalcustomsandlifestyles.B.Usetheservicesprovidedbylocalbusinesses.C.Seekpossibilitiestoinvestinlocalcompanies.D.Givefavorablecommentsabouttheirservices.【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍旅游业在飞速发展，但是热门目的地的人们却没有得到应有的好处，旅游业的失控引起了当地居民对游客的反感。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Travelisoftenportrayedasatoolforpersonalgrowthandtourismasaneconomicmotorfordestinationcountriesandcities.Thereisatendencytoassumethattourismisgoodforeveryoneinvolved.(旅行经常被描绘成个人成长的工具，而旅游业则被描绘成目的地国家和城市的经济引擎。人们倾向于认为旅游业对所有相关人员都有好处。)”可知，关于国际旅游的普遍假设是它对目的地国家和地区的经济发展有贡献。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Residentsoftenbecomefrustratedwhenthebenefitsoftourismarenotfeltlocally.(当当地人没有感受到旅游业的好处时，居民往往会感到沮丧。)”可知，当地居民会感到沮丧是因为他们没有感受到旅游业的好处。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Uncontrolledtourismdevelopmenthasbecomeaprimarydriverofsocialandenvironmentaldisruption.Tourismstudiesprovidemuchdocumentationofthemanynegativesocialimpactsoftourismandresultingresentmentthatlocalpopulationsdirecttowardvisitors.(不受控制的旅游业发展已成为社会和环境破坏的主要驱动因素。旅游研究提供了许多关于旅游业的许多负面社会影响以及由此产生的当地居民对游客的不满的文件。)”可知，不受控制的旅游业发展使得当地居民对游客产生了不满。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Informedtravelersalsoarebetterabletodistinguishbetweenmultinationalcompaniesandlocalentrepreneurswhosebusinessesprovidedirectsocial,environmental,andeconomicbenefitsforlocalresidents.Suchbusinessesareinlovewiththedestinationandarethereforedeservingofmarketreward.Inthelongrun,beingaresponsibletravelermeansensuringnetpositiveimpactsforlocalpeopleandenvironments.Withtheinformationavailableatourfingertips,therehasneverbeenmoreopportunitytodoso.(知情的旅行者也能够更好地区分跨国公司和当地企业家，他们的企业为当地居民提供了直接的社会、环境和经济利益。这些企业热爱目的地，因此值得市场奖励。从长远来看，成为一名负责任的旅行者意味着确保对当地人民和环境产生净积极影响。有了触手可及的信息，再也没有机会这样做了。)”可知，游客可以利用当地企业提供的服务来对旅游目的地产生更积极的影响。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyourworkperformanceisfalling,yourpersonallifewillcertainlybeaffected.____16____However,ifyouareequippedwithsomeeffectivemethods,youcanabsolutelyimproveyourworkperformance.Getclearonyourgoals.Withacleargoalinyourmind,youaremorelikelytotakeaction.____17____Foreachsetofgoals,decideyourowntimeframe.Refertothesegoalsonaregularbasisandmakesurethatyouarenotingtheprogressyouaremaking.Planeachdaythenightbefore.Ifyouhavenodailyplanofaction,youtendtoendupfightinglotsofsmallfiresatwork.____18____Asaconsequence,yourworkproductivitysuffers.Therefore,itisnecessarytotakethetimetoplanforthenextday.____19____Youshouldneverspendallyourtimeonthetasksyouhavetocompleteeachday.Instead,taketimeouttospendwithyourcolleagues.Therefore,youshouldmakeaplanonwhatyouneedtodoeachdayandwriteitindetails.Celebrateyoursuccess.Managingyourmindisthekeytoyourmovingforward.Thebestwaytokeepagoodstateistocelebrateyourachievements.Youshoulddothisregularly.____20____Inaword,ifyouwanttoimproveyourworkperformance,youshouldhaveaclearactionplanandknowwhatneedstobedoneandhowitshouldbedone.Ifyouapplythesewaystoyourlife,youwillbecomeanexcellentperformer.ACreateadailyactionplan.B.Improveyourrelationshipgreatly.C.Youhavetofacevariouschallenges.D.Havingaclearideacangiveyouproperdirections.E.Onlyinthiswaycanyoukeepyourmotivationup.F.Thiscanstopyoudoingimportanttasksthatneeddoing.G.Therefore,trywritingdownthegoalsyouwanttoachieve.【答案】16.C17.G18.F19.A20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何提高工作中的表现。【16题详解】根据空前的“Whenyourworkperformanceisfalling,yourpersonallifewillcertainlybeaffected.(当你的工作表现下降时，你的个人生活肯定会受到影响)”可知，工作表现下降时，个人生活会受到影响，C选项“Youhavetofacevariouschallenges.(你必须面对各种各样的挑战。)”讲述的是工作表现下降的影响，承接了上文中的内容。故选C项。`【17题详解】根据第二段的主题句“Getclearonyourgoals.(明确您的目标。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与目标相关，G选项“Therefore,trywritingdownthegoalsyouwanttoachieve.(因此，试着写下你想要实现的目标。)”讲述的内容与实现的目标相关，且与空前的“Withacleargoalinyourmind,youaremorelikelytotakeaction.(有了明确的目标，你更有可能采取行动。)”为因果关系，既与段落主题一致，且符合逻辑。故选G项。【18题详解】根据本段的主题句“Planeachdaythenightbefore.(在前一天晚上计划好每一天。)”可知，本段讲述的是提前做好计划，根据空后的“Ifyouhavenodailyplanofaction,youtendtoendupfightinglotsofsmallfiresatwork.(如果你没有每天的行动计划，你可能会在工作中遇到很多小麻烦。)”可知，如果没有计划，就可能会遇到一些小麻烦，由此可知，此空讲述的内容与此相关，F选项“Thiscanstopyoudoingimportanttasksthatneeddoing.(这会阻碍你完成重要的任务。)”中的this指代的内容与空前的做法一致，且讲述的是没计划带来的影响，内容与空前一致，与主题吻合。故选F项。【19题详解】分析语篇可知，此空应为本段的主题句，所以应为祈使句，根据空后的“Therefore,youshouldmakeaplanonwhatyouneedtodoeachdayandwriteitindetails.(因此，你应该制定一个你每天需要做的计划，并详细地写下来。)”可知，此处讲述的应是对每天的事情做个计划，并写下来，A选项“Createadailyactionplan.(制定每日行动计划。)”讲述的为创建每天计划，与本段内容一致，且为祈使句。故选A项。【20题详解】分析语篇可知，此空位于段尾，由此可知，此处应是对本段内容的总结，根据空前的“Thebestwaytokeepagoodstateistocelebrateyourachievements.(保持良好状态的最好方法是庆祝你的成就。)”以及“Youshoulddothisregularly.(你应该经常这样做。)”可知，此处指的是如何让自己保持一个好的精神状态，E选项“Onlyinthiswaycanyoukeepyourmotivationup.(只有这样，你才能保持动力。)”承接上文内容，其中的指示代词this为解题的关键，指代的是“tocelebrateyourachievements”，且对本段进行总结。故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节,满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Imanageafinancialdepartment.Irecently____21____myteamthatiftheyexceeded(超过)theirgoal,thecompanywould____22____themtoaverygoodItalianrestaurantthatwealllove.Theyexceededthegoalbyalot,soImadea____23____forthesixteenofus.Onthedayofourouting,wewereseatedrightawayandthewaitresstookourdrinkorder.Then,thewaitresstoldusthatshewassorry,becausethepersonwhowas____24____tobehelpingherdidn’t____25____.Soshehadto____26____ourpartyandothercustomersonherown.Shelookedatmein____27____whenItoldherthatIwould____28____foreverythingononecheckinsteadof____29____checks.Ourorderingwasalittlechaotic(混乱的).Wewerebusyhavingfunandconversation,sononeofus____30____that.Thefoodwasdeliciousandweenjoyeditverymuch.Itcametimeforthebilland,aswas____31____tomewhenImadethereservation,therestaurant____32____an18%tiptothebill.ThebillcametoaboutUS$650andIgavehermycreditcard.Shereturnedwithmyreceiptandthankedus,____33____thatherservicewasalittleslow.Wetoldhereverythingwasperfectandthankedherforworkingsohard.Shehadbeensoniceand____34____tousthatIlefta(n)____35____US$50cashtipinthereceiptfolder.Allofasudden,thewaitresscameoutoftherestaurantandgrabbedmyarm.IwasthinkingifI____36____tosignthereceiptorsomethingwhenInoticedshehad____37____inhereyes.Shethankedmeforthetipandsaidshereallydidn’t____38____it.Shehadhada____39____timelatelyandthetipreally____40____herheart.21.A.promised B.warned C.gained D.requested22.A.order B.treat C.lend D.lead23.A.decision B.reservation C.difference D.remark24.A.worried B.reported C.surprised D.supposed25.A.setoff B.calmdown C.showup D.ringback26.A.observe B.attend C.handle D.postpone27.A.anger B.embarrassment C.fear D.relief28.A.account B.pay C.answer D.apply29.A.separate B.individual C.commercial D.digital30.A.minded B.heard C.missed D.approved31.A.admitted B.suggested C.explained D.given32.A.reduced B.passed C.returned D.added33.A.apologizing B.announcing C.arguing D.noticing34.A.generous B.patient C.honest D.faithful35.A.familiar B.complete C.additional D.precious36.A.tried B.agr