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Chapter8:ConsumerAttitudeFormationandChange
MultipleChoiceQuestions:
WhenweareaskedwhetherwelikeordislikeaparticularadvertisementforaSonyDVDplayer,wearebeingaskedtoexpressour_____towardthatproduct.
opinion
perception
attitude
conclusion
(c;Difficulty1,p.251)
Thereseemstobeatrendtodaywherethingsthatareallnaturalaregood,andsyntheticisbad.Thisisanexampleofageneral_____.
opinion
perception
attitude
conclusion
(c;Difficulty2,p.251)
Howdoconsumerresearchersassessattitudes?
byaskingquestions
makinginferencesfrombehavior
bymonitoringwordofmouthcommunication
alloftheabove
(d;Difficulty1,p.252)
A/An_____isalearnedpredispositiontobehaveinaconsistentlyfavorableorunfavorablewaywithrespecttoagivenobject.
belief
attitude
value
feeling
(b;Difficulty2,p.253)
Whichofthefollowingisnotacharacteristicofattitudes?
Attitudeshaveconsistency.
Attitudesarealearnedpredisposition.
Attitudesoccurwithinasituation.
Attitudesarebasedondirectexperience.
(d;Difficulty2,p.253)
Attitudesareformedasaresultofallofthefollowingexcept:
directexperience
wordofmouth
massmediaadvertising
heredity
(d;Difficulty1,p.253)
Attitudesmightpropelconsumerstowardaparticularbehaviororrepelthemawayfromaparticularbehavior,thereforeattitudeshavea_____quality.
behavioral
motivational
threatening
driving
(b;Difficulty3,p.253)
IfaconsumerexpressespositiveattitudestowardsBMWs,then:
shewillwithoutdoubtpurchaseaBMWnexttimesheisshoppingforacar.
shewillnotpurchaseaBMW.
shewillselectaBMWifthecircumstancessuither(price,availability,etc).
shewillchangeherattitudeassherealizesBMWsareoutofherpricerange.
(c;Difficulty2,p.253)
Attitudesoccurwithinandareaffectedbythe_____,theeventsorcircumstancesthatataparticularpointintimeinfluencetherelationshipbetweenattitudeandbehavior.
economy
situation
culture
behavior
(b;Difficulty2,p.254)
ThefactthatSarahthinksitisalrighttoeatlunchatTacoBell,butthatitisinappropriatetoeatdinnerthere,coincideswithwhichcharacteristicaboutattitudes?
Attitudesareconsistent.
Attitudesaresituational.
Attitudesarealearnedpredisposition.
Attitudesaffecteatingbehaviors.
(b;Difficulty2,p.254)
Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthemodelsofattitudes?
tricomponentmodel
tryingtoconsumemodel
attitudetowardthebrandmodel
multiattributeattitudemodel
(c;Difficulty2,p.256)
Accordingtothe_____model,attitudesconsistofthreemajorcomponents:acognitivecomponent,anaffectivecomponentandaconativecomponent
tryingtoconsume
multiattribute
tricomponent
attitudetowardthead
(c;Difficulty2,p.256)
Thetricomponentmodelconsistsofthreemajorcomponents;whichisnotoneofthem?
cognitive
affective
conative
objective
(d;Difficulty2,p.256)
Onepartofthetricomponentmodelisthecognitivecomponent.Theattitudesonecarriesabouttheobjectarearesultof:
directexperienceandinformationalsources.
emotionsorfeelingsabouttheobject.
predictionsoftheconsumer’sintentiontobuy.
alloftheabove
(a;Difficulty2,p.256)
The_____componentofthetricomponentmodelmeasurestheconsumer’sfeelingsoremotionsaboutaproduct.Theycapturetheindividual’sglobalassessmentoftheattitudeobject.
cognitive
conative
affective
behavioral
(c;Difficulty2,p.257)
Emotionallychargedstatessuchashappiness,sadnessorangermayenhanceoramplifypositiveornegativeexperiences.Laterrecollectionsofsuchexperiencesmayimpactwhatcomestomindandhowtheindividualreacts.Thisisacharacteristicofthe_____componentofthetricomponentmodel.
cognitive
conative
affective
behavioral
(c;Difficulty3,p.257)
_____,acomponentofthetricomponentattitudemodel,isconcernedwiththelikelihoodortendencythatanindividualwillundertakeaspecificactionorbehaveinaparticularwaywithregardtotheattitudeobject.
Cognition
Conation
Affection
Positivism
(b;Difficulty2,p.258)
Inmarketingandconsumerresearch,theconativecomponentofthetricomponentattitudemodelisfrequentlytreatedasanexpressionoftheconsumer’s_____.
attitude
leveloffamiliarity
intentiontobuy
attitudetowardtheobject
(c;Difficulty3,p.259)
_____attitudemodelsportrayconsumers’attitudeswithregardtoanattitudeobjectasafunctionofconsumers’perceptionandanassessmentofthekeyattributedorbeliefsheldwithregardtotheparticularattitudeobject.
Tryingtoconsume
Multiattribute
Tricomponent
Attitudetowardthead
(b;Difficulty2,p.259)
Accordingtotheattitudetowardtheobjectmodel,theconsumer’sattitudetowardaproductisafunctionof:
price.
communicationmessagestheconsumerreceives.
thepresenceorabsenceofcertainproduct-specificbeliefsorattitudes.
theconsumer’sintentiontobehaveinacertainway.
(c;Difficulty2,p.259)
The_____modelistheindividual’sattitudetowardactingwithrespecttoanobjectratherthantheattitudetowardtheobjectitself.
multiattribute
attitudetowardthead
attitudetowardbehavior
tryingtoconsume
(c;Difficulty2,p.260)
Howard’sattitudeabouttheactofpurchasingaBMW,his_____,revealsmoreaboutthepotentialactofpurchasingthandoessimplyknowinghisattitudetowardBMWs.
attitudetowardthead
attitudetowardbehavior
tryingtoconsume
affectivecomponent
(b;Difficulty2,p.260)
Accordingtothetheoryof_____,tounderstandintention,weneedtomeasurethesubjectivenormsthatinfluenceanindividual’sintentiontoact.
tryingtoconsume
reasonedaction
attitudetowardbehavior
attitudetowardtheobject
(b;Difficulty3,p.261)
Accordingtothetheoryofreasonedaction,forresearcherstounderstandthesubjectivenormaboutthepurchaseofanewVWBeetlebyastudent,theywouldhavetoidentifythreethings;whichisnotoneofthem?
hisrelevantothers
hisbeliefsabouthoweachrelevantotherwouldrespondtohispurchasedecision
hismotivationtocomplywithhisrelevantothers
hisenvironmentalimpedimentsthatwillcomebetweenhimandhisnewcar
(d;Difficulty3,p.261)
Thetheoryoftryingtoconsumeisdesignedto:
measurethefrequencyofusage.
accountforthecasesinwhichtheoutcomeisnotcertainbutinsteadreflectstheconsumer’sintention.
measurethedissatisfactionwiththepurchase.
measurethenegativegapbetweenexpectationsandsatisfaction.
(b;Difficulty2,p.262)
Inthetheoryoftryingtoconsume,theconsumer’sattemptstoconsumemaybearesultof_____or_____impedimentsthatpreventthedesiredactionoroutcome.
personal;social
personal;environmental
social;environmental
physical;economic
(b;Difficulty3,p.262)
Apersonthatistryingtoloseweightbutcannotbecausehelovespotatochips,isanexampleofthetheoryofnotbeingabletoconsumedueto_____impediments.
social
environmental
personal
economic
(c;Difficulty2,p.262)
Accordingtotheattitudetowardthead,theconsumerformsvariousfeelingsandjudgmentsasaresultofexposuretoanad.Iftheconsumerlikesthead:
heismorelikelytobuytheproduct.
heislesslikelytobuytheproduct.
hislikeordislikehasnorelevancetotheirlikelihoodofpurchasingtheproduct.
researchershavenotyetfoundmeasurestoaccuratelymeasurelikeordislikeofads.
(a;Difficulty2,p.263)
Whichofthefollowingsegmentshasamorepositiveattitudetowardadvertising?
men
women
AsianAmericans
HispanicAmericans
(b;Difficulty3,p.264)
Theshiftfromhavingnoattitudeaboutanobjecttoforminganattitudeisaresultof_____.
learning
motivation
socialenvironment
exposuretoads
(a;Difficulty2,p.265)
Attitudesareformedbylearning.Intermsofclassicalconditioning,OilofOlay,thewellestablishedbrand,wasusingthebrandstrengthastheunconditionedstimulustointroduceOilofOlaybodywash.Theunconditionedstimuluswasusedtolinkthenewbrandtotheestablishedname,resultinginafavorableattitude.Thecompanyishopingfor_____fromthebrandnametothenewproduct.
stimulusrecognition
stimulusgeneralization
attitudeexpansion
attitudestability
(b;Difficulty3,p.265)
Attitudesareformed:
beforeusingtheproduct.
afterusingtheproduct.
whenhearingabouttheproduct.
alloftheabove
(d;Difficulty2,p.265)
Theformationofattitudesisstronglyinfluencedbyallthefollowingexcept:
personalexperience.
influenceoffamilyandfriends.
massmedia.
howlongtheproducthasbeenonthemarket.
(d;Difficulty1,p.267)
Theprimarymeansbywhichconsumersformtheirattitudesisthrough_____.
consumerreports
familyinfluences
personalexperience
directmarketing
(c;Difficulty2,p.267)
Nichemarketingissometimescalled_____.
localmarketing
individualmarketing
micromarketing
scalemarketing
(c;Difficulty2,p.267)
Directmarketingeffortshaveanexcellentchanceoffavorablyinfluencingtargetconsumer’sattitudesbecause:
directmarketingisfavorablylookedupon.
themassscaleofdirectmarketingmakesitadominantplayer.
becausetheproductsandservicesofferedarehighlytargetedtotheindividuals’needsandconcerns.
Internetadvertisingistoocluttered.
(c;Difficulty2,p.267)
Theclosestthingtodirectexperienceinfluencingattitudeformationis:
magazinesandnewspaperads.
TVcommercials.
theInternet.
directmarketing.
(c;Difficulty3,p.268)
Consumerswhohaveahighneedforcognitionarelikelyto:
formpositiveattitudesinresponsetoadsthatfeatureanattractivemodeloracelebrity.
formapositiveattitudeinresponsetoadsordirectmailthatarerichinproductrelatedinformation.
formnegativeattitudestowardsadsthatarerichinproductinformation.
feelneutraltowardsadsthatfeatureattractivemodelsorproductinformation.
(b;Difficulty2,p.268)
Consumerswhohaveahighneedforcognitionarethosewho:
arepassive.
craveinformationandenjoythinking.
desirethebestqualityintheproductstheychoose.
lookforthebestvalueforthemoney.
(b;Difficulty1,p.268)
Thefollowingtypeofcompanyismostlikelytogoafteranattitudechangemarketstrategy:
theindustryleader
majorcompetitoroftheleader
smallstart-upbusiness
alloftheabove
(b;Difficulty3,p.269)
Whichofthefollowingisoneoftheattitudechangestrategiesthatmarketersfollow?
associatingtheproductwithanadmiredgrouporevent
resolvingtwoconflictingattitudes
changingconsumerbeliefsaboutcompetitorbrands
alloftheabove
(d;Difficulty2,p.269)
Aneffectiveattitudechangestrategyischangingthebasicmotivationalfunction.Accordingtothisapproach,attitudescanbeformedintofourfunctions;whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthem?
utilitarian
ego-defensive
knowledge
personalexperience
(d;Difficulty2,p.269)
Oneofthestrategiesforchangingconsumerattitudesischangingthebasicmotivationalfunctionusingfourdifferentfunctions.Anexampleofthe_____functioniswhenCloroxDisinfectingSpraypointsoutthatthisproductwillworkfor24hours,whereascompetitorLysoldoesnot.
ego-defensive
knowledge
utilitarian
value-expressive
(c;Difficulty2,p.269)
Oneofthestrategiesforchangingconsumerattitudesischangingthebasicmotivationalfunctionusingfourdifferentfunctions.Adsforcosmeticsandpersonalcareproductsacknowledgethefactthatpeoplewanttoprotecttheirself-imagesfrominnerfeelingsofdoubt.Thisisconsistentwithwhichbasicmotivationalfunctions?
ego-defensive
knowledge
utilitarian
value-expressive
(a;Difficulty2,p.269)
Oneofthestrategiesforchangingconsumerattitudesischangingthebasicmotivationalfunctionusingfourdifferentfunctions.Anexampleofthe_____functionisforCresttopointouthowitsnewtoothbrushissuperiortoallothertoothbrushesincontrollinggumdiseasebyremovingmoreplaque.
ego-defensive
knowledge
utilitarian
value-expressive
(b;Difficulty2,p.273)
Oneofthestrategiesforchangingconsumerattitudesischangingthebasicmotivationalfunctionusingfourdifferentfunctions.Anexampleofthe_____functionisforCelestialSeasonstopointoutthatGreenTeaisloadedwithantioxidants,whicharegoodforyou.
ego-defensive
knowledge
utilitarian
value-expressive
(b;Difficulty2,p.273)
Ben&Jerry’siswellrecognizedforgiving7.5percentofitspretaxprofitstoavarietyofcausesandgivingsmallgrantstocommunitygroupsinVermont.Theyaretryingtochangeconsumerattitudesthrough_____.
resolvingtwoconflictingattitudes
associatingtheproductwithaspecialgroup,eventorcause
changingthebasicmotivationalfunction
changingconsumerbeliefsaboutcompetitorbrands
(b;Difficulty1,p.273)
IfTomhasanegativeattitudetowardsdietsodasanddoesnotdrinkthembecausehebelievestheydonottastelikeregular,whatstrategycanacompanyusetoensureTomthattheirdiettastesjustlikeregular?
resolvingtwoconflictingattitudes
associatingtheproductwithaspecialgroup,eventorcause
changingthebasicmotivationalfunction
changingconsumerbeliefsaboutcompetitorbrands
(a;Difficulty2,p.273)
Whenmarketerstrytopersuaderegularteadrinkersto“crossover”tobecomingherbalteadrinkers,thecompanymustutilizeastrategythat:
changestherelativeevaluationofattributes.
changesbrandbeliefs.
informsconsumersthatithasaddedanattribute.
changestheoverallratingofabrand.
(a;Difficulty2,p.276)
WhenHPchallengesthenotionthatcomputersdonothavetobedifficulttousebystatingthattheirproduct“isassimpleasduh,”itisalteringacomponentofthemultiattributemodeltochangeattitudes;whichstrategyisitusing?
changingtherelativeevaluationofattributes
changingbrandbeliefs
addinganattribute
changingtheoverallbrandrating
(b;Difficulty2,p.276)
IfYoplaitdecidestopointoutthattheiryogurthasmorepotassiumthanabanana,whichstrategyofattitudechangearetheyfollowing?
changingtherelativeevaluationofattributes
changingbrandbeliefs
addinganattribute
changingtheoverallbrandrating
(c;Difficulty2,p.276)
Whichofthefollowingdoesnotfallundertheattitudechangestrategyofaddinganattribute?
informingconsumersthatYoplaitcontainsmorepotassiumthanabanana
informingconsumersthatDovehasnowaddedvitaminEtotheirlotions
informingconsumersthatSecretdeodorantisavailableinanunscentedversion
tellingpeoplethatExcedrinMigraineisthenumberonedoctorrecommendedbrandformigrainerelief
(d;Difficulty3,p.278)
“Thelargestsellingbrand”and“theoneallotherstrytoimitate”areclaimsusedbycompaniestryingtochangeattitudesbyusingthefollowingstrategy:
changingtherelativeevaluationofattributes
changingbrandbeliefs
addinganattribute
changingtheoverallbrandrating
(d;Difficulty2,p.277)
WhenAdvilmakesadramaticassertionthatithasproductsuperiorityoverTylenolbyclaimingitlastslongerandisgentler,itisusingthefollowingattitudechangestrategy:
changingtherelativeevaluationofattributes
changingbrandbeliefs
changingbeliefsaboutcompetitorbrands
changingtheoverallbrandrating
(c;Difficulty2,p.279)
TheElaborationLikelihoodModelproposesthatconsumers’attitudesarechangedbytwodistinctlydifferentroutestopersuasion:______routesand______routes.
central;logical
main;secondary
central;peripheral
rational;emotional
(c;Difficulty3,p.280)
AccordingtotheElaborationLikelihoodModel,whenconsumersarewillingtoexerttheefforttocomprehend,learn,orevaluatetheavailableinformationabouttheattitudeobject,learningandattitudechangecanoccurviathe_____.
centralroute
peripheralroute
rationalroute
emotionalroute
(a;Difficulty2,p.280)
AccordingtotheElaborationLikelihoodModel,cents-offcoupons,freesamples,beautifulbackgroundsceneryandcelebrityendorsementsareall_____routestopersuasion.
central
peripheral
rational
emotional
(b;Difficulty2,p.280)
Accordingtothe_____theory,discomfortoccurswhenaconsumerholdsaconflictingthoughtaboutabelieforanattitudeobject.
attribution
cognitivedissonance
ElaborationLikelihoodModel
Footinthedoor
(b;Difficulty2,p.280)
Avarietyoftacticsareadoptedbyconsumerstoreducetheeffectofpost-purchasedissonance.Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthem?
Consumersseekoutadsthatthatsupporttheirchoice.
Consumerstrytosellfriendsonthefeaturesofthebrand.
Consumerslooktoknownsatisfiedconsumersforreassurance.
Consumersseekoutcompetitoradstoreassurethemoftheirbetterchoice.
(d;Difficulty3,p.281)
Marketerscanrelieveconsumerdissonancebyfollowingthistactic:
reinforcingconsumers’decisionsinadsbycomplimentingtheirwisdom
offeringstrongerwarranties
providingdetailedbrochuresonhowtouseitsproductscorrectly
alloftheabove
(d;Difficulty2,p.281)
Asagroupoflooselyinterrelatedsocialpsychologicalprinciples,_____attemptstoexplainhowpeopleassigncreditandblametoeventsonthebasisofeithertheirownbehaviororthebehaviorofothers.
ElaborationLikelihoodModel
attributiontheory
self-perceptiontheory
defensiveattributionstheory
(b;Difficulty3,p.281)
“Shetriedtomakemebuythatunknownauto-focuscamerabecauseshewouldmakeabiggercommission,”thisstatementcouldbeexplainedfollowingthe_____.
ElaborationLikelihoodModel
attributiontheory
self-perceptiontheory
defensiveattributionstheory
(b;Difficulty2,p.281)
IfastudentobservesthatsheroutinelypurchasestheDesMoinesRegisteronherwaytoclass,sheisapttoconcludethatsheliketheDesMoinesRegister.Thisisanexampleofhowthe_____helpsmakeinferencesaboutone’sbehavior.
ElaborationLikelihoodModel
attributiontheory
self-perceptiontheory
defensiveattributionstheory
(c;Difficulty3,p.281)
IfBrianjustfinishedgivingasuccessfulpresentationusingPowerPoint,andafterthepresentationhesaystohimself,“I’mreallyanaturalatmakinggreatpresentations,”thisstatementwouldbeanexampleof_____inthecontextofattribution.
internalattribution
externalattribution
positiveattribution
attributiontowardothers
(a;Difficulty2,p.282)
IfBrianjustfinishedgivingasuccessfulpresentationusingPowerPoint,andafterthepresentationheconcludesitwasasuccessfulpresentationduetotheassistanceofhisfriendandtheuser-friendlyprogram,thisobservationwouldbeanexampleof_____inthecontextofattribution.
internalattribution
externalattribution
positiveattribution
attributiontowardothers
(b;Difficulty2,p.282)
Someonewhodonatesfivedollarstocancerresearchmightbepersuadedtodonateamuchlargeramountwhenapproachedatalatertime.Theinitialdonationiscalled_____inanattributioncontext.
self-attribution
footinthedoortechnique
externalattribution
internalattribution
(b;Difficulty2,p.283)
Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutattributionandthefootinthedoortechnique?
Individualswhotryafreesamplearelesscommittedtothebrand.
Individualswhotryafreesamplearemorecommittedtothebrand.
Individualswhotryabrandwithoutinducementarelesslikelytochangetheirattitudetowardabrand.
Thelargertheincentivetotrythebrand,thegreaterthecommitmenttothebrand.
(a;Difficulty3,p.283)
Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthecriterionusedbyconsumerstoconfirmtheirinitialattributionsaboutobjects?
distinctiveness
consensus
consistencyovertime
individuality
(d;Difficulty3,p.284)
Oneofthecriterionsusedbyconsumerstoconfirmtheirinitialattributionsaboutobjectsis_____,whichmeansthatthereaction(thepriorinference)mustbethesame,evenwhenthesituationinwhichitoccursvaries.
distinctiveness
consistencyovertime
consistencyovermodality
consensus
(c;Difficulty3,p.284)
Oneofthecriterionsusedbyconsumerstoconfirmtheirinitialattributionsaboutobjectsis_____,whichmeansthatthereaction(thepriorinference)isperceivedinthesamewaybyotherconsumers.
distinctiveness
consistencyovertime
consistencyovermodality
consensus
(d;Difficulty3,p.284)
True/FalseQuestions:
71.WhenweareaskedwhetherwelikeordislikeaSonyDVDplayer,wearebeingaskedaboutopinion.
(False;Difficulty2,p.251)
72.Attitudesarenotdirectlyobservablebutmustbeinferredfromwhatpeoplesayorwhattheydo.
(True;Difficulty1,p.251)
73.Anopinionisalearnedpredispositiontobehaveinaconsistentlyfavorableorunfavorablewaywithrespecttoagivenobject.
(False;Difficulty1,p.253)
74.Attitudesaresynonymouswithbehavior.
(False;Difficulty3,p.253)
75.Attitudeshaveamotivationalqualitythatalwayspropelsaconsumertowardaparticularbehavior.
(False;Difficulty2,p.253)
76.Attitudesaregenerallyconsistent—theydonotchange.
(False;Difficulty2,p.253)
77.Attitudesaresituational,whichmeansthataspecificsituationmaycauseconsumerstobehaveinwaysthatareinconsistentwiththeirattitudes.
(True;Difficulty2,p.254)
78.Thetricomponentattitudemodelconsistsofthreemajorcomponents:cognitive,behavioralandconative.
(False;Difficulty2,p.256)
79.Theconativecomponentofthetricomponentattitudemodelisconcernedwiththelikelihoodortendencythatanindividualwillundertakeaspecificactionwithregardtotheattitudeobject.
(True;Difficulty2,p.256)
80.Respondingpositivelytoanintentiontobuyquestionwithregardtoabrandwillincreasethelikelihoodofthatconsumerpurchasingthebrand.
(True;Difficulty3,p.259)
81.ApersonwhohaspositiveattitudestowardsBMWswillpositivelypurchaseaBMW.
(False;Difficulty2,p.259)
“Thefirst10peopletocallinwillreceiveafreeT-shirt.”Thisisanexampleofapossibleenvironmentalimpedimentthatmightimpacttheconsumers’tryingtoconsume.
(True;Difficulty3,p.262)
Consumerssometimesformfeelingsandjudgmentsaboutaproductasaresultofexposuretoanad.
(True;Difficulty1,p.263)
Ifconsumersliketheadtheysee,theyaremorelikelytobuytheproduct.
(True;Difficulty1,p.263)
Ifconsumerslikeorhatetheadtheysee,thatdoesnotaffecttheirproductpurchasedecision.
(False;Difficulty3,p.263)
Researchrevealsthatforanovelproduct,consumers’attitudetowardtheadhasastrongerimpactonbrandattitudeandpurchaseintentionthanafamiliarproduct.
(True;Difficulty3,p.264)
87.StudiesrevealedthatAfricanAmericansandwomenhavenegativeattitudestowardadvertising.
(False;Difficulty3,p.264)
88.Attitudesusuallyareformedfollowingthepurchaseandconsumptionofaproduct.
(False;Difficulty2,p.265)
89.Themoreinformationpeoplehaveaboutaproduct,themoretheyarelikelytoformattitudesaboutit,whetherpositiveornegative.
(True;Difficulty2,p.265)
90.Researchshowsthatallthebeliefsaboutaproductdominateintheformationofanattitude,thereforemarketersshouldincludeallthefeaturesoftheirproductsandservicesintheirads.
(False;Difficulty3,p.267)
91.Theformationofattitudesismoststronglyinfluencedbyfamily.
(False;Difficulty2,p.267)
92.Attitudesdevelopedthroughdirectexperiencetendtoobemoreconfidentlyheldandmoreenduringthanthosedevelopedthroughprintadvertising.
(True;Difficulty1,p.267)
93.Peoplewithpersonalitieswithahighneedforcognitionarelikelytoformpositiveattitudesinresponsetoadsthatarerichinproduct-relatedinformation.
(True;Difficulty1,p.268)
94.Inanattempttoattractacertainsegmentofconsumers,Ben&Jerry’sIcecreamannouncesthatitdonated7.5percentofitsprofitstodifferentcauses.ThisisBen&Jerry’sattempttodeveloppositiveattitudesthroughassociatingthemselveswithaspecialcause.
(True;Difficulty1,p.273)
95.Onestrategyforchangingattitudesisbyaddinganattribute.Thisstrategycouldbeaseffectivewhenitisusedtoeliminateanattribute.
(True;Difficulty2,p.275)
96.Anineffectiveattitudechangestrategyisonewhereamarketerattemptstochangeconsumerbeliefsabouttheattributesofcompetitivebrands.
(False;Difficulty1,p.276)
97.Whencognitivedissonanceoccursafterthepurchaseitiscalledpostpurchasedissonance.
(True;Difficulty1,p.280)
98.Individualswhotryabrandwithoutanyinducementsaremorelikelytoinferincreasinglypositiveattitudestowardthebrand.
(True;Difficulty3,p.283)
99.Apersonwhohasdonatedtocharitybeforeismorelikelytodonateagainthansomeonewhohasneverdonated.
(True;Difficulty1,p.283)
100.Oneofthecriterionusedtoconfirm(ordisconfirm)priorattitudesisbytestingwhethertheattitudeisconsistentovertime.
(True;Difficulty1,p.284)
EssayQuestions:
101.Discussthethreecomponentsofthetricomponentattitudemodel.
Thefirstcomponentofthemodelisthecognitivecomponent—theknowledgeandperceptionsthatareacquiredthroughdirectexperiencewiththeattitudeobject.Thisknowledgetakestheformofbeliefsabouttheattitudeobject.
Thesecondcomponent,theaffectivecomponent,istheconsumer’semotionsorfeelingsaboutaproductorbrand.Theseemotionscapturetheconsumer’sglobalassessmentoftheattitudeobject.
Thethirdcomponentistheconativecomponent.Itisconcernedwiththelikelihoodortendencythatanindividualwillundertakeaspecificactionorbehaveinaparticularwaywithregardtotheattitudeobject.
(Difficulty3,p.256)
102.Oneofthemultiattributemodelsistheattitudetowardbehaviormodel.Explainthemodelandgiveanexample.
Thismodeltellsabouttheindividual’sattitudetowardbehavingoractingwithrespecttoanobjectratherthantheattitudetowardtheobjectitself.Forexample,Tom’sattitudeabouttheactofpurchasingaBMWrevealsmoreaboutthepotentialactofpurchasingthandoessimplyknowinghisattitudetowardBMWs.TommayhaveapositiveattitudetowardBMWsbutanegativeattitudetowardtheactofpurchasingone.
(Difficulty2,p.259)
103.Whatisthetheoryoftryingtoconsume?Giveanexamplefromyourownexperience.
Thetheoryoftryingtoconsumeisdesignedtoaccountforthemanycasesinwhichtheactionortheoutcomeisnotcertainbutinsteadreflectstheconsumer’sattemptstoconsume.
Herethestudentcangiveanexampleofhowapersonalorenvironmentalimpedimentdeterredherfromtheactof
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