新教材2020-2021学年高中外研版英语选择性必修一课时作业1Writing-含解析

课时作业(四)Writing必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Theclown________(使快乐)thechildrenwithallkindsoftricks.2．—Myleghurtsalot.—You'dbettergotothedoctorandhaveit__________(检查)．3．Havingbeenpunishedbyhisboss,hewasinaverybad________(心情)．4．Emotionalhealthis________(极其重要的)toawonderfuladultlife.5．He'saresponsiblewriterandhe________(应受到)respecting.6．The________(残忍的)masterbeathisslaveswithawhip.7．Thefilmearnedhiminternational________(名声)．8．AfterhearingSteve'splaying,Naomiwasdeeply________(使留下深刻印象)byhismusic.9．Histeacher,Thomaswhaley,isnexttohim,________(低语)support.10．Getupatthe________(地点)whereyoufell.Ⅱ.单句写作1．老师让我复述这个故事。(make＋宾语＋不带to的不定式)________________________________________________________________________2．她站在窗前，望着来来往往的人们。(现在分词作伴随状语)________________________________________________________________________3．在等公共汽车时，我遇到了一个老朋友。(whiledoing)________________________________________________________________________4．直到她摘下眼镜我才认出她。(takeoff)________________________________________________________________________5．我们应该原谅他的健忘，毕竟，他已经七十多岁了。(afterall)________________________________________________________________________6．你应该集中精力完成任务。(concentrateon)________________________________________________________________________7．J.K.罗琳以她的《哈利·波特》系列而出名。(beknownfor)________________________________________________________________________8．孩子们万分兴奋，盼望着去野餐。(形容词作状语)________________________________________________________________________关键能力提升练进阶训练第二层Ⅰ.阅读AsurveybyaninternationaltemporaryserviceagencyfoundthatU．S.managersbelievethatpeoplewithasenseofhumourdobetterintheirjobs,comparedwiththosewhohavelittleornosenseofhumour.Infact,about96percentofthosesurveyedsaidpeoplewithasenseofhumourdobetter.Thesurveywentontopointoutthattheresultssuggestthatasenseofhumourmayhelplight­heartedemployeeskeeptheirjobsduringhardtimes.And,what'smore,itmaypushthemupthecorporateladderpasttheirhumourlesscolleagues.Why?Itseemsthatthosewithasenseofhumourarebettercommunicatorsandbetterteamplayers.Studieshaveshownthathappyworkersaremoreproductive.Infact,aresearcheratCaliforniaStateUniversityfoundthathumourcouldhelptheemployeesResearchdonebypsychologistDr.AshtonTriceatMaryBaldwinCollegeinVirginiashowedthathumourhelpsusthink.Whenpeoplemeetimportantprojects,theyusuallyfeelangry,hopelessordepressed.AccordingtoDr.Trice'sresearch,takingtimeouttolaughcanhelpustogetridofnegativefeelingsandallowustoreturntoataskormoveontoanotherprojectunaffectedbypastdefeat.Ifhumourisreallysoimportant,thenwhydon'tweuseitmoreoftenonthejob?Mostlikely,themainreasonisthatmanypeopledon'tknowthepositiveeffectsofhumourintheworkplace.However，itisimportanttorealisethatsomehumourisnotgoodfortheworkplace,andthatitisoftenusedatwrongtimes.1．Whatcanmostpeoplethinkofasenseofhumourdo?A．Helpyoutodoyourworkbetter.B．Makeyouhaveahigherpositioninyourwork.C．Makeyoupleasedwithyourwork.D．Helpyoutomakemorefriends.2．Whichoneofthefollowingcandescribeapersonwithasenseofhumour?A．Serious.B．Funny.C．Changeable.D．Friendly.3．What'sthereasonwhymanypeopledon'toftenusehumourintheworkplace?A．Theylikekeepingsilentwhenworking.B．Theydon'tcompletelyunderstandtheadvantagesofhumour.C．Theythinktheyshouldobeytherules.D．Theydon'tlikejokingorlaughing.4．Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A．PeoplewithasenseofhumourB．HumourisimportantintheworkplaceC．HumourandhumourlessD．EveryonelikeshumourⅡ.七选五Parentsoftensaythattheydon'tmindwhattheirchildrendoinlifejustaslongastheyarehappy.Happinessandpleasurearealmostuniversallyseenasamongthemostprecioushumangoods.__1__PhilosopherJeremyBenthambelievedthatallsourcesofpleasureareofequalquality,butJohnStuartMilldisagreed.Millarguedforadifferencebetweenhigherandlowerpleasure.__2__Lowerpleasure,incontrast,requiresmere(仅仅的；纯粹的)senses.Theentiredebateassumesacleardividebetweenthephysicalandthemental.__3__Whatwillitmeanforourideasaboutpleasure?__4__Foodisusuallyconsideredtobethelowerpleasure.Allanimalseat,usingthesensesofsmellandtaste.Itdoesn'trequireanycomplexcognition(认知)toconcludethatsomethingisdelicious.However,thesepeoplefailedtoappreciatesomethingthattheFrenchfoodwriterJeanAnthelmeBrillat­Savarincaptured.Thatis,“Animalsfeed;maneats;onlythemanofintellect(才智)knowshowtoeat.”Eatingshowsthatthedifferencebetweenhigherpleasureandlowerpleasureisnotwhatyouenjoybuthowyouenjoyit.__5__Preparingitusingthepowersofreflectionandattentionturnsitintoahigherpleasure.A．Thediningtableisagoodplacetostart.B．Wolfingdownyourfoodisalowerkindofpleasure.C．What'stherealdifferencebetweenhighandlowpleasure?D．Whathappensifthephysicalandthementalcannotbeseparated?E．Allphilosophersbelievedthatcookerycouldneverbeaformofart.F．Higherpleasuredependsonhumanabilitiessuchasself­awarenessorlanguageuse.G．However,disagreementswillbecausedaboutwhethersomeformsofpleasurearebetterthanothers.Ⅲ.语法填空Stand­upisoneofthemostwell­knownandwell­lovedtypesofcomedy.Inobservationalcomedy,thecomedianmakesjokesabout1.________(humour)thingsheorsheobservesineverydaylife.Propcomediansusepropstotelltheirjokes,physicalcomediansmakeuse2.________theirbodiestomakejokes3.________impressionistcomediansactorspeaklikeawell­knownperson,4.________iscalleddoinganimpressionoftheperson.BillyCrystalisoneofthefamousstand­upcomedians.5.________hasalsobecomefamousasafilmandtelevisionactorlateroninlife.Hispopularitywithallagegroupsandhisability6._______(amuse)peopleallovertheworldprovethatstand­upcan7.________(enjoy)byeveryone.Doctors8.________(research)theeffectstand­upandotherformsofcomedyhaveonpeoplehavediscoveredthatpeoplewholaughalotlive9.________(long)thanthosewhodonot.ThisagreeswiththeEnglish10.________(say)“Laughteristhebestmedicine”．Ⅳ.写作(共两节)第一节应用文写作下面是关于中国喜剧演员宋丹丹的一些情况介绍，请以SongDandan—MyFavouriteComedian为题写一篇博客在网上分享。姓名：宋丹丹出生日期：1961年8月成名：20世纪90年代最受喜欢的作品：《家有儿女》(HomewithKids)表演特色：形体动作、眼神和语言非常幽默搞笑喜欢原因：她的表演让我们在平常的生活琐事中，看到一种让人向善的精神，一种高尚的风格。注意：1．不能逐点翻译，可适当增加细节；2．词数80左右。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。ThatcoldJanuarynight,IwasgrowingsickofmylifeinSanFrancisco.ThereIwas,walkinghomeatoneinthemorningafteratiringpracticeatthetheatre.Withopeningnightonlyaweekaway,Iwasstilllearningmylines.Iwashavingtroubledealingwithmypart­timejobatthebankandmyactingatnightatthesametime.AsIwalked,IthoughtseriouslyaboutgivingupbothactingandSanFrancisco.CitylifehadbecometoomuchAsIwalkeddownemptystreetsundertallbuildings,Ifeltverysmallandcold.Ibeganrunning,bothtokeepwarmandtokeepawayfromanypossiblerobbers.Veryfewpeoplewerestilloutexceptafewsad­lookinghomelesspeopleunderblankets.Aboutablockfrommyapartment,Iheardasoundbehindme.Iturnedquickly,halfexpectingtoseesomeonewithaknifeoragun.Thestreetwasempty.AllIsawwasashiningstreetlight.Still,thenoisehadmademenervous,soIstartedtorunfaster.NotuntilIreachedmyapartmentbuildingandunlockedthedoordidIrealisewhatthenoisehadbeen.Ithadbeenmywalletfallingtothesidewalk.SuddenlyIwasn'tcoldortiredanymore.IranoutofthedoorandbacktowhereI'dheardthenoise.AlthoughIsearchedthesidewalkanxiouslyforfifteenminutes,mywalletwasnowheretobefound.JustasIwasabouttogiveupthesearch,Iheardtherubbishtruckpulluptothesidewalknexttome.Whenavoicecalledfromtheinside,“AlisaCamacho？”IthoughtIwasdreaming.Howcouldthismanknowmyname?Thedooropened,andoutjumpedasmallred­hairedmanwithanamusedlookinhiseyes.“Isthiswhatyou'relookingfor？”heasked,holdingupasmallsquareshape.Itwasnearly3ambythetimeIgotintobed.Iwouldn'tgetmuchsleepthatnight,butIhadgotmywalletback.Ialsohadgotbacksomeenjoymentofcitylife.Irealisedthatthecitycouldn'tbeabadplaceaslongaspeoplewerewillingtohelpeachother.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课时作业(四)Writing必备知识基础练Ⅰ.单词拼写1．entertained2.examined3.mood4.essential5.deserves6．cruel7.fame8.impressed9.whispering10.spotⅡ.单句写作1．Theteachermademeretellthestory.2．Shestoodbythewindow,watchingpeoplepassingbyherwindow.3．Whilewaitingforthebus,Imetanoldfriend.4．Ididn'trecogniseheruntilshetookoffherglasses.5．Weshouldforgivehimforhisforgetfulness;afterall,heisoverseventy.6．Youshouldconcentrateonfinishingyourtask.7．J.K.RowlingisknownforHarryPotterseries.8．Excited,thechildrenlookedforwardtogoingonapicnic.关键能力提升练Ⅰ.阅读【语篇解读】这篇文章告诉了我们幽默在人们日常生活中所起到的作用，比如可以改善人际关系、提高生产率等，因此说幽默在工作场所是重要的。1．答案与解析：A'细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句“Infact,about96percentofthosesurveyedsaidpeoplewithasenseofhumourdobetter.”可知选A。2．答案与解析：D'细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是最后一句话“...thosewithasenseofhumourarebettercommunicatorsandbetterteamplayers.”可知选D。3．答案与解析：B'推理判断题。由最后一段前两句话可知，如果幽默真的是很重要的，那么为什么我们不在工作中更经常地使用它呢？很可能，主要的原因是很多人不知道工作场所的幽默的积极影响，故选B。4．答案与解析：B'整篇文章告诉了我们幽默在人们日常生活中所起到的作用，比如可以改善人际关系、提高生产率等，因此说“幽默在工作场所是重要的”这个题目最合适。Ⅱ.七选五【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了幸福和快乐几乎被普遍认为是人类最宝贵的财富之一。然而，关于某些形式的快乐是否比其他形式的好，人们会产生分歧。JohnStuartMill认为快乐的高低是有区别的。以就餐为例，指出吃表明高快乐和低快乐的区别不是你享受什么，而是你如何享受它。狼吞虎咽是一种低级乐趣，但是用心准备它就能将低级乐趣转变为高级乐趣。1．答案与解析：G'根据第二段第一句可知，JeremyBentham认为所有快乐的来源都是平等的，但是JohnStuartMill不同意。由此可知关于某些形式的快乐是否比其他形式的好，存在分歧，故选G。2．答案与解析：F'根据上文“Millarguedforadifferencebetweenhigherandlowerpleasure.(密尔认为快乐的高低是有区别的)”与下文提到了lowerpleasure，即可知本句应该说明higherpleasure。故选F“更高的快乐取决于人类的能力，如自我意识或语言使用”。3．答案与解析：D'上文“Theentiredebateassumesacleardividebetweenthephysicalandthemental.(整个辩论在生理和心理上有明显的分歧)”中thephysicalandthemental可对应到D选项中thephysicalandthemental，意为：如果身体和精神不能分开会发生什么？4．答案与解析：A'根据下文“Foodisusuallyconsideredtobethelowerpleasure.”可知提到了food，故可对应到A选项中的diningtable。意为：餐桌就是一个分歧很明显的地方。5．答案与解析：B'根据后文“Preparingitusingthepowersofreflectionandattentionturnsitintoahigherpleasure.(用反思和专注的力量来准备它，会把它变成一种更高的乐趣)”可知狼吞虎咽是一种低级趣味，故选B。Ⅲ.语法填空【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了单口喜剧表演，并且讲述了喜剧对健康的积极作用。1．答案与解析：humorous'句意为：在观察类喜剧中，喜剧演员会开一些他/她在日常生活中观察到的一些有趣事情的玩笑。分析句子结构可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词things。humour的形容词为humorous，意为“幽默的；搞笑的”。2．答案与解析：of'此处是说肢体动作类喜剧演员会利用他们的身体来逗乐观众。固定短语makeuseof意为“利用”。3．答案与解析：and'分析句子结构可知，该句是由三个并列的句子组成的，设空前后为并列的关系，故填and。不能填while(用于强调两种情况之间的差别)。4．答案与解析：which'分析句子结构可知，设空处应填which，引导非限制性定语从句，指代空前的impressionistcomediansactorspeaklikeawell­knownperson整个句子，并在从句中作主语。5．答案与解析：He'句意为：后来，他也作为一名影视演员而出名。分析句子结构可知，此处应填人称代词He作句子的主语，指代前面提到的BillyCrystal。6．答案与解析：toamuse'句意为：他深受各年龄层的人们的欢迎，他逗乐全世界的人们的能力证明了单口喜剧表演可以深受每一个人的喜爱。one'sabilitytodosth.意为“某人做某事的能力”。7．答案与解析：bee