Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Words and expressions 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

WordsandExpressionsUnit4Journeyacrossavastland

1.airline

[ˈeəlaɪn]:n. 航空公司airway:n.航空公司(常用于具体的航空公司的名称)ChinaSouthernAirlines:中国南方航空集团有限公司ChinaEasternAirlines:中国东方航空股份有限公司bycommercialairline

乘坐商业航班BritishAirways:英国航空公司airplane/aeroplane飞机takeaboatrideoutintothebay乘船去海湾2.bay[beɪ]:n.(海或湖的)湾复数：baysshore海岸，海滨

coast海岸，海滨

seaside海边

beach沙滩

harbour海港，港口

port港口TwinMoonBaycraftsmanship

手艺，技艺，工力3.craft

[krɑːft]:un.&cn.①手艺/工艺/技艺(常用单数)cn.②手工艺品

craftsmancn.手艺人/工匠Thecraftsmanismakingc_____.craftsCraftsmanSpiritTraditionalChinesecraftsmanshipan

antiquebottle

anantiquemirror

anantiquebowl

TheblueandwhitechinacandatebacktoYuanDynasty.Itisana________.4.antique/æn'ti:k/

cn.①古物

②古董

adj.①古老的②古董的ancient[ˈeɪnʃənt]:adj.古老的;古代的unique[juˈniːk]:

adj.①唯一的

②独特的antique

5.pleasant[ˈpleznt]：adj.①令人愉快的/舒适/惬意/宜人

②友好的/和蔼可亲的

(修饰物)(修饰人)1.apleasanttrip2.pleasantclimate3.ThebeautifulsceneryinJiuzhaigouispleasanttotheeyes.4.她非常和蔼可亲，总是挂着灿烂的笑容。(非谓语)Sheismorethanpleasant,alwayswearingabroadsmile.愉快之旅气候宜人九寨沟的美景令人赏心悦目。bepleasanttodosth.做某事很惬意unpleasant

adj.令人不愉快的pleasantlyadv.愉快地，友好地拓展：词形变换(修饰物)(修饰人)pleasev.使高兴/满意pleasedadj.高兴/满意的pleasingadj.令人高兴/满意的pleasuren.高兴/快乐

bepleasedwith=besatisfiedwith=becontentwith

对...满意bepleasedtodosth.高兴/乐于做某事withpleasurehavethepleasureofdoingsth

有荣幸做某事Itisapleasureforsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事是一件快乐的事pleasesb使某人满意apleasingdesign【练透】一词多义(写出下列句中加黑单词的词性和含义)P89①Hearingtheheavyfootstepsapproaching，Samarosefromhischairimmediately. __________②Wearedeterminedtoconqueranyproblemthatwillariseinthefuture.

_______③Mostaccidentsarisefromcarelessness. ______________6.arise[əˈraɪz](arose--arisen):vi.①起身;起床;起立

②出现/产生AarisefromB

A因B产生/A由B引起arise作“呈现；出现；发生”之意时，主语多为抽象名词，如：argument,problem,quarrel,question,movement...vi.起身vi.出现vi.由……引起arisefrom...从……上站起来ariseearly/late/slowly/quicklyariseoutof＝resultfrom由……引起；由……产生【写美】补全句子④Atbreak,ourteachergotdowntodealwiththematter_____________________．休息时，我们的老师开始处理课堂上出现的问题。【辨析】

(arise,rise,raise)arisingfromhisclass原形过去式过去分词现在分词含义arise(vi.)

主要用于借喻,指“出现;发生;产生”,也有“起立;起身”的意思。arouse(vt.)

指“唤醒;激起”,后常跟抽象名词。rise(vi.)

指“升起;上升;(价格等)增长”,也可指“起立;起床;地位升高”等。raise(vt.)

指“升起;举起;增加(程度、价格等);提高(音量);提出;种植(农作物);养育;抚育(子女)”。arosearisenarisingarousedarousingroserisenrisingraisedraising用arise/rise/arouse/raise的适当形式完成语段①______inapoorfamily,hefoundthateverythingintheoutsideworld②_______hiscuriosity.However,astimewentby,manyproblems③_____.Whenthesun④____intheeast,he⑤__________fromhisbedandbegantodealwiththem.Raisedarousedarose

rose

arosearouseone’sinterest/sympathy唤起某人的兴趣、同情心7.massive[ˈmæsɪv]:adj.①巨大的

②非常严重的massn.大量，许多；(n)团；块；群众(adj)大规模的，民众的巨大的:enormous/giant/huge/large/big/great/vast

1.巨大的成功amassivesuccess2.严重的心脏病massiveheartdiseasemassproduction大规模生产amassof/massesof

大量的messn.混乱；杂乱v.使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱=amassiveamountof大量的8.literally[ˈlɪtərəli]:adv.①字面上②真正地literal/ˈlɪtərəl/:adj.字面上的

literary

/ˈlɪtərəri/:adj.文学的；书面的literature/ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/:un.文学,文学作品Itook(理解)whatshesaidliterally,butafterwardsIknewwhatshereallymeant.literallyspeaking照字义来说，不夸张地说beliterallyunderstood按照字面意思理解我按字面意思理解她说的话，但后来我才知道她其实另有用意。takeadeepbreath

深呼吸takeone'sbreathaway

令人惊叹9.breathe[briːð]:vt.&vi.呼吸breath

[breθ]:

①un.呼吸②cn.吸了一口气(常用单数)breathless

adj气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的breathtaking

adj.①激动人心/壮观的

②惊险的屏息;屏气喘不过气来喘口气;缓口气上气不接下气;喘不过气来松一口气outofbreath holdone’sbreath loseone’sbreath

catchone’sbreath

breatheasighofrelief【练透】单句语法填空P89①Lifeisnottheamountofbreathsyoutake，it'sthemomentsthattakeyourbreath_____．②Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardly________

(breath).【写美】句型转换③Thoughwewereoutofbreath,wewererewardedwithbeautifulscenery.→_______________________,wewererewardedwithbeautifulscenery.(状语从句的省略)awaybreatheThoughoutofbreath10.bound[baʊnd]:adj.准备前往(某地)；一定会v.跳动；弹回n.跳beboundforsp. 前往...；开往...beboundtodosth. 一定会做某事；有义务做某事

Thisisabus(whichis)boundforepidemicareas.这是一辆前往疫情区的大巴我们一定会赢得这场“战疫”！Weareboundtowinthebattle.Whetherwearehealthyisboundupwithwhatweeateveryday.beboundupwithsth. 与某事有密切关系

beboundupinsth.

忙于(专心于；热衷于)某事【佳句】

VisitingtheSummerPalaceisboundtogreatlypromoteyourunderstandingoftheprofoundtraditionalChineseculture.游览颐和园一定会大大促进你对中国悠久传统文化的了解。【练透】单句语法填空P90①Severalhourslater,theyfinallymanagedtoboardaplanebound____China.②Heisboundup___hisworkwhichisboundup_____thewelfareofthecommunity.for

in

with【写美】补全句子③Solongasweholdourdreamsandnevergiveup,we_____________________．只要我们坚持梦想并且永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。areboundtoachievesuccesspicturesquescenery

风景如画apicturesquescene

[ˌpɪktʃəˈresk]11.scenery[ˈsiːnəri]n.风景；景色enjoy/admirethescenerybeautiful/fantastic/magnificentscenery欣赏风景美丽的/绚丽的/壮丽的景色scene事发地点，戏剧等的一场，场面battle

scenes

the

openingscenescenery不可数名词，指某一地区的总的整体自然风景They

stopped

at

the

top

of

the

hill

to

admire

the

scenery.sight视力；风景名胜，常用复数形式，多指人文景观The

Great

Wall

is

one

of

the

sights

of

the

world.view指从某个角度，尤指从高处或远处看到的景色The

view

from

the

top

of

the

mountain

is

breathtaking.【语境应用】完成句子。1)get/haveagood______ofthecity2)in/outof_____视力范围内/看不见的范围3)seethe______参观名胜4)onthe______在现场5)Thereisahappy______withchildrenplayinginthepark.6)Switzerlandisfamousforitsbeautiful______.viewsightsightsscenesceneryscene12.awesome[ˈɔːsəm]:adj.①令人惊叹/敬畏的→很好/棒极了

②可怕的aweun.敬畏，惊叹；vt.使敬畏，使赞叹awesome

sights惊人的奇观“非常好”：outstanding,excellent,great,wonderful,terrific,fantastic出色的，绝佳的，极好的amazing,incredible惊人的，了不起的13.spectacular[spekˈtækjələ(r)]adj.壮观的；壮丽的;惊人的

n.壮丽的场面；精彩的表演(1)spectacularscenery壮丽的景色spectacularsunrise壮观的日出景象aspectacularachievement一项了不起的成就aspectacularrise/fall急速上升/下降(2)spectacularly

adv.壮观地；惊人地

aspectaculargoal一个精彩的进球

14.peak[piːk]n. 顶峰；山峰;尖形atthepeakof在……高峰期atthepeakofone'scareer处在某人事业的巅峰peaktime(收听广播、收看电视的)高峰时间peakseason旺季peakflow洪峰；最大流量peakheight峰高

snow­cappedpeaks积雪覆盖的群峰①Hotelroomsaredifficulttofind_____________(在高峰期)theholidayseason.②Heclaimstohavefoundquantitiesofcreatures____________(在山顶上).③Weneedextrahelpduring______________(旺季).atthepeakofonthepeakthepeakseason15.highlight[ˈhaɪlaɪt]n.最好或最精彩的部分

v.突出;强调;使醒目(1)thehighlightof............的亮点(2)

highlight=stress=emphasizehighlighttheimportanceof...强调……的重要性这次旅行中的最精彩的一件事是参观泰姬陵。OneofthehighlightsofthetripwasseeingtheTajMahal.强调开阔眼界的重要性highlighttheimportance/significanceofbroadeningviewsInadditiontoseeingspectacularmountainpeaksandforests,onehighlightoftheirtripwasbeingabletoseemanydifferentcreatures,includingdeer,mountaingoats,andevenagrizzlybearandaneagle.deer

mountaingoatsgrizzlybearsaneagledrill[drɪl]v.钻(孔)；打(眼)n.钻(头)；训练；演习awell-drilledteam

Itisfreezingcold.

极冷的=extremlycold16.freeze[friːz]:vi.&vt.结冰/(使)冻住

，严寒，冻僵，停住不动，暂停freezingadj.①(天气)极冷的

②(人)冰冻的Iamfreezing.frozen

adj.①(人)冰冻的;冻僵的

afrozenface

②(身体部位)冻住

③(人)停住不动，吓呆的

befrozen(forsth)

④冷冻/藏的(食物);quick-frozenfood(freeze-froze-frozen)（1）nearlyfreezetodeath差点冻死

freezewithhorror吓呆了freezeup（突然）呆住sb.’sbloodfreezes某人血液凝固freezingpoint

冰点belowfreezing

冰点以下abovefreezing

冰点以上【练透】单句语法填空P92①Thelowtemperature______

(freeze)myflowerslastweek.②_______

(freeze)foodisconvenienttocook,soit'spopularinsupermarkets.③Shegotusedtothe_________

(freeze)coldclimateinAlaska.frozeFrozenfreezing学法点拨】freezingcold极冷burninghot炎热prettyill病得厉害——freezing，burning，pretty用作副词，意为“非常，颇”。ashopping

mall

aprairie[ˈpreəri]:

一个购物广场北美草原

近义词:market/supermarket;shop/store近义词:

grassland17.anticipate

[ænˈtɪsɪpeɪt]:vt.①预料/预期

anticipationun.预料/预期

anticipate(doing)sth

预料(做)......antcipate+that从句预料

近义词:expect

inanticipation(of)预料，预计Itisanticipatedthat据预料……asanticipated

正如预期，不出所料【练透】单句语法填空P90①Weanticipate_______

(see)youagainsoon.②Heboughtextrafoodin_____________

(anticipate)ofmorepeoplecomingthanhe'dinvited.【写美】一句多译③人们预料这项研究将有许多不同的实际应用。→______________________theresearchwillhavemanydifferentpracticalapplications.→____________________theresearchwillhavemanydifferentpracticalapplications.seeinganticipationPeopleanticipatethatItisanticipatedthatabunchofflowers

abunchofwork

一大堆工作abunchofgrapes

bunch[bʌntʃ]:n.束;串;捆

abunchof 一束;一串;一群/大量abunchofpeopleaclap/crash/rollofthunder一声霹雳；一声巨雷；雷声隆隆Theaudiencerespondedwith____________applause.

Heavytruckskept

thunderingpast.重型卡车不断地隆隆驶过。18.thunder[ˈθʌndə(r)]:un.①雷声②轰隆声vi.①打雷②轰隆隆地响③轰隆隆地快速移动

thunderousadj.雷鸣般的thunderandlightning(闪电)thunderous19.frost[frɔːst]:cn.①霜/霜冻②严寒天气;

vt.使蒙上霜/结霜frostyadj.①霜冻的②严寒的Alotofcropsweredamagedbythef____.rostforestn.森林

形容词后缀-y形容词后缀-y可加在名词后构成形容词，意为“充满……的(fullof)”或“有……特质的（characterisedby）”。dirt（污垢）+-y→dirtyadj

mist（薄雾）+-y→mistyadj

frost（霜）+-y→frostyadj

trick（诡计；花招）+-y→trickyadjsport（运动）+-y→sportyadj

smell（气味）+-y→smellyadjsteel（钢）+-y→steelyadjskin（皮肤）+-y→skinnyadjboss（老板）+-y→bossyadj

stick（棍/条状物）+-y→stickyadj

脏的多雾的结霜的/严寒的棘手的/难对付的爱好（或擅长）体育运动的/（衣服）适合运动时穿着的有臭味的/发臭的钢铁般的/坚定的极瘦的/皮包骨的（像老板一样）爱指挥人的黏的

curtaincn.①窗帘②幕布

curtaincall谢幕

演员为他的谢幕鞠躬。Theactortookabowforhiscurtaincall.1.拉上/打开/关上窗帘draw/pull/open/closeacurtain2.拉开窗帘pullbackthecurtain

20.border[ˈbɔːdə(r)]n.国界；边界(地区)frontier[ˈfrʌntɪə(r)]:n.国界;边界;边境(UK)boundary[ˈbaʊndri]:n.边界;界限;分界线territory

[ˈterətrɪ]:n.领土;领域;地盘crosstheborder:穿越边界Don’tcrosstheborderahead

FrontlineTroop-10121.duration[djuˈreɪʃn]:un.&cn.持续时间/期间①adurationof...一段持续...的时间duringprep.在...期间forthedurationof...在...期间TheirtriphasadurationoffourdaysTheschoolwasusedasahospitalforthedurationofthewar.21.enrol/enroll[ɪnˈrəʊl]:vi.＆vt.①(使)加入→②注册/登记register[ˈredʒɪstə(r)]:v.注册;登记1.注册报名英语课程enrollon/in/fortheEnglishcourse=registerfor=signupfor

quarry[ˈkwɒri]cn.采石场idiom[ˈɪdiəm]n.习语；成语quarrel[ˈkwɒrəl]:

n./v.吵架;争论

(加ed/ing可双写)

proverbsandidioms谚语和习语22.contrary['kɒntrəri]:adj.相反的;相对立的①becontraryto=beoppositeto

与...相反n.相反的事实(或事情)②on the contrary与此相反(作状语，位置灵活) ③tothecontrary相反的/地

(相当于形容词或副词，常

放在修饰的名词后做后置定语)1.Whatyoudidiscntrarytowhatyousiad.2.Youthinkyouareclever;onthecontrary,Iassurethatyouareveryfoolish.3.Hecontinuedtomaintainthathedidnothingwrong,despiteclearevidencetothecontrary.

bycontrast相比之下incontrastto/with=incomparisonwith...与...形成对比【佳句】

Alicedidn'tgiveupherdream.Onthecontrary,sheovercamethedifficultyandmadeit.艾丽斯没有放弃她的梦想。相反，她克服了困难并成功了。【练透】单句语法填空

P100①—Itmusthavebeenterrible.—

___

thecontrary,Ienjoyedeveryminute.②UnlessIheardanything___thecontrary,Ishallassumethemeetingwillbeheldontime.Onto【写美】补全句子③______________________________,studentsincollegemayhavealotoffreetimebetweenclasses.与高中生相反的是，大学生在课间有很多自由时间。Contrarytohighschoolstudents23.anyhow[ˈenihaʊ]adv.(结束交谈或转换话题时)不过；反正(1)somehow意为“以某种方式；用某种方法；不知怎么地”。=someway/someways(2)somewhatadv.有点；稍微；略有几分Anyway,Ican'tcheathim—it'sagainstmyprinciples.①Thepricewas________higherthanI'dexpected.②Hesaidhedidn'tknowmuchaboutcuisinebutthathe'dtryandhelpus________．③Hecouldhavefinisheditonschedule,but________hefellbehind.somewhatanyhowsomehow=anyway24.alongside

[ə,lɔŋˈsaɪd]prep.在…旁边;与…一起

adv.在旁边(1)alongside用作介词：workalongsidesb.与某人一起工作growupalongsidetheport在港口边发展起来(2)alongside用作副词：mooralongside靠码头；靠泊pullupalongside在旁边停下①Iloveto___________________(沿着河边走步).②Ihaveworked_______________________(和他一起多年).③Themadamwaitedseveralminutesforataxito_______________(在旁边停下).walkalongsidetheriveralongsidehimformanyyearspullupalongsidewith/alongwith/togetherwith和...一起

25.proceed[prəˈsiːd]:vi.行进;→继续做①proceedtosth继续...；进入...=proceedwithsth:继续做/参加proceedtowards/to朝……行进②proceedtodo

继续做/接着做(另一事)=continue/goontodo1.We’renotsurewhetherwestillwanttoproceed____thesale.2.PassengersforRomeshouldproceed____Gate32forboarding.withto26.astonish

[əˈstɒnɪʃ]:vt.使吃惊/惊讶Itastonishessb.that…让某人感到惊讶的是…Whatastonishessbisthat...让某人感到惊讶的是…astonishingadj.令人惊讶的astonishedadj.感到惊讶/惊奇的beastonishedat/bysth.因某事而吃惊beastonishedtodosth.因做某事而吃惊astonishmentn.惊讶toone’sastonishment使某人惊讶的是inastonishment吃惊地surprise/amaze/shock【练透】选词填空(astonished/astonishing/astonishment)P101①Toour_____________,thedancerfinishedtheperformancewithsome____________skills.②Hewas___________tolearnhe'dwonthecompetition.【写美】一句多译③使我特别惊讶的是，她仍然记得我的名字。→_____________________,shestillrememberedmyname.(astonishment)→____________________________shestillrememberedmyname.(astonish；主语从句)astonishmentastonishingastonishedTomyastonishmentWhatastonishedmewasthatmisty[misti]adj.多雾的；横相的mist[mst]n.薄雾；水汽stealv.偷窃steel[sti:l]:un.钢;钢铁工业

iron[ˈaɪən]:n.铁fog[fɒɡ]:n.雾foggy[ˈfɒɡi]:adj.有雾的;wind--windy风--有风的rain--rainy雨--有雨的snow--snowy雪--有雪的cloud--cloudy云--有云的steal--stole--stolenanironandsteelworks:钢铁厂theironandsteelindustry:钢铁工业amistymorning薄雾弥漫的早晨mistymemories朦胧的记忆dusk n.黄昏;傍晚duckn.鸭子atdusk/nightfall在黄昏/傍晚atdawn/sunrise/sunset在黎明/日出时/日落时atnoon/midnight在中午/半夜Thestreetlightsgoonatd____.usk27.advertisement[ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt]:n.广告;启事

(简写:ad)put/placeanadvertisement(for...)(为...)打广告advertise

vt.&vi.为……做广告;做广告advertisefor

为……登广告advertisern.广告商;广告人员accent[ˈæksent]:cn.口音dialect[ˈdaɪəlekt]:n.地方话/方言

HespokeEnglishwitha

Japanese

accent.28.photographer[fəˈtɒɡrəfə(r)]:cn.摄影师;拍照者

photograph[ˈfəʊtəɡrɑːf]:cn.照片vt.&