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考研《英语一》湖南省怀化市麻阳苗族自治县2023年全真模拟试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)阅读下面短文,掌握大意,然后从1~10各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Alessonfrommymotherwillalwaysstaywithme.Iwasinthethirdgradethen.Ihadbeen1tobetheprincessintheschoolplay,andforweeksmymotherhadpracticedmy2withme.ButnomatterhoweasilyIdeliveredthemathome,assoonasIsteppedonstage,everyword3frommyhead.Finally,myteachertookmeaside.She4thatshehadwrittenanarrator’s(旁白)parttotheplay,andaskedmeto5roles.Herword,kindlydelivered,stillhurtme,especially6Isawmypartgotoanothergirl.Mymothe______myillfeelings,althoughIdidn’ttellherwhathadhappened.______suggestingwepracticemylines,sheaskedifIwantedto______intheyard.Itwasalovelyspringdayandtherosevine(藤)wasturning7.Underthehugetrees,wecouldseeyellowdandelions(蒲公英)appearing.Iwatchedmymother8todigupsomedandelions.“Fromnowon,we’llhaveonlyrosesinthisgarden,”shesaid.“ButIlikedandelions,”Isaid.“All9arebeautiful---evendandelions.”Mymotherlookedatme______.“Yes,everyflowergivespleasureinitsownway,doesn’tit?”sheasked.I10,pleasedthatIhadwonherover.“Andthatis11ofpeopletoo,”sheadded.“Noteveryonecanbeaprincess,butthereisno12inthat.”Knowingthatshehadguessedmy13,IstartedtocryasItoldherwhathadhappened.Shelistenedandsmiled.“Butyouwillbeabeautifulnarrator,”shesaid,14meofhowmuchIlovedtoreadstoriesaloudtoher.“Thenarrator’s15iseverybitasimportantasthepartofaprincess.”Overthenextfewweeks,withherconstant16,Ilearnedtotakeprideintherole.1、A.judged B.picked C.refused D.paid2、A.points B.films C.lines D.actions3、A.disappeared B.occurred C.maintained D.came4、A.promised B.admitted C.expected D.explained5、A.provide B.switch C.share D.play6、A.before B.since C.because D.when7、A.accepted B.understood C.sensed D.received8、A.Exceptfor B.Insteadof C.Apartfrom D.Alongwith9、A.walk B.sleep C.perform D.dance10、A.yellow B.green C.dark D.red11、A.goback B.jumpout C.breakin D.benddown12、A.trees B.flowers C.roses D.creatures13、A.seriously B.angrily C.unwillingly D.coldly14、A.disagreed B.sighed C.cried D.nodded15、A.lucky B.worthy C.true D.free16、A.doubt B.argument C.shame D.mercy17、A.pain B.problem C.accident D.answer18、A.reminding B.abusing C.informing D.persuading19、A.voice B.name C.idea D.part20、A.warning B.encouragement C.praise D.awardSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Longbeforetheycanactuallyspeak,babiespayspecialattentiontothespeechtheyheararoundthem.Withinthefirstmonthoftheirlives,babies’responsestothesoundofthehumanvoicewillbedifferentfromtheirresponsestoothersortsofhearingstimulation.Theywillstopcryingwhentheyhearapersontalking,butnotiftheyhearabellorthesoundofarattle.Atfirst,thesoundsthatababynoticesmightbeonlythosewordsthatreceivetheheaviestemphasisandthatoftenoccurattheendsofutterances(讲话,说话).Bythetimetheyaresixorsevenweeksold,babiescandetectthedifferencebetweensyllablespronouncedwithrisingandfallingtones.Verysoon,thesedifferencesinadultstressandintonationcaninfluencebabies’emotionalstatesandbehavior.Longbeforetheydevelopactuallanguagecomprehension,babiescansensewhenanadultishappyorangry,attemptingtobeginorendnewbehavior,andsoon,merelyonthebasisofcluessuchastherate,volume,andmelodyofadultspeech.Adultsmakeitaseasyastheycanforbabiestopickupalanguagebyexaggerating(夸张)suchclues.Oneresearcherobservedbabiesandtheirmothersinsixdiverseculturesandfoundthat,inallsixlanguages,themothersusedsimplifiedutterancesandnonsensesounds,andtransformedcertainsoundsintobabytalk.Otherresearchershavenotedthatwhenmotherstalktobabieswhoareonlyafewmonthsold,theyexaggeratethepitch,loudness,andintensityoftheirwords.Theyalsoexaggeratetheirfacialexpressions,holdvowels(元音)longer,andemphasizecertainwords.Moresignificantforlanguagedevelopmentthantheirresponsetogeneralintonationisobservationthattinybabiescanmakerelativelyfinedistinctionsbetweenspeechsounds.Inotherwords,babiesentertheworldwiththeabilitytomakethosepreciselyperceptual(知觉的,感性的)recognitionthatarenecessaryiftheyaretoacquirelisteninglanguage.Babiesobviouslyobtainpleasurefromsoundinput,too:evenasyoungasninemonthstheywilllistentosongsorstories,althoughthewordsthemselvesarebeyondtheirunderstanding.Forbabies,languageisasensory-motordelightratherthantheroutetoboringmeaningthatitoftenisforadults.1、Theauthormentionssyllableswithrisingandfallingtonesto.A.showhowdifficultitisforbabiestointerpretemotionsB.provideanexampleofwaysadultsspeaktobabiesC.giveareasonforbabies’difficultyintellingoneadultfromanotherD.showasix-week-oldbabycanalreadytellsomelanguagedifferences2、WhatcanbeinferredaboutthefindingsdescribedinParagraph2?A.Mothersfromdifferentculturesspeaktotheirbabiesinsimilarways.B.Babiesignorefacialexpressionsinunderstandinglisteninglanguage.C.Themotherswereunconsciouslyteachingtheirbabiestospeak.D.Mothersonlyexaggeratetheirtoneswhentalkingtobabies.3、Whydobabieslistentosongsandstories,eveniftheycan’tunderstand?A.Theyunderstandtherhythm.B.Theyenjoythesound.C.Theycanrememberthemeasily.D.Theyfocusonthemeaning.4、What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Babiescandetectsoundsotherthanthehumanvoice.B.Babies’waystolearnalanguagedifferfromadults’.C.Babiescanrespondtothespeechbeforetheycanspeak.D.Babiescantellthesoundofthehumanvoicefromothersounds.Text2Morethanonebillionyoungpeopleriskdamagingtheirhearingthroughtheoveruseofsmartphonesandotheraudiodevices,theUNwarnedTuesday,proposingnewsafetystandardsforsafevolumelevels.Currently,aboutfivepercentoftheglobalpopulation,orsome466millionpeople,including34millionchildren,sufferfromdisablinghearingloss.Youngpeopleareparticularlylikelytodevelopsuchriskylisteninghabits.Aroundhalfofthosebetweentheagesof12and35,or1.1billionpeople,areatriskdueto“longandsevereexposuretoloudsounds,includingmusictheylistentothroughpersonalaudiodevices,”theUNhealthagencysaid.Inabidtosafeguardhearing,theWorldHealthOrganizationandInternationalTelecommunicationsUnionissuedaninternationalstandardforthemanufactureanduseofaudiodevices.WHOconsidersavolumeabove85decibelsforeighthoursor100decibelsfor15minutesasunsafe.Thesafelisteningdevicesandsystemsstandardcallsfora"soundallowance"softwaretobeincludedinallaudiodevices,totrackthevolumelevelanddurationofauser'sexposuretosound,andtoevaluatetheriskposedtotheirhearing.Thissystemcouldalertauseriftheyhavedangerouslisteninghabits.WHOisalsocallingforparentalaswellasautomaticvolumecontrolsonaudiodevicestopreventdangeroususe.Whilesomesmartphonesandotheraudiodevicesalreadyoffersomeofthesefeatures,theUNwouldliketoseeauniformstandardusedtohelpprotectagainstdisablinghearingloss."Thinkofitlikedrivingonahighway,butwithoutaspeedometerinyourcaroraspeedlimit,"ShellyChadhaoftheWHOtoldreportersinGeneva."Whatwe'veproposedisthatyoursmartphonescomefittedwithaspeedometer,withameasurementsystemwhichtellsyouhowmuchsoundyou'regettingandtellsyouifyouaregoingoverthelimit".1、Whatisthepurposeofproposingnewsafevolumestandards?A.Towarnpeopleofdangerouslisteninghabits.B.Tohelpprotectagainstdisablinghearingloss.C.Topromotethedevelopmentofaudiodevices.D.Topreventthemanufactureanduseofaudiodevices.2、Wherecanyoufindthedatathatbestsupports“youngpeopleriskdamagingtheirhearingthroughtheoveruseofsmartphones”?A.Inparagraph2. B.Inparagraph3.C.Inparagraph4. D.Inparagraph5.3、Whatdoweknowaboutsafevolumelevelsaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Itissafetolistentomusicunderanycircumstances.B.Itisimportanttokeeptrackoftheriskfortheusers.C.Itisnecessarytohaveusersalertedbytheirparents.D.Itisacceptabletokeepthevolumeat90decibelsfor15minutes.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TurningDowntheVolume.B.MakingGoodUseofSmartphones.C.TheRiseandFallofAudioDevices.D.TheSafetyStandardsforVolumeLevels.Text3Withallthewars,fightingandsadnessintheworldtoday,it'snotonlynecessary,butalsoessentialtohaveagoodsenseofhumorjusttohelpusgetthrougheachandeverydayofourlives.Puttingasmileonsomeone'sfacewhenyouknowtheyarefeelingdowninthedump,makesmefeelgoodandwarmsmyheart.Howwouldyoufeelifyoucouldnotjokearoundwithyourwife,husband,child,co-worker,neighbor,closefriends,orevenjustsomeonethatyouarestandinginlinewithatyourcornerstore?Iamalwayssayingthingsthatmakeotherssmileorlaugh,evenifIdon'tknowthepersonI'mjokingaroundwith.MyGrandmaalwaysfoundhumorineverythingshedid,evenifitwasthehardestjobanyonecouldimagine.Thisnotonlyrelievesstressinanysituation,butalsoiscommoncourtesy(礼貌)tospeaktoothersthatarearoundyou.Iknowofafewpeoplethatdon’thaveafunnyboneintheirbodies,astheysay.Everyonearoundthemcouldberollingonthefloorafterhearingagreatjokeandtheywouldsittherewithouttheslightestsmileontheirface.Theydon'tgetthejokethatmakesotherslaugh.Iambustingagutwhiletheyjustsitthere,lookingatmeasifIwerefromouterspace.Howcanpeoplenotgetareallyfunnyjoke?Laughingisessentialtokeepyourstresslevelsundercontrol.Withouthumorwewouldfindourselveswithalotofpsychologicalproblems,oronalotofmedicationstokeepusfromgoingcrazy.Thereistoomuchsadnessinthispresentworld.Itdrivespeoplecrazy.Weallneedtofindawaytoignorethesadnessandbringalittlelightintoourlives.So,Ibelieveourbestmedicineistogettogetherandtellsomejokesandhavesomefunlaughingtogether.1、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthepresentworld?A.SatisfiedB.PositiveC.CriticalD.Indifferent2、Thephrase“bustingagut"inthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby.A.explainingcarefullyB.speakingloudC.keepingsilentD.laughinghard3、Accordingtotheauthor,humorisusefulintheaspectthat.A.itmakespeoplemoreconfidentB.itcanhelpgetridofthecrueltyintheworldC.itcanpickuppeople’sspiritsD.itcanhelppeoplegetonwellwithothers4、Inwritingthepassage,theauthormainlyintendsto.A.introduceapracticalwaytogetthroughdailylifeB.encouragepeopletobehumorousindailylifeC.convincepeopleofthepowerofhumourD.talkabouthisownunderstandingofhumorText4ThenotetapedtothehoststandatthePrimeRibsaysitall.“Wefoughtthebattlethelongest,butwegivein!”itreads.“It’snowacompletelyinformalworld;theywearwhatevertheywish.Theywantawarm,easy,friendlyatmosphere,evenin“finedining.’Sowedecidedtogowiththeflow.”Yes,afteralmosthalfacentury,ThePrimeRibhasswitchedtobusinesscasual.Itisamongmostoftoday’sfinestdiningestablishments---includingCharleston,TheBlackOlive,andTheCapitalGrille---thathavedecidedtolightenup.Theyhavegivenupcaringtoomuchaboutwhattheirguestsaredressedinasbefore,adoptingacome-as-you-areattitude.Attheserestaurants,you’relikelytoseecasualclothessuchaskhakis(trousersmadeofkhakicloth)andHawaiianshirts.“We’reabusinessfirst,”saysDavidDerewicz,generalmanageroftheimpressivediningestablishment.“Andwewerelosingbusinesswithourjacketrequirements.”Hekeptalistofover20peoplewhotoldhim,“Ifyoudropthejacketpolicy,we’llcomeback.”Oncethedresscodeshiftwasseriouslybeingconsidered,Derewiczmadedozensofphonecallstolong-timeguests.Mostsaidtheydidn’tmindthechangeaslongastherestaurantitself…withitswhitetablecloths,darkleatherchairs,grandpiano,andtuxedoedwaitstaff---stayedthesame.“Sincethechangewasintroducedlastsummer,we’venotlostaguest,”saysDerewicz.OnasecretnightatThePrimeRib,thescenewasprettymuchthesameasit’severbeen…lotsofmeninjacketsandties,someinshirtsandslacks,butnowtheoccasionalkhakisandpoloshirtsthrownin.Itturnsoutthatpeopleareprettycapableofpolicingthemselves,evenwithoutaformaldresscode.WhilesometraditionalistsmayarguethatThePrimeRib9sreputationhasbeendamagedabit,Derewiczfeelsthattherestauranthasmovedaheadandfinallystrengthenedtheirband.1、ThePrimeRib’snotemainlytellspeopleabout.A.itslonghistoryB.itspleasantatmosphereC.itschangeindresscodeD.itsbattlewithotherrestaurants2、Theunderlinedwords“lightenup”inparagraph4probablymean“”.A.followalongtraditionB.takeamatterlessseriouslyC.makesomethingcontinueasbeforeD.helpeachothertoachievesomething3、AccordingtoDerewicz,followingtheformaldresscodemeans.A.furtherdevelopmentB.abetterreputationC.lowefficiencyD.failingprofits4、WhatdoweknowaboutThePrimeRibnow?A.Itispraisedbysometraditionalists.B.Thepolicecometoprotectitsguests.C.Mostofitsguestsstillwearformalclothes.D.Mostpeoplegothereinkhakisandpoloshirts.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Areenergydrinkssafe?Inspiteofthedangers1.(know)tousall,themarketforenergydrinksisboomingTheGlobalEnergyDrinkmarket2.(expect)toteach$72billionby3.Thisisgreatnewsforenergydrinkproducers,4.whatareconsumersreallygettingwhentheybuythesedrinks?Energydrinkscancausedehydration(脱水)Themainsourceofenergyinmostenergyproductsiscaffeine,5.increasesurine(尿)productionPeopleshouldn’tconsumemorethan400mgofcaffeineperday,butenergydrinkproducersarenotrequiredbydraw6.(list)theamountofcaffeinetheirproductscontainEnergydrinkscanincreaseheartrateCaffeinecontributes7.aheartraterisk,saysnutritionistLisaCohn,whofoundthatenergydrinkabuseamongteens8.(cause)increasedriskofheartattack,especiallyinthosewithpotentialheartconditionsEnergydrinkscandamage9.(tooth)Mostenergyproductscontainlargeamountsofcitricacid(柠檬酸),whichisparticularly10.(harm)toenamel(牙釉质)Infact,the11.(lose)ofenamelafterexposuretoenergydrinksismorethantwicehigherthanafterexposuretosportsdrinksIwon’tcallmyselfthemostaccomplishedpersonwhenitcomesto1.(hold)chopsticksInfact,I’mprettysurethatmytechniquelooksclumsyattimesItendtohold2.(I)inthemiddle,morelikebeginnerthanexpertStill,sinceIeatalmosteverymealwiththeeatingutensil(器皿)ofchoiceinChina,it’snotuncommonforanewfriendoracquaintancetocometoasimple3.(conclude)afterobservingmethatmyChinesehusband,Jun,musthaveshownme4.tousethembeforeTheyarewrongI’veusedchopstickseversinceIwasateenager,atimewhenmysisterandmotherwerebothfondofChinesecuisineandintroducedme5.manynewdishes,alongwiththe6.(prefer)utensilsinChinaWealwayskeptbamboochopsticksalongwithour7.(knife),forksandspoons,readyforwheneverwehappenedtohaveChinesefoodfordinnerItwasmyclosestfamily8.observedmyfirstmistakesImadeinusingchopsticksPlus,IlivedovertwoyearsinChinabeforeJunandIstarteddatingandI9.(expect)tousechopsticksinalmosteveryrestaurant,standandbarTrustme,whenyou’rehungryyoufigureoutprettyfastwhatittakestodown(咽下)10.mealwiththeseutensilsSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)MainTypesofWaterPollutionWhenwethinkofEarth’swaterresources,wethinkofhugeoceans,lakes,andrivers.1、Themostobvioustypeofwaterpollutionaffectssurfacewater.Forexample,aspillfromanoiltankercreatesanoillayerthatcanaffectavastareaofanocean.2、Agreatdealofwaterisheldinundergroundrockstructuresknownasaquifers(含水层).Waterstoredundergroundinaquifersisknownasgroundwater.Aquifersfeedourriversandsupplymuchofourdrinkingwater.Theycanalsobecomepolluted,forexample,whenweedkillersusedinpeople’sgardensdrainintotheground.Surfacewaterandgroundwaterarethetwotypesofwaterresourcesthatpollutionaffects.3、Ifpollutioncomesfromasinglelocation,suchasapipeattachedtoafactory,itisknownaspointsourcepollution.4、Agreatdealofwaterpollutionhappensnotfromonesinglesourcebutfrommanydifferentsources.Thisiscallednonpointsourcepollution.Sometimespollutionthatenterstheenvironmentinoneplacehasaneffecthundredsoreventhousandsofmilesaway.5、OneexampleisthewayradioactivewastetravelsthroughtheoceansfromunclearreprocessingplantsinEnglandandFrancetonearbycountriessuchasIrelandandNorway.A.Besides,wethinkofbottledwater.B.Thisisknownastransboundary(跨界的)pollution.C.NotallofEarth’swatersitsonitssurface,however.D.Waterresourceslikethesearecalledsurfacewater.E.Therearealsotwodifferentwaysinwhichpollutioncanoccur.F.Pouringoilfromyourcardownadraincanleadtowaterpollution.G.Anotherexampleofpointsourcepollutionisanoilspillfromatanker.Mostcarshaveseatbeltsaspartoftheirequipment.Seatbeltsprotectdriversandpassengersincaseofaccidents.T
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