外研版（2023）选择性必修第一册高二英语上学期期中考试（北京卷）（单元重难点易错题精练）（含解析）

第第页外研版（2023）选择性必修第一册高二英语上学期期中考试（北京卷）（单元重难点易错题精练）（含解析）绝密★考试结束前

2023-2024学年高二上学期期中考试（北京卷）

英语

（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：100分）

注意事项：

1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。

3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。

WhenIwasajuniorinhighschool,Iwasnominated(提名)torunforvicepresidentoftheStudentCouncilatthestartofoursenioryear.Iturneditdownbecauseoftheresponsibilitiesofthisposition.ButI1torunforcourtclerkinstead,asIknewthatbeingcourtclerkwouldn’tbedifficult.Whentheelectioncame,I2.Indeed,overthewholeyearthatfollowed,theonlythingmynewpositionbroughtwasasenseof3,justasIhadhoped.

Thentowardstheendoftheyear,allthecouncilmemberstookturnstotalkabouttheirexperiencesintheirpositionsinthefinalassembly(集会)oftheyear.IthoughtIwaslastintermsofimportance,the4positiononthecouncil.Sowhentalkingaboutmyjob,Isaidthatthecourtclerkdidn’tdoanything;sincetherewasnocourt,itdidn’tmatterwhotheyvotedfor.IthoughtIwasbeing5andcool.

AsIexited,however,Iwas6byanangryMr.Roberge,theStudentCounciladvisor.Hetookmeasideandcriticizedme,usingwhatever7wordshecouldthinkof.Ican’texactlyrememberwhathesaid.ButIwasforcedtorealizeIhaddevelopedthediseaseofnotcaring,andthecancerofalackof8.

IcannotsayMr.Roberge9methenandthere.ButsincethatdayIhavebeenmuchmoreawareofmystrugglestoberespectfulforpeopleandformyself.Mr.Robergechangedthe10ofmylife,bymaybeafewcentimeters.Butthatdifferencehasaccumulatedovertime,andIamnotthepersonIwouldhavebeen.

1．A．continuedB．agreedC．hesitatedD．failed

2．A．wonB．votedC．withdrewD．panicked

3．A．freedomB．achievementC．lightnessD．security

4．A．coolestB．hardestC．bestD．lowest

5．A．truthfulB．respectfulC．smartD．humble

6．A．disturbedB．punishedC．doubtedD．stopped

7．A．sharpB．abstractC．confusingD．discouraging

8．A．self-controlB．self-acceptanceC．self-respectD．self-discipline

9．A．comfortedB．curedC．impressedD．inspired

10．A．goalB．valueC．paceD．course

第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

A

Ienjoyedalovablecollegetimebothoncampusandathome.Atcollege,Ijoinedavarietyofclubstoenrichmylife.Asthetermwasdrawingtoanend,I11(plan)todoplentyofthingsduringthevacation.Firstofall,Iwantedtohelpmymother12housework.Ialsowishedtofinishthethickestbook13hadbeenrecommendedbymyteacher.ItturnedoutthateverythingwentsmoothlyasIexpected.

B

Extremeheatisbecomingincreasinglycommonacrosstheglobe.Itisan14(extreme)dangerousweatherconditionwherethetemperaturesaremuchhotterthanaverage.It’sclearthathowhotfuturesummerswillgetdependson15humansdotostopclimatechange.Governmentsappealtopeopletoreducegreenhouse16(gas)—likemethane(甲烷)andcarbondioxide(CO2)-intheatmosphere.Also,theywillsetuppubliccoolingstations17(protect)peopleatrisk.

C

TheSanxingduiRuinssiteinSichuanprovince,18(consider)asoneofthegreatestfindingsofmankindinthe20thcentury,hascontinuedtoamazetheworld.SinceMay,2023,morethan500culturalrelics19(find)atthesite,includingbronzeware(青铜器),goldandbronzemasksandsoon.Amongthem,agoldmaskiscatchingtheworld’sattention.It’s37.2cmwide,16.5cmhighand20(weigh)about100grams,whichisstrongproofoftheexistenceofancientShustate.

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）

第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

LakewayMiddleSchoolNowHasItsOwnSchoolStore!

TheLion’sDen

StopbytheLion’sDenbeforeorafterschoolorduringlunchtocheckoutthevariousgoodsavailableatournewschoolstore.Hereyoucanfindschoolsupplies,gymuniformsandgifts.Choir(合唱团)studentsmanagethestoreandarereadytoserveyou.Moneyraisedfromsaleswillhelppurchasenewmusic,costumes,andsoundequipmentforthechoir.

EverythingyouneedforschoolisavailableattheLion’sDen.Comeintodaytoseeforyourself!

Location:Room2258,nexttothedininghallHours:Monday—Friday7:30—8:00A．M.,11:30A．M.—1:30P.M.,and3:304:15P.M.

UsedBookDonationsDonationsofusedbooksarewelcomeandrewarded.Dropoffyourusedbookdonationsinthestore.Foreveryfivebooksdonated,receiveaLionsRewardCoingoodfor25centsoffyournextpurchaseattheLion’sDen.

SaveandWin

Bringthefollowingcoupons(优惠券)inwhenyouvisittheLion’sDen.Youcansave20%offyourfirstpurchase,receiveafreepenorpencil,andenteryournameandgradeinadrawingtowinaT-shirt.ScantheQRcode,andyoucangetmorediscountinformation.

21．TheLion’sDenraisesmoneyto____________.

A．buybooksB．helptheschoolchoir

C．supportthepoorD．buildanewschool

22．Ifyoudonatefiveusedbooks,youcanget____________

A．aLionsRewardCoinB．20%off

C．morediscountinformationD．afreepencilorpen

23．Wecanprobablyreadthispassagefrom____________.

A．atextbookB．atravelguideC．asciencemagazineD．aschoolwebsite

B

WillGladstoneremembersfirstlearningabouttheblue-footedboobyinhisfifthgradescienceclass.TheyareasymboloftheGalapagosIslands.

Theblue-footedboobypopulationintheGalapagoshasfallentoathirdofitssizesincethe1960s.ThisfactstayedwithWill,whogrewupbird-watchingwithhisdadaroundtheirhometown.WillhadneverbeentotheGalapagos,norseenablue-footedboobyinperson,butdecidedhewantedtohelpprotectthem.

Afewdayslater,hecameupwithaplan:Hecouldsellbluesocks,thesamecolorasthebird'sfeet,toraisemoneyforprotectionefforts.WillsetuphisonlinesiteTheBlueFeetFoundationinMarch2023.ThewebsitewasupforthreemonthsbeforeWillandhisyoungerbrotherMatthewsoldtheirfirstpairofsocks.“Wereachedouttoalotofpeopleandtheywouldn'ttakeusseriously...becausewewerejustkids.”

Butbeing“justkids”comeswithitsownstrengths.TheymadeanInstagramaccountforthefoundationandstarteddirect-messagingstars.Willsaysoneoftheirbiggestsupportersishislongtimefavoritehockeyplayer,KevanMiller.Theyhavesoldabout10,000pairsofsockstocustomersin46countries,raisingabout$90,000aftercosts.AllprofitsgototheGalapagosConservancyandtheCharlesDarwinFoundation,tworesearchandprotectionorganizationsbasedintheGalapagosIslands.

Will'sandMatthew'seffortsarealreadyhavingabeneficialeffect.Theirmoneywasusedforablue-footedboobypopulationsurveyin2023byateamof10researchers.Theresearchersreportthattheydidseemanymorebabybirdsthanintheirpreviousstudyin2023.

Threeyearsafterformingthefoundation,WillgottovisittheGalapagosonaweek-longschooltrip.AndWillfinallygottoseeablue-footedboobyinperson.“Iwascrazilylookingaroundandwhenlsawone,itwasreallycool,”Willsaid.

Thebrothershavewonseveralawardsfortheirwork.Buttheyeachsaythebiggestawardthey'vegotisperseverance.

24．WhatinspiredWilltoprotecttheblue-footedbooby

A．Thedropofthebirds'number.B．HistriptoGalapagosIslands.

C．Hisexperienceofbird-watching.D．Thesymbolicmeaningofthebird.

25．WhatdidWillandMatthewdowhilepeopledidn'ttakethemseriously

A．TheystartedTheBlueFeetFoundation.

B．Theyaskedprotectionorganizationsforhelp.

C．Theyreachedouttotheirclassmatesandotherkids.

D．Theyopenedanaccountandcontactedfamouspeople.

26．ThemoneyWillandMatthewraisedwasusedto______.

A．takecareofmorebabybirdsB．doscientificresearchonthebirds

C．attractpeopletowatchthebirdsD．awardpeoplewhoprotectthebirds

27．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWill

A．Humorous.B．Generous.C．Determined.D．Creative.

C

OncewhenIwasfacingadecisionthatinvolvedhighrisk,Iwenttoafriend.Helookedatmeforamoment,andthenwroteasentencecontainingthebestadviceI’veeverhad:Beboldandbrave—andmighty(强大的)forceswillcometoyouraid.

ThosewordsmademeseeclearlythatwhenIhadfallenshortinthepast,itwasseldombecauseIhadtriedandfailed.ItwasusuallybecauseIhadletfearoffailurestopmefromtryingatall.Ontheotherhand,wheneverIhadplungedintodeepwater,forcedbycourageorcircumstance,IhadalwaysbeenabletoswimuntilIgotmyfeetonthegroundagain.

Boldnessmeansadecisiontobiteoffmorethanyouaresureyoucaneat.Andthereisnothingmysteriousaboutthemightyforces.Theyarepotentialpowerswepossess:energy,skill,soundjudgment,creativeideas—evenphysicalstrengthgreaterthanmostofusrealize.

Admittedly,thosemightyforcesarespiritualones.Buttheyaremoreimportantthanphysicalones.Acollegeclassmateofmine,Tim,wasanexcellentfootballplayer,eventhoughheweighedmuchlessthantheaverageplayer.“InonegameIsuddenlyfoundmyselfconfrontingahugeplayer,whohadnothingbutmebetweenhimandourgoalline,”saidTim.“IwassofrightenedthatIclosedmyeyesanddesperatelythrewmyselfatthatguylikeabullet(子弹)—andstoppedhimcold.”

Boldness—awillingnesstoextendyourselftotheextreme—isnotonethatcanbeacquiredovernight.Butitcanbetaughttochildrenanddevelopedinadults.Confidencebuildsup.Surely,therewillbesetbacks(挫折)anddisappointmentsinlife;boldnessinitselfisnoguarantee(保证)ofsuccess.Butthepersonwhotriestodosomethingandfailsisalotbetteroffthanthepersonwhotriestodonothingandsucceeds.

So,alwaystrytolivealittlebitbeyondyourabilities—andyou’llfindyourabilitiesaregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.

28．Whywastheauthorsometimesunabletoreachhisgoalinthepast

A．Hefacedhugerisks.B．Helackedmightyforces.

C．Fearpreventedhimfromtrying.D．Failureblockedhiswaytosuccess.

29．Whatistheimpliedmeaningoftheunderlinedpart

A．Swallowmorethanyoucandigest.B．Actslightlyaboveyourabilities.

C．Developmoremysteriouspowers.D．Learntomakecreativedecisions.

30．WhatwasespeciallyimportantforTim’ssuccessfuldefenseinthefootballgame

A．Hisphysicalstrength.B．Hisbasicskill.C．Hisrealfear.D．Hisspiritualforce.

31．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage

A．Toencouragepeopletobecourageous.B．Toadvisepeopletobuildupphysicalpower.

C．Totellpeoplethewaystoguaranteesuccess.D．Torecommendpeopletodevelopmoreabilities.

D

MyfamilymovedtoSt.Paul,Minnesotalastyear,wheretheaveragewintertemperatureisaround10degreesFahrenheit.Oncesummerended,everyonewentinsidetoplayicehockey.I’dbeenontheiceonlyacoupleoftimeswhenIwasmuchyounger.WhenI’dfallenandbrokenmywristduringmysecondlesson,I’ddecidednevertoputoniceskatesagain.

Ben,thefriendImadeinthenewcity,volunteeredtoteachmetoskate.Eventhoughhewasverypatient,IwassoembarrassedbymyclumsinessthatIbegantomakeupexcusesfornotskating.

OnedayIdiscoveredafasterroutehome.Ittookmepastalargefrozenpond.Inoticedawomanteachingayounggirltoskate.Thegirlwasattemptingtojumpandspinintheair.Overandover,shepushedoffthegroundwiththetoeofherskate.Andoverandover,shelandedhardontheice.AfterIhadbeenwatchingthegirlpracticeforaboutaweek,oneafternoonshesuddenlyliftedofftheground,spunintheair,andlandedonherfeet!

ThenextdayIboughtmyselfsomebrandnewskates.Everydayonthewayhomelstoppedatthepondandwobbledontotheice,rightnexttothegirlwhohadlandedherjump.Assheperfectedhertwistsandtricks,Itaughtmyselftoglideandturmn.Itwashardbeingabeginner,andwhenIfeltIhadtofighttheurgetosimplygiveup.Instead,everytimeIwentdown,Ijustpickedmyselfupandstartedoveragain.SoonIwasabletokeepmybalanceandskatemoreconfidently.Injustafewweeks,Iwasactuallyreadytopracticethespeedskating,faststops,andquickturnsneededforicehockey.WhenIwasfinallyreadytoshowBenmynewfoundskatingability,hetoldmeIshouldjointhelocalhockeyleague.Itriedoutandwaschosenforateam.Bytheendoftheseason,Iwaspartofawinningteam.

32．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor

A．Helearnedskatingfromthegirl

B．Hepreferredicehockeytoskating

C．Hehadoncegivenuplearningskating

D．Hemovedtoanewcitywithoutsummer.

33．Whydidtheauthormentionthegirlonthepond

A．Toprovethegirlwasskillful

B．Tosuggestthegirlinspiredhim

C．Toshowthegirlwasaquicklearner.

D．Toexplainhowhecameacrossthegirl

34．Accordingtothelastparagraph,theauthor'strainingwas________.

A．easyandbasicB．hardbutrewarding

C．boringandtiringD．strictbutinteresting

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。

FarmsoftheFuture

Skyscrapers(摩天大楼)aretheultimatesymbolofurbanlife.By2050,almost80percentoftheearth’spopulationcouldliveincities.Thehumanpopulationcouldincreaseto9.1billionpeopleyettheamountoflandavailableforfarmingwillbethesame.35

Verticalfarms,wherefarmerscouldgrowcropsinenvironmentallyfriendlyskyscrapers,couldbethesolution.Inspiteofconcernsoverhighcosts,expertswanttomaketheseurbanfarmsarealityandusetheseskyscraperstogrowcrops.36

Verticalfarmswouldhavemanyadvantages,expertssay.Thefoodwouldbegrownwithminimaleffectsontheenvironment.Unliketraditionalfarming,verticalfarmingwouldnotforceanimalsoutoftheirhabitatsbytakingoverlargeareasofland,norwoulditpollutetheairwiththeuseofheavyfarmingequipment.37Thesehavebeenwellrecognized.

Growingprosperityhasledtomanypeopledemandingthatallfoodsareavailableallyearround.Indoorfarmingcouldproducecropsconstantlyandcropswouldnotsufferfromweather-relatedproblemslikedroughtorflooding.Inaddition,theuseofagriculturalchemicalsforcontrollinginsectswouldbeminimal.

38Theypointoutthatalthoughcropsgrowinginatallglassbuildingwouldgetnaturalsunlightduringtheday,itwouldn’tbeenough.Theplantsclosesttothewindowswouldgrowmuchmorequicklythantheplantsfurtherinside.Theplantsgrowingawayfromthewindowsmaynotproduceasmanyorashighqualityvegetables.39Theywouldneedadditionallightsources.

Expertsagreethatthenewfarmingpracticesareneededtosupporttheplanet’sneedformoreandmorefoodataffordablecosts,bothtothefarmerandtotheconsumer.Verticalfarmsmaybeasmall-scaleanswer,butthebestideascouldbeyettocome.

A．Still,therearesomepeoplewhoarecriticalofverticalfarms.

B．Thatiswhereverticalfarmsareoftenneededforyear-roundcrops.

C．Sohowtomeettheincreasingfoodneedsofourplanetcouldbeabigproblem.

D．Forthesereasons,naturallightcannotbeaworkablesolutionforverticalfarms.

E．Verticallygrownfoodisgrowninenvironmentallycontrolledconditionsinbigcities.

F．Thosefarmswouldalsoreducethecostandnegativeeffectsoftransportingfoodoverdistances.

G．Theybelievethatwecanincreasethefoodproductionbychangingourthinkingfromouttoup.

第三部分书面表达（共两节，共32分）

第一节阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。

DigitalInclusionforOlderAdults

Asaresearcherinthebehaviorofolderadults,Iregularlyhearcomplaintsfromthemlike,“I’mjustnotpartofthisworldanymore.Incertainpartsofsociety,Ijustcan’tjoin…SomethingsjustarenotpossibleifyouarenotintheflowoftheInternet.”or“Wefeellikewe’restandingoutsideabuildingthatwehavenoaccessto.”

Today,masteringdigitaltechnologyhasbecomeakeycomponentofwhatitmeanstofullyparticipateinsociety.Butoneareainparticularthreatenstopreventsomeolderadultsfrommakingconnections:thedigitaldivide.

Asarecentstudyshows,one-thirdofadultsaged65andoldersaythey’veneverusedtheInternet,andhalfdon’thaveInternetaccessathome.OfthosewhodousetheInternet,nearlyhalfsaytheyneedsomeoneelse’shelptosetuporuseanewdigitaldevice.

Incontrasttoconcernsabouttechnologyuseincreasingisolation(孤立；隔离)amongyoungerpopulations,thecommunicationandconnectionpossibleonlinecanbeespeciallyvaluableforolderadultswhoarehomebound,livefarawayfromfamily,orhavelostthelovedones.Olderadultscanuseonlinetoolstoconnectwithfriendsandfamilyviamessagingplatforms,videochat,andsocialmediaeveniftheycannolongerphysicallyvisitthem.Andtheycanengagewiththeoutsideworldthroughnews,blogs,streamingplatforms,andemail,eveniftheyarenolongerabletomoveaboutaseasilyastheyoncecould.

Forolderadultsinparticular,therisksassociatedwithsocialisolationareprofound.Lonelinessamongolderadultshasbeenassociatedwithdepression,functionaldecline,anddeath.Technologycanserveasanimportanttooltohelpreducetheserisks,butonlyifweprovideolderadultswiththeskillstheyneed,tomakeinclusioninthedigitalworldaccessibletothem.

Theimportanceofdigitalinclusionisnotgoingtodisappearwiththegenerationalchangesofthecomingdecades.Technologyiscontinuouslydeveloping,andwitheachnewdigitalinnovationcomechallengesforevenyoungeradultstoadapt.

40．Whatpreventssomeolderadultsfromconnectingwithsociety

41．WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph3indicate

42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

●Enablingolderadultstoaccessthedigitalworldcanhelpthemrecoverfromdepressionandfunctionaldecline.

43．Pleasebrieflypresentyouropinionondigitalinclusion.(about40words)

第二节:书面表达（共一题，20分)

44．假设你是红星中学高二（1）班学生李华，你校将在下周五举办“校园环保日”（CampusGreenLivingDay）系列活动（如做低碳生活主题演讲，学习垃圾分类，进社区宣传等）。请给你班留学生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加你所选择的活动。邮件的内容包括：

1.介绍你选择的活动内容；

2.说明参加该活动的理由；

3.询问是否愿意参加该活动。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

DearJim,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

参考答案：

1．B2．A3．C4．D5．A6．D7．A8．C9．B10．D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是对一切都漠不关心的，因为一次自以为是的发言而受到学生会顾问的严厉批评，从此他的思想有了积极改变。

1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我同意竞选学生会书记员，因为我知道做学生会书记员并不难。A.continued继续；B.agreed同意；C.hesitated犹豫；D.failed失败。根据后文“Whentheelectioncame,I___2___.”可知，我竞选了学生会书记员。故选B项。

2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当选举来临时，我赢了。A.won赢；B.voted选举；C.withdrew收回；D.panicked恐慌。根据下“Indeed,overthewholeyearthatfollowed,theonlythingmynewpositionbroughtwasasenseof___3___,justasIhadhoped.”可知，我当选了书记员。故选A项。

3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，在接下来的一整年里，我的新职位带来的唯一的东西就是一种轻松的感觉，正如我所希望的那样。A.freedom自由；B.achievement成就；C.lightness轻松；D.security安全。根据后文“Isaidthatthecourtclerkdidn’tdoanything;sincetherewasnocourt,itdidn’tmatterwhotheyvotedfor.”可知，因为平时无事可做，所以工作很轻松。故选C项。

4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为我是最不重要的，在学生会中排名最低的职位。A.coolest最酷的；B.hardest最艰难的；C.best最好的；D.lowest最低的。根据前文“IthoughtIwaslastintermsofimportance,”可知，我认为我的职位最低。故选D项。

5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为我很诚实很酷。A.truthful真实的；B.respectful恭敬的；C.smart聪明的；D.humble谦虚的。根前文“Isaidthatthecourtclerkdidn’tdoanything;sincetherewasnocourt,itdidn’tmatterwhotheyvotedfor.”以及空后的“andcool.”可知，因为讲了实话，所以我认为自己很酷也很诚实。故选A项。

6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我离开时，我被愤怒的学生会顾问罗伯特先生拦住了。A.disturbed打扰；B.punished惩罚；C.doubted怀疑；D.stopped停止。根据后文“Hetookmeasideandcriticizedme,usingwhatever___7___wordshecouldthinkof.”可知，我被学生会顾问拦住了。故选D项。

7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把我拉到一边，用他能想到的任何尖锐的话批评我。A.sharp尖锐的；B.abstract抽象的；C.confusing令人困惑的；D.discouraging使人沮丧的。根据空前的“Hetookmeasideandcriticizedme,usingwhatever”以及空后“wordshecouldthinkof.”可知，学生会顾问对我进行了严厉的批评。故选A项。

8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我被迫意识到，我已经得上了漠不关心的疾病以及缺乏自尊的癌症。A.self-control自控；B.self-acceptance自我接受；C.self-respect自尊；D.self-discipline自律。根据后文“ButsincethatdayIhavebeenmuchmoreawareofmystrugglestoberespectfulforpeopleandformyself.”可知，在被学生会顾问批评之前，我对别人是漠不关心的，对于自己也不尊重。故选C项。

9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能说罗伯特先生当场就把我治好了。A.comforted安慰；B.cured治愈；C.impressed使感动；D.inspired鼓励。根据后文“ButsincethatdayIhavebeenmuchmoreawareofmystrugglestoberespectfulforpeopleandformyself.”可知，经过罗伯特先生的严厉批评，我的思想发生了改变，开始了尊重别人也尊重自己。故选B项。

10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mr.Roberge改变了我的人生航向，也许只有几厘米。A.goal目标；B.value价值；C.pace节奏；D.course航向。根据空后的“bymaybeafewcentimeters.”可知，是罗伯特先生改变了我的人生航向。故选D项。

11．planned12．with13．that

【导语】本文为一篇记叙文的节选。这一部分主要描述了对即将到来的假期生活的计划。

11．考查动词时态。句意：随着这学期即将结束，我计划在假期期间做大量的事情。根据句中“as”引导的状语从句的谓语动词“wasdrawing”，并结合句意，此处应用一般过去时。故答案为planned。

12．考查介词和动词短语。句意：首先，我想帮妈妈做些家务。分析句子可知，此处应用介词；动词短语helpsbwithsth意为：帮助某人某事，符合句意。故答案为with。

13．考查定语从句。句意：我也希望看完老师推荐的最厚的那本书。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“thethickestbook”,关系代词在定语从句中作主语；因“book”前有最高级“thickest”修饰，只能用关系代词that。故答案为that。

14．extremely15．what16．gases17．toprotect

【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要说明极热天气在全球正变得越来越普遍，政府呼吁人们减少温室气体的排放，采取措施阻止气候的改变。

14．考查副词。句意：这是一种极度危险的天气条件，在这种天气下，气温远高于平均温度。分析句子可知，此处应为副词，修饰形容词“dangerous”。故填extremely。

15．考查宾语从句。句意：显然，未来夏天有多热取决于人类做什么来阻止气候改变。分析句子可知，“dependson”后跟宾语从句，所以此处应为连接词，在从句中作“do”的宾语，表示做什么事情，用连接代词what。故填what。

16．考查名词。句意：政府呼吁人们减少温室气体-像甲烷和二氧化碳-排放到大气中。分析句子可知，此处应为名词；根据破折号后面列举的甲烷和二氧化碳可知，gas应用复数形式。故填gases。

17．考查非谓语动词。句意：而且，他们也希望建立公共制冷站以保护有风险的人们。分析句子可知，此处应为非谓语动词；根据句意，建立制冷站的目的是保护有风险的人，所以应用动词不定式toprotect，作目的状语。故填toprotect。

18．considered19．havebeenfound20．weighs

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了三星堆遗址。

18．考查非谓语动词。句意：四川省的三星堆遗址被认为是20世纪人类最伟大的发现之一，一直在让世界惊叹。分析句子可知，consider是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语TheSanxingduiRuinssite之间是被动关系，应用过去分词considered表被动，作后置定语。故填considered。

19．考查动词时态语态。句意：自2023年5月以来，在该遗址发现了500多件文物，包括青铜器、黄金和青铜面具等。提示词是谓语动词，与主语morethan500culturalrelics之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“SinceMay,2023”可知，应用现在完成时态，主语是复数名词，助动词用have。故填havebeenfound。

20．考查动词时态语态。句意：它宽37.2厘米，高16.5厘米，重约100克，是古蜀国存在的有力证据。分析句子可知，提示词与is是并列关系，是谓语动词，陈述客观事情，用一般现在时态；weigh表示“重……”，是不及物动词，无被动语态；主语It是单数代词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填weighs。

21．B22．A23．D

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了为了帮助学校合唱筹集资金的一系列行为，以及你可以得到的一些好处和优惠。

21．细节理解题。根据TheLion’sDen部分“Moneyraisedfromsaleswillhelppurchasenewmusic,costumes,andsoundequipmentforthechoir.(销售所得将用于为合唱团购买新的音乐、服装和音响设备)”可知，销售收入会用来帮助学校的合唱团。故选B项。

22．细节理解题。根据UsedBookDonations部分“Foreveryfivebooksdonated,receiveaLionsRewardCoingoodfor25centsoffyournextpurchaseattheLion’sDen.(每捐赠五本书，就可以获得一枚狮子奖励币，下次在狮子窝购买时可获得25美分的奖励)”可知，每捐赠5本用过的书，你就可以得到一个LionsRewardCoin。故选A项。

23．推理判断题。根据文章标题“LakewayMiddleSchoolNowHasItsOwnSchoolStore!”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了为了帮助学校合唱筹集资金的一系列行为，再结合选项，故推测本文应出现在某学校网站上。故选D项。

24．A25．D26．B27．C

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一个名叫WillGladstone的孩子保护加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的故事。

24．细节理解题。由文章第二段“Theblue-footedboobypopulationintheGalapagoshasfallentoathirdofitssizesincethe1960s.ThisfactstayedwithWill,whogrewupbird-watchingwithhisdadaroundtheirhometown.WillhadneverbeentotheGalapagos,norseenablue-footedboobyinperson,butdecidedhewantedtohelpprotectthem.(自20世纪60年代以来，加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的数量已下降到其数量的三分之一。这一事实一直伴随着Will，他和父亲一起在家乡观鸟长大。Will从未去过加拉帕戈斯，也没有亲眼见过蓝脚鲣鸟，但他决定要帮助保护他们。)”可知，加拉帕戈斯蓝脚鲣鸟的数量减少的这件事让Will决定帮助它们。故选A项。

25．细节理解题。由文章第四段“Butbeing“justkids”comeswithitsownstrengths.TheymadeanInstagramaccountforthefoundationandstarteddirect-messagingstars.Willsaysoneoftheirbiggestsupportersishislongtimefavoritehockeyplayer,KevanMiller.(但“只是孩子”有其自身的优势。他们在Instagram上为该基金会注册了帐号，并开始了明星直销。威尔说，他们最大的支持者之一是他长期以来最喜欢的曲棍球运动员凯文·米勒。)”可知，他们注册了该基金会帐号并联系明星来帮助。故选D项。

26．细节理解题。由文章第五段“Theirmoneywasusedforablue-footedboobypopulationsurveyin2023byateamof10researchers.(他们的资金被一个由100名研究人员组成的团队用于2023年的蓝脚鲣鸟数量调查。)”可知，他们筹集的钱被用来对鸟类进行科学研究了。故选B项。

27．推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Thebrothershavewonseveralawardsfortheirwork.Buttheyeachsaythebiggestawardthey'vegotisperseverance.(兄弟俩的工作获得了好几个奖项。但他们都说，他们获得的最大奖项是坚持。)”可知，Will很有决心，故选C项。

28．C29．B30．D31．A

【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要通过的经历论述了大胆勇敢的重要性，并鼓励人们要有勇气和胆量。

28．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ItwasusuallybecauseIhadletfearoffailurestopmefromtryingatall.(这通常是因为我让失败的恐惧阻止了我尝试。)”可知，认为是对失败的恐惧阻止了自己尝试的勇气，由此可知，没能到达目标是因为害怕失败。故选C项。

29．词义猜测题。根据画线句子后的“Andthereisnothingmysteriousaboutthemightyforces.Theyarepotentialpowerswepossess:energy,skill,soundjudgment,creativeideas—evenphysicalstrengthgreaterthanmostofusrealize.(这些强大的力量没有什么神秘之处。它们是我们拥有的潜在力量：精力、技能、正确的判断、创造性的想法——甚至是我们大多数人都没有意识到的身体力量。)”可知，我们大多数人拥有潜在的力量，甚至都没有意识到这种力量的存在，结合选项可知，画线句子表达的意思是“一种超出你自己意识到的力量”，与B选项中的“表现得略高于你的能力”的意思相近。故选B项。

30．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Admittedly,thosemightyforcesarespiritualones.Buttheyaremoreimportantthanphysicalones.(不可否认，这些强大的力量是精神力量。但它们比身体上的更重要。)”可知，精神力量比身体的力量更重要，进而列举了Tim在足球比赛中成功防守的案例来支持这一观点，所以Tim成功防守的关键在于他的精神力量。故选D项。

31．推理判断题。根据尾段“So,alwaystrytolivealittlebitbeyondyourabilities—andyou’llfindyourabilitiesaregreaterthanyoueverdreamed.(所以，总是试着超越你的能力去生活——你会发现你的能力比你想象的要大。)”并结合列举的自己和Tim的在足球比赛中成功防守的例子可知，人们总要去超越能力去生活，人的能力比想象的要大，由此推断，本文的目的是鼓励人们去勇敢地生活，做一个勇敢的人。故选A项。

32．C33．B34．B

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。在很小的时候由于滑冰摔断了手腕，所以对滑冰一直已心存畏惧，在一次抄近路回家，经过一个冰冻池塘，看到了一个在练习滑冰的小女孩，她在经历了无数次的摔倒后，一周后突然腾空而起，这一幕使深受教育，他开始自学滑冰，最后成为了一支获胜冰球队的一员。

32．细节理解题。第一段最后两句“WhenI’dfallenandbrokenmywristduringmysecondlesson,I’ddecidednevertoputoniceskatesagain.（当我在第二节课上摔倒摔断了手腕时，我决定再也不穿溜冰鞋了。）”可知在上滑冰课的第二次就摔断的手腕，他决定再也不穿溜冰鞋了，就是不再学滑冰了，选项C是曾经想放弃学习滑冰，切题，故选C项。

33．推理判断题。根据第二段内容，可知从曾经放弃学习滑冰，到再重新开始学习，是因为看到了小女孩在经历了无数次的摔倒后，一周后突然腾空而起，成功了，池塘上的小女孩鼓励了，选项B是提到池塘上的小女孩是想表明她激励了他，切题，故选B项。

34．细节理解题。最后一段“Itwashardbeingabeginner,……everytimeIwentdown,Ijustpickedmyselfupandstartedoveragain.SoonIwasabletokeepmybalanceandskatemoreconfidently.Injustafewweeks,Iwasactuallyreadytopracticethespeedskating,faststops,andquickturnsneededforicehockey.……Itriedoutandwaschosenforateam.Bytheendoftheseason,Iwaspartofawinningteam.”，（练习时一次次的摔倒，一次次的重新站起来，重新开始，可以看出练习地很艰苦，最后被选进冰球队，成为了一支获胜冰球队的一员，）”成功了，获得了成功，这是艰苦练习的奖励，选项B是的训练是艰苦的，但是有回报的，切题，故选B项。

35．C36．G37．F38．A39．D

【分析】