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MedicalEnglish
--terminology(术语)ZhangFan,AssociateProfessor张帆副教授HainanMedicalUniversity海南医学院1SelfIntroductionBachelordegreeinClinicMedicine,XiangyaMedicalSchool,CSU;MasterdegreeinNutrition,King’sCollegeLondon,UniversityofLondonMDinNutrition,NutritionandHealthInstitute,ChinaCDC2QuestionsWhatdoesMedicalEnglishmeantoyou?Whydowehavetolearnit?WhatarethedifferencesbetweenMedicalEnglishandPublicEnglish?3ThedifficultiesinmedicalEnglishNewwordsLongsentences4bodyarticlesystemsorganstissuescellspartsparagraphssentenceswords51.OriginsofMedicalLanguage6ParkinsondiseasehepatitisSARSposttraumaticstressdisorderarthritisMenierediseasenuclearmedicinescannerAIDSAlzheimerdiseaseosteoporosisExerciseGreekorLatinB.EponymC.AcronymD.modernlanguage7Example2.WordParts8Problem:
medicaltermsaretoolong,whatcanwedo?venofibrosis=veno静脉+fibro纤维+sis状态(化)venography=veno静脉+graphy造影术venosclerosis=veno静脉+sclero硬+sis化venovenostomy=veno静脉+ven静脉+ostomy吻合术92.WordParts10Examplegastroduodenostomy——acommunicationbetweenthestomachandthefirstpartofthesmallintestine.11Examplegastro=胃(stomach)duodenum=十二指肠anastomosis=吻合术gastro+duoden+ostomy=?121)combiningformInthelinguisticsofwordformation,acombiningformisabounddesignedtocombinewithanothercombiningformorafreeword.TherearehundredsofcombiningformsinEnglishandotherEuropeanlanguages.Astraditionallydefined,theycannotstandaloneasfreewords.E.g.,bio-graphy=biography13CombiningvowelInGreekandLatingrammar,combiningbasesusuallyrequireathematicorstem-formingvowel.Avowelusuallyfacilitatesthecombination:inbiography,theGreekthematicvowel-o-,inminiskirt,theLatinthematic-i-.Thisvowelisusuallyregardedasattachedtotheinitialbase(bio-,mini-)ratherthanthefinalbase(-graphy,-skirt).E.g.,auto-analysis,hydro-electricity142)WordFormation1.Whichofthefollowingisacompoundword?urinaryskeletalgastrointestinalcoronaryartery15compoundwordgastrointestinal胃+combiningvowel+肠道+suffix(adj.)162)WordFormation2.Theadjectiveforthorax
胸
is____thoraxicthoracicthoralthorialthoraxial172)WordFormationTheadjectiveforthorax
is
thoracic
18CaseStudyMultipleHealthProblems-SecondarytoInjury19CaseStudy:MultipleHealthProblems
SecondarytoInjuryD.S.,a28-year-oldwoman,wastreatedforinjuriessustainedinatrainderailmentaccident.sustain-v.经受derailment-n.出轨
cognitivederailment-认知错乱20CaseStudy:MultipleHealthProblems
SecondarytoInjuryDuringthecourseofhertreatment,shewasseenbyseveralspecialists专科医师.Forpaininherkneeandhipjoints,shewasreferred转诊
toanorthopedist.Formigraineheadachesandblurry
模糊vision,sheconsultedaneurologist.21CaseStudy:MultipleHealthProblems
SecondarytoInjuryForpainonurination排尿
andoccasionalbloodyurine,shesawaurologist.Later,forapersistentdrycoughandproblemsresultingfromafracturednose,shewasreferredtoanotorhinolaryngologist.Q1.The-ist
inthewordsisa:a.prefixb.rootc.suffixd.combiningforme.conjunction
22CaseStudy:MultipleHealthProblems
SecondarytoInjuryDuringherinitialcourseoftreatment,shehadaCTscanofherabdomen腹部
andbrainandanMRIofherhipandknee.Q2.MRIstandsformagneticresonanceimaging.Thistermrepresentsa(n):a.combiningformb.acronymc.prefixd.suffix23Bothimagingstudiesrequiredhertoliemotionlessonherbackfor45minutes.Q3.Thispositionisreferredtoas:a.supineb.pronec.lateralrecumbentd.lithotomye.TrendelenburgCaseStudy:MultipleHealthProblems
SecondarytoInjury24CaseStudy:MultipleHealthProblems
SecondarytoInjurySeveralmonthsaftertheaccident,D.S.wasstillexperiencingsomediscomfort,andshedecidedtoinvestigatealternativetherapies替代疗法.Shemadeanappointmentwithapractitionerwhospecializedinhomeopathy顺势疗法
andherbalmedicine.25CaseStudy:MultipleHealthProblems
SecondarytoInjuryBeforeherappointment,shebrowsedintheNutra-MedicaShop,whichcarriednutritional
supplements营养补充剂,vitaminandmineralproducts,homeopathicremedies顺势治疗药,andherbalformulas方剂.26CaseStudy:MultipleHealthProblems
SecondarytoInjurySheplannedtoaskthetherapistaboutsomeoftheproductsthatshesawthere,whichincludedremedieswiththetradenamesPneumogen,Arthogesia-Plus,Renovite,Nephrostat,andHematone.Q4.TheproductsRenoviteandNephrostatarenamedfortheiractiononthe:a.lungb.nervesc.liverd.hearte.kidney27PrefixExercise1an aboveect,ex differentend,en large,enlargeheter without,nothom within,innerhyper outer,outhypo belowmeg aroundmicr sameperi small28Commonsuffix29Commonsuffix30TechniquesforlearningmedicaltermsbuiltfromwordpartsAnalyzingDefiningBuilding31AnalyzingDividethetermintowordpartswithverticalslashes:“/”Labeleachwordpartbyusingtheabbreviations:WR,P,S,CVLabelthecombiningforms32Exercise2hypodermic antisepticdyskinesia
periodontitis
Toanalyzethemedicalwords33Exercise2RootRoot+Suffix Prefix+Root+Suffixdermdermic hypodermic sept septic antiseptickineskinesis dyskine
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