人教版八年级英语上册笔记(原创版)

第15页共16页八年级英语上册笔记alwaysalways(总是),usually(通常),often(经常),sometimes(有时),hardly[ever](几乎不),never(从不)频率副词①助动词、be动词、情态动词后，行为动词前②hardly,never为否定副词，句中不需再加no或not③提问常用howoften④均可用现在时、过去时，且always,never还用于将来时Thewomanisverybusy,sosheseldom(难得，很少)watchesTV.Unit1HowoftendoyouexerciseUnit1Howoftendoyouexercisehardhard①困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的(形容词)Thegroundistoohardtodig.②努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地(副词)Theytriedhardtosucceed.hardly=almostnot几乎不，几乎没有There’shardlyanycoffeeleft.=There’salmostnocoffeeleft.sometimessometimes有时(现在、过去)Hewassometimeslateforschool.sometime某时(将来、过去)Hecameheresometimesometime一段时间(各种时态)Hewillstaythereforsometime.sometimes几次，几倍Hecamehomesometimes.everever①曾经(完成时态)Haveyoueverbeenthere?②习惯动作或重复动作(疑问或否定句)Doyouevereatmeat?

Youarehardlyeverathome.③比以往任何时候，曾经(比较时加强语气)Heranfasterthanever.④用于why,when等词后，表惊讶”究竟，到底”Wheneverdidyouleave?forever永远

hardlyever几乎从来不，难得

neverever从不，永不onceaweek一周一次onceaweek一周一次

twiceaweek一周两次

threetimesaweek一周三次[前面中间均不用介词]onceuponatime从前onceuponatime从前

atonce立刻，马上on/atweekends周末

onthe/this/thatweekends(在双方都知道的特定周末)gotothemovies=seeamoive=gotothecinema=watchamovie去看电影gotothemovies=seeamoive=gotothecinema=watchamovie去看电影gotothetheater去看戏

gototheconcert去听音乐会gotoschool/college上(大)学

gotochurch做礼拜looklook(有意识地看，强调动作)看(不及物,接宾语+at)Pleaselookatmyfamilyphoto.see(着重看的结果)看见seethedoctor,seeafilmwatch(仔细、欣赏)观看,(仔细)查看watchaplay/match/showread看书，读报，读(钟表)readabook/newspaper/watchexerciseexercise①运动，锻炼(不及物动词)Heexercisesthreetimesaweek.②运动，锻炼(不可数名词)Youshouldtakeexercise(=dosports)ifwanttohealthy.③练习；操(可数名词)Studentsalwayshavealotofexercisestodo.doeyeexercises做眼保健操

domorningexercises作早操surfsurf在…冲浪(及物动词)；冲浪(不及物动词)Iliketosurfthewaves.

Look,theboyissurfing.surftheinternet=goonline上网

gosurfing去冲浪howlong多久/多长howlong多久/多长(for/about+一段时间

…meterslong)howoften多久一次(often,twiceaweek)howsoon多快/过多久(in+一段时间)howfar多远(tenminutes’walk)howmany多少(数词+可数名词复数)howmuch多少(钱)(数词+量词+不可数名词/数词+钱)goshopping去购物goshopping去购物

goskating去滑冰

gofishing去钓鱼

goboating去划船gosightseeing去观光

dosomereading阅读

dosomewashing洗涮

dosomecooking做饭dosomeswimming游泳

dosomespeaking说话

dosomelistening多听not不not不(副词，后接动词、形容词、副词)no不,没有(形容词，作定语，后接可数名词、不可数名词)(=nota/an/any)Ihavenofriends

Noonecandoit.不许，不可(省略句中)Nosmoking！禁止吸烟

Nophotos!禁止拍照HHereare…倒装句式①主语为代词，全句半倒装结构Hereyouare给你

Herehecomes他来了②主语为名词，全句全倒装结构Hereareyourbooks.

Herecomesthebus.resultresult结果，成绩(可数名词)getgoodresults取得好成绩

listentotheresults听结果theresultsof…结果asforasfor至于，就…而言AsforEnglish,Ilikeitverymuch.Weallcome,butasforhim,hedidn’tcome.aboutabout①大约Sheisabouttwentyyearsold.②在…周围Ilostmypenabouttheclassroom.③关于，对于TheyaretalkingaboutaTVplay.注意on“关于”，用于表示严肃或学术性场合，供专门研究用aspeechonAfricahistorymostmost①多数的，大部分的Mostpeoplethinkso.②最大的，最多的Whogotthemosthelp?③大多数，大部分，大多数人(代词)mostofthe+复数名词Mostofthestudentsliketravelling.mostof+物主代词+名词Hespendsmostofhistimetravelling.mostof+宾格代词Mostofusliketravelling.④非常，很(副词)=veryIt’samostinterestingbook.一般现在时一般现在时①经常发生频率副词always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday,everyweek等②客观真理③心理状态和感觉动词无进行时be,love,like,hate,want,hope,need,prefer,wish,know,understand,remember,feel,believe,guess,think,look,see,hear,find,have,sound,taste等drink喝drink喝(tea,water,milk,cola,beer,wine液体类)eat吃(fruit,vegetables,rice,fish,meet固体类)eat/havesoup喝汤takemedicine喝药have吃，喝(三餐breakfast,lunch,supper,dinner)wantsth想要什么wantsth想要什么wanttodosth想要做什么=feellikedoing=wouldliketodosthwantsbtodosth想要某人做某事注意want侧重主观，need侧重客观需要sthwant/needdoing主动表被动Theflowerswant/needwatering.=Theflowerswant/needtobewatered.begoodfor对…begoodfor对…有益begoodto对…好begoodat擅自…begoodwith和…相处得好Itisagoodhabittodosth做什么是一个好习惯fall/getintothehabitof沾染…习惯formthehabitof养成…习惯outofhabit出于习惯health健康(n)Theoldmanisingoodhealth.health健康(n)Theoldmanisingoodhealth.

keepingoodhealthhealthy健康的(adj)Mygrandmaisveryhealthy.

keephealthy

stayhealthypretty很，相当(adv)Themanisprettyold.pretty很，相当(adv)Themanisprettyold.

Thebookisprettyexpensive.pretty漂亮的，秀丽的(adj)Whataprettygirl!eatinghabits饮食习惯eatinghabits饮食习惯

sleepingpill安眠药

drinkingwater饮用水try(not)todosth努力(不)做某事Itrytoanswerthequestion.try(not)todosth努力(不)做某事Itrytoanswerthequestion.trydoingsth尝试做某事Hetriedswimmingacrosstheriver.tryout试验CanItryoutyournewbicycle?tryon试穿Thedressisverynice.CanItryiton?tryone’sbesttodosth尽最大努力去做某事WeshouldtryourbesttostudyEnglishwell.haveatry尝试一下helpsbtodosthhelpsbdosthhelpsbtodosthhelpsbdosthhelpsbwithsthwithone’shelp=withthehelpofhelponeselfto请随便吃些can’thelpdoingsth禁不住，情不自禁lookafter照看lookat=havealookatlookover检查lookup(在字典中)查找lookforwardto期待，盼望lookaround/about环顾too肯定句，句中前后用逗，句末前用逗号Hehasaknife.Ihaveaknife,too.too肯定句，句中前后用逗，句末前用逗号Hehasaknife.Ihaveaknife,too.also肯定句，实义动词前，系助动词后Sandywasalsoattheparty.either否定句，句末前用逗号Hewon’tgo,either.SayingathingSayingathingisverydifferentfromdoingit.What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?kindof稍微，有点儿Ikindof稍微，有点儿I’mkindoftired我有点累akindof一种allkindsof各种各样的different/manykindsof不同种/许多种类It’sverykindofyoutodothatmaybe大概，或许maybe大概，或许(副词)=perhapsMaybeyouareright.maybe(情态动词+be)Youmayberight.although虽然，尽管although虽然，尽管(从属连词)=though不能与but(并列连词)同时使用，但可与still,yet同时连用Althoughheisold,heisstillhealthy.=Heisold,butheisstillhealthy.注意：because与so不能连用。BecauseA句，B句=A句，soB句keepdoingsth持续做某事keepdoingsth持续做某事(不间断)keepondoingsth反复做某事(短暂间断)keepsb/sth+adj.使某人保持某种状态keepsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止，保护…不受(from)keepupwith赶上

keepashop开商店

keepintouchwith与某保持联系

keepaneyeon照看must必须，应当must必须，应当(否定needn’t或don’thaveto不必)MustIstayhere?—No.Youneedn’t/don’thaveto.mustn’t禁止Youmustn’tdrivesofast.不许开车开得这么快。must必定会,很可能Thisdishmustbedelicious.这道菜肯定好吃WWhat’swrongwithyou?What’sthematter/troublewithyou?What’syourtrouble?What’sup?Unit2WhatUnit2What’sthematter?givesbadviceonsth给某人提有关某某建议takeonegivesbadviceonsth给某人提有关某某建议takeone’sadvice听从某人的建议advisesb(not)todosth建议某人(不)做某事haveabackache背痛=haveasorebackMylegshurts.Myeyesache.Ihaveapaininthearm.seethedoctor==gotothedoctor’seethedoctor==gotothedoctor’sgetback=beback=comeback=returnbelievesb相信某人(的话)believeinsb信任某人believesb相信某人(的话)believeinsb信任某人lie躺；位于—lay—lain—lyinglie说谎—lied—lied—lyingfeel/be/gettired感到疲劳be/feeltiredof对feel/be/gettired感到疲劳be/feeltiredof对…感到厌倦be/feeltiredwith因…劳累Ithinkso.我认为是这样Idon’tthinkso.我认为不是这样类似词：believe,suppose,hope,say等wishsbtodosthwishsbsthwishsbtodosthwishsbsthwishtodowishthat从句(不太可能实现的愿望)hopesohopetodosthhopethat从句(很可能实现的愿望)hopeforsthproblem难以解决难题或问题，与solve、settle搭配problem难以解决难题或问题，与solve、settle搭配question要口头回答的问题，与ask、answer搭配trouble麻烦事，忧虑，与have、make搭配forexample举例说明forexample举例说明(只举一个)Heboughtalotofschoolthings,forexample,notebooks.suchas列举同类中的几个例子=likeHeknowsseverallanguages,suchasEnglish,FrenchandRussian.Itis+adj+for+sb+todosthItis+adj+for+sb+todosth形容词表事情性质、特征：improtant,easy,difficult,hard,necessary等Itis+adj+of+sb+todosth形容词表人的品质、特质：kind,wise,clever,good,right,foolish等everybody/everyone每个人everybody/everyone每个人(谓语用单数，后不能接of)Everybody/everyonelikeschildren.everyone每个人，每件物(后能接of)Everyoneofuslovesthechildren.getstressedout变得紧张，有压力的undergetstressedout变得紧张，有压力的under…stress在压力之下atthemoment=now目前forthemoment暂时atthatmoment在那时atthemoment=now目前forthemoment暂时atthatmoment在那时atthelastmoment在最后关头amomentago刚才justamoment稍等一下foramoment一会儿keepbalance保持平衡ablanceddiet饮食平衡keepbalance保持平衡ablanceddiet饮食平衡abalanceof…的平衡besorrytodosth对做…感到遗憾besorryforsb对某人感到遗憾besorryaboutsth对某事感到遗憾be+V-ing进行时表预计将来要做的事情，跟将来时间be+V-ing进行时表预计将来要做的事情，跟将来时间HeisleavingBeijingtomorrow.他明天离开北京summervacation/holiday暑假wintervacation/holiday寒假takeaholiday/vacation度假forvacation度假(表目的)onvacation度假(表行为进行)holiday休息日，假日=vacationfestival(民俗、宗教或喜庆)日或(音乐、戏剧、电影等)会演节日，前常用冠词afilmfestivaltheSpringFestivalday传统节日或法定节日Teachers’DayUnit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?gocamping去野营gocamping去野营

gohiking去徒步远足

goboating去划船dosomewashing洗衣服

dosomecooking煮饭

dosomeshopping买东西dosomecleaning大扫除

dosomelistening/reading/writing/speaking多听/读/写/说How/WhataboutHow/Whatabout(prep)+sb/sth/doingsth?怎么样；对于…怎么样How/Whataboutyou,Tony?How/Whataboutyourexamlastweek,Kate?How/Whataboutsittinginthegarden?Howlong多长时间持续性谓语动词live,stay,study,work,play,等；for+一段时间Howlong多长时间持续性谓语动词live,stay,study,work,play,等；for+一段时间Howlong多长Howlongistheriver?live长时间居住live长时间居住stay短暂停留HelivesinWuhanbutnowhestaysinBeijing.goaway离开=beaway=getawaygoaway离开=beaway=getawaytakeaway拿走runaway跑开haveagood/rice/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高兴haveagood/rice/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高兴haveagoodtime/havefun(in)doingsth=enjoydoingsth很高兴做某事ssend,give,show,bring,teach,tell+sb+sth=V+sthtosbbuy,sing,make,cook,get+sbforsbMyfatherboughtacomputerforme.Pleasesendittohim.makeaplan制订计划workoutaplan拟订计划makeaplan制订计划workoutaplan拟订计划plantodosth打算做某事planfor为作计划planon(doing)sth指望，打算sendsth发送某物sendsbsth=sendsthtosb把某物寄给某人sendsbtodosth派某人做某事sendback送回，退回sendforsb派人去请某人sendup发射，使价格上升年月周前要用in,星期几号则用on；泛指上午下午需用in,具体日子则用on；午夜黄昏黎明用at年月周前要用in,星期几号则用on；泛指上午下午需用in,具体日子则用on；午夜黄昏黎明用atbefamousfor+著名的原因befamousfor+著名的原因(特产)ChinaisveryfamousfortheGreatWall.YaoMingisfamousforplayingbasketball.befamousas以(身份、职业、产地、地方)而著名YaoMingisfamousasabasketballplayer.decidesthdecidetodosthdecidesthdecidetodosthdecideondoingsth决定做某事decidethat从句thinkabout从各方面思考thinkof想起，考虑thinkover仔细考虑thinkout想出spend+时间/金钱+(in)doingsth花费时间/金钱做某事spend+时间/金钱+onsthspend+时间/金钱+(in)doingsth花费时间/金钱做某事spend+时间/金钱+onsthleavesth地方遗忘某物在某地forgetsth忘带东西forgettodosth忘记要做某事Donforgettodosth忘记要做某事Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.forgetdoingsth忘记做了某事HeforgotgoingtoShanghaiwithhisparentswhenhewasfive.forgetoneself忘我，奋不顾身Forgetit别提它了，别在意forgetful健忘的rentsthfromsb从某人处租用某物rentsthfromsb从某人处租用某物rentsthtosb把某物租给某人V+V-ing作宾语V+V-ing作宾语finishdoingsth完成做某事practisedoingwith练习做某事enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事minddoingsth介意做某事keepdoingsth保持做某事asksbsth问某人某事asksbsth问某人某事asksb(not)todosth问某人某事askforsth请求某事；要某物asksbforsth向某人要某物Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?gettogetarriveinWuhan(名词)gettogetarriveinWuhan(名词)arrivehome,here,there(地点副词)reachreachtakethebus=bybusbysea=byship乘船takethebus=bybusbysea=byship乘船takeataxi乘出租车byrail=bytrain乘火车takethesubway乘地铁onfoot步行taketheplane=byplane=byair乘飞机gotoschoolona/thebus(大型交通工具)gotoschoolina/thecar(小型交通工具)sbspend+sbspend+时间/金钱+onsth/(in)doingsthIspent3hoursonmyhomeworkyesterday.Ittakessb+时间+todosthIttookmefourhourstogotoWuhanbybus.sbpay+金钱+forsthIpaidfiveyuanformyEnglishbook.sthcostsb+金钱MyEnglishbookcostmefiveyuan.stop(市区沿途停靠的)stop(市区沿途停靠的)小站station(停、转车辆的)车站；局，所stoptodosth停下来去做某事stopdoingsth停止正在做的某事frommorningtoevening从早到晚fromdoortodoor挨家挨户frombeginningtoend自始至终fromtimetotime时不时havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinnerhavebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinnerhaveaquick/light/deliciousbreakfast吃了一顿快速/简便/丰盛的早餐quick动作突然迅速、敏捷，强调动作、反应快aquickworkerquick动作突然迅速、敏捷，强调动作、反应快aquickworker

aquickmind

aquickanswerfast速度快afastsleep很快入睡afasttrain/plance快速火车/飞机soon不久，强调时间短，用于将来时ride乘车rideahorse骑马rideabicycle骑自行车rideamotorcycleride乘车rideahorse骑马rideabicycle骑自行车rideamotorcycledrive驾驶车辆driveacar开车drivesheep赶羊partof部分partof部分alargepartof大部分dependon/upondependon/upon取决于；依靠…而定Itdependsontheweather.beillinhospital生病住院asmallnumberof少量的anumberof许多的asmallnumberof少量的anumberof许多的alarge/geatnumberof大量的bedifferentfrom与不同Bananasaredifferentfromoranges.find/knowthedifference找到不同点makea/thedifference有影响；起重要作用makenodifference无关紧要NNotall/everyone/both=…all/everyone/both/always…not(部分否定)并不是所有Notalltheanswersareright=Alltheanswersaren’tright.speakto/withsb对/同某人说话speakto/withsb对/同某人说话(能力)speakChinese讲中文saytosbsth(强调说话内容)talkto/withsb(强调动作)talkaboutsb/sth谈论某人/某事tellsbsth(双宾)tellastory/lie讲故事tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事tellAfromB区分Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?Yes,I’Yes,I’dloveto./I’dliketo.接受邀请肯定回答Yes,It’sverynice/kindofyou.Thatsoundsgreat.ThatsoundslikefunI’mhappy/gladto…Wouldyouliketo…向别人发出邀请、征求意见What/Howabout…ShallI(we)…MayIinviteyouto…II’dlove/liketo,but…否定婉拒回答Maybesomeother/anothertime.I’msorryIcan’t.Ihaveto…I’mafraidIcan’tI’mafraidnot.sure当然可以=certainly=yessure当然可以=certainly=yes(口语肯定回答)MayIuseyoupen?--Sure.besuretodo务必，千万(祈使句)Besuretogiveitbackintime.sbbesuretodo某人一定会做He’ssuretocome.sbbesureof/about一定，肯定Heissureofsuccess=Heissurethathewillsucceed.sbbesurethat从句肯定，有把握I’msurewhoheis.expect,hope,wish,prefer,want,try等词后动词不定式省略时不能省略toexpect,hope,wish,prefer,want,try等词后动词不定式省略时不能省略toIhaven’tbeentoHongKong,butIwishto(gothere).havetohaveto(客观上)不得不(否定don’thaveto)It’sraining.Ihavetostayathome.must(主观意愿)不得不(否定don’thaveto,needn’t)Youmustdoyourhomeworkfirst.[mustnot禁止]have/takeapianoclass上一节钢琴课havehistorylessons上历史课have/takeapianoclass上一节钢琴课havehistorylessons上历史课teach/givesbalesson给某人一个教训learnone’slesson吸取教训thanksfor因而感谢Thanksforhelpingmethanksfor因而感谢Thanksforhelpingmethanksto多亏；由于(=becauseof)Thankstoyourhelp,wefinishedit.babysitbabysithissister临时照看他妹妹invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事invitesbtosomewhere邀请某人去某地callonsb拜访某人Yesterdaycallonsb拜访某人YesterdayIcalledhim.callatsomewhere拜访某地HecalledathisChineseteacher’shouse.call/ringsb(up)phone/telephonesbgivesbacall/ring给某人打电话call/ringsb(up)phone/telephonesbgivesbacall/ring给某人打电话visitsb拜访某人visitsb拜访某人visitsw拜访某地beonavisittopayavisittogivesbavisitnextweek下一周nextweek下一周(以现在为起点)thedayaftertomorrow后天thenextweek第二周(以某一特定时间为起点)next,this,last,every,each,any,all等与时间词连用时前面不加介词next,this,last,every,each,any,all等与时间词连用时前面不加介词Wemetlastweek.keepquiet保持安静keepopen开着keephealth保持健康keepquiet保持安静keepopen开着keephealth保持健康keepsth保存某物；保管\、借用某物HowlongcanIkeepthebook?keep名词/代词adjKeepthedooropen,please.keep(sb)doingsth使(某人)持续做某事Don’tkeepsomeonewaitingsolong.afootballafootballmatch一场足球比赛aboxofmatch一盒火柴Matchwordswiththepictures把词和图片搭配起来allmylife=thewholelifealltheday=thewholeday整天allmylife=thewholelifealltheday=thewholeday整天allofthestudents=thewholeofthestudentscomeoverto顺便拜访=callon=dropin；走过来Theywillcomeovertomyhomeforeoverto顺便拜访=callon=dropin；走过来Theywillcomeovertomyhomefordinner.Hecameovertomeandshookmyhand.discusssth/todosth/宾语从句Letdiscusssth/todosth/宾语从句Let’sdiscussthematter.discusssthwithsb与某人商讨某事haveadiscussionaboutsth对某事进行讨论heavy胖的；笨重的heavy胖的；笨重的—heavier—heaviest

thin瘦的—thinner--thinestheavyrain/snow/smoke大雨/雪/浓烟aserious/badillness一场大病

astrongwind一场大风heavysmoker/drinker/eater烟瘾/酒瘾/食量大的人lightrain小雨haveaheavycold重感冒heavy/busytraffic交通拥挤Unit6IUnit6I’mmoreoutgoingthananysister.inthis/theway用这种方法；挡道bytheway顺便说一下inthis/theway用这种方法；挡道bytheway顺便说一下onthe/one’swayto在去…路上insomeways在某些方面calm(人)镇静的still(物理上安静状态)静止的quiet(没有吵闹、骚乱)静止的;(人娴静、文静)安静的silent(人不发出声音或不说话)沉默的；无言的beseriousabout对beseriousabout对…认真bestrictwithsb对某人严格bestrictinsth对某事严格bothboth①代词Botharestudents.②Bothofthe/物主代词+复数名词Bothofherchildrenarestudents.Bothof宾格代词Bothofusareteachers.③形容词Boththeseroomsareempty.④BothAandB两个都注意：all指三者以上morethanone+单数名词不止一个morethanone+单数名词不止一个(谓语单数)Morethanoneboyknowshowtoplaythegame.more+复数名词thanone+谓语复数Morestudentsthanonewereabsent.morethan超过；多于(=over)Hisfatherismorethan/overfifty.(notmorethan不多于)morethan不仅Sheismorethanateacher.nomorethan仅仅Therearenomorethantenticketsleft.more…than比…多Therearemoreboysthangirlsinourclass.incommon共同之处incommon共同之处incommonwith与…共有，共同havesomethingincommon有共同之处havenothingincommon没有共同之处commonknowledge常识commonsense常识；常理acommonsaying俗话acommonwish一个共同的愿望as+adj./adv.+asas+adj./adv.+as名词/代词/句子Heworksashardasbefore.notas/so+adj./adv.+as名词/代词/句子HisEnglishisnotas/sogoodasmine.much,far,even,alittle,alot,abit等修饰比较级，而very,too,so,rather,quite只能修饰原级much,far,even,alittle,alot,abit等修饰比较级，而very,too,so,rather,quite只能修饰原级

She’salittlemoreoutgoingthanme.她比我更开朗一些Sheisfarsmarterthanbefore.Heisalittletallerthanyou.morethanmore越来越Moreandmorecountriesbegintosavethefinancialcrisis.morethanmore越来越Moreandmorecountriesbegintosavethefinancialcrisis.The+比较级，the+比较级越…，就越…Theharderyoustudy,thebettergradesyouwillget.the+比较级of+thetwo…Lucyisthetallerofthetwins.make/have/let/keep使役动词+宾语+省to不定式/形容词/名词make/have/let/keep使役动词+宾语+省to不定式/形容词/名词(作宾语)Thebossmadethemworkforlongtime.Whathesaidmakesushappy.WemadeJohnourmonitor.be/feel/get/becomeinterestedin对be/feel/get/becomeinterestedin对…感兴趣take/show/haveaninterestin对…有兴趣loseaninterestin对…失去兴趣find(no)interestin发觉对(…没)有兴趣aplaceofgreatinterest风景名胜careaboutsth关心；在意careforsb/sth喜欢，想要takecare=lookout当心，小心takecareof照顾withcare小心，慎重and与or用法and与or用法Ican’tsingordance我不会唱歌跳舞LilyandLucycan’tspeakChinese.莉莉和露西都不会说汉语Manwilldiewithoutairorwater.没有空气和水人就不能生存Thereisnowaterandnoaironthemoon.月球上没有空气和水begoodwith(to)sb善待某人begoodwith(to)sb善待某人begoodatsth擅长于begoodfor有益于primaryschool小学bytheway顺便说一下bedifferentfrom与primaryschool小学bytheway顺便说一下bedifferentfrom与…不同it替代上文提到同一个事物it替代上文提到同一个事物(复数用they)Thereisabookonthetable,anditismine.that代替上文提到同一名称事物(复数用those)TheweatherinWuhanishotterthanthatinYueyang.one泛指上文提到同一类事物(复数用ones)Thisbikeischeaperthanthatone.begintodosth=begindoingsth开始做某事begintodosth=begindoingsth开始做某事只能用begintodosth情形①SthbegintodosthTheicebegantomelt.②bebeginningtodosthHeisjustbeginningtowritetheletter.③beginto+想法、感情动词Shebegantounderstandit.beginwith=startwith以…开始can/could/beabletocan/could/beabletoafford承担得起；买得起(vt.)Wecanaffordthenewhouse.affordto负担得起(vi.)Wecan’taffordtogoabroadthissummer.afford提供，给予(vt.)Treesaffordsomeshelterfromthesun.turnon打开turnoff关闭turnout关，熄灭turnup旋大turndown旋小turnon打开turnoff关闭turnout关，熄灭turnup旋大turndown旋小turnin上交turninto使成为，翻译成turnagainst反对turnover翻转cutup切碎cutdown砍倒cutoff中断，切掉cutup切碎cutdown砍倒cutoff中断，切掉cutsthinhalves/two将某物对半切开have/getone’shaircut某人剪头发pourout倒出pourpourout倒出pour…into/in把…倒进…里put…into把…放进…里；把…变成putaway把…收起来；整理好puton穿上putoff推迟，延期putout熄灭putdown放下；记下putup挂起，举起cupcup(玻璃以外原料制成)杯子；奖杯acupoftea一杯茶theWorldCup世界杯winthecup优胜杯glass(玻璃制成)杯子aglassofmilk一杯牛奶mixup混合；混淆；弄乱Donmixup混合；混淆；弄乱Don’tmixupthosepiecesofpaper.mix…with把…和…混合Mixthisoilwiththepaintandstirwell.addadd…to…把…加到…上addsomewoodtothestoveaddtosth增加某事物addtoourdifficultiesaddup加起来Addup3,4and5andyou'llget12.adduptosth总计，共达Thenumberaddupto100.Unit7Howdoyoumakeabananasmilkshake?Unit7Howdoyoumakeabananasmilkshake?atthetopof在atthetopof在…顶端，在…最上方(范围内，点上)Hisnameisatthetopofthelist.高居榜首ontopof在…顶上，在…上方(范围外)ThereisaTVtowerontopofthehill.onthetopof在…上面(面上)Thereisabirdonthetopofthehouse.arecipefor一份arecipefor一份…的食谱arecipeformakingsalad制作沙拉的食谱asliceof一片intheyard在院子里takephotos照相inmyopinion就我看来；按我的观点checksth检查某物checksth检查某物checkin登记；签到checkup核对checklist核对清单Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?Unit8Howwasyourschooltrip?hanghang—hung—hung逗留；悬挂hang—hanged—hanged绞死；吊死hangout逗留；与某人在一起hangabout=hangabout闲逛hangup挂断电话hangon不挂断winsth赢得比赛、战斗、奖品、名次等winaprize/game/match/honor/battle/schoolshipwinsth赢得比赛、战斗、奖品、名次等winaprize/game/match/honor/battle/schoolshipbeatsb战胜对方beatateam/anation/anopponentjourney长途陆路trip短途短期tour观光游玩travel时长路远foreigntraveljourney长途陆路trip短途短期tour观光游玩travel时长路远foreigntravelbuysbsth=buysthforsbbuysthfromsbbuysbsth=buysthforsbbuysthfromsbsellsbsth=sellsthtosbsleeplate睡过头；起得晚sleepwell睡得香sleeplate睡过头；起得晚sleepwell睡得香sleepbadly睡得不好gotosleep去睡觉attheendof在…最后；在…末端bytheendof到…为止intheend=finally最后onnextdayoff下一个休息日onlastdayoff上一个休息日onnextdayoff下一个休息日onlastdayoff上一个休息日goforawalk去散步goforaswim去游泳goforaride去骑马(车)goforawalk去散步goforaswim去游泳goforaride去骑马(车)goforadoctor去请医生goforapicnic去野餐soundsound(听起来)/feel(摸起来)/taste(尝起来)/look(看起来)/smell(闻起来)+adj.Thatsoundsfun.sound(听起来)/feel(摸起来)/taste(尝起来)/look(看起来)/smell(闻起来)+like+n.Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.V-ing形容词V-ing形容词：表事物性质、特质，“令人…,”“让人…”，物作主语或作定语修饰物exciting/interesting/moving/surprising/pleasing/frighteningThestoryisboring.V-ed形容词：形容人，表示“感到…的”，“使人…的”。主语为人excited/interested/moved/surprised/pleased/frightenedI’mboredwiththebook.havefundoingsth=enjoydoingsth=haveagoodtime(in)doingsth有趣做havefundoingsth=enjoydoingsth=haveagoodtime(in)doingsth有趣做…fun玩笑，娱乐(不可数名词)；有趣的(形容词)funny滑稽的(形容词)WWhoisit?是谁？(it用来指代双方心目中都明白但仍未弄明白的人或物)--It’sme.是我。lucky幸运的aluckydog幸运儿aluckyguess侥幸猜中aluckyday幸运日Luckyyou真幸运lucky幸运的aluckydog幸运儿aluckyguess侥幸猜中aluckyday幸运日Luckyyou真幸运luckily幸运地luck幸运Goodlucktoyou!Unit9Whenwasheborn？Unit9Whenwasheborn？bebornin出生于bebornin出生于(地点、时间)HewasborninEnglandin1995.bebornon出生于(具体某一天)HewasbornonMay4,1995.bebornof出身于(家庭)Hewasbornofapoorfamily.begin=start开始begin=start开始以下几种情况只能用start①创办，开设Hestartedanewshoplastyear.②机器开动Canyoustartthecar?③出发，动身Wemuststartearly.tootoo…to太…而不能Heistooyoungtogotoschool.so…that如此…以致于Heissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool.=Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.(主从句主语同一)Theboxissolightthatthechildcanliftit.=Theboxislightenoughforthechildtoliftit.(主从句主不同)becomebecomeadoctor=turndoctor(接职业名词)become身体、职位变化，作瞬间动词时指状态变化becomeacomputerengineer.get多接比较级，指人的感情、身体状况、自然或社会变化Hishealthisgettingbetter.turn颜色或性质等变化Treesturnyellowinautumn.grow渐渐变成为，生长性变化Myfatherisgrowingold.go进入不好的状态gobad变坏come进入好的状态cometrue实现called=named被叫做IhaveafriendcalledJim.called=named被叫做IhaveafriendcalledJim.callsbname喊某人的名字callsbnames骂人callonsb拜访某人calloff叫走callin召集，来访callout出动playplay…for为效力inone’sfree/sparetime某人空余时间loving慈爱的loving慈爱的(长辈)；真挚的Sheisakindandlovingmother.lovely可爱的(儿童)；迷人的Doyouknowthelovelygirl?seesbdosth看见某人做某事seesbdosth看见某人做某事(强调全过程或习惯性)Ioftenseehimwalkinthepark.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事(表动作正在进行)Isawhimwalkinginthepark.注意：一感(feel)，二听(listento,hear)，三让(have,make,let)，四看(see,observe,notice,watch)cchampion冠军(与get搭配)Shebecameaskatingchampionattheageof10.championship冠军赛(即比赛)wonthechampionshiptheWorldWomen'sVolleyballChampionships世界女子排球锦标赛bewell-knownfor=befamousfor因bewell-knownfor=befamousfor因…而著名(众所周知)Heisfamous/well-knownforthatnovel.bewell-knownas(接身份)作为…知名，被称作是…Hermotheriswell-knownasamodelteacher.join+党派、团体、组织/us/themWouldyouliketojoinus?join+党派、团体、组织/us/themWouldyouliketojoinus?joinsbin+活动Hejoinedusinthegame.takepartin+会议/群众性活动Itookpartinthesportsmeetingyesterday.TTheonly/last/next/序数词/最高级+名词todoHeisthefirstboytogettoschooleveryday.Heistheonlystudenttoanswerthequestioncorrectlyinhisclass.alive活着的，在世的alive活着的，在世的(表语形容词，常作表语或补语,作表语=living)I’mafraidheisnolongeralive.Thekinddecidedtokeephimalive.living活着的(可作表语或定语)Therearenolivingthingsontheroom.Isyourgrandfatherstillliving?live活的，活生生的(主用于动物，一般只作定语)；实况直播的Alivefishisswimminginthewater.ThereisgoingtobealiveprogramofNBAtonight.lively活泼的，有生气的(可作定语、表语)Sheisalivelygirl.以a开头的表语形容词(awake,asleep,afraid等)作定语时要后置以a开头的表语形容词(awake,asleep,afraid等)作定语时要后置Heisawake.Theboyawakeishisson.people人们(集体名词，表复数概念)people人们(集体名词，表复数概念)apeople一个民族(普通名词)peoples多个民族majorin主攻(动词)MybrothermajorsinEnglish.major主修课程(名词)Mymajorismanagement.major主要的(形容词)Thisisamajorroad.because+句子because+句子(连词)Becauseheisill,heisn’theretoday.becauseof+名词/代词/动名词(介词短语)Becauseofhisillness,heisn’theretoday.begoingtodosth打算、计划Ibegoingtodosth打算、计划I’mgoingtostudyinAmerica(nextmonth).willdosth未预先思考、单纯将来事实(不与具体时间连用)I’lltellherthenewsassoonasIseeher.growup成长；长大；生