河南省平顶山市郏县2023年考研《英语一》押题密卷含解析

河南省平顶山市郏县2023年考研《英语一》押题密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Wheneverwehearabout"thehomeless",mostofusthinkofthedevelopingworld.Butthe1isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa2countrylikeGermany?KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking3forthehomelessofBerlin,Germany'scapital.Theyfirst4onelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere5onholiday.KurtMullerandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,6atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodandclothingweren't7.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand8,”saysRita.TheMullersdidn’t9togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Rita10therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways11toanyonewhocouldn’tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon12alltheirtimeandmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniesto13donations.Today,overthirtycompanies14donatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto15themtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer16newshoes.KurtandRitareceiveno17fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents,”saysRita,“andparentsshouldn’t18moneyforhelpingtheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets19.Shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea20intheworld.1、A．result B．truth C．reason D．idea2、A．traditional B．developing C．typical D．wealthy3、A．preparations B．houses C．meals D．suggestions4、A．began B．met C．called D．left5、A．asleep B．alone C．across D．away6、A．broughtup B．setup C．putaside D．gaveaway7、A．enough B．necessary C．helpful D．expensive8、A．fame B．freedom C．courage D．caring9、A．hesitate B．agree C．pretend D．intend10、A．madesense B．foundout C．madesure D．workedout11、A．open B．crowded C．noisy D．near12、A．costing B．wasting C．taking D．spending13、A．payfor B．askfor C．lookinto D．carryout14、A．completely B．calmly C．regularly D．roughly15、A．advertise B．sell C．deliver D．lend16、A．donates B．produces C．designs D．collects17、A．permission B．payment C．direction D．support18、A．borrow B．raise C．save D．expect19、A．surprised B．excited C．tired D．amused20、A．profit B．difference C．decision D．ruleSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1InthislistIchoseinspirationalyoungpeoplewhohavemadeapositivedifferenceintheworld.JoanofArc(1412〜1431)Agedjust16,JoanofArcmadeanunlikelyjourneytotheDauphinofFrance.Impressedwithsomethinginsidethisyoungpeasantgirl,theDauphinofFrancewasinspiredtorenewthefightwiththeEnglish,defeatingthematOrleans—asJoanhadpredicted.Shewasburntatthestake,agedjust19,butherpredictionsofFrancegainingherfreedomprovedcorrect.AnneFrank(1929〜1945)WhilehidingintheNetherlandsduringtheNazioccupation,AnneFrankkeptadiaryofherexperiences.ShediedinBergen-Belsenconcentrationcampin1945.However,aftertheendofthewar,herdiarieswerepublishedbyherfather.TheDiaryofAnneFrankbecameaninternationalbest-sellerandhelpedgiveayoungperson’sviewontheholocaust(大屠杀)statistics.SamanthaSmith(1972〜1985)SamanthawasanAmericanschoolgirl.In1982,shewrotealettertotheleaderoftheSovietUnion,YuriAndropov,askingwhyrelationsbetweentheUSandtheSovietUnionweresotense.Herletterwaspublished,andlaterAndropovreplied.SmithwasalsoinvitedtovisittheSovietUnion,whichshedid.Thevisitwasfollowedwithgreatinterestbytheinternationalmedia.In1983,shevisitedJapanactingasAmerica’syoungestambassador.Shedied,agedjust13,inaplanecrash.NkosiJohnson(1989〜2001)NkosiwasbornwithHIVinheritedfromhisparents.In1997,hewasrefusedadmissiontoapublicschoolbecauseofHIVstatus.HebecameapowerfulspeakerfortreatingHIVvictimswithequalityandrespect.HereceivedtheChildren’sPeacePrizeafterdeath,NelsonMandelareferredtohimas“anicon(偶像)ofthestruggleforlife”.1、JoanofArcisfamousasa.A．foottraveler B．nationalheroineC．farmer’sdaughter D．socialreformer2、WhatmadeAnneFrankknownaroundtheworld?A．Herhidingexperiences. B．Herdeathinconcentrationcamp.C．Thupublicationofherdiaries. D．TheendofWorldWarⅡ.3、WhomadeagreatdifferenceintreatingAIDSpatients?A．JoanofArc. B．AnneFrank.C．SamanthaSmith. D．NkosiJohnson.4、Whatcanweconcludefromthepeoplementionedinthetext?A．Theyhavegoodeducation.B．Theylosetheirlivesforpeace.C．Theyvaluepersonalinfluence.D．Theyinfluencetheworldinapositiveway.Text2Bornin1995orlater,alotofGenZ-ersareenteringintoadulthoodandwillsoonjointheworkforce.HavinggrownupwiththeInternet,theyaresaidtobe“tech-savvy”andmadaboutsocialmedia.Theyliveinamoretolerantearwhengaymarriageisbeinglegalizedinmoreandmoresocieties.Butthey’vealsowitnessedtheriseofglobalterrorism.MostpeoplewillagreethatthesinglebiggestdifferencebetweenGenZandothergenerationsishowconnectedtheyare.Thisisagroupofpeoplewhowerehookeduptosocialmediaassoonastheywereborn.SocialmediahavechangedthewayGenZ-ersinteractwitheachotherandhowtheygetandprocessinformation.“Wearethefirsttruedigitalnatives,”HannahPayne,an18-year-oldUCLAstudentandlifestyleblogger,wasquotedbyTheNewYorkTimesassaying.“Icanalmostatthesameinstantcreateadocument,editit,postaphotoonInstagramandtalkonthephone,allfrotheuser-friendlyinterfaceofmyiPhone.”“GenZtakesininformationinstantaneously,”sheadded,“andlosesinterestjustasfast.”GenZ-ersmayhaveashorterattentionspanthanagoldfish,buttheyareconscientious(认真尽责的)andcivic-minded(有公德心的).Theyareenteredtheiradulthood,accompaniedbytheeconomicdownturnandglobalterrorismandtheyhavetheireyesopenfromtheverybeginning.TheGuardianalsonotesthatyoungpeopleintheUKarebecomingmoreactiveinpolitics.AccordingtoaBritishElectionStudythatiscitedbythenewspaper,anestimated58percentof18-to-24-year-oldvotedinthe2015generalelectionintheUK,asignificantjumpfromthe2percentturnoutamongthesameagegroupin2005.Votingisjustonewayofmakingone’svoiceheard.TheEuropeanCommissionhasfoundthat“youngpeopleregardvotingasoneoptionamongmany,andtheyshowtheirpoliticalengagementinmanydifferent,issue-specificwaysthatcanpotentiallyinfluencepoliciesmoredirectly”.1、Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat__________.A．GenZhasbecomeamainstreamofthesocietyB．itisstillunacceptableforgaystogetmarriedinsomesocietiesC．globalterrorismoccurslessoftenthanbeforeD．InternetandintelligentmobilephoneshavedominatedGenZ’slife2、WhichofthefollowingcannotcharacterizeGenZ-ers?A．TheyarehighlyconnectedbymeansofsocialmediaB．TheyanaccessandprocessinformationinamoreadvancedwayC．TheyaregoingthroughanagefreefromcareandworryD．Theyholdnolastinginterestinthings3、HowdoesGenZobtaininformationaccordingtoHannahPayne?A．DirectlyB．SurprisinglyC．ConvenientlyD．Independently4、Whatcanweconcludefromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．There’sasignificantdropofyoungvoters’engagementingeneralelectioninUKin2015B．TheyounggenerationisgettingmoreandmoreactiveinrunningforgovernorsC．YoungpeoplewilldirectlydecidepolicymakingD．VotinginpoliticalelectionscanhelpyoungpeopleexpresstheirstandpointText3WhenCarsonPalmer,aprofessionalAmericanfootballplayer,hurthisarmafewyearsago,hetookaweekofffromthrowingthefootball.Butinhishead,Palmerpracticedeveryday.Thefollowingweekend,Palmerhadthebestgameofhislife.Formorethanacentury,scientistshavebeentryingtounderstandhowthismentaltrainingworks.Inthe1930s,researchersprovedbyexperimentthatwhenyou'reimagininganaction,yourbrainsendssignalstoyourmuscles(肌肉)whicharetooweaktotightenthemusclesbutmighthelptrainthebodytoperform.Inotherwords,mentalpracticemightcreateapatterninyourhead,likeaninnerhow-toguideforaparticularskill.Sportspsychologistshaveconductedhundredsofstudiescomparingimaginedandphysicalpracticeforactions.Onthewhole,theresearchshowsthatmentaltrainingworks.A2012study,forexample,compared32amateurgolferswhopracticedhittingtheballstoanother32whomerelyheldagolfclubintheirhandsandvisualized（想象）theirswings.Underthesametrainingrules,bothgroupsimprovedtheirskillsbygettingtheballabout4inchesclosertothehole.Visualizationhasadvantagesovertherealthing:Youcandoitanywhere,evenwheninjured.Itissafe-amajorplusforhigh-riskperformerssuchasgymnastsandsurgeons.Andyoucanpracticeforlongerperiodsoftimebecauseyou'renotrestrictedbyphysicaltiredness,That’snottosayit'seasy,we'vehadOlympic-levelathletessittinginourlab,visualizingthemovementsfortwohours,"saysTadhgMacintyre,asportspsychologistattheUniversityofLimerickinIreland.“Whenwe'redone,they’reabsolutelytired.”Itdoesn’tworkforeveryone,though."Ifyou'reanovice,theeffectcanbeharmful,”warnsMacintyre.Ifyou'retryingtovisualizeafreethrow,andyoudon'tevenknowthepropermovement,thenyou'reprobablygoingtomentallypracticethewrongskill.”1、Theauthorintroducesthetopicofthetextby______.A．givinganexampleB．presentinganargumentC．explainingaphenomenonD．makinganassumption2、Whathappenswhenoneisvisualizinganaction?A．Aspecialskillisquicklyacquired.B．AcertainmodelisformedintheheadC．Themusclesgrowincreasinglytense.D．Thebrainsendsstrongmessagestothebody.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"novice"inthelastparagraphmean?A．CoachB．SpecialistC．BeginnerD．Judge4、Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Athletesarelikelytowingamesthroughimaginedpractice.B．Practicingashillproperlyinmindcanproduceintendedeffect.C．Practicewhethermentalorphysicalhaitsowncharacteristics.D．Scientistshavefoundasalewayforathletestopracticetheirskills.Text4Stepinachasbecomeoneofthefirsthighschoolsinthecountrytodropalltextbooksandreplacethemwitha“digitallibrary”.WhenstudentsstartedclassesonMonday,theywerezippingtoanappontheirtabletsorlaptopsandbadinstantaccesstoall40textsintheStepinaccurriculum(课程).DennisLauro,directorofaninformationcenterwhichprovidestechnicalsupporttopublicschoolsinNewYork,saidneitherhenorhiscolleagueswereawareofasimilardigitaleffortinapublicschoolsetting.“Thisisthewaveofthefuture.”Laurosaid.“I’mnotsurprisedthataprivateschoolwouldbeatthepublicschoolstoit.Theyhavetheabilitytojustdoit.Thereissomuchpoliticsinvolvedinpublicschools,whenitcomestoamovelikethat,needingapprovalfromboardsandcommittees.”ForTomCollins,Stepinac’spresident,thecommitmenttodigitalsourcematerialwasnotsodifficultadecision.Inthepast,students’familieshadtospendupto$700ayearontextbooks.Thisyear—aftertheone-timepurchaseofatabletorlaptop—familiesonlyneedtopay$150.Usingthedigitallibraryisalmostaseasyasopeninganewbook.AstudentcaninstantlylapintoadigitalbookandopenamapofEgyptoraspeechbyPresidentJohnF.Kennedy.Ateachercanshowapagefromadigitalbookonawhiteboardatthefrontoftheclassorsendstudentsalinktoaparticularmathproblemwithnotesaddedin.Thefirstfewweeksmaybringsomechallenges.Stepinacofficialsexpectsomeparentaldiscomfortoverdroppingconcretebooks.Theyrecognizetheremaybetechnicalfaultsatfirst.Andtheywillhavetoencouragestudentstoleavespace-eatingphotosandmusicofftheirtablets—andtokeeptheirtabletscharged.1、WhatisgoingoninStepinac?A．It’sbuildinganewlibrary.B．It’sreformingitstextbooks.C．It’supdatingitsdigitalresources.D．It’schangingitsmanagementpattern.2、Bysayingtheunderlinedsentence.Laurobelieves.A．publicschoolsfacegreatchallengesB．privateschoolshavetheiradvantagesC．theeffortistocauseinstantchangesD．it’satrendforschoolstogodigital3、WhomayworryaboutthemoveinStepinac?A．Officials. B．Technicians. C．Parents. D．Teachers.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MyTravelExperienceinChinaDuringthesummerholidaysIvisitedavarietyofregionsinChinaMyfirststopwasBeijingandofcoursetheGreatWallWithoutquestionitliveduptomy1．(expect)Afteralongjourney,IreachedYunnanWith2．(it)minorityvillagesandImpressivelandscapes,YunnanhadalottoofferOneofmy3．(enjoy)momentsinYunnanwasduringmyvisittoTheTigerLeapingGorgeTheclimboverthegorgewasattimesexhausting4．alwaysbreathtakingTheviewscouldn’t5．(imagine)intheirbeautyandthey6．(leave)mewithmanygreatmemoriesAftertakingaboatfromthemainlandIarrivedat7．islandprovinceofHainanThereIvisitedBaihuaWaterfall8．(float)onapoolofwateratthebaseandlookingupatthewaterfallwithabackgroundofblueskywasoneofthemostrelaxingexperiencesofmylifeThroughoutChinatherearemanyancientbuildingsandinparticularancienttownsLijiangandDalibothhaveglorious9．(example)ofthisItwasremarkabletostepbackintimeandgetanideaof10．ChinamighthavelookedlikeallthoseyearsagoIthoughtthebuildingswerebeautifulandfullofhistoryIhadawonderfultime!Chinaisbothfascinatingandbeautiful!语法填空Peopleoftenhavetrouble___1．____(get)usedtoanewculturebecausetheyneedalongtimetoadapttoitTheyareusuallycurious___2．___theyfirstarriveinaforeigncountryandsometimestheymaygetconfusedaboutwhattodoHowever,iftheystayfor__3．__longtime,theymaystarttofeeldifferent__4．__(stage)ofcultureshockTheycanfeellonelyorsadbecausetheycan’tdealwiththelocalpeopleHow___5．__(quick)peoplegetusedtoculturedifferencesmaydependonthewaythey__6．____(learn)That’saproblemiftheycan’tspeakthelanguageSothefirstimportantthingistolearntospeakthelocallanguageOn__7．__otherhand,somecanstudythesituationandmakegoodguessesaboutthecultureWhentheyfinallybegin___8．__(understand)someofthelanguageandmakesomenew___9．___(friend),theywillgraduallyenjoythemselvesandfeel___10．____(comfort)ThentheycanliveaneasylifeinacompletelynewcultureSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)1、Weachieveitactivelybydirectexperience,bytestingandprovinganidea,orbyreasoning.Weachieveknowledgepassivelybybeingtoldbysomeoneelse.MostofthelearningthattakesplaceintheclassroomandthekindthathappenswhenwewatchTVorreadnewspapersormagazinesispassive.Conditionedaswearetopassivelearning,it’snotsurprisingthatwedependonitinoureverydaycommunicationwithfriendsandco-workers.2、Itmakesustendtoacceptwhatwearetoldevenwhenitislittlemorethanhearsayandrumor.DidyoueverplaythegameRumor?Itbeginswhenonepersonwritesdownamessagebutdoesn’tshowittoanyone.Thenthepersonwhispersit,wordforword,toanotherperson.Thatperson,inturn,whispersittostillanother,andsoon,throughallthepeopleplayingthegame.Thelastpersonwritesdownthemessagewordforwordasheorshehearsit.Thenthetwowrittenstatementsarecompared.3、4、Thesimplefactthatpeoplerepeatastoryintheirownwordschangesthestory.Then,too,mostpeoplelistenimperfectly.Andmanyenjoyaddingtheirowncreativetouchtoastory,tryingtoimproveonit,stampingitwiththeirownpersonalstyle.Yetthosewhohearitthinktheyknow.5、Astatementofopinionbyonewritermayberestatedasafactbyanother,whomayinturnbequotedbyyetanother;andthisprocessmaycontinue,unlessitoccurstosomeonetoquestionthefactsonwhichtheoriginalwriterbasedhisopinionortochallengetheinterpretationheplaceduponthosefacts.A．Typically,theoriginalmessagehaschanged.B．Finallyeverybodygetsthemeaning.C．Unfortunately,passivelearninghasaseriousproblem.D．Knowledgeispasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.E.That’swhathappensindailylife.F.Thisprocessisalsofoundamongscholarsandauthors.G.Wecanachieveknowledgeeitheractivelyorpassively.WhatIsEmotionalEating?Emotionaleatingiswhenpeopleusefoodasawaytodealwithfeelingsinsteadofsatisfyinghunger.1、Haveyoueverfinishedawholebagofchipsoutofboredomordownedcookieaftercookiewhilepreparingforabigtest?Butwhendonealot—especiallywithoutrealizingit—emotionaleatingcanaffectweight,healthandoverallwell-being.Notmanyofusmaketheconnectionbetweeneatingandourfeelings.2、Oneofthebiggestmythsaboutemotionaleatingisthatit’scausedbynegativefeelings.Yes,peopleoftenturntofoodwhenthey’restressedout,lonely,sad,anxious