广东省广州市重点中学2023-2024学年高一上学期10月月考测英语试题

广州市培才高级中学2023-2024学年第一学期10月英语科考试（高一）（考试时间：120分钟；满分150分）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAd1Ad2Ad3Ad41.Thefirstthreeadsaresimilarinthat__________.A.theyarelookingforvolunteersB.theyarerelatedtochildcareC.theyrequireapplicantsofrichexperienceD.theyaretargetedatpreschoolchildren2.Whichadcanajobhunterignore?A.Ad1. B.Ad2. C.Ad3. D.Ad4.3.Wheremightanexperiencedteacherbewellpaid?A.InAlpineChildren’sServices.B.InSOSChildren’sVillageQuetta.C.AtLil’ScholarDaycareCenter.D.AtRobertsonCharterSchool.BToday,bicyclesareelegantlysimplemachinesthatarecommonaroundtheworld.Manypeopleridebicyclesforrecreation,whereasothersusethemasameansoftransportation.ThefirstbicyclewasinventedinGermanyin1818.Becauseitwasmadeofwood,itwasn’tverystrongnordidithavepedals（脚踏板）.Ridersmoveditbypushingtheirfeetagainsttheground.In1839,KirkpatrickMacmillan,aScottishblacksmith,inventedamuchbetterbicycle.Macmillan’smachinehadiron-coveredwheelstokeepthemfromgettingworndown.Healsousedfoot-operatedlevers,similartopedals,sohisbicyclecouldberiddenataquickpace.Itdidn’tlookmuchlikethemodernbicycle,though,becauseitsbackwheelwassubstantiallylargerthanitsfrontwheel.AlthoughMacmillan’sbicyclescouldberiddeneasily,theywereneverproducedinlargenumbers.In1861,FrenchmanPierreMichauxandhisbrotherErnestinventedabicyclewithanimprovedpedalmechanism.TheycalledtheirbicycleaVÉLOCIPEDE,butmostpeoplecalledita“boneshaker”becauseoftheeffectofthewoodandironframe.Despitetheimpolitenickname,theVELOCIPEDEwasahit.Afterafewyears,theMichauxfamilywasmakinghundredsofthemachinesannually,mostlyforfun-seekingyoungpeople.Tenyearslater,JamesStarley,anEnglishinventor,madeseveralinnovationsthatrevolutionizedbicycledesign.Hemadethefrontwheelmanytimeslargerthanthebackwheel,putagearonthepedalstomakethebicyclemoreefficient,andlightenedthewheelsbyusingwirespokes.Althoughthisbicyclewasmuchlighterandlesstiringtoride,itwasstillclumsy,extremelytop-heavy,andriddenmostlyforentertainment.Itwasn’tuntil1874thatthefirsttrulymodernbicycleappearedonthescene.InventedbyanotherEnglishman,H.J.Lawson,thesafetybicyclewouldlookfamiliartotoday’scyclists.Thesafetybicyclehadequal-sizedwheels,whichmadeiteasiertoride.Lawsonalsoattachedachaintothepedalstodrivethebackwheel.By1893,thesafetybicyclebadbeenfurtherimprovedwithair-filledrubbertires,adiamond-shapedframe,andeasybraking.WiththeimprovementsprovidedbyLawson;bicyclesbecameextremelypopularandusefulfortransportation.Today,theyarebuilt,used,andenjoyedallovertheworld.4.Thispassagewasmostlikelywritteninorderto__________.A.comparebicyclesusedfordifferentpurposesB.describetheproblemsearlybicyclemakersexperiencedC.persuadereaderstousebicyclesfortransportationD.tellreadersabouttheearlyhistoryofthebicycle5.Macmillancoveredthewheelsofhisbicyclewithironto__________A.addweighttothebicycle B.makethebicycleeasiertorideC.allowthewheelstolastlonger D.letthebicyclebemorecomfortable6.WhichofthefollowingbicycletypeswasinventedbyJamesStarley?A. B.C. D.7.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Threehundredyearsago,bicyclesdidnotexist.B.Thefirstbicyclecouldberiddenataveryquickpace.C.TheMichauxbrotherscalledtheirbicyclea“boneshaker”.D.Macmillan’smachinehadwheelswithrubbertires.CResearchhasshownthatpeopletendtogetmorehappinessfromspendingtheirmoneyonexperiences,suchastravelandentertainment（娱乐）,thanonthingslikeclothesandelectronicproducts.Butarepeoplehappierduringthepurchased（购买的）experienceitself?Ordoesthehappinesscomemorefromexpectingorrememberingtheexperience?Anewstudy,publishedintheJournalofExperimentalSocialPsychology,offersananswer.Ourexperimentalpurchasesnotonlybringusgreaterpleasureintermsofexpectationandremembrancethandoourmaterial（物质的）purchases,buttheyalsobringusgreaterin-the-momentenjoyment,thestudyfound.Forthestudy,theresearchersrecruited（招募）2,635adultswhoagreedtoreceivetextsatanytimeduringtheday.Thetextsbeganwithahappinessquestion,whichaskedtheparticipants（参与者）totellhowtheyfelt“rightnow”,rangingfromverybadtoverygood.Halfofthemwerethenaskediftheyhadmadeamaterialpurchasewithinthepasthour,suchasclothingorelectronicgoods.Theotherswereaskediftheyhadmadeanexperimentalpurchasewithinthepasthour,suchaseatinginarestaurantorattendingaconcert.Theresearchersfoundthatthepurchasersoftheexperiencesexpresshigherlevelsofhappinessthanthepursuersofthematerialgoods,nomatterhowmuchthepurchasescost.Todealwithpossibledifferencesintypesofpurchasers,theresearcherscarriedoutasecondstudyinwhichtheyresearchedmorethan5,000adults.“Westillfoundthesameresult,”saidAmitKumar,thestudy’sleadauthor（发起人）.“Ifyouwanttobehappier,itmightbewisetoshiftsomeofyourspendingawayfrommaterialgoodsandabitmoretowardsexperiences,”Kumarsaid.“Thatwouldprobablyleadtogreaterhappiness.”8.Whydoesthewriterputforwardtwoquestionsinparagraph1?A.Tomakeafactclear.B.Tointroduceanewstudy.C.Tocomparedifferentresearches.D.Todoubttheviewofresearchers.9.Whatdidtheresearcherstexttheparticipantsfor?A.Toaskthemabouttheirspendingplans.B.Tounderstandtheirneedsandspendinghabits.C.Toknowthechangeintheirpurchasingchoices.D.Tofindouttheirpurchasingbehaviorandfeelings.10.Whichhasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword“shift”inthelastparagraph?A.satisfy. B.apply. C.change. D.increase.11.Whatdoesthenewstudyfindaboutpeople’spurchases?A.Peopleprefertopurchasematerialgoodsinsteadofexperiences.B.Peoplegetmorepleasurefromspendingmoneythanmakingmoney.C.Thelevelofhappinessfrompurchasesdependsonhowmuchtheycost.D.Experimentalpurchasesbringpeoplegreaterhappinessthanmaterialones.DInChina,inordertoeasethepressureonparents’wallets,educationisfreeuntilchildrenreachtheageofabout15.Sowhyisitthatmorethanhalfofatypicalfamily’sspendinggoesoneducation?Theansweriscrammingclasses:afinancialburdensogreatthatitisoftensaidtodiscouragecouplesfromhavingchildrenatall.Nowofficialsaredoingtheirpart.Itappearstorelievethepressureonpeople’swallets.Butparentsarenotsurewhetheritwillwork.Asmanyofthemseeit,crammingisnotoptional.Examsforentrytoseniorhighschoolsarefiercelycompetitive.ThencomesthedreadedGaokao:theuniversity-entranceexamonwhichachild’sfuturedepends.Nowondertheindustry’sgrowthhasbeenrapid.Onefirm,Zuoyebang(“helpwithhomework”）saysitofferslive-streamingclassestomorethan170mactiveuserseachmonth.Butofficialsareworriedaboutitssocialimpact.ThebirthrateisthelowestindecadesandChinaisageingfast.Theyalsosaythatschoolchildrenareoverstressed.Urbanpupilsattendcrammingclassesformorethan10hoursaweek,accordingtoDeloitte,anaccountancyfirm.WhileasthePeople’sDaily,anofficialnewspaper,reportedthismonth,themarketforsuchservicesisin“endlesschaos”.Itlistedproblemsrangingfrommisleadingadvertisingtohighpricesandtheuseofunqualifiedteachers.Government’snewregulationsofclampingdownoncramschoolssentshiversthroughtheindustry.NewOriental,oneofChina’sbiggestcrammingcompanies,sawitssharepriceontheNewYorkStockExchangedropbelow$8,fromahighofmorethanS19inFebruary.OnJune9ththeeducationministrysaidanewgovernmentdepartmentwouldbesetuptooverseesuchbusinesses,includingbothonlinecoursesandlessonsintheclassroom.Thereisalsoawidespreadspeculation,includinginstatemedia,thatthenewruleswillimposelimitsonwhenfirmscanofferclasses.Theymay,forexample,prohibitclassesafteracertaintimeintheevening,duringthesummerholidaysoratweekends.Someanalyststhinkthegovernmentmayhaveanothermotive.ManyofthecompaniesbelongtoChina’stechgiants,includingAlibabaandTencent,whichhavealreadyattractedgovernment’sattentionfordominatingmarketsandexpandingintofinanceandotherareas.Targetingthecrammingbusinesscouldbeanotherwayofbreakingtheirwings.Parentswonderwhethertheywillbenefit.Someareconcernedthatthenewruleswillleavethemwithnochoicebuttouseprivatetutors,whichcouldproveevenmorecostly.12.WhydocrammingschoolsenjoygreatpopularityamongChinesestudents?A.Theexamsaresodemandingthattheyhavenochoice.BThelive-streamingclassesofferedarereallyappealing.C.Enteringseniorhighschoolsmakesthemlesscompetitive.D.Governmentofficialsareworriedabouttheirperformance.13.WhatisNOTaproblemputforwardbythePeople’sDailywiththecramschoolmarket?A.Highfees. B.Experiencedtutors.C.Improperadvertising. D.Chaoticmanagement.14.Whatcanweinferabouttheparents’attitudetowardsthenewregulations?A.Supportive. B.Indifferent. C.Skeptical. D.Critical.15.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.China’stechgiantscontrolthemarket.B.Chinasaysnotothecrammingbusiness.C.Gaokaoimposestoomuchburdentostudents.D.NewOrientalisthebiggestcrammingcompany.第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的7个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplegetnervousbeforetakingatest.Someofthemaresoconsumedbyanxietythattheyactuallydefeatthemselves,performingpoorlyintheexamevenwhentheyknowthematerialtheyarebeingtestedon.Buttherearewaystohelpcalmyournervesandbeprepared.16TakeplentyoftimetoprepareforeachtestUsematerialstogetusedtothetest’sstructureandguidelines.Lookuptheavailableinstructionsontakingcomputer-andpaper-basedtestsforeachexam.17Instead,itisabetterideatohavealong-termstudyplan.Trytomakeatimetableforyourstudywhichlastsforafewmonths.UsesamplequestionsandexercisesExamplesofactualquestionsandpreviouslyusedtopicsareoftenavailable,aswellassampletests.Usethesetogetasmuchpracticeasyoucanbeforetakingtherealexam.18Practicetakingthetest——evenifyou’retakingitathome.Allowyourselfonlythetimegivenfortheactualtest.Practiceworkingthroughsectionsasquicklyandeffectivelyaspossible,identifyingandfocusingonareaswhereyouneedtoimprove.TakeadvantageofalltheresourcesavailabletoyouThemoreyouknowaboutatestandhowitisscored,themoreefficientlyyoucandealwithit.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,youhaveaccesstosomanyextraresourcesthataredesignedtohelpyougetthemostoutofyourstudies.Youcanexploreeverythingfromthewebsitesandonlinelearningtools.19FollowthedirectionscarefullyThisoneiscritical.20Don’tworryifyoudon’tknowananswer——concentrateoneachquestionanddothebestyoucan,butdon’tspendtoomuchtimeonanyoneitemeither.Beawareofyourtime,makingsureyouhaveenoughtoanswereveryquestion.Ifyouhaveextratimeattheend,thenyoucangobacktocheckyouranswers.A.Createasimilartestsituation.B.Improveyourtestefficiency.C.ItishighlyrecommendedtousetheInternetasaresource.D.Studyingallnightbeforeyourtestisdefinitelynotadvisable!EYoumaypanicwhenyouseethetestifyoudon’tprepareallalong.F.Trythesetipstomakesurethatyou’reinagoodstatcofmindontestday.GYouareexpectedtoreadalloftheinstructionsthoroughlyandcompletelybeforebeginning.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TimandDebHennessywentonagrocery（食品杂货店）runforsomesuppliesduringlastmonth’sdeadlystorminTexas.Tim21thetripassoonashesawthelonglineofpeopleoutside,waitingtogetin.Butthecouplewantedtobe22incase（以防）conditionsgotworse.They23forabout15minutesbeforethestoresuddenlylostpowerandthelights24.Customers25shoppinguntilastoremanageraskedthemtoheadtothecheckoutarea.Timandhiswife26whathethoughttobeacouplehundredpeopleinalongcheckoutline.Whenthecouplearrivedatthecheckoutcounter,thecashier（收银员）27themthrough,sayingthattherewasn’ttimeto28anything.Whentheyaskedabout29,thecashiersaid,“Just30andbesafedrivinghome.”“Isawallthese.peoplegoingoutwithcarts（推车）.Wow!They’relettingeverybodyleavewith31groceries,”Timsaid.Touchedbytheunexpectedactof32theyexperienced,manycustomersdecidedtopayitforwardasthey33thestore.Outintheparkinglot（停车场）,complete34helpedeachothertoputunbaggedgroceriesintocars.Ontheridehome,thecouplethoughtabouttheir35andtearswelledupintheireyes.21.A.remembered B.regretted C.recognized D.rescued22.A.outgoing B.curious C.prepared D.satisfied23.A.shopped B.searched C.rested D.worked24.A.brokeout B.wentout C.gaveup D.cleanedup25.A.recommended B.forgot C.avoided D.continued26.A.joined B.found C.saved D.pretended27.A.waved B.pushed C.tracked D.frightened28.A.admire B.taste C.change D.bag29.A.trying B.moving C.paying D.visiting30.A.signup B.checkin C.goahead D.showoff31.A.cheap B.free C.real D.slim32.A.honesty B.kindness C.exchange D.strategy33.A.rented B.owned C.chose D.left34.A.strangers B.partners C.soldiers D.survivors35.A.decision B.schedule C.experience D.arrangement第二部分非选择题（共65分）第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ahealthylifestylehelpspeopleliveaharmoniouslife.Butyou’llmostlikelyneedtomakesomeadjustmentsinawidevarietyofareas.Everwonderedaboutchangingyourlifefor36better?Doyouthinkitistimetomakechangestoleadahealthylife?Nowadaysmanypeoplesaytheyjustdon’tgetmuchtimetolookafterthemselves.However,itiswhatyoudoandeateveryday37keepsyouhealthy.Recently,thenumberofobese（肥胖）peopleisincreasing38analarmingrate.Sotrytomakesomelittlechangesinyourscheduletoimproveyourlifestyle.It’snevertoolate.Focusonmakingsmallchangestoyourdiet,exerciseandotherlifestylefactorstohelpmakeyouhealthier.Thesearesomesuggestions39(give)byhealthexpertswhichcanhelpyouachieveyourgoals.Firstofall,addhealthyfooditemstoyourdiet.Forexample,40(eat)greenvegetablesandfruitsisamustbecausetheycontainkindsofvitaminsandmineralsthat41(be)necessarytoyourbody.Doremembertoexerciseregularlybecauseitwillburnextrafatsinyourbodyandhelpyougaincontrolofyour42(weigh).lfyoucan’texerciseeveryday,atleastgoforawalkeveryday.Sleepatleast8hourseverydayandmakeyoufeelfreshandenergetic.Inaddition,manypeopledosomeactivitieseveryday,43helpsthemtodeveloptheirminds.Physicalactivityisanimportantcomponentofahealthierlifestyle.Findanexerciseroutinethatyou44(true)enjoy.Youwillfind45veryhelpfultokeepregularexercis