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BEC中级真题详细解析:第二辑TEST1PART1Coaching1thecontactbetweencoachandemployeenotsolvingalldifficultiesatwork

2thediscussionofhowcertainsituationscouldbebetterhandlediftheyoccuragain

3acoachencouraginganemployeetoapplywhathasbeentaughttoroutineworksituations

4coachingprovidingnewinteresttoindividualswhoareunhappyintheircurrentpositions

5coachingprovidingasupportiveenvironmenttodiscussperformance

6employeesbeingaskedtoanalysethemselvesandpractisegreaterself-awareness

7coachingenablingacompanytorespondrapidlytoalackofexpertiseinacertainareaCoaching

A

Coachinginvolvestwoormorepeoplesittingdowntogethertotalkthroughissuesthathavecomeuprecentlyatwork,andanalysinghowtheyweremanagedandhowtheymightbedealtwithmoreeffectivelyonsubsequentoccasions.Coachingthustransfersskillsandinformationfromonepersontoanotherinanon-the-jobsituationsothattheworkexperienceofthecoachisusedtoadviseandguidetheindividualbeingcoached.Italsoallowssuccessesandfailurestobeevaluatedinanon-threateningatmosphere.

B

Coachingmeansinfluencingthelearner'spersonaldevelopment,forexamplehisorherconfidenceandambition.Itcantakeplaceanytimeduringanindividual'scareer.Coachingisintendedtoassistindividualstofunctionmoreeffectively,anditisapowerfullearningmodel.Itbeginswhereskills-basedtrainingends,andhelpsindividualstouseformallylearntknowledgeinday-to-dayworkandmanagementsituations.Individualsbeingcoachedareinademandingsituationwiththeircoach,whichrequiresthemtoconsidertheirownbehaviourandquestiontheirreasonsfordoingthings.

C

Thecoachprofessionallyassiststhecareerdevelopmentofanotherindividual,outsidethenormalmanager/subordinaterelationship.Intheory,thecoachingrelationshipshouldprovideanswerstoeveryproblem,butinpracticeitfallsshortofthis.However,itcanprovideaspacefordiscussionandfeedbackontopicssuchaspeoplemanagementandskills,behaviourpatterns,confidence-buildingandtimemanagement.Throughcoaching,anorganisationcanmeetskillsshortages,discusstargetsandindicatehowemployeesshoulddealwithchallengingsituations,allatshortnotice.

D

Effectivecoachesareusuallythosewhogetsatisfactionfromthesuccessofothersandwhogivetimetothecoachingrole.Givingpeoplecoachingresponsibilitiescansupporttheirdevelopment,eitherbyencouragingmanagementpotentialthroughsmall-scaleone-to-oneassignments,orbyprovidingaddedjobsatisfactiontomanagerswhofeeltheyarestuckintheirpresentjobs.Acoachisalsoaconfidentialadviser,accustomedtodevelopingpositiveandeffectiveapproachestocomplexmanagement,organisationalandchangeproblems.这篇文章讲的是培训(coaching)的作用。培训对一个公司的发展和员工的成长都是至关重要的。文章的内容比较泛,但是题目的答案比较明显。

第一题,教练和员工之间的接触不能解决工作中的所有困难。答案是C段的这么一句:Intheory,thecoachingrelationshipshouldprovideanswerstoeveryproblem,butinpracticeitfallsshortofthis.理论上,培训可以提供所有问题的答案。但是实践中达不到这样。Fallshortof是关键词。

第二题,讨论某些情况如果再度出现的话怎么样可以处理的更好。答案是A段的这么一句:analysinghowtheyweremanagedandhowtheymightbedealtwithmoreeffectivelyonsubsequentoccasions.分析应该如何进行处理并且在接下来的情况下怎样可以处理的更有效。这里的dealtwithmoreeffectively对应于题干中的betterhandled,onsubsequentoccasions.也就是occuragain。

第三题,教练鼓励员工将所学应用到日常的工作中。答案是B段的这么一句:helpsindividualstouseformallylearntknowledgeinday-to-dayworkandmanagementsituations.帮助个人将学到的正式知识用在日常工作和管理情况下。这里的day-to-dayworkandmanagementsituations就是题干中的routineworksituations,whathasbeentaught也就是formallylearntknowledge。

第四题,培训为在现有岗位上不高兴的个人提供了新的兴趣。答案是D段的这么一句:providingaddedjobsatisfactiontomanagerswhofeeltheyarestuckintheirpresentjobs。对感觉自己在现有岗位上受困的经理们提供附加的工作满足感。这里的stuckintheirpresentjobs就是题干中的unhappyintheircurrentposition,addedjobsatisfaction可以对应于题干中的newinterest。

第五题,培训提供了一个有力的、支持性的讨论工作表现的环境。答案是A段的:Italsoallowssuccessesandfailurestobeevaluatedinanon-threateningatmosphere.它允许成功和失败在一个没有威胁的气氛下被评估。成功和失败也就是performance,supportiveenvironment可以对应于non-threateningatmosphere。

第六题,员工被要求分析他们自己并且培养出更强的自知。有必要理解下self-awareness的含义,不能简单的从中文理解成自我意识,看英文解释:knowledgeandunderstandingofyourself。所以答案是B段的这么一句:requiresthemtoconsidertheirownbehaviourandquestiontheirreasonsfordoingthings.要求他们考虑自己的行为并且思考这么做的理由。considertheirownbehaviour可以对应于题干中的analysethemselves,思考这么做的理由也是为了进一步增进对自己的认识。

第七题,培训可以使得公司对某个领域的技术缺失迅速做出反应。答案是C段的最后一句:indicatehowemployeesshoulddealwithchallengingsituations,allatshortnotice.指出员工怎样处理有挑战性的情况,在短时间内。Atshortnotice是一接到通知就,短时间内的意思,可以对应这一题的respondrapidly,challengingsituations可以指代题干中的alackofexpertiseinacertainarea.BEC中级真题详细解析:第二辑TEST1PART2自助餐领域BUFFETZONE

LucyRobertsonstartedworkingatatakeawayfoodbusinesstosupplementherincomeduringherstudentdaysatEdinburghUniversity,Severalyearslatershehadboughtthebusinessandnow,17yearson,sheownsGrapevineCaterers,probablyScotland'sleadingindependentcaterers,withaturnoverofalmost£6m.

Shehadneverplannedtoownabusiness,andhadcertainlyneverconsideredacareerincatering.(0).......However,herunplannedcareerbeganin1985,whenshereturnedtoEdinburghanddiscoveredthatthetakeawayshehadworkedinwasupforsale.Onimpulse,sheboughtit,butadmitsthatatthetimesheknewnothingaboutcatering.(8)Itwasadifficulttime,butessentialintermsofgainingtheexperiencesheneeded.Thelate1980sboomwasgoodforbusiness,withlargenumbersofofficeworkerswantingtakeawayfoodfortheirlunches.(9)'Atonepointtherewere26foodoutletswithina5-kilometreradius,'Robertsonrecalls.Astheeconomychangedandtheoncepackedofficeblocksstartedtobecomevacant,itbecameclearthatRobertsonwouldneedtodiversify.(10)Itchangedthedirectionofthecompanyforgood.

AsRobertsonbegantowincateringcontracts,shedecidedthatthecompanywouldhavetomovetolargerpremises.In1994,themovewasmadewhensheboughtanothercateringbusinessthatalreadyhadanumberofprofitablecontractsforboardroomlunches.

Meanwhile,Robertson'smaincompetitor,theoldestcateringcompanyinEdinburgh,wascausinghersomeanxiety.'Customerloyaltyisnottobeunderestimated,'shewarns.ButRobertsonisnotsomeonewhoiseasilyputoff.(11)Partlyasaresultofthis,turnoverdoubled,andhavingoutgrownanothersite,Robertsonboughtacity-centrelocationforthegroup'sheadquarters.

Bynow,Grapevine'smaincompetitorwasanewcateringcompanycalledTowngates.AlthoughRobertsontriedtoraiseenoughmoneytobuyTowngates,shedidnotsucceed.ThenluckintervenedandTowngateswentbankrupt.(12)Manyacceptedandthecompany'sturnoverwentfrom£700,000to£l.5millionalmostovernight.

However,thecompany'sgrowthwasnotassmoothasitsoundsinretrospect.Robertsonadmits,'Wewereclosetotheedgeduringthegrowthperiod.Likemanyunder-capitalisedcompaniestryingtogrow,itmighteasilyhavecollapsed.'Butthat,shefeels,isthechallengeofdevelopingyourownbusiness.AButthereareplentyofsimilarcontractstobewonintheeastofScotlandbeforeRobertsonturnsherattentionelsewhere.

BHerwayroundthisparticularproblemwastorecruitthecateringmanageroftherivalcompany.

CButthisdemandwasshort-lived,andbeforelong,increasingcompetitionmadeithardertomakeaprofit.

D'Itwasadramaticlearningcurveandverysmallamountsofmoneywereearnedatfirst,’saysRobertson.

EShedecidedthatthesolution,sincemanycompaniesrequiredworkinglunchesformeetingswithclients,wastoprepareanddelivermealstobusinesspremises.

FOnhearingthis,RobertsonimmediatelycontactedalloftheirclientsandofferedtheservicesofGrapevineCaterers.

GInstead,shestudiedaccountancyafterleavinguniversity,andasteadyifunspectacularprofessionalpathseemedset.《BuffetZone》,自助餐区域,在这篇文章里的意思应该是自助餐领域,讲的是一个在自助餐领域取得了惊人成绩的杰出女性创业的故事。这套题目不难,尤其比起第四辑的题目。文章本身有很清晰的故事发展脉络,选项和原文的对应也比较明显。文章的几个段落是按照时间先后、故事发生的先后进行的,很明确。第一段是总括,第二段是讲的创业起步阶段的一些困难以及应对困难的对策,第三段是公司好转后的办公室重置(relocation),第四、五段是公司的竞争情况,最后一段总结。

第八题,前面说一时冲动她买下了这个外卖餐馆(takeaway),事实上那个时候她对餐饮业一无所知。空格后面说的是这段时间很困难,但是对获得所需要的经验却是很有必要的。所以第八题的空格部分应该填入跟学习、积累经验有关的内容。D选型最吻合,Itwasadramaticlearningcurve,这里的learning是关键词,很明显的答案信号。还有verysmallamountsofmoneywereearnedatfirst,atfirst也是关键词。

第九题,空格前面说largenumbersofofficeworkerswantingtakeawayfoodfortheirlunches,大量的办公室员工需要外卖食品做午饭,这里的wanting是个很关键的词。空格后面话锋一转,说曾经一度5公里内有26家食品商店,但是经济转变了,一条街都空了(blocksstartedtobecomevacant)。从上下文来分析,第九空的内容应该和办公室员工的外卖需求有关,同时带有转折意思。C选项完全符合这一条件:但是这种需求是短暂的,不久,逐渐增长的竞争使得赢得利润变得更加困难。

第十题,上文说经济形势转变了,所以Robertson决定从事多样化的经营。后面说这种做法永远的改变了公司的经营方式。所以第十空应该填入相应的对策,怎么样来应对经济形势的转变。符合这一条件的是B和E,都是关于解决问题的,但是B选项所说的招募竞争对手的餐厅经理在上下文内容中没有提到。应该选D,为商业大厦送饭,正好对应下一段所说的。

第十一题,这一题才应该选B,前面说竞争对手给自己造成了很大的困扰。但是Robertson却不是那么容易屈服的人。后面说部分原因是这个,营业额翻倍了。所以中间应该也是填入对策。和竞争对手有关的,应该选B,B的particular是个关键词,rivalcompany也很明显。

第十二题,前面说Robertson想收购一个竞争对手,但是没成功,结果人家公司自己破产倒闭了。后面来了一个manyaccepted,可以看出这中间应该填入的是人家公司破产后Robertson的一些举措。F满足这一条件:一听到这些,Robertson马上联系他们的客户并且提供了自己公司的服务。BEC中级真题详细解析:第二辑TEST1PART3怎样开发自己HOWTOMARKETYOURSELF

Wemanageourowncareersnow.Soknowinghowtobrandandpositionyourselfinthemarketas'Meplc'atdifferentstagesofyourworkinglifeisbecominganincreasinglyvitalskill.AtleastthatiswhatimageexpertMarySpillanebelieves.'Employmentasweknowitisdecreasing.Jobsdon'texist,workexists.Inthenextdecademostofuswillbesuppliers,notstaff.Wewillhaveclientsnotbosses.Ifyouareunder30,youprobablyknowthatthereisonlyonefirmtojoinforlife:Meplc.Itpromotesyouandyourpotentialtoothers.'

'We'reworkinginmulti-national,multicultural,multi-corporateteamsandit'simportanttounderstandtheimplicationsofthis.Weneedtocreateapersonalbrandthatisunique,butcomplementsthebrandofthecorporationweareworkingfor.Youhavetofindawaytodoitsothatyouarenotjustatypicalemployee,'advisesSpillane.'Youhavetodecidewhatcentralvaluesyouwanttoproject,andalsowhatmayneedtoalterfromsituationtosituation.'

ManypeopleonlyrememberMarySpillanefortheyearsshespentrunningacosmeticscompany,butsheactuallyhasmastersdegreesininformationscienceandpolitics.Sheusedtohidethathard-hittingside,butisnoweagertoshowitandforgetaboutcosmetics.'NowthatI'mworkingintheboardroomsofmajorplcsandglobalcompanies,I'mplayingupmydegreesandmanagementbackgroundsothattheimagesideisseenonlyasanadditiontothevalueside,'saysSpillane.

Somecontractstakelongerthanothers.'TheCitylawfirmsI'mcurrentlyworkingforarereallydifficultbecausetheydon'thaveanyideaofwhattheirbrandshouldbe,andarestillverytraditionalevenwhentalkingaboutbecomingmodern.I'mshowingthemhowtodoeverythingfromchangingtheirreceptionareas-whichtendtobeveryoff-puttingwiththeirhigh-frontedreceptiondesks-tohowtomakesmalltalkthatislessformalandrigid.Companiesrebrandthemselvesallthetime,spendingmillionsonnewofficeinteriorsandsoon.Butwithoutanunderlyingchangeofattitudes,itcanproveanemptyexercise.'

Shearguesthatforindividualstoo,theremustbemorethanasurfacechange,asrebrandinggoesdeeperthanamerechangeofwardrobe.Beyondadviceonappearance,shetellsclients,'Remindyourselfofwhatyouareselling:thepersonalvaluesthatcompriseyourbrand.Learntopresentyourselfinawaythatwillprojectwhatyouwanttodeliver.Lifelonglearningisessential,togetherwiththesortofdiscoveryandadventurethatpromotepersonalgrowth.Alwayshaveanup-to-the-minuteCVreadytoprintout,refreshingiteveryfewmonthswithyourmostrecentachievements,justtoremindothersofyourbrandvalue.'

Shebelievesitisessentialthatyouunderstandbothyourpublicselfandyourprivateself,aswellasyourblindspotsandyourpotential,inordertocreateaneffectivebrand.Thepublicselfistheimageyouprojecttotheworld,theprivateselfiswhatyouknowaboutyourselfbutothersdon't,aridblindspotsarethosethingsthatothersseeaboutyoubutyoucan'tseeforyourself.Bydecidingwhatimageyouwantotherpeopletosee,emphasisingmoreofyourprivateselfandsortingoutafewblindspots,youwillincreasenotonlyyourpotentialtoinfluenceothers,butalsoyourself-esteemandself-confidence.'《Howtomarketyourself》,怎样开发你自己。这篇文章主要是一个专家(MarySpillane)对个人在职业生涯中的一些建议,包括怎么定位、怎样正确认识自己等等。很实用很中肯的一篇文章。看来这国外的专家并不也是夸夸其谈之辈啊。

13题,问第一段MarySpillane认为人们应该学会开发他们自己的原因是什么。第一段里这个专家认为就业机会在减少,job不存在了,存在的是work,在未来十年所有人都将成为才华和能力的提供者(supplier),而不是员工(staff),老板将变成自己的客户。从专家的这段话可以看出她认为人们应该学会开发自己的原因是适应就业市场的发展,也就是D答案所说的。A在原文没有提到,B的理解有误,原文说thereisonlyonefirmtojoinforlife:Meplc。生活中只有一个值得加入的公司:自我公司。这句的意思还是说人们要学会开发自己,而不是将来有公司需要。C在原文中也没有提到。

14题,问在创造个人品牌的时候,很重要的是什么。答案是第二段的最后一句:Youhavetodecidewhatcentralvaluesyouwanttoproject,andalsowhatmayneedtoalterfromsituationtosituation.你必须决定自己要建立的中心价值什么,同时还有哪些是需要随着环境的改变而改变的。A的表述正确,根据环境来改变事情。B不对,不是说决定人们想要你呈现的形象,而是自己决定自己想要建立的中心价值。C、D在原文都没有提到。

15题,问第三段可以了解到Spillane的什么事。第三段介绍说这个女人曾经经营过一家化妆品公司,但其实她还拥有信息科学和政治的硕士学位。当在化妆品公司的时候她试图把学历的一面深藏不露,但是现在换了一家公司,她迫不及待的想将这一面给展现出来。从这些可以看出这个女人的思路:需要哪一面就表现哪一面。15题的答案是C:她拥有的素质很多人都不知道。A不对,没有提到尴尬,B不对,在适当的时候才会去谈论自己的学历背景,D在原文也没有提到。

16题,问Spillane指出了现在工作公司的什么问题。答案是第四段的这么一句:theydon'thaveanyideaofwhattheirbrandshouldbe,andarestillverytraditionalevenwhentalkingaboutbecomingmodern.对于自己的品牌应该是怎么样的他们没有任何概念,同时在谈到变得现代时依然很传统。这一段是讲这个公司在转变时的一些问题,他们投入了巨大的财力想重新树立自己的品牌,但是没有一个深层次的态度的转变,是很难有实效的。答案是B,不知如何重新树立自己的品牌。A不对,没有说不愿意接受,C不对,公司投入巨大,D不对,不是不愿意现代化,而是不知道怎么现代化,说要现代化还是显得很传统。

17题,问对于想要重新树立自己品牌的个人,Spillane的建议是什么。答案是第五段的最后一句:Alwayshaveanup-to-the-minuteCVreadytoprintout,refreshingiteveryfewmonthswithyourmostrecentachievements时刻要有一个准备打印的最新的简历,每隔几个月用你最新的成绩来更新一次。总结起来就是B选项所说的“固定更新关于自己能做什么的书面证明”。

18题,问为了能成功的重新树立自己的个人品牌,很重要的是什么。最后一段强调了人应该了解自己的几个方面:公我(publicself)、私我(privateself)、盲点和潜力,并且分别介绍了四种方面的含义。答案是这么一句,需要提炼总结:Bydecidingwhatimageyouwantotherpeopletosee,emphasisingmoreofyourprivateselfandsortingoutafewblindspots。更多的强调私我,并且挑选出一些盲点。总结起来就是B所说的:学会怎样全面利用自己性格的各个方面。

理解一下D选项一个词组的含义:modelyourselfon(after)somebody:totrytobelikesomeoneelsebecauseyouadmirethemBEC中级真题详细解析:第二辑TEST1PART4Planning这篇文章是关于公司计划的(planning),做计划时的过程和需要考虑的一些因素。

全文的第一句话说公司做的决定是一个年度过程(annualprocess)。接下来谈到原因。19题,makeup是组成、捏造、化妆的意思,用在这里和accounting搭配不上;carryout是执行(todosomethingthatneedstobeorganizedandplanned);bringabout是带来,使发生(tomakesomethinghappen);putdown放下,镇压。从意思上看,应该选B,carryout。

事实上,carryoutaccountingon…..basis是金融英语里专业且地道的说法。最常见的一种是carryoutaccountingontheaccrualbasis执行权责发生制。相应的,20题选basis,公司时在一年的基础上执行会计准则的。

21题,这里需要理解上下文的含义。这一整句话仍然是在说明公司进行planning的原因。正是因为相似的模式会在市场上出现,所以公司才需要进行计划。选patterns是最符合原义的。

22题,很明显,这里填入的词是表示批准、通过之类的,是指年前三个月完整的计划就会被通过。从中文意思上看,A、B、C三个词都是符合的。具体看英文解释对几个词的用法进行区分。

approval:whenaplan,decision,orpersonisofficiallyaccepted批准,正式的

eg:Thepresidenthasalreadygivenhisapprovaltotheplan.

permission:whensomeoneisofficiallyallowedtodosomething允许,也是正式的

eg:Youmustaskpermissionbeforetakinganyphotographsinsidethechurch.

consent:permissiontodosomething不那么正式的允许

eg:Hetookthecarwithouttheowner'sconsent.

这一题是讲的计划被批准或者通过,所以用approval。

23题,这里的前后文的意思是计划贯穿全年始终,所以经理们需要回顾过去,展望未来。后面的lookingforwardto是个答案信号,相对应的前面应该选review,根据目标回顾过程。24题比较简单,理解了句子含义不难做出选择。现在发生的事情将会影响未来的目标和计划。选influence。

25题,从这个句子来看,填入的词是应该可以直接和market搭配的。Predictthemarket是商英里地道常见的用法,市场预测。

26题,往他们的操作中增加一点灵活性,这样可以对突然发生的变化做出反应。

Operation:theworkoractivitiesdonebyabusinessororganization,ortheprocessofdoingthiswork.

27题,respondto对…..做出反应。

28题,为了开发公司的长期目标,需要一年以上的时间来计划。从意思和用法上,只能选择develop。

29题,inmarketterms用市场术语来说。固定用法。

30题,positioninthemarket,市场上的地位。前面已经暗示了这里要用市场术语来表述,positioninthemarket就是固定表达

(positioningisthatexclusivespaceyourbrandownsinthemarketplace.It'srelevantandcompellingtoyourcustomers,anddifferentfromyourcompetitors.)

31题,只需要理解preferred的意思:首选的

32题,想让这个航空公司成为特定路线上商务旅客的首选,必须先计划好相关的步骤。按步骤来拟定计划,最后才能成功,所以选step。33题,需要理解四个词组的含义。

handover:togivesomethingtosomeonewithyourhand,especiallybecausetheyhaveaskedforitorshouldhaveit.交出

drawup:toprepareawrittendocument,suchasalistorcontract起草

(drawupplans/proposal)

e.g:Hewasaskedtodrawupproposalsforreformingthelaw

makeout:tobejustabletoseeorhearsomething看见或听见

tounderstandsomething,especiallythereasonwhysomethinghashappened理解

writeoff:towritealettertoacompanyororganizationaskingthemtosendyougoodsorinformation写信寄出

todecidethatsomeoneorsomethingisuseless,unimportant,orafailure注销

toofficiallysaythatadebtnolongerhastobepaid,orofficiallyacceptthatyoucannotgetbackmoneyyouhavespentorlost勾销BEC中级真题详细解析:第二辑TEST1PART5客户服务总监这篇文章是一则招聘启事,招的是客户服务总监(customerservicesdirector)。简单介绍了一下公司的情况以及这个工作的职责。

34题,appoint是及物动词,后面直接接人,表示任命,itself在这里多余;

35题,involvedoing,in多余,这是常见的地道的表述。看个例句:Whatdoresearchjobsinvolvedoing?

36题,正确

37题,这行要联系下一行,从整体上来体会句子的含义。介词through表方式,连词while是多余的。这句的意思是通过对20个员工的管理和激励,你会成为管理客户期望的焦点。

38题,be和seen在这里谓语动词重复了,必须去掉一个。从意思上看,是说你可以成为什么,而不是你可以看见什么。所以用youwillbe,seen多余。

39题,keepingthemuptodate…..现在分词作伴随状语,是对前面的补充说明。介词from在这里是多余的。

40题,正确

41题,with后面直接接宾语,代词those是多余的

42题,inreturn是固定搭配,表示相应的,反过来,for多余

43题,offersb.sth固定搭配,with多余。offer与with搭配时是offersth.withsb.

44题,中间的ifappropriate是插入语,可以不予考虑,整个句子就是assistancewithrelocationexpenses是主语,is是谓语,后面是宾语,主谓宾都很齐全,that是多余的

45题,正确。这一行有个词组,inconfidence,是insecrecy的意思。BEC中级真题详细解析:第二辑TEST2PART2Listening1Sometimesitisnecessarytoinsistonfurtherexplanation.

2Youshouldn'tfocusonyourresponsewhileothersarestillspeaking.

3Peoplearereluctanttoadmitthattheydon'tlistenwell.

4Therearebenefitsinseeingthingsfromthespeaker'sperspective.

5Keenobservationofthespeakercansupportourlisteningskills.

6Itisriskytothinkaboutadifferentissuewhilesomeoneisspeaking.

7Peopledonotmindhearingtheirownviewssummarised.A

Toooftenweaccuseothersofnotlistening,pretendingthatweourselvesarefaultless,yetinourheartsweknowthatmanyofthemistakeswemakecomeaboutbecausewehaven'tlistenedcarefullyenough.Wegetthingswrongbecausewehaven'tquiteunderstoodwhatsomeonemeantwhentheyweretalkingtous.Anyonewhohasevertakentheminutesofalongmeetingwillknowhowharditistoremember-despitethebenefitofnotes-exactlywhateveryonesaid.Butsuccessdependsongettingthingsright-andthatmeanslistening.

B

Listeningisnotthesamethingashearing;itisnotaneffortlessactivity.Itdemandsattentionandconcentration.Itmaymeanquizzingthespeakerforadditionalinformationorforclarification-itisalwaysbettertoaskthantocontinueregardlessandgetthingswrong.However,ifyouallowyourmindtowanderontosomethingelse,evenforafewminutes,you'llmisswhatthespeakerissaying-probablyattheverymomentwhenheorsheissayingsomethingcritical.Andnothavingheard,youwon'tknowyou'vemissedanythinguntilit'stoolate.

C

Themostcommonbadhabitwehaveistostartthinkingofwhatwearegoingtosayaboutthesubjectlongbeforetheotherspeakerhasfinished.Wethenstoplistening.Evenworse,thisoftenaddsrudenesstoinattentiveness,asonceyouhavedecidedwhattosaythereisafairchanceyouwillinterrupttosayit.Goodlistenersdon'tinterrupt.Infactitisoftenworthexplainingthemainideaofwhatyouhavejustbeentoldbeforegoingontomakeyourownpoints.Nobodyisoffendedbythisanditshowsthatyouhavelistenedwell.

D

Aboveallbepatientandacceptthatmanypeoplearenotverygoodcommunicators.It'shelpfultorememberthatthewayspeoplemoveandpositionthemselveswhiletheyarespeakingcanrevealagreatdealaboutwhattheyaresaying.Equallyimportantlyyoushouldputyourselfintheotherperson'splace,bothintellectuallyandemotionally;itwillhelpyoutounderstandwhattheyaregettingatandformaresponse.Butdon'tbetooclever.Facedwithaknow-all,manypeoplekeepquietbecausetheyseenopointincontinuing.这篇文章讲的是倾听(listening)的重要性。一个好的管理者必然是一个好的倾听者,所以要讲究倾听的艺术。

第一题,有时坚持进一步的解释是很有必要的。答案是B段的这么一句:Itmaymeanquizzingthespeakerforadditionalinformationorforclarification-itisalwaysbettertoaskthantocontinueregardlessandgetthingswrong它可能意味着为了进一步的信息和说明去询问说话的人——问总比不顾情况的继续并且把事情办错的好。这里的additionalinformation对应于furtherexplanation.

第二题,不能在别人还在说的时候就开始关注自己的回应。答案是C段的第一句:Themostcommonbadhabitwehaveistostartthinkingofwhatwearegoingtosayaboutthesubjectlongbeforetheotherspeakerhasfinished。我们最常见的坏习惯就是在讲话者远还没结束的时候就开始思考我们将对这个话题说些什么。这里的beforetheotherspeakerhasfinished就是othersarestillspeaking,focusonyourresponse就是startthinkingofwhatwearegoingtosayaboutthesubject。

第三题,人们不愿意承认自己没有听好。答案是A段的第一句:Toooftenweaccuseothersofnotlistening,pretendingthatweourselvesarefaultless,yetinourheartsweknowthatmanyofthemistakeswemakecomeaboutbecausewehaven'tlistenedcarefullyenough。我们经常指责别人没有好好听,假装我们自己是无可指责的,其实在我们心里知道,很多我们所犯的错误都是由于听的不够仔细。这句的意思就是说我们心里知道什么原因,但是口头上喜欢指责别人。也就是第三题题干说的不愿意承认。

第四题,从说话者的视角去考虑问题是有好处的。答案是D段的这么一句:Equallyimportantlyyoushouldputyourselfintheotherperson'splace,bothintellectuallyandemotionally。同样重要的是你必须把自己置于别人的位置上,既是智力上的也是情感上的。这里的putyourselfinotherperson’splace就是seeingthingsfromthespeaker’sperspective。

第五题,对说话者的敏锐观察可以提高倾听技巧。答案是D段的这么一句:It'shelpfultorememberthatthewayspeoplemoveandpositionthemselveswhiletheyarespeakingcanrevealagreatdealaboutwhattheyaresaying。记住说话人的移动方式和姿势是很有用的,这些可以揭示出很多他们所说话的信息。连说话的姿势都要记住,当然是keenobservation了,helpful可以对应于support。

第六题,当别人在说话的时候去想着另外一件事是很危险的。答案是B段的这么一句:ifyouallowyourmindtowanderontosomethingelse,evenforafewminutes,you'llmisswhatthespeakerissaying如果你让自己走神了,哪怕是仅有的几分钟,你也将错过别人所说的话。allowyourmindwanderontosomethingelse也就是thinkaboutadifferentissue.

第七题,人们不介意听到他们自己的观点被总结。答案是C段的这么一句:Infactitisoftenworthexplainingthemainideaofwhatyouhavejustbeentoldbeforegoingontomakeyourownpoints.Nobodyisoffendedbythis事实上在作出自己观点之前往往很值得解释下刚刚所听到内容的主要观点。没有人会被这个所冒犯。explainingthemainideaofwhatyouhavejustbeentold也就是hearingtheirownviewssummarised。donotmind也就是nobodyisoffendedbythis。BEC中级真题详细解析:第二辑TEST2PART2找到合适的人Whenasmallcompanygrows,managersmusttakeonmanynewroles.Besidestheday-to-dayrunningofthebusiness,theyfindthemselvesresponsiblefor,amongotherthings,relationswithoutsideinvestors,increasedlevelsofcashflowand,hardestofall,recruitment.

Formostmanagersofsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises,thejobofsearchingfor,interviewingandselectingstaffisdifficultandtime-consuming.(0)....G....Interviewing,forexample,isahighlyskilledactivityinitself.

'Wehavefoundthewholeprocessveryhard,'saysDanBaker,foundingpartnerofaPRcompany.'Insevenyearswehavegrownfromfivetoeighteenstaff,butwehavenotfounditeasytolocateandrecruittherightpeople.'(8)AsDanBakerexplains,'Wewenttooneforourfirstrecruitmentdrive,buttheytookalotofmoneyinadvanceanddidn'tputforwardanybodysuitable.Intheendwehadtodoitourselves.'

MostrecruitmentdecisionsarebasedonapileofCVs,acoupleofshortinterviewsandtwocautiousreferences.DavidRowe,abusinesspsychologist,studiedhowappointmentsweremadeinfivesmallcompanies.Heclaimsthatselectionwasrarelybasedonclearcriteria.(9)Thiskindofapproachtorecruitmentoftenhasunhappyconsequencesforbothemployersandnewrecruits.

Smallcompaniesoftenknowwhatkindofpersontheyarelookingfor.(10)AccordingtoDavidRowe,thismeansthatsmallcompanymanagersthemselveshavetodevotemoretimeandenergytorecruitment.Itshouldn'tbesomethingthatislefttotheeveningsorweekends.

Manycompaniesstarttherecruitmentprocesswithover-optimisticideasaboutthetypeofpersonthatwillfitintotheirteam.'It'sveryeasytosayyoumusthavethebestpeopleinthetoppositions,'saysAlexJones,managingpartnerofanexecutiverecruitmentcompany.'Butsomeonewhoisexcellentinonecompanymaynotdosowellinanotherenvironment.(11)Youcanneverguaranteeasuccessfultransferofskills.'

Whateverthecandidate'squalifications,theirpersonalqualitiesarejustasimportantsincetheywillhavetointegratewithexistingmembersofstaff.Thisiswhere,therecruitmentindustryargues,theycanreallyhelp.

AccordingtoAlexJones,'Agoodrecruitmentagencywillvisityourcompanyandaskalotofquestions.(12)Theycanaskapplicantsallsortsofquestionsyoudon'tliketoaskandpresentyouwithashortlistofpeoplewhonotonlyhavetheskills,butwhoarelikelytofitinwithyourcompany'swayofdoingthings.'Afinancedirectorinabigcompany,forexample,willoftenmakeaterriblesmallcompanyfinancedirectorbecauseheorsheisusedtohavingateamdoingtheday-to-dayjobs.

BMoreoftenthannot,thepeoplemakingthechoiceprioritiseddifferentqualitiesincandidatesorreliedonguesswork.

CRecruitmentwouldseemanobvioustasktooutsource,butthecompany'sexperienceofrecruitmentagencieswasnotencouraging.

DTheyneedpayingforthat,ofcourse,butyouwillhavethemworkingforyouandnotforthecandidate.

ETheyareusuallyinveryspecificmarketsandtheproblemtheyfaceisthatrecruitmentagenciesmaynotreallyunderstandthesector.

FThismeansthatcompaniescannotspendmorethanthestandardtenminutesinterviewingeachapplicant.

GYetfewaretrainedandcompetentforallaspectsofthetask.Findingtherightpeople,寻找合适的人。是说的小公司在起步发展阶段找到合适人才的难度和重要性。第一段总论小公司的经理们往往身兼数职,而其中最有难度的,还是招人。文章介绍了找到合适的人应该注意的问题,并且说招人这种事不可能过度寄希望于招聘机构。

第八题,这一题的前面说招人相当的困难,后面一个asDanBakerexplains,说曾经找过招聘机构,结果人家要提前收钱并且也没有提供合适的人,最后还是得靠自己。从这里的as…explains和后面的解释可以看出,第八空的内容应该是和招聘机构有关,招聘机构并不能满足公司的需要。选项C正好满足这一特点:招聘看起来像是个很明显的适合交外办理的任务,但是这个公司同招聘机构打交道的经历不那么的鼓舞人。wasnotencouraging是关键点。

第九题,这一段都是讲招人的决策不够科学。基于简历或者是简短的面试,很少有明确的准则。第九空的后面是Thiskindofapproachtorecruitmentoftenhasunhappyconsequences。可见第九空的内容还是和招聘的方法有关,并且是负面的。B选项符合这一条件:通常(moreoftenthannot是often的意思,插入语),做决定的人将候选人身上的不同素质按优先顺序给排好,或者依赖于猜测。

第十题,这一题的后面说thismeansthesmallcompanymanagersthemselveshavetodevotemoretimeandenergytorecruitment。这意味着小公司自己要多花时间和精力在招人上。这里的thismeans的this是个暗示,可以看出第十题这里应该填入的是一些不太有利的因素,使得公司只有

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