安徽省皖江名校联考2023-2024学年高二上学期开学英语试题-1

英语考生注意：1.本试卷分四部分，共8页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：必修一、必修二、必修三。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhenareJenny’sparentsing?A.InApril. B.InJune. C.InAugust.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:HeyJenny.It’salreadyApril.Aren’tyourparentsingtovisitthismonth?W:Yes,theyhaveplannedtobutthenanemergencyturnedupandtheyhavepostponedtheirvisitfortwomonths.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesn’tJimwanttowearthewhiteshirt?A.Hedislikesthecolor. B.Itdoesn’tmatchhisjeans.C.Thesizeisbigger.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jim,pleaseputonthatwhiteshirtandchangeyourjeans.Theyneedtobewashed.M:Thatshirtistoobigonme.I’llweartheblueoneinstead.It’snicer,anyway.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesLewismean?A.Hesurelywantsthesignature.B.HewillgotoGaga’sconcert.C.HehasadognamedGaga.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Lewis,DontoldmethathecouldgetyouthatLadyGaga’ssignaturethroughafriendatworkifyou’restillinterestedingettingit.M:Stillinterestedingettingit?Urn,IhaveeverysingleLadyGagaCD,andmywalliscoveredinherpictures!IfIevergetapetdog,I’llprobablynameherGaga.That’showIamintoher,so…4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital. B.Atanursery. C.Inalibrary.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:MissRichardson,mydaughterdidn’tsleepwelllastnight.Willyougivehersomeextraattentiontoday?W:Don’tworry,Mr.Cruise.Allthekidswillbetakengoodcareofhere.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdidthemanoftencontacthisfriendsabroad?A.Byemail. B.Bytelephone. C.Byvideocall.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Doyoukeepintouchwithyourforeignfriendsbyemail?W:No,Ijustphonethem.Whataboutyou?M:Iusedtoemailthem,butnowit’smucheasierjusttomakevideocalls.第二节(共15小题；每小题分，满分分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Movies. B.Robots. C.Workpatterns.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Gettingmoreinformationonline.B.Talkingwiththeirworkers.C.Avoidingdangeroustasks.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Wow,itwasanimpressionhowadvancedrobotscanbedeveloped.Ithinkthatweneedrobotslikethose,justinthismoviesceneofMeninBlack.M:Iadmitthemoviewasimaginative,butIdon’tthinkthetechnologyisthereyettoallowustoreplacepeoplewithrobots.W:No,notformanyofthefunctions,butwecouldhavethemdothemoreboringanddangeroustasks.M:Youmeanhavethemworkalongsideourworkers?I’mnotsureofthatpattern.Wouldn’ttherobotsgetintheway?W:Theyhavesensors,whichallowthemtoavoidotherpeopleormachines.M:Idon’tknow.Let’ssearchforitontheInternetwhenwegethome.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatdoesDavidplantodothisSaturdayafternoon?A.Watchamovie. B.Takeaclass. C.BuysomeChinesefood.9.WhatdidDavidlearntomakelastweek?A.Noodles. B.Dumplings. C.Ricecake.10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthecookingclass?A.Boring. B.Expensive. C.Interesting【答案】8.B9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:David,whataboutgoingtoamoviethisSaturdayafternoon?M:I’dreallyloveto,butIdon’tthinkIcanmakeit.I’vegottotakeacookingclassthatafternoon.W:Whatkindofcookingclassareyougoingtotake?M:AChinesefoodcookingclass.TheyteachyouhowtomakesometraditionalChinesefood.Forexample,twoweeksagoIlearnedtomakedumplings,andlastweekIlearnedabouthowChinesenoodlesarecooked.Andthisweek,we’lllearntomakericecake.W:Thatsoundsveryinteresting.Soisthecourseexpensive?M:Notreally.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple. B.Colleagues. C.Classmates.12.WhatwastewillAlextakecareof?A.Cans. B.Paper. C.Plasticbottles.13.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Stopusingpapercups.B.Prepareboxesfordifferentwastes.C.Reducetheuseofpaper,plasticandcans.【答案】11.B12.C13.B【解析】【原文】W:Theproblemisthattoomanypeoplecreatetoomuchwaste.M:Yes,you’reright,Carol.Ifeveryonerecycledmore,we’dreducealotofwaste.Imean,lookattheamountofpaperwewasteinthisoffice.It’scrazy.W:Exactly,Alex.Andcoffeecups,too.M:Yes,right.Ifwerecycledourpaperandthepapercups,we’dsavealotofwaste.W:That’sright.Anddon’tforgetplastic.Nobodyrecyclestheirplasticwaterbottles.Let’sdosomething.M:Well,Iwouldtaketheplasticbottlestotherecyclingcenter.AndI’llmakeacollectionboxwhichpeoplecanputtheirwaterbottlesin.W:I’llmaketwocollectionboxesforpaperandcans.Ifweputtheminthekitchen,peoplewillseethem.We’dsavealotofwaste.We’regoingtomakeadifference.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatrelationisMelissatoLily?A.Herfriend. B.Herdaughter. C.Hermother.15.WhatdidLindadotohelpAmylovereading?A.Shesetagoodexampletoher.B.Sheaskedhertoreadtofriends.C.SheboughtaniPadforher.16.HowdoesLindausuallygetbooks?A.Shedownloadsebooks. B.Shegoestobookstores.C.Sheborrowsbooks.【答案】14.C15.A16.C【解析】【原文】M:Linda,doesAmylovereading?W:Shedidn’tlovereadinginthepast,butnowshehasfalleninlovewiththat.M:Couldyoutellmehow?W:Certainly.Ihelpedherdothat.Iusedtobebusywithmyworkandneverreadtoher.OnedayIfoundmyfriendMelissaoftenreadtoherdaughterLilyandthelittlegirlreallylovedreading.IrealizedIshouldhelpmydaughterfallinlovewithreading,too.M:Sohowdidyouhelpherdothat?W:First,IputdownmyiPadandmysmartphoneandbegantoreadmyself.Ioftenreadinfrontofher.Whenshesawmeread,shebecamecuriousandwantedtodothat,too.M:Sowhatelsedidyoudo?W:Ialsoencouragedhertoreadtome.Also,Ichosebookscarefullysoshewouldn’tfindthemboring.M:Sohowdidyougetthebooks?W:Buyingalotofbookscanbeverycostly.Luckily,welivenearalibrary.Therearemanybooksforchildren.M:That’ssmart.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthethemeofthecontest?A.Nature. B.Campuslife. C.Friendship.18.Whoareespeciallyexpectedtotakepartinthecontest?A.Collegestudents. B.Newwriters. C.VisitorstoTyler.19.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementofthecontest?A.Participantsbeingover18. B.Thegiventypeofwriting.C.Unpublishedoriginalwriting.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Introducingacontest.B.Conductingaseminar.C.Hostingaradioprogram.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】W:Humansareforevercuriousaboutandinspiredbytheirnaturalsurroundings.Thisautumn,PennStateUniversityandTylerArboretuminviteyoutoshareyourownthoughtsaboutnatureinourNatureNarrativesWritingContest.SubmityourwritingtohavethechancetobepublishedintheShortStoryDispenseronthePennStateBrandywinecampus.ThiscontestisopentoallPennStateBrandywinestudents,teachers,andgraduates,aswellasmembersofTylerArboretum,andvisitorstoTyler.Wewanttoespeciallyencouragenewwriterstoexpresstheirthoughtsonourenvironment.munitymembersundertheageof18arealsoinvitedtosubmityourwritingtothecontestinouryouthcategory.IfyouareafriendofPennStateorTylerArboretum,thenweweleyourwriting,too!TheNatureNarrativesWritingContestisopentoallkindsofwriting.Thinkaboutyourownexperiencesintheoutdoorsandtheconnectionsbetweensocietyandourplanet.Beinspiredandcreatestoriesofwhatyouseeandwhatthepossibilitiescouldbeinthepresentandinthefuture.Thepiecesmustbeoriginalwritingandnothavebeenpreviouslypublishedelsewhere.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyonTheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyoninTibetisthedeepestcanyonintheworld.Withatotallengthofabout500kilometers,itsaltitudespansfrom7,782metersatNamchakBarwa,thehighestpeakoftheeasternHimalayas,to550metersaroundtheYarlungZangboRiverValleyinMetogcounty.Oneuniquefeatureofthespringsighthereisthatvisitorscanenjoyboththepeachblossomsandthesnowcappedmountainsatthesametime.ThewaterPeachBlossomFairisalsoanattractioninthearea.BangongLakeNationalForestParkBangongLakeNationalForestParkisanidealplaceforbirdwatchinginTibetinspring.Duetothegoodecologicalenvironment,theislandboastsagoodvarietyofbirdspecies.Everyspring,warmwindsfromtheBayofBengalblowintotheNgariPlateau,birdsthatflyfromtheplateautotheSouthAsiancontinentthepreviouswinterwouldreturnheretolayeggsandbreed.NamtsowillpresentitsmostattractivesceneryinMarchandApril,whichmakesitagreatplacetovisitinspring.InApril,whentheweatherwarmsupandthesnowmelts,Namtsoslowlywakesup.Visitorscouldenjoyastunningviewofhalflakeandhalfice.LakeManasarovaLakeManasarovasits4,500metersabovesealevelinPurangcounty,Ngariprefecture.SnowmeltfromtheGangdiseMountainshuggingthelakeisthesourceforthenearbyYarlungZangboRiveraswellasthemightyGanges.TheManasarovawetlandisakey“climateregulator”ontheplateauandhometomorethan400rarespeciesincludingtheblackneckedcraneandtheTibetanwilddonkey.Enshrinedas“holylakeandsacredmountain”alongwithGangRinpoche,LakeManasarovainspringattractsalargenumberofpilgrims(朝圣者)aswellastouristsfromhomeandabroad.21.WhatisspecialaboutvisitingtheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon?A.Itisthelongestanddeepestcanyonintheworld.B.Youcanenjoypeachblossomsandthesnowmountainsaswell.C.ItrunsthroughthehighestmountainintheHimalayasinTibet.DBravevisitorscandosomewhitewaterraftingintheriver.22.Whichplacewillyouvisitifyouarefondofwatchingfeatheredfriends?A.TheYarlungZangboRiverGrandCanyon B.BangongLakeNationalForestParkC.TheManasarovawetland D.TheNgariPlateau23.Whatdothethreedestinationshaveinmon?A.Allthreeplaceshaveagreatandbeautifullake.B.Wecanenjoybeautifulpeachblossominallthree.C.AllthreehavebeautifulspringattractionsinTibet.D.Allthreearerichinrarespecies.【答案】21.B22.B23.C【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章介绍了三个位于西藏适合春天旅游的美丽的景点。21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个景点中描述的“Oneuniquefeatureofthespringsighthereisthatvisitorscanenjoyboththepeachblossomsandthesnowcappedmountainsatthesametime.”（这里春天景色的一个独特之处在于游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山。）可知，去雅鲁藏布江大峡谷游玩的特别之处是游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个景点中描述的“BangongLakeNationalForestParkisanidealplaceforbirdwatchinginTibetinspring.”（班公湖国家森林公园是西藏春季观鸟的理想场所。）可知，喜欢看鸟（有羽毛的朋友）的朋友，可以去班公湖国家森林公园游玩。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据三个景点中分别描述的“Oneuniquefeatureofthespringsighthereisthatvisitorscanenjoyboththepeachblossomsandthesnowcappedmountainsatthesametime.”（这里春天景色的一个独特之处在于游客可以同时欣赏桃花和雪山。）、“NamtsowillpresentitsmostattractivesceneryinMarchandApril,whichmakesitagreatplacetovisitinspring.”（纳木错在3月和4月将呈现出最迷人的景色，这使它成为春天游览的好地方。）和“LakeManasarovainspringattractsalargenumberofpilgrims(朝圣者)aswellastouristsfromhomeandabroad.”（春天的玛纳萨罗娃湖吸引了大量的朝圣者和来自国内外的游客。）可知，在西藏的这三个景点都拥有春季美景。故选C。BCharlesRichardDrew’sgreatinventiondirectlycontributedtosavingthousandsoflivesduringWorldWarⅡ,andcontinuestocontributetothelifesavingworkoftheentireworldofmedicinelater.Bornin1904,Drewwastheeldestoffivechildren.Hewasintelligentandshowedatalentforstudiesandsportsfromayoungage.In1922,hisathleticabilityearnedhimanathleticscholarshiptoattendAmherstCollegeinMassachusetts.DrewgraduatedfromAmherstCollegein1926.In1928heappliedtomedicalschoolsandwasadmittedtoMeGillUniversityinMontreal,Canada.Hepletedhismedicaldegreeandmaster’sdegreeinsurgeryin1933.Upongraduation,asaninternship(实习生),hebegantolookatissuesrelatedtobloodtransfusions.WhenhebeganhisdoctoralstudiesatColumbiaUniversity,withaphysiciannamedJohnScudder,Drewcontinuedhisresearchinthefieldofbloodtransfusion.Thetwohavejointlyconductedresearchintobloodpreservationandfluidreplacement,leadingtothedevelopmentofanexperimentalbloodbank,whichransmoothlyforsevenmonths.Drew’sbreakthroughsinbloodpreservationweretimely,astheWorldWarIIwasraginginEuropeatthetime.UnderDrew’sdirection,histeamhasdevelopednewwaystoextract,preserveandtransportplasma(血浆)onalargescale.Followingthesuccessofthe“BloodforBritain”program,DrewwasappointedtheassistantdirectorfortheUSbloodbankingsystem.Duringthistime,hebuiltanumberofmobileblooddonationstations,laterknownasblooddeliverystations.OnApril1,1950,tragedystruck.Drewwasinjuredinaseriouscaraccidentwhileonhiswaytoaconferenceanddiedfromhisinjuries.Manymedicalcollegesandschoolshavebeennamedafterhimtohonorhiscontribution.24.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Drew’sfamily. B.Drew’sintelligence.C.Drew’searlyexperience. D.Drew’scontribution.25.WhatkindofpersonisCharlesRichard?A.Strongwilledandambitious. B.Sympatheticandtough.C.Caringandbrave. D.Talentedandmitted.26.WhyaremanycollegesandschoolsnamedafterCharlesRichardDrew?A.Becausehehasmadegreatcontributiontomedicalscience.B.Becausehealonefinishedtheresearchinthefieldofbloodtransfusion.C.BecausehiscontributionhaschangedtheprocessoftheWorldWarⅡ.D.Becausehediedinatragedycaraccidentonhiswaytoconference.27.Whichcategorycanthisarticlebe?A.Adocumentary. B.Anovel.C.Asciencefiction. D.Ashortbiography.【答案】24.C25.D26.A27.D【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。CharlesRichardDrew的伟大发明在第二次世界大战期间直接为拯救成千上万的生命做出了贡献，并继续为整个医学世界的拯救工作做出贡献。文章主要介绍了Drew的早期经历和在血液保存、输血等医学方面所取得的成就和做出的伟大贡献。【24题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段所提到的时间“Bornin1904”（生于1904年）、“In1922”、“in1926”、“In1928”和“in1933”及全段内容可知，该段主要讲述了CharlesRichardDrew的早期经历。故选C。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“CharlesRichardDrew’sgreatinventiondirectlycontributedtosavingthousandsoflivesduringWorldWarⅡ,andcontinuestocontributetothelifesavingworkoftheentireworldofmedicinelater.”（CharlesRichardDrew的伟大发明在第二次世界大战期间直接为拯救成千上万的生命做出了贡献，并继续为整个医学世界的拯救工作做出贡献。）、第五段“Drew’sbreakthroughsinbloodpreservationweretimely,astheWorldWarIIwasraginginEuropeatthetime.”（Drew在血液保存方面的突破是及时的，因为当时第二次世界大战正在欧洲肆虐。）和第六段“Followingthesuccessofthe“BloodforBritain”program,DrewwasappointedtheassistantdirectorfortheUSbloodbankingsystem.”（随着“为英国献血”项目的成功，德鲁被任命为美国血库系统的助理主任。）及全文内容可知，CharlesRichardDrew非常有才华，一致致力于血液保存、输血等医学方面的研究，并取得了伟大的成就。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Manymedicalcollegesandschoolshavebeennamedafterhimtohonorhiscontribution.”（许多医学院都以他的名字命名，以纪念他的贡献。）可知，CharlesRichardDrew在医学方面作出了巨大贡献，所以许多医学院都以他的名字命名，来纪念他的贡献。故选A。

【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“CharlesRichardDrew’sgreatinventiondirectlycontributedtosavingthousandsoflivesduringWorldWarⅡ,andcontinuestocontributetothelifesavingworkoftheentireworldofmedicinelater.”（CharlesRichardDrew的伟大发明在第二次世界大战期间直接为拯救成千上万的生命做出了贡献，并继续为整个医学世界的拯救工作做出贡献。）和全文内容可知，本文描述CharlesRichardDrew的传奇一生以及他对医学的贡献，因而是传记。故选D。CWithneedleliketeethandsharppointednose,agraynursesharkisn’tacreaturethatmostpeoplewouldwanttomeet.ButShaliseLeesfieldisn’toneofthem.TheAustralianteenagercouldn’tthinkofabettercreaturetomeetwhenscubadivingoffthecoastofSouthWestRocks,nearherhomeinPortMacquarie,acoastaltownnorthofSydney.“Manypeoplesaygraynursesharkslookfrightening,butIthinktheyarethesweetestanimalsever,”shesays.Theslowmovingsharks,whichliketostayneartheseafloorinwarm,shallowwaters,are—forthemostpart—harmlesstohumans.Butthegraynursesharkisunderthreat.Populationshavefallenandhabitatshavebeenlostduetooceanwarmingandhumandevelopment,accordingtotheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN),whichliststhespeciesasseriouslyendangered.OneareawheretheycanstillbeseenisFishRock,anunderwatercavern(洞穴)withauniqueecosystem,40milesupthecoastfromLeesfield’shome.Butfishersareallowedaccesswithin200metersofFishRock.Thisisleadingtoadropinthenumberofgraynursesharksandincreasedpollution,saysLeesfield.Shewantstoenlargethenofishingarea,establishingaprotectedzone.WithLeesfield’sefforts,theareahasbeennominatedasaHopeSpot,whichispartofthemissionBlueprogramlaunchedbyfamousoceanographerSylviaEarlethatidentifiesplacesascriticallyimportanttotheocean’shealthandsupportsprotection.“WhenpeoplethinkaboutHopeSpots,theythinkaboutSydneyHarbourortheGreatBarrierReef.SotogetFishRockuponthatlistisjustsuchincrediblenews,”shesays.Now,LeesfieldisworkingwithpoliticianCateFaehrmann,marinespokespersonfortheAustralianGreenspartyinNewSouthWales,tolegalizeprotectionofthesharksandmakethenofishingzoneprotectedbythelaw.28.Whatdoes“them”refertointhefirstparagraph?A.Graynursesharks. B.monpeople.C.Peoplefearinggraynursesharks. D.Fishers.29.Whathasledtograynursesharks’beingseriouslyendangered?A.Thedevelopmentoftourismintheocean.B.Thesharks’preferencetostayinshallowwaters.C.Thefeatureofgraynursesharks’slowmoving.D.Fishers’beingpermittedwithin200metersofFishRock.30.WhatwillLeesfieldandFaehrmanndotoprotectgraynursesharks?A.RemendtheFishRockasaHopeSpotbeingprotected.B.IdentifytheHopeSpotareaasbeingcriticallyimportant.C.MakeFishRockmorepopularamongfishersnearby.D.MakelawstoprotectthenofishingzonenearFishRock.31.Whichmightbethebesttitleofthearticle?A.TheAustralianteenagerisonamissiontoprotectsharksB.IncreasedpollutionleadstograysharksendangeredC.Graynursesharksareindanger!D.Let’sestablishaprotectedzone!【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述澳大利亚少年ShaliseLeesfield致力于保护graynursesharks(沙锥齿鲨)的故事。【28题详解】词句猜测题。由第一段“Withneedleliketeethandsharppointednose,agraynursesharkisn’tacreaturethatmostpeoplewouldwanttomeet.ButShaliseLeesfieldisn’toneofthem.(沙锥齿鲨有着针状的牙齿和尖尖的鼻子，大多数人都不想见到它。但ShaliseLeesfield不是them中之一)”和第三段中“Manypeoplesaygraynursesharkslookfrightening,butIthinktheyarethesweetestanimalsever(很多人说沙锥齿鲨看起来很可怕，但我认为它们是有史以来最可爱的动物)”可知，大多数人因害怕都不想见到沙锥齿鲨，但ShaliseLeesfield喜欢沙锥齿鲨，说明ShaliseLeesfield不是害怕沙锥齿鲨的人，them指代“害怕沙锥齿鲨的人”。故选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中“Butthegraynursesharkisunderthreat.Populationshavefallenandhabitatshavebeenlostduetooceanwarmingandhumandevelopment,accordingtotheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN),whichliststhespeciesasseriouslyendangered.(根据国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）的数据，由于海洋变暖和人类发展，该物种的数量减少，栖息地消失，该联盟将该物种列为严重濒危物种)”和第五段中“Butfishersareallowedaccesswithin200metersofFishRock.Thisisleadingtoadropinthenumberofgraynursesharksandincreasedpollution,saysLeesfield.(但渔民可以进入距离FishRock200米以内的区域。Leesfield说，这导致灰护士鲨的数量下降，污染加剧)”可知，因人类活动，渔民被允许靠近FishRock200米范围内捕鱼导致沙锥齿鲨受到严重威胁。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段“Now,LeesfieldisworkingwithpoliticianCateFaehrmann,marinespokespersonfortheAustralianGreenspartyinNewSouthWales,tolegalizeprotectionofthesharksandmakethenofishingzoneprotectedbythelaw.(现在，Leesfield正在与政治家、新南威尔士州澳大利亚绿党海洋发言人CateFaehrmann合作，使鲨鱼保护合法化，并使禁渔区受到法律保护)”可知，Leesfield和Faehrmann通过制定法律保护鱼岩附近的禁渔区。故选D项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，本文讲述澳大利亚少年ShaliseLeesfield致力于保护graynursesharks(沙锥齿鲨)的故事，A项“这名澳大利亚少年正在执行保护鲨鱼的任务”适合做标题。故选A项。DCyberbullying(网络霸凌)hasbeequitesevereacrosstheUnitedStates.Butwhatexactlyiscyberbullying?It’swhensomeonerepeatedlyandintentionallyharasses(侵扰),humiliates(羞辱),mistreats,makesfunof,orthreatensanotherpersononlineorwhileusingcellphonesorotherelectronicdevices.AccordingtoarecentPewResearchCentersurvey,59%ofU.S.teenshaveexperiencedatleastoneofsixidentifiedtypesofabusiveonlinebehaviors.Thosebehaviorsincludenamecalling(42%),havingfalserumorsspreadaboutthemontheinternet(32%),receivingexplicitimagesthattheydidn’taskfor(25%),orbeingthetargetofphysicalthreats(16%).Thepeersofsometeenshaveevenpostedhumiliatingwebpagesorvideos,orcreatedembarrassingimagesonsocialmediaplatforms.Othershavetakenunauthorized(未授权的)photosorvideosinabedroom,bathroom,oranotherlocationconsideredprivate,andpostedthemonlinefortheworldtoview,rate,share,anddiscuss.Therearemanyreasonstomonitoryoursonordaughter’sonlinebehaviorandpaycloseattentiontothewarningsigns.Amongthemostworrisome,studentswhoexperiencedbullyingorcyberbullyingaresignificantlymorelikelytoattempttotaketheirownlife.“Ifyourchildsuddenlyhasnointerestintheirelectronicdevices,appearsjumpyornervouswhileusingtheirphone,orappearsangry,frustrated,ordepressedaftergoingonlineorgaming,thentheymaybeexperiencingcyberbullying,”saysSameerHinduja,Ph.D.,codirectoroftheCyberbullyingResearchCenterandprofessorofCriminologyatFloridaAtlanticUniversity.Also,ifyourchildavoidsconversationsaboutwhatthey’redoingonline,beesunusuallysecretivewhenitestotheirphoneorelectronicdevices,ormakesexcusestostayhomefromschool,theymaybethetargetofonlinebullying.32.Whatisthepurposeofcitingthenumbersinthesecondparagraph?A.Toshowtheemphasisfromthesociety.B.Todisplayhowcyberbullyingworksonchildren.C.Toshowtheseverenessofcyberbullyingonchildren.D.Toshowhowresearchersconducttheirsurvey.33.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’tbelongtocyberbullying?A.NamecallingteensontheInternet.B.Spreadingfalserumorsofteensonline.C.Postingpicturesonlinefortheworldtoview.D.Postinghumiliatingwebpagesorvideosofteens.34.WhatcanweconcludefromSameerHinduja’swords?A.Studentswillloseinterestintheirelectronicaftersurfingonline.B.StudentswillgetangryeasilyaftertheysurfontheInternet.C.Parentsmustcloselymonitortheirteenagers’onlinebehavior.D.Therearesignswhetherteenagersareexperiencingcyberbullying.35.Whoisthearticlemostprobablytargetingat?A.Parents. B.Teenagers. C.Teachers. D.Experts.【答案】32.C33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍网络暴力和它的危害。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AccordingtoarecentPewResearchCentersurvey,59%ofU.S.teenshaveexperiencedatleastoneofsixidentifiedtypesofabusiveonlinebehaviors.Thosebehaviorsincludenamecalling(42%),havingfalserumorsspreadaboutthemontheinternet(32%),receivingexplicitimagesthattheydidn’taskfor(25%),orbeingthetargetofphysicalthreats(16%).(皮尤研究中心最近的一项调查显示，59%的美国青少年至少经历过六种网络虐待行为中的一种。这些行为包括辱骂（42%）、在互联网上散布关于他们的虚假谣言（32%）、收到他们没有要求的露骨图片（25%）或成为人身威胁的目标（16%）。)”可知，第二段内容以具体数据来说明网络暴力的严重性。故选C。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“It’swhensomeonerepeatedlyandintentionallyharasses(侵扰),humiliates(羞辱),mistreats,makesfunof,orthreatensanotherpersononlineorwhileusingcellphonesorotherelectronicdevices.(这是指有人在网上或使用或其他电子设备时反复故意骚扰、羞辱、虐待、取笑或威胁他人。)”和第三段“Thepeersofsometeenshaveevenpostedhumiliatingwebpagesorvideos,orcreatedembarrassingimagesonsocialmediaplatforms.Othershavetakenunauthorized(未授权的)photosorvideosinabedroom,bathroom,oranotherlocationconsideredprivate,andpostedthemonlinefortheworldtoview,rate,share,anddiscuss.(一些青少年的同龄人甚至在社交媒体平台上发布了羞辱性的网页或视频，或制作了令人尴尬的图片。其他人在卧室、浴室或其他被视为私人的地方拍摄了未经授权的照片或视频，并将其发布到网上，供全世界观看、评分、分享和讨论。)”可知，在互联网上辱骂青少年，在网上散布青少年的虚假谣言和发布羞辱青少年的网页或视频都属于网络暴力行为。而C项“在网上发布图片供全世界观看”没有具体范围，如果是符合法律允许范围内的图片都可以上传，因而C项不能说是网络暴力。故选C。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifyourchildsuddenlyhasnointerestintheirelectronicdevices,appearsjumpyornervouswhileusingtheirphone,orappearsangry,frustrated,ordepressedaftergoingonlineorgaming,thentheymaybeexperiencingcyberbullying,(如果你的孩子突然对他们的电子设备不感兴趣，在使用时显得神经质或紧张，或者在上网或玩游戏后显得愤怒或沮丧，那么他们可能正在经历网络欺凌)”可知，青少年被网暴有迹可循。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Therearemanyreasonstomonitoryoursonordaughter’sonlinebehavior(监控儿子或女儿的网络行为有很多原因)”和最后一段“Ifyourchildsuddenlyhasnointerestintheirelectronicdevices,appearsjumpyornervouswhileusingtheirphone,orappearsangry,frustrated,ordepressedaftergoingonlineorgaming,thentheymaybeexperiencingcyberbullying,(如果你的孩子突然对他们的电子设备不感兴趣，在使用时显得神经质或紧张，或者在上网或玩游戏后显得愤怒或沮丧，那么他们可能正在经历网络欺凌)”可以推断，本文的读者为父母。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题分，满分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manyfactorscanaffectagoodnight’ssleep—fromworkstressandfamilyresponsibilitiestoillnesses.It’snowonderthatqualitysleepissometimesnoteasilyavailable.Youmightnotbeabletocontrolthefactorsthatinterferewithyoursleep.____36____Startwiththesesimpletips.Sticktoasleepschedule____37____Theremendedamountofsleepforahealthyadultisatleastsevenhours.Mostpeopledon’tneedmorethaneighthoursinbedtobewellrested.Gotobedandgetupatthesametimeeveryday,includingweekends.Beingconsistentreinforcesyourbody’ssleepwakecycle.Ifyoudon’tfallasleepwithinabout20minutesofgoingtobed,leaveyourbedroomanddosomethingrelaxing.____38____Gobacktobedwhenyou’retired.Repeatasneeded,butcontinuetomaintainyoursleepscheduleandwakeuptime.PayattentiontowhatyoueatanddrinkDon’tgotobedhungryorstuffed.Inparticular,avoidheavyorlargemealswithinacoupleofhoursofbedtime.____39____Nicotine,caffeineandalcoholdeservecaution,too.Thestimulatingeffectsofnicotineandcaffeinetakehourstowearoffandcaninterferewithsleep.Andeventhoughalcoholmightmakeyoufeelsleepyatfirst,itcandisruptsleeplaterinthenight.____40____Keepyourroomcool,darkandquiet.Exposuretolightintheeveningsmightmakeitmorechallengingtofallasleep.Avoidprolongeduseoflightemitingscreensjustbeforebedtime.Considerusingroomdarkeningshades,earplugs,afanorotherdevicestocreateanenvironmentthatsuitsyourneeds