石家庄市元氏县2023年考研《英语一》押题密卷含解析_第1页
石家庄市元氏县2023年考研《英语一》押题密卷含解析_第2页
石家庄市元氏县2023年考研《英语一》押题密卷含解析_第3页
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石家庄市元氏县2023年考研《英语一》押题密卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Inalandfaraway,onceuponatimetherewasgreatpoverty,andonlytherichcouldmanagewithoutgreatproblems.Itissaidthatonedaythreeofthoserichmenandtheirservantswere1togetheronaroadwhentheycametoaverypoorvillage.Thefirstcouldnotstandseeingthe2,sohetookallthegoldandjewelsfromhiswagons(四轮载重马车)andsharedthemoutamongthevillagers.Hewishedthemallthebestofluck,andheleft.Thesecondrichman,seeingtheworryingsituation,stoppedforashorttimeandthendecidedtogivethe3allhisfoodanddrink,sincehecouldseethatmoneywouldbeoflittle4tothem.Hemadesurethattheyeach5theirfairshareandwouldhaveenoughfoodtolastforsometime.Then,heleft.Thethirdrichman,onseeingsuchpoverty,6andwentstraightthroughthepoverty-strickenvillagewithoutstopping.Thetwootherrichmensawallthisfromadistanceandcommentedheatedlywitheachotheronhowthethirdrichmanlackedsympathy.Itwas7thattheythemselveshadbeentheretoofferhelp.However,totheirgreatsurprise,threedayslater,they8thethirdrichman,whowascominginthe9direction.Hewasstilltravelingquickly,buthiswagons,insteadofthegoldandvaluablestheyhadbeencarrying,werenowcompletelyfulloffarmingtoolsandbagsof10.Hewasrushingbacktohelpthemoutofpoverty.1、A.standing B.traveling C.gathering D.running2、A.land B.welfare C.richness D.poverty3、A.villagers B.servants C.others D.rest4、A.interest B.concern C.use D.attraction5、A.returned B.possessed C.offered D.received6、A.speedup B.turnback C.setout D.showoff7、A.turnedaround B.certain C.true D.strange8、A.welcomed B.met C.accepted D.persuaded9、A.opposite B.same C.similar D.familiar10、A.food B.jewels C.money D.seedsSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Whilewealltrytofindhappiness,sometimeswestillendupfeelinglow.Whilemostpeoplecancontrolthisfeeling,lowmoodscanstaywithsome,leadingtodepression.About322millionpeoplesufferedfromdepressionin2015,accordingtoareportbytheWorldHealthOrganizationinFebruary.Thisismorethan4percentoftheworld’spopulation.DepressionisdescribedbytheWHOasamentaldisorder.Ithasseveralsymptomsincludingsadness,lossofinterestandfeelingsoflowself-worth.Inseverecases,depressionmayevenleadtosuicide.Thenumberofpeoplelivingwithdepressionisincreasing.TheWHOreportedariseof18.4percentbetween2005and2015.Youngpeopleareagroupknowntosufferwithdepression.“Thepressuresontoday’syoutharelikenoothergeneration,perhaps,”DanChisholm,anofficialofWHO,toldReuters.InChina,depressionamongyoungpeopleisontherise,ZhuZhuohong,apsychologyprofessorwiththeChineseAcademyofSciences,toldXinhuaNewsAgency.Competitiontooutperformothers,especiallyineducation,cancausealotofpressureforChineseyouth.Almost1.2millionChinesepeopleaged15to24sufferfromdepression,accordingtoareportreleasedbyBritishsciencejournalTheLancetinMay.Luckily,moreandmoreeffortsarebeingmadetodealwiththisproblem.Thisyear’sWorldHealthDay,heldonApril7,willfocusondepression.Thedaywillhighlight(强调)the“Depression:let’stalk”campaign.Thecampaignaimstomakesurethatpeoplewithdepressionbothseekandgethelp.1、Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthepopulationoftheworldin2015?A.About322million.B.About128.8million.C.About8050million.D.About18.4million.2、Whichsymptomistheworstamongseveralsymptoms?A.Suicide.B.Lossofinterest.C.Sadness.D.Feelingsoflowself-worth.3、Whatdoesthe3rdparagraphtellus?A.Thepressuresontoday’syoutharethesameasothergenerations.B.Thepressuresontoday’syoutharenotthesameasothergenerations.C.Thepressuresontoday’syoutharebiggerthanothergenerations.D.Thepressuresontoday’syoutharenotbiggerthanothergenerations.4、WhatcausealotofpressureforChineseyouth?A.Competitionbetweenyounggenerations.B.Competitiontooutperformothers.C.Competitiontoperformbetterthanothersineducation.D.Educationtoavoiddisorders.Text2Thatthesuccessofhumansasaspeciesdependstoalargeextentonourabilitytocooperateingroupsiswidelybelieved.Muchmoresothananyotheranimal,peopleareabletocoordinateandjointheirforcesandactionstoproducemutualbenefits.NewresearchinvolvingDrMolleman,anexpertattheUniversityofNottingham,suggeststhatsuccessfulcooperationingroupsdependsonhowpeoplegatherinformationabouttheirpeers,andhowtheybasetheircooperativedecisionsonit.Biologistswonderhowcooperationcouldhavedevelopedbynaturalselection:itispuzzlinghowcooperationcanbebeneficialwhenitispossibletobehaveselfishlyandtakeadvantageofthecooperativeeffortsofyourgroup.Psychologistsandeconomiststryhardtounderstandwhymanypeoplearewillingtosacrificetheirownwelfaretobenefittheirsocialenvironment.Theyaskedquestionslike“Howdopeoplemakedecisionswhentheiractionscanaffectthewelfareofothers?”“Howpeopledeterminetheirbehaviorwhentheyhavetocooperateingroups?”.DrPieterVanDenBergfromtheUniversityofGroningensaid,“Frompreviousresearchweknowthatsomepeopleare‘majority-oriented(以……为中心)’andtendtolookatthebehaviorofthemajorityintheirgroup,whereasothersare‘success-oriented’andtrytofindoutwhatkindofbehaviorpaysoffbestforthemselves.”DrMolleman,fromthecenteroftheDecisionResearchandExperimentalEconomics,said,“Itturnsoutthatbehavioringroupsofsuccess-orientedpeoplewasmuchmoreselfishthanitingroupsofmajority-orientedpeople.Asaconsequence,thepeopleinthemajority-orientedgroupstendedtocammoremoneyintheexperimentsincetheycooperatedmore.”1、Comparedwithotheranimals,humanbeingsarecapableof________.A.communicatingwellwithothers B.workingtogetherwitheachotherC.survivingsomenaturaldisasters D.gettingaccesstovariousinformation2、Whatarethepsychologistsandeconomistsmostinterestedin?A.Whetherpeople’spersonaleffortswillpayoffeventually.B.Howcooperationhasdevelopedoveralonglimenaturally.C.Whypeopleoffertoaffectthosearoundthemunselfishly.D.Whatbenefitthatgoodcooperationcanbringimmediately.3、Wecaninferthatthesuccess-orientedpeople________.A.arecarefultoselectagrouptojoinB.arelikelytobesuccessfulinthefutureC.paymoreattentiontotheresultoftheireffortD.havesomeskillsincollectingusefulinformation4、Whatisthenewfindingoftheresearch?A.Havinggoodrelationshipgetsustolivefullestlife.B.Focusingonindividualsuccessmakespeopleselfish.C.Beingconsideratecanensureourlong-termbenefit.D.Masteringsocialskillshelpcreateharmonioussociety.Text3LouiArmstronghadtwofamousnicknames(绰号).SomepeoplecalledhimBagamo.Theysaidhismouthlookedlikealargebag.MusiciansoftencalledhimPops,asasignofrespectforhisinfluenceontheworldofmusic.Bornin1901inNewOrleans,hegrewuppoor,butlivedamonggreatmusicians.Jazzwasinventedinthecityafewyearsbeforehisbirth.Armstrongoftensaid,“JazzandIgrewuptogether.”Armstrongshowedagreattalentformusicwhenhewastaughttoplaythecornet(短号)ataboy’shome.Inhislateteens,Armstrongbegantolivethelifeofamusician.Heplayedinparades,clubs,andonthesteamboatsthattraveledontheMississippiRiver.Atthattime,NewOrleanswasfamousforthenewmusicofjazzandwashometomanygreatmusicians.Armstronglearnedfromtheoldermusiciansandsoonbecamerespectedastheirequal.In1922hewenttoChicago.There,thetaleofLouisArmstrongbegan.Fromthenuntiltheendofhislife,Armstrongwascelebratedandlovedwhereverhewent.ArmstronghadnoequalwhenitcametoplayingAmericanpopularsongs.Hiscornetplayinghaddeephumanityandwarmththatcausedmanylistenerstosay,”ListeningtoPopsjustmakesyoufeelgoodallover.“Hewasthefatherofthejazzstyleandalsooneofthebest-knownandmostadmiredpeopleintheworld.Hisdeath,onJuly6,1971,washeadlinenewsaroundtheworld.1、ArmstrongwascalledPopsbecausehe.A.lookedlikeamusicianB.wasaninfluentialmusicianC.showedaninterestinmusicD.traveledtoplaymodernmusic2、Paragraph3isorganized.A.byspaceB.byexamplesC.bytimesequenceD.bycomparison3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutArmstrongisTRUE?A.HistalebeganinNewOrleans.B.Hewasbornbeforejazzwasinvented.C.Hismusicwaspopularwithhislisteners.D.Helearnedpopularmusicataboy’shome.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheInventionoftheJazzMusicB.TheSpreadofPopularMusicC.TheMakingofaMusicianD.TheFatheroftheJazzStyleText4Forallthetechnologicalwondersofmodemmedicine,healthcare-withitsfaxmachinesandclipboards(写字板)—isoutofdate.Thisoutdatederaisslowlydrawingtoacloseastheindustrycatchesupwiththeartificial-intelligence(AI)revolution.EricTopol,anexpertinheartdiseaseandenthusiastfordigitalmedicine,thinksAIwillbeparticularlyusefulforsuchtasksasexaminingimages,observinghearttracesforabnormalitiesorturningdoctors'wordsintopatientrecords.Itwillbeabletousemassesofdatatoworkoutthebesttreatments,andimproveworkflowsinhospitals.Inshort,AIissettosavetime,livesandmoney.ThefearsomepeoplehaveisthatAIwillbeusedtodeepentheassembly-linecultureofmodemmedicine.Ifitgivesa“giftoftime”todoctors,theyarguethatthisbonusshouldbeusedtoextendconsultations,ratherthansimplyspeedingthroughthemmoreefficiently.Thatisafineidea,butashealthswallowsanever-biggershareofnationalwealth,greaterefficiencyisexactlywhatisneeded,atleastsofarasgovernmentsandinsurersareconcerned.Otherwise,richsocietiesmayfailtocopewiththeneedsofageingandgrowingpopulations.Anextrafiveminutesspentchattingwithapatientiscostlyaswellasvaluable.TheAIrevolutionwillalsoenablemanagerialaccountantstoadjustandevaluateeveryaspectoftreatment.Theautonomyofthedoctorwillsurelybeweakened,especially,perhaps,inpublic-healthsystemswhichareduty-boundtocutunnecessarycosts.TheHippocraticOath(誓言)holdsthatthereisanarttomedicineaswellasascience,andthat“warmth,sympathyandunderstandingmayoutweighthesurgeon'sknifeorthechemist'sdrug”.There'slotsofsenseinit:thepatientsofsympatheticphysicianshavebeenshowntorecoverbetter.Yetasthesupplyofhumancarersfailstosatisfythedemandforhealthcare,thefuturemayinvolveconsultationsonsmartphonesandmeasurementsmonitoredbychatbots.Theconsideratelywarmedstethoscope(听诊器),placedgentlyonapatient'sback,maybecomearelicofthepast.1、What'sDrTopol'sattitudetowardAI'scomingintomedicine?A.Concerned. B.Doubtful. C.Optimistic. D.Cautious.2、Whatdoestheauthorofthetextattachmoreimportanceto?A.Medicalcosts. B.Nationalwealth.C.Longerconsultation. D.Greaterefficiency.3、WhyistheHippocraticOathmentioned?A.ToprovethebrightfutureofAI.B.Toshowtheadvantageofahumandoctor.C.Toexplainmedicalequipmentismoreimportant.D.Toargueahumandoctorperformsaswellasarobot.4、Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.HealthcareandAI B.AIanditsapplicationsC.DoctorsandPatients D.DrTopolanddigitalmedicinePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)SomemisunderstandingisputtingsharkpopulationsatrisknowThousandsofsharksaredyingas1.resultofpeople'sfalsebeliefsFemalesharksneedmalestomakebabiesSomefemalesharkshavetheabilitytoproduceababybythemselvesandhaveyoungsharks2.amalesharkThat'ssomething3.(common)seeninplantsandinsectslikeantsandbeesSharkfinshavemedicalfunctionTraditionally,sharkfinsoup4.(believe)tohavehealthbenefitsandisquitespecialinChina5.modernscientistspointoutthatsharktissue(组织)canbeextremelyhighinpoisonWhat'smore,sharkfishingkillsupto100millionanimalseachyear,6.(endanger)severaldifferentspeciesIfyou'rebittenbyashark,youwillbeagonerYouaremorethantwiceaslikely7.(die)fromalightningstrikeasfromasharkbite,accordingtotheFloridaMuseum'sInternationalSharkAttackFile(ISAF)“Evenifyouarebitten,thelarge8.(major)ofpeoplesurvive”,saysDrChapmanThere9.(be)sixty-sixunprovoked(无端的)sharkbiteincidentsaroundtheworldin2018,onlysixof10.weredangerous,accordingtotheISAFWhydon’tbirdsgetlostontheirlongflightsfromoneplacetoanother?Notlongago,experimentsshowedthatbirdsrely1.thesuntoguidethemduringdaylighthoursButwhataboutbirds2.flybynight?TestswithartificialstarshaveprovedthatcertainnightflyingbirdsareabletofollowthestarsintheirlongdistanceflightsAdovehadspentitslifetimeinacageandhadneverflownundera3.(nature)skyYet4.showedaninbornabilitytousethestarsforguidanceThebird'scage5.(place)underanartificialstar-filledskyThebirdtriedtoflyinthesamedirectionasthat6.(take)byhisoutdoorcousinsAnychangeinthepositionofthemake-believestarscaused7.changeinthedirectionofhisflightScientiststhinkthatdoves,when8.(fly)indaylight,usethesunforguidanceButthestarsareobviouslytheirmainmeansofflightWhatdotheydo9.thestarsarehiddenbyclouds?Apparently,theyfindtheirwaybysuchlandmarksasmountainranges,coastlines,andrivercoursesButwhenit'stoodarktoseethese,thedovescircle10.(help),unabletogettheirpositionSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)RichandFamousTwentyyearsagothemostcommonambitionofAmericanchildrenwastobeateacher,followedbyworkinginbankingandfinance,andthenmedicine.Buttoday’ssituationisquitedifferent.1、Insteadtheymostcommonlysaytheywanttobeasportsstar,apopstar,oranactor—inotherwords,theyhopetobecomeacelebrity.Accordingtoexperts,youngpeopledesirethesejobslargelybecauseofthewealthandthefame.2、Let’stakeathletesandsingersasanexample.Theircareersareshort-lived.Manyathletes’besttimeonlylastsafewyearsandsingerscanhaveaverylimitedcareer.Thefieldthatwasoncethefocusoftheirlivesbecomessomethingtheyhavelittleornoinvolvementin.Asaresult,they’llhaveafeelingofworthlessnessandalackofcontrol.3、Thetruthisquitesimple:theyhavebeensofarremovedfromitforsolong.Inspiteofthesedisadvantages,thereisgreaterambitionthaneveramongyoungpeopletoachievethatstatus.Theyarenotsatisfiedjustmakingaliving—theywanttoberichandfamous.Globally,moreandmoreTVshowsprovidetalentcompetitionswherewinnerscanachievetheirgoalsinjustafewweeksormonths.4、Theyunrealisticallybelievethatthislifestyleiseasilyobtainedandleadstogreatsatisfaction.Whilemanypeoplearguethatthereisnothingwrongwithhavingsuchambitions,othersfeelthatthistrendwillfinallyleadtodissatisfactionasmoreandmorepeopleareunabletoreachtheirgoals.5、Thatmeanstheyignorethesimplefactthatgreateffortisneededbeforesuccess.Asaresult,manypeoplewon’trealizetheirchildhooddreams,whichcouldhaveanegativeeffectontheirhappiness.A.Inmanywaysthishasbeenbroughtaboutbythecelebrityculture.B.Peoplenolongerhaveasenseofsatisfactiononcetheirgoalshavebeenachieved.C.Besides,itcanbedifficultforthemtoadaptbacktoanormaleverydaylife..Theyoungergenerationdon’tfavortheseprofessionsanymore.E.Unfortunately,theydonotalwayshaveapositiveeffectonpeople’slife.F.Thereasonisthattheydon’trealizeittakestalentandhardworktoberichandfamous.G.Thisquickwayofgainingwealthandfamecreatesacelebritycultureamongpeople.JohannesGutenbergwaschosentobethemostimportantfigureofthepastmillennium(千年)bythemedia.Youmaynotbefamiliarwithhim.1、Gutenbergispraisedforhavinginventedtheprintingpressandthereforepreparingthewayforprintingbooks.Hewasbornintoawealthy

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