福建省泉州市泉港区2023年考研《英语一》预测试卷含解析

福建省泉州市泉港区2023年考研《英语一》预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Iwon’tforgetmyvoluntaryexperienceawhileback.Italwaysremindsmewhatpeopletrulyneedisnotalwaysso1.Thisstoryisalessonwhichhasstayedwithmeandhelpedmeeversince.ItwasThanksgivingandIwasvolunteeringwithmymotherata2fortheneedy.Westoodbehindthecounter3foodtowhoevercamein.Itseemedthatmostofourdinershadbeenhaving4times.Theirclotheswereragged,wornanddry;theywerehungryandtired.5,theylookedneedy!Whenwewerebusywiththeunluckyfellows,awell-dressedmancameinwholooked6butpoor.Iwonderedwhathewasdoingthereandmyjawdroppedin7whenhejoinedthelineforfood.Thecloserhecametomyservicestation,themoreImuttered.Whatwasthismandoing?Iwantedtoknow.Surelyhewasn’tgoingtotakethefood8forthosereallyinneed!Hehadsmalltalkswith9andthelookonhisfacesuggestedthathejustwishedto10beingalone.Thenmymother11tookmetooneside,saying,“Youhave12thattheneedsofthepeoplewhocomeheremustbepurely13:hunger,inadequateshelter,clothing,etc.Butthisgentlemanseemstohavenoneofthoseproblems.Whatifhisneedsareemotional?Whatifheneeds14,friends,orjusttobeamongotherhumanbeings?”Herwords15melikeatonofbricks!IfeltlikeIshouldapologizetotheman,butIdidn’t.Aboutaweeklater,froman16source,theshelterreceivedalargedonation.Ican’thelpbut17ifitcamefromthatman.Now,wheneverImeetothers,Iremembermymother’swordsandtrytosendkindnessandblessingstothem,18howtheylook.Needsaren’talwaysvisible.Maybeemotional19isnotonlytheloneliestfeeling,butthemostdifficultneedtoget20.Butkindnessalwaysmakesadifference.1、A．immediate B．universal C．obvious D．similar2、A．station B．hospital C．canteen D．shelter3、A．distributing B．processing C．appointing D．reserving4、A．enjoyable B．smooth C．rough D．permanent5、A．Invain B．InBrief C．Inparticular D．Incontrast6、A．anything B．nothing C．everything D．something7、A．sorrow B．amazement C．delight D．relief8、A．lent B．paid C．meant D．rewarded9、A．theorganizer B．thevolunteer C．thedonor D．thepoor10、A．escape B．appreciate C．compromise D．represent11、A．violently B．quietly C．angrily D．curiously12、A．grasped B．supposed C．doubted D．confirmed13、A．practical B．mental C．personal D．physical14、A．food B．income C．comfort D．clothes15、A．hit B．persuaded C．attracted D．injured16、A．unbelievable B．unique C．unwilling D．unknown17、A．forecast B．wonder C．imagine D．reflect18、A．regardlessof B．butfor C．apartfrom D．dueto19、A．support B．character C．behavior D．hunger20、A．advocated B．solved C．met D．providedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Flyingforalongtime,youfinallyarriveattheplacewhereyoucanrelax—yourhotelroom.Nowyouthrowyourbagonthebed,turnontheTVandwatchaninternationalnewsprogrammeonasatellitechannelprobablyfromUKortheUSA．ThemaininternationalbroadcastersareBBCWorldandCNN.Withanaudienceofover1.5billionpeople,thesearepopularchannelsthatoffergood-qualitynewsprogrammes.Inbothcompanies,thejournalistsareexperiencedwritersthatproducejournalismofahighstandard.However,therearealternativenewschannelswhichpeoplewatchbecausetheywantalesstraditionalornon-Westernviewonworldevents.RussiaTodayandAlJazeeraInternational,anArabiccompany,areinternationalchannelsthatbroadcastinEnglish.Bothcompaniessaytheygiveafreshviewonbigstories,andtheirexperiencedjournalistsoftenreportfromplaceswhereWesternjournalistsdonotwork,andsotheygiveusstoriesthatwedon’tnormallysee.TheInternetoffersmorevariety.OneWorldTVisanInternetsitewhereyoucanfindstoriesaboutthedevelopingworldandhumanrights,ratherthantheusualstoriesaboutUSpoliticsandbusiness.Thewritersforthiscompanyareoftenlocalpeoplewhowritethestoriesforfree.Thisnon-professionaljournalismisincreasing,anditcertainlyoffersmorechoices.Thisincreaseincitizenjournalismmeansthatyoucanwritethenews,too.Mainnewsbroadcastersoftenusephotographsandstoriesthatmembersofthegeneralpublicsendtothem,especiallywhenthereisadramaticbreakingnewsstory.Besidesthis,someblogsarepopularsourcesofnews,andthewebsiteNowPublicletsyouwritestoriesusinginformationyoucangetfromanywhere,includingsiteslikeYoutube,FlickrandTwitter.1、Thefirstparagraphismeantto.A．offerasuggestionB．giveawarningC．explainareasonD．introducethetopic2、Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatmoreandmorepeoplewill.A．prefertoreadlocalnewsB．paymoreattentiontoworldnewsC．startacareerincitizenjournalismD．giveupwatchingTVnewsprogrammes3、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheLatestLocalNewsB．MoreChoicesforNewsC．TheEndofTVNewsD．TraditionalWorldNewsText2WhatCocktailPartiesTeachUsYou’reataparty.Musicisplaying.Glassesareclinking.Dozensofconversationsaredrivingupthedecibel(分贝)level.Yetamongallthosedistractions,youcantuneyourattentiontojustonevoicefrommany.Thisabilityiswhatresearcherscallthe“cocktail-partyeffect”.ScientistsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanFranciscohavefoundwherethatsound-editingprocessoccursinthebrain—intheauditorycortex(听觉皮层)justbehindtheear,notinareasofhigherthought.Theauditorycortexboostssomesoundsandturnsdownotherssothatwhenthesignalreachesthehigherbrain,“it’sasifonlyonepersonwasspeakingalone,”saysinvestigatorEdwardChang.Thesefindings,publishedinthejournalNaturelastweek,explainwhypeoplearen’tverygoodatmultitasking—ourbrainsarewiredfor“selectiveattention”andcanfocusononlyonethingatatime.Thatinborn

ability

hashelpedhumans

survive

inaworldbuzzingwithvisualandauditorystimulation(刺激).Butwekeep

trying

topushthelimitswithmultitasking,sometimeswith

tragic

(悲剧的)consequences.Driverstalkingoncellphones,forexample,arefourtimesaslikelytogetinto

traffic

accidentsasthosewhoaren’t.Manyofthoseaccidentsaredueto“inattentionalblindness”,inwhichpeoplecan,ineffect,turnablindeyetothingstheyaren’tfocusingon.Themoreattentionataskdemands,thelessattentionwecanpaytootherthingsinourfieldofvision.Imageslandonourretinas(视网膜)andareeitherboostedorplayeddowninthevisualcortexbeforebeingpassedtothebrain,justastheauditorycortexfilterssounds,asshownintheNaturestudylastweek.“It’sapush-pull

relationship

—themorewefocusononething,thelesswecanfocusonothers,”saysDianeM.Beck,an

associate

professorof

psychology

attheUniversityofIllinois.Studiesoverthepast

decade

attheUniversityofUtahshowthatdriverstalkingonhands-freecellphonesarejustasinfluencedasthoseonhands-heldphonesbecauseitistheconversation,notthedevice,thatisdistractingtheirattention.Thosetalkingonanykindofcellphonereactmoreslowlyandmissmoretrafficsignalsthanothermotorists.Somepeoplecantrainthemselvestopayextraattentiontothingsthatareimportant—likepoliceofficerslearntoscancrowdsforfacesandconductorscanlistenforindividualinstrumentswithinthe

orchestra

asawhole.Manymorethinktheycaneffectivelymultitask,butareactuallyshiftingtheirattentionrapidlybetweentwothingsandnotgettingthefulleffectofeither,expertssay.1、WhathavescientistsinUniversityofCaliforniafoundabout“thecocktail-partyeffect”?A．Usuallythereisonlyonepersonwhoisspeakingalone.B．Allkindsofannoyingsoundsdriveupthedecibellevel.C．Thehigherbrainprocessessoundsandimagesselectively.D．Soundsaresortedoutbeforereachingthehigherbrain.2、Whatdowelearnfromthepassage?A．Wearebiologicallyincapableofmultitasking.B．Wesurvivedistractionsinlifebymultitasking.C．Wecannotmultitaskwithoutextraattention.D．Webenefitfrompushingthelimitwithmultitasking.3、Whichofthefollowingisanexampleof“inattentionalblindness”?A．Acarelessdriverlosthiseyesightafteracaraccident.B．Policescannedthecrowdsandlocatedthecriminal.C．Amanagertalkedonahands-freephonewithhisclient.D．Apedestrianhadacaraccidentbecauseofphubbing(低头).4、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A．compareandcontrastB．informandexplainC．argueanddiscussD．examineandevaluateText3LyingalongsidemountainsofsmellygarbageundertheSouthAmericansun,CateuraisalongwayfromtheconservatoriesofPragueorVienna.Yetthetownship,whichgrewoutofParaguay'slargestdump(垃圾场),isgainingareputationasahothouseformusicaltalentandforitsyouthorchestra(管弦乐队)thatplaysinstrumentsmadefromgarbage."Theworldsendsusgarbage.Wesendbackmusic,"saysFavioChavez,leaderofthe"RecycledOrchestra,"duringarecentvisitbythegrouptoLosAngeles.Orchestramembers,poorchildrenfromCateura,playviolinsfashionedfromoventraysandguitarsmadefromdessertdishes.Theorchestraprovidestheyoungstersanoutletandanescape,achancetogobeyondthemessoftheirslum(贫民窟)throughthemusicofMozart,andevenSinatra."Inthebeginning,itwasdifficulttoplay,"saysthel0-year-oldviolinistCelesteFleitas."ButFaviohelpedmelearnovertime.FromFavio,IhavelearnedtobemoreresponsibleandvaluethethingsIhave."Thedestinationformorethan1,500tonsofwasteeachday,thecommunityhasnosafedrinkingwaterandlittleaccesstoelectricityorsanitation(卫生设施).Illiteracyissevere,andthechildrenofthetownshipoftenfallintodrugs,violenceandcrimes.FavioChavez,amusicaltalent,cametoCateuraasanenvironmentaltechnicianin2006andstartedayouthmusicschool.Heknewshop-boughtinstrumentswerebeyondthemeansofvillagerswhoseshedsareworthlessthanaviolin,soheapproachedacarpentertomakesomeoutofwastefromthedump.TheorchestracaughttheeyeofParaguayanfilmmakerAlejandraAmarilla.SheuploadedashortpieceoftheorchestratoYouTubein2012,hopingtosecurecrowdfundingforwhatwouldbecomeLandfillHarmonic,adocumentaryreleasedacrosstheUnitedStatesthismonthandpromotingtheyoungstersonatouroftheworld'smusichallslateron.1、Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．YoungsterscarrytunesfromgarbagetovictoryB．AmusictalenthittheroadtotheworldstageC．AtownformusicfansD．Anorchestraonaglobaltour2、WhatdoweknowaboutCateura?A．Ithasraisedpeople'sawarenessofrecyclingtrashB．IthascaughtmoreattentionthroughtheorchestraC．Itrecyclesmorethanl,500tonsofrubbishperdayD．Itprovidesitschildrenwithbetterschoolingconditions3、WhydidAlejandraAmarillauploadapieceoftheorchestratoYouTube?A．ToassisttheyoungsterswithaworldtourB．TocollectfundingforadocumentaryC．ToorganizecarpenterstomakeinstrumentsD．TocatchtheeyeoftheParaguaygovernment4、WhatcanwelearnfromFavioChavez?A．ToworkinateamweighsmoreB．TorecyclethingsistoconservethingsC．TobecreativeisaqualityofaleaderD．ToownnothingisnoexcusetodonothingText4Ithasbeenseenasahi-techbike-sharingboomthatentrepreneurshopewillmakethemrichwhiletransformingChina'straffic-jammedcities.But,occasionally,dreamscanturnlesspleasant.InthesouthernChinesecityofShenzhen,morethan500bicyclesforhirehavebeenfounddumpedinhugepilesonthestreets,accordingtoreports.Picturesshowedvehiclesnearlythreemetreshigh,withsmallpartsontheground.Citystreetsaroundthecountryhaveseenanexplosionofthecolourfulbikesthatuserscanrentondemandwithasmartphoneappandthenparkwherevertheychoose.ThesharingeconomyistakingoffinChina,whereride-sharingandAirbnbareincreasinglycommonplace.FromShanghaitoSichuanprovince,bike-sharingarebeingstartedinanefforttoreducetrafficjamandairpollutionbyputtingacountryonceknownasthe“KingdomofBicycles”backontwowheels.CompaniessuchasOfoandMobike,withtheiryellowandorangebikes,havebeeninacut-throatbattleforcustomers.Butproblemshavearisenwhenclientshaveabandonedtheircycles.“Somepeoplethesedaysjusthavereallybadcharacter,’’amannamedHe，wholivesnearwherethepilesappeared,toldtheSouthernMetropolisDaily.Whenthey'redoneusing(thebike)theyjustthrowitawaysomewhere,becausethey'vealreadypaid.Residentstoldthepaperthathikeshadbeenpilingupoverthepastweek,eitherparkedrandombycarelessusersorpiledbylocalsecurityguardstryingtoclearnarrowresidentialalleysandfootpaths.ZhuangChuangyu,arepresentativeatShenzhen'smunicipalpeoplescongress,saidthecityneededtostepupregulationofthebike-sharingindustryinordertoimproveconditionsandsafetystandards,especiallysinceschoolchildrenoftenusedthebikes.In1980,almost63%ofcommuterscycledtowork,theBeijingMorningPostreportedin2015,citinggovernmentdata.Butby2000thatnumberhaddecreasedto38%andtodayitstandsatlessthan12%.Caruse,meanwhile,hasrocketed.In2010ChinaovertooktheUStobecometheworldslargestcarmarket,with13.5mvehiclessoldinjust12months.1、Theunderlinedword“Dreams”inParagraph2doesnotinclude.A．entrepreneursmakingalotofmoneyB．hike-sharingboomC．vehiclesbeingusedwellD．transformingChina’straffic-jammedcities2、Whatismentionedaboutthesharingeconomy?A．Itreferstosmartphonesandapps.B．Chinahastakenastepinit.C．Airbnbhasbeenacommonthing.D．ItiswidespreadacrossChina.3、Whatcanweinferfromthefourthparagraph?A．OfoandMobikeareyellowandorangebikes.B．OfoandMobikehavereallybadcharacter.C．OfoandMobikecausetheclientstoabandontheircycles.D．OfoandMobikeareincompetitionwitheachother.4、Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A．Carelessusersandlocalguardsaretoblameforthepilingbikes.B．Manyuserslackproperbehaviorinusingthebikes.C．Regulationsshouldbestrictforschoolchildren.D．ChinaovertooktheUSbecominghackontwowheels.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)MyclassmatesandIhadareallyunforgettableexperience，whichmadeusveryhappyWepaidavisit1．Lucy’shouseyesterdayWedidn’thavedifficultyfindingherhousebecauseshe2．(give)uscleardirectionsWhenwearrivedatherhouse,hermotherwaspreparingfoodforusThenwebegantohelpwiththecookingAboutanhourlater,thefoodwasready,andwesatatthetableenjoyingthedeliciousfoodincludingfishand3．(vegetable)FinallywewenttoAnn’sroomwherewewatchedourfavouriteTVprogrammetogether4．(decorate)withflowersandballoons,theroomwaswarmandcomfortableCarryisafellowstudentofmineHesuffersfromcerebralpalsy（大脑性麻痹），whichmakesitalmostimpossibleforhimtocontrolhismovementsAsaresult,hespendshislifeinawheelchairandcannotwrite1．meansofapenorpencilAndhespeakssoslowlyandstrangely2．ittakespatiencetounderstandwhatheissayingThis,togetherwithhisthin,twistedbodyandawkward3．(face)expressions,canoftencausepeopletotreathimasifhewereabackwardchildHowever,behindhisphysical4．(appear),Carryisawarm,fun-loving,intelligentpersonHismuscles5．(affect),nothismindorpersonalityHeenjoysthesamethinganystudentdoes---6．(listen)tomusic,meetingfriendsandsoon---andhenotisthebeststudentinourclass,butalsohas7．excellentsenseofhumourandagenuineinterestinotherpeopleUnabletoexpresshimself8．(easy)inconversation,heusesaspecialtypewritertowriteletterstohisfriends,andbeautiful9．(poem)Helivesaveryregularlife,studyingeverydayandneverallowing10．(he)tofallbehindinhisschoolworkSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Riseandshine!Morningtimejustbecameyournewbestfriend.Loveitorhateit,usingthemorninghoursbeforeworkmaybethekeytoasuccessfulandhealthylifestyle.1、Inaddition,thehealthbenefitsforthosewithalifebeforeworkgoonandon.Letsexplore4ofthethingssuccessfulpeopledobefore8am.Exercise.Mostpeoplethatworkoutdaily,workoutinthemorning.ExercisingbeforeworkgivesyouanincreaseofenergyforthedayandasenseofaccomplishmentEvenifyouaren’tbrighteyedandbushytailedatthethoughtofa5amjog,trywakingup15minutesearlyforaquickbedsidesetofpushupsorstretching.2、MapOutYourDay.Maximizeyourpotentialbymappingoutyourschedulefortheday,aswellasyourgoalsandtodos.Themorningisagoodtimeforthisasitisoftenoneoftheonlyquiettimesapersongetsthroughouttheday.Theearlyhoursfostereasierreflectionthathelpswhenprioritizing(优先)youractivities.3、Visualizeyourday.4、Themorningistheperfecttimetospendsomequiettimeinsideyourmindplanningorvisualizing.Takeamomenttovisualizeyourdayaheadofyou,focusingonthesuccessesyouwillhave.Evenjustaminuteofvisualizationandpositivethinkingcanhelpimproveyourmoodandoutlookonyourworkloadfortheday.5、Weallhavethatoneitemonourtodolistthatwefear.Ittroublesyouallday(orweek)untilyoufinallydoitaftermuchprocrastination(拖延).Insteadofanticipatingtheunpleasantnessofitfromfirstcoffeethroughyourlunchbreak,dothatleastdesirabletaskonyourlistfirst.Themorningisthetimewhenyouaregenerallymorewellrestedandyourenergylevelisup.Therefore,youaremorewellequippedtohandlemoredifficultprojects.Lookatitthisway,andyourdaywillgetprogressivelyeasier,nottheotherwayaround.Bythetimeyourworkdayisending,you’rewindingdownwitheasiertodosandheadingintoyourfreetimemorerelaxed.Success!A．Connectsocially,B．MakeYourDayTopHeavy.C．It’llhelpwakeupyourbody,andprepareyouforyourday.D．Whilescheduling,don’tforgetaboutyourphysicalhealth.E.Morningpeoplehavebeenfoundtobemoreactiveandmoreproductive.F.Theyalsoallowforuninterruptedproblemsolvingwhentryingtofiteverythingintoyourtimetable.G.Thesedayswetalkaboutourphysicalhealthendlessly,butsome