2021年河南省南阳市宛城区中考英语二模试卷

2021年河南省南阳市宛城区中考英语二模试卷

二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题10分，共40分)阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按要求答

题

1.(10分)

InternationalShortStoryWritingCompetition

OurnextInternationalShortStoi*yCompetitionwillbeheldinJuly202Litisopento

studentatschoolallovertheworld.

Asusual,itisfree.Youcanwinprizemoney,certificatesandpublicationopportunities.

CompetitionRules

•Deadlineforthecompetitionisthe10thofJuly2021,Winnerswillbeannouncedon

August4.2021,onthiswebsite.

•ThestoryhastobewritteninEnglish.

•Drawingsandphotosarenotallowed.

•Youcanchooseyourowntopic.

•Onlyonestoryisacceptedperperson.

•Thecompetitionwillbeinthreegroups：

①Sub-junior(7-9years)②Junior(10-12years)③Senior(13-16years)

•Therequiredlengthofthestoryisasfollows：

@Sub-junior：300+words©Junior：500+words③Senior：700+words

•Mentionthefollowinginformationbelowyourstory：

©Fullname©Dateofbirth③Groupentered

©Titleofyourstory⑤Wordcount(includingthetitle)

©Emailaddress-parenfs/teacher'semailaddresscanbeusedhereifnecessary.

⑦Schoolname⑧Country

•Amystorythatiscopiedwillnotbeaccepted.

•Therewillbethreewinnersineachgroup.Theprizesforallgroupsareasfollows：

Firstprize：$75，certificate,andpublicationonthewebsite

Secondprize：$50,certificate,andpublicationonthewebsite

Thirdprize：$25,certificate,andpublicationonthewebsite

WordBank

certificate证书

publication发表

deadline截止日期

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

(1)Whatdoweknowaboutthiscompetition?

A.Itisanationalevent.

B.Itisopentoallages.

C.Itisfree.

D.ItisheldinAugust.

(2)Whatofthestorycanbechosenfreely?

A.Language.

B.Topic.

C.Length.

D.Form.

(3)Whichofthefollowinginformationmustbeincludedbelowyourstory?

A.Teacher'sname.

B.Phonenumber.

C.Parentsemailaddress.

DSchoolname.

(4)Howmanywinnerswilltherebeinthiscompetition?

A.3.

B.6.

C.9.

D.12.

(5)Whatwillhappentoeachwinner?

A.Winacertificate.

B.Receivealeastprizeof$50.

C.Getacopyofallthewinningstories.

D.Havehis/herstoryprintedinamagazine.

2.(10分)OnthesecondfloorofabiggarageinNewYorkCity,63-year-oldNelsonMolina

waslisteningtoaCDhehadfoundintherubbish.ThesongTheWayYouLookTonightwas

playingthroughamusicplayer.Infact,allthespacewasfullofthingsstrangershadthrown

away."Myfamilykepteverything,"saidMolina."Now,peoplethrowitallaway."Molina,

duringhis34yearsasasanitationworker,gavethesethingsasecondlife.

Molinagrewupinapoorareawithhisparentsandfiveotherkidsinthefamilyand

developedahabitofpickingupthingsthatcouldstillbeusedatayoungage."Myfamilywas

poor,sowedidn'tgetmuchforChristmas,"hesaid."I'dgoouttolookforatoyformy

sisters,ormaybeatruckformybrothers.nHekepthishabitsecretfromhisfriends,butnotout

ofshame.Hejustdidn'twantthecompetition.

Onthejob,Molinahadhissixthsenseforfindinggems.Hecouldtellwhetherabagwas

fullofbottlesoradifferentkindofglassjustbysound.Hekeptspecialfindsonthetruck,and

thenputtheminout-of-the-wayplacesinthegarage.Afteralmost10years,hebegan

showinghisdiscoveries.Recently,ateamofNewYorkUniversitystudentshastakenonthejob

ofsortingthetensofthousandsofobjects,inthehopethatthecollection,whichhashardly

beenopentothepublic,mightonedaybeshowninasanitationmuseum.

WordBank

garage车库

sanitation公共卫生

根据材料内容选择最佳答案

(1)WhatdoweknowaboutthegarageinNewYorkCity?

A.Itisonthefirstfloor.

B.Itissmallinsize.

C.Itisalwaysfullofstrangers.

D.Itisanewhomeformanyoldthings.

(2)WhichwordcandescribeMolinaasachild?

A.Caring.

B.Brave.

C.Confident.

D.Strong.

(3)WhatdidMolinaworrymighthappenifhisfriendsknewhishabit?

A.Theywouldstophim.

B.Theywouldjoinhim.

C.Theywouldmakefunofhim.

D.Theywouldnolongerbehisfriends.

(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gem"probablymeaninthelastparagraph?

A.Somethingunused.

B.Somethingclean.

C.Somethingvaluable.

□.Somethingunbroken.

(5)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.RichandPoor

B.LostandFound

C.A11KindsofWaste

D.ASanitationWorker'sJob

3.(10分)Humanshavemanyinstinctivebehaviors.Wecanyawnandlaughfrombirth.Why?

Maybewecan'tanswerthequestionimmediately.Butweknowthateveryoneyawnsinthe

samewayandlaughsinthesameway.

Aboutyawning,wealsoknowthatitiscontagious.Whenweseeyawn,weyawn,

too.Manypeoplesaythattheyyawnbecausetheyareboredortired.Someonebelievesthatthe

manwhoyawnsalotislazierthanotherpeople.Thismightbetrue.However,weknowthat's

peoplealsoyawnwhentheyareexcitedornervous.Forexample,Olympicrunners,oftenyawn

beforearace.Whyisthat?

Somescientistsbelievethatyawningmakesusbeabletothinkornoticethings

quickly.Whenweyawn,webreathemoredeeply.Wealsostretchthemusclesinourfaceand

neck.Maybethismakesusbecarefulofthethingsaround.

Aboutlaughing,scientistssaythatpeoplelaughabout17timesaday.Theybelievethat

laughterisgoodforus.Why?Foronething,isgoodexerciseWhenwelaugh,weexercise

manymusclesourbody.Scientistssaythatonehundredlaughsequalstenminutesof

running.Whenwelaugh,wealsobreathedeeply.Thishelpsusrelax.That'sgoodforus,too

Whydopeoplelaugh?Thatisahardquestiontoanswer.Weknowthatpeoplelaughmore

ofteninagroup.Theydon'tlaughveryoftenwhentheyarealone.Manyscientistsbelievethat

weuselaughtertoconnecttootherpeople.Laughterhelpsusbepartofagroupinashorttime.

Somepeoplesaythatlaughteristhebestmedicine.Somethinkthatlaughterhelpssick

peoplegetwell.Doyouagree?

WordBank

instinctive本能的

yawn打哈欠

stretch舒展

muscle肌肉

laughter笑；笑声

equal相当于

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

(1)WhichofthefollowingaboutyawningisTRUE?

A.Peopleyawnindifferentways.

B.Peopleyawnonlywhentheyaretiredorbored.

C.Yawningmakespeoplelazier.

D.Peoplemayyawnbeforeabigtest.

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"contagiousHmeaninChinese?

A.不雅的.

B.神秘的.

C.传染的.

D.连续的.

(3)Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?

A.Thecauseofyawning.

B.Theprocessofyawning.

C.Thewayofyawning.

D.Theeffectofyawning.

(4)Whatcanweknowaboutlaughterfromthetext?

A.Itcanhelppeoplethinkquickly.

B.Itcanmakeonejoinothersquickly.

D.Itequalsmedicine.

C.Itisthebestwaytoexercise.

(5)Whichisthesimilaritybetweenyawningandlaughing?

A.Wecandothemwithoutlearning.

B.Webreathesmoothlywhendoingthem.

C.Wedothem17timesaday.

D.Wedon'tdothemveryoftenwhenwearealone.

4.(10分)Whatdowereallymeanbybeingopen?

Beingopenisakindofinvitationtoletotherscomein.(1)Inthiswaywewillbe

understoodandacceptedbyotherswell.Ifwearen'topentoothers,wewon'tbefullybelieved

in.

(2)First,makeyouroutsidebehaviorthesamewithyourinsidefeelingsand

thoughts.Second,sharehowyoureallyfeelaboutsomethinginsteadofjustopinions.Third,try

tochangeyourquestionsintostatementsandtalkinthefirstpersonsothatpeoplewill

understandyoumoreeasily.Forexample,youmightsay,"IfeelhappythatyouYehere,

"insteadof,nAreyougladthatyou*rehere?Finally,trynottosay,"1don'tknow."(3)_

Alsorememberthatitisnotsuitabletobemoreopentoeveryoneineverysituation.

Youcanbemoreopentoyourclosefriends,butnottopeopleyoudon'tknowwell,

becauseyouarenotsurehowsomeoneelsewillusewhattheyknowaboutyou.(4)If

wesayeverythingwefeelorthinktothem,theywillfeelveryuncomfortableattimes.

Inalbbeingopenisagoodwayforustogetonwellwithotherpeople,butwe'dbetter

keepthebalancebetweenbeingopenandnotbeingtooopen.(5).

WordBank

balance平衡

根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最住选项，使短文意思通顺，

内容完整。

A.Thisusuallymeansyoudon'twanttothinkaboutitanymore.

B.Ifwedoitwell,notonlycanwebecomepopular,butwewon'tbehurtbecauseofbeing

open.

C.Itisimportanttoletothersgettoknowhowwethinkandfeel.

D.Hereareafewwaysforyoutobemoreopen.

E.Besides,somepeoplemaynotbeusedtotoomuchopenness.

三、完型填空(15小题，每小题15分，共15分)先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后

从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。

5.(15分)Acouplehadtwolittleboys,ages8and10,whowereverynaughty.They(1)got

intotroubleandtheirparentsknewthat,ifanymischiefhappenedintheirtown,theirsonswere

probably(2).

Theboy'smotherheardthataclergymanintownhadbeen(3)indealingwith

naughtychildren,sosheaskedifhewould(4)withherboys.Theclergymanagreed,

butwantedtoseethem(5).

Sothemothersenther8-year-oldfirstinthemorning,withtheelderboytoseethe

clergymanintheafternoon

Theclergyman,ahugemanwithaloud(6),sattheyoungerboydownandasked

himseriously,"(7)isGod?M

Theboy'smouthdroppedopen,buthemadenoreply,(8)therewithhismouth

hangingopen,wide-eyed.(9)theclergymanrepeatedthequestioninanevenmore

seriousvoice/1Where'sGod!!?"againtheboymade(10)trytoanswer.Seeingthis,

theclergymanshookhisfingerintheboy*sfaceandshoutedthequestionouttohimatthetop

ofhisvoiceforthe(11)time,nWHEREISGOD?

Theboywasso(12)thathescreamedandranawayfromtheroom,crying.Heran

directlyhomeandhurriedintothecupboard,closingthedoorheavily.Whenhiselderbrother

foundhim(13)thecupboard,heasked,"Whathappened?”

Theyoungerbrotherrepliedina/an(14)voice,nWeareinbigtroublethis

time.Godismissing-andtheythinkWE(15)it!”

WordBank

naughty淘气的

mischief恶作剧

clergyman牧师

scream尖叫

(1)A.neverB.seldomC.sometimesD.always

(2)A.invitedB.consideredC.punishedD.forced

(3)A.successfulB.interestedC.honestD.lucky

(4)A.compareB.beginC.agreeD.speak

(5)A.naturalB.secretlyCseparatelyD.quietly

(6)A.voiceB.cryC.laughD.call

(7)A.WhoB.WhereC.HowD.What

(8)A.restingB.standingC.SittingD.lying

(9)A.OrB.SoC.ButD.For

(10)A.someB.anotherC.anyD.no

(II)A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.fourth

(12)A.disappointedB.excitedC.shyD.afraid

(13)A.inB.outsideC.nearD.behind

(14)A.suggestedB.nervousC.weakD.funny

(15)A.suggestedB.heardC.didD.shared

四、语篇填空(15小题，每小题10分，共15分)第一节:阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的

词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。

6.(10分)patient/work/they/strong/online/sudden/spread/one/after/pull

DuringthepandemicofCOVID-19inearly2020,thereweremanyheroesfromall

walksoflife."Dalianxiaohua"JiangWenqiangisoneof(1).

InFebruary2020,JiangwasonatrainfromShanghaitoChangsha,HunanProvince.

Whenthetrain(2)intoWuhan,hewastoldthatitwasforWuhanpassengers

only.

Everyoneinthetrain,includingJiang,mustgetoffit,Jiangdidn'thavefamilyorfriends

inWuhan.Hetoldhimselfthathecouldn'tliveonthestreet,sohesearched(3)and

finallyfoundajobinWuhanNo.lHospital.ltofferedhimfreefoodandaplacetolive,buthe

hadtoworktosendmealsto(4)andtakeouttherubbisheveryday."Itwasvery

stressful.Fearanddespairfilledmymindat(5)"hesaid.Butwhenhelearnedhow

hardthedoctorsandnurseswereworkingtofightCOVID-19,heknewheshouldbethe(6)

backuptothoseheroes.Quicklyhewonthetrustofdoctors,nursesandpatients.Luckily,(7)

aboutonemonthandahalfJiangwentbackhometoDalian."ItwasanexperienceIwill

rememberfortherestofmylife,°Jiangsaid.

(8)inJuly2020,DalianreportednewlocalcasesofCOVID-19.Thefight

againstthevirusstartedagain,Jiangdecidedtodosomethingwiththeskillshehadlearnedin

Wuhanmonthsearlier.Heworkedasavolunteertosendmealsanddocleaning

(9).Hesaid,"Ijustwanttodosomethingformyhometown.

Jiang'sstorywasreportedand(10)widely.Hemakespeoplebelievethatevery

ordinarypersoncanbeahero.

WordBank

pandemic疫情

stressful有压力的

despair绝望

backup后援

virus病毒

第二节:阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。

7・(5分)1wasatthesupermarkettodayandthereweretwolines.Onewasshortandtheotherwas

(1)bitlonger.Ofcourse,Ichosetheshorterone.JustasIwasstartingtoputmyobjects

down,amancameupbehindmewithonlyonething(2)buy.Itoldhimtogoaheadof

me.

Inthatlongerlinerightnexttomine,(3)wasamanwithalotofthings,and

behindhimwasaboywithjustoneobject.Andhetoldtheboytogoaheadofhim.

Maybethatgentlemansaw(4)Ididanddecidedtocopyme.Ormaybehediditall

onhisown.Itdoesn'treallymatter,doesit?

Rememberthatouractsofkindnessdon*talwaysjustaffecttheoneswe(5)being

kindto.Theymayencourageotherstobekind,too.

五、补全对话(5小题，每小题10分，共10分)根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上

一个适当的句子，使对话的意义连贯、完整。

8.(10分)A：Hi,Rick!(1)What'sthematter?

B：Ifeelsosleepy!

A：(2)

B：Yes.Iplayedmysmartphonetillmidnight.

A：(3)Youknow,smartphonesarebadforbothourstudyand

eyesight.

B：Isee,butIcan*tstopplayinggamesonit.(4)

A：Certainly.You'dbettertrytoreadmorebooks,domoresportsandsooninstead.Theycan

turnyourattentiontomeaningfulthing.

B：Soundsgreat!(5)Thanksalot.

A：You'rewelcome.

六、书面表达(共20分)

9.(20分)我们每个人的心中都有自己的榜样人物。请以"MyRoleModel”题，根据要点和

要求，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你心中的榜样人物。

(1)要点：

1)你心中的榜样人物是谁；

2)他/她是什么样的人；

3)为什么他/她是你的榜样人物。

(2)要求：

文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等相关信息；词数100左右；短文标题己给出，不计

入总词数。

MyRoleModel

2021年河南省南阳市宛城区中考英语二模试卷

参考答案与试题解析

二、阅读理解(20小题，每小题10分，共40分)阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按要求答

题

1.(10分)

InternationalShortStoryWritingCompetition

OurnextInternationalShortStoryCompetitionwillbeheldinJuly2021.Itisopento

studentatschoolallovertheworld.

Asusual,itisfree.Youcanwinprizemoney,certificatesandpublicationopportunities.

CompetitionRules

•Deadlineforthecompetitionisthe10thofJuly2021,Winnerswillbeannouncedon

August4.2021,onthiswebsite.

•ThestoryhastobewritteninEnglish.

•Drawingsandphotosarenotallowed.

•Youcanchooseyourowntopic.

•Onlyonestoryisacceptedperperson.

•Thecompetitionwillbeinthreegroups：

①Sub-junior(7-9years)©Junior(10-12years)③Senior(13-16years)

•Therequiredlengthofthestoryisasfollows：

©Sub-junior：300+words②Junior：500+words©Senior：700+words

•Mentionthefollowinginformationbelowyourstory：

①Fullname②Dateofbirth③Groupentered

©Titleofyourstory⑤Wordcount(includingthetitle)

⑥Emailaddress-parent^/teachefsemailaddresscanbeusedhereifnecessary.

⑦Schoolname⑧Country

•Amystorythatiscopiedwillnotbeaccepted.

•Therewillbethreewinnersineachgroup.Theprizesforallgroupsareasfollows：

Firstprize：$75，certificate,andpublicationonthewebsite

Secondprize：$50,certificate,andpublicationonthewebsite

Thirdprize：$25,certificate,andpublicationonthewebsite

WordBank

certificate证书

publication发表

deadline截止日期

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

(1)Whatdoweknowaboutthiscompetition?C

A.Itisanationalevent.

B.Itisopentoallages.

C.Itisfree.

D.ItisheldinAugust.

(2)Whatofthestorycanbechosenfreely?

A.Language.

B.Topic.

C.Length.

D.Form.

(3)Whichofthefollowinginformationmustbeincludedbelowyourstory?D

A.Teacher'sname.

B.Phonenumber.

C.Parentsemailaddress.

DSchoolname.

(4)Howmanywinnerswilltherebeinthiscompetition?C

A.3.

B.6.

C.9.

D.12.

(5)Whatwillhappentoeachwinner?A

A.Winacertificate.

B.Receivealeastprizeof$50.

C.Getacopyofallthewinningstories.

D.Havehis/herstoryprintedinamagazine.

【解答】(1)C.细节理解题。根据"Asusual,itisfree”可知，这个比赛和往常一样是免费

的。故选C。

(2)B.细节理解题。根据"Youcanchooseyourowntopic”可知，比赛的主题可以自己选

择。故选B。

(3)D.细节理解题。"Mentionthefollowinginformationbelowyourstory(在你的故

事下面提到以下信息)”中的信息”Schoolname”可知，在故事下面必须提到学校的名字。

故选D。

(4)C.推理计算题。根据"Thecompetitionwillbeinthreegroups：①Sub-junior(7-9

years)©Junior(10-12years)©Senior(13-16years)”比赛分为三个组：①低年级(7

-9岁)②低年级(10-12岁)③高年级(13-16岁)，以及"Therewillbethreewinnersin

eachgroup”每组3名优胜者。可知，这次比赛获胜者共有3X3=9人，故选C。

(5)A.细节理解题。根据"Therewillbethreewinnersineachgroup.Theprizesforallgroups

areasfollows：Firstprize：$75,certificate,andpublicationonthewebsite；Secondprize：

$50,certificate,andpublicationonthewebsite；Thirdprize：$25,certificate,andpublication

onthewebsite”每组3名优胜者。各组别的奖品如下：一等奖：$75,证书，网站发表；

二等奖：$50,证书，网站发表；三等奖：$25,证书，网站发表。可知，各组获得得

奖品中均包含"certificate”证书”，故选A。

2.(10OnthesecondfloorofabiggarageinNewYorkCity,63-year-oldNelsonMolina

waslisteningtoaCDhehadfoundintherubbish.ThesongTheWayYouLookTonightwas

playingthroughamusicplayer.Infact,allthespacewasfullofthingsstrangershadthrown

away."Myfamilykepteverything,"saidMolina."Now,peoplethrowitallaway.HMolina,

duringhis34yearsasasanitationworker,gavethesethingsasecondlife.

Molinagrewupinapoorareawithhisparentsandfiveotherkidsinthefamilyand

developedahabitofpickingupthingsthatcouldstillbeusedatayoungage."Myfamilywas

poor,sowedidn'tgetmuchforChristmas,*'hesaid."Tdgoouttolookforatoyformy

sisters,ormaybeatruckformybrothers."Hekepthishabitsecretfromhisfriends,butnotout

ofshame.Hejustdidn'twantthecompetition.

Onthejob,Molinahadhissixthsenseforfindinggems.Hecouldtellwhetherabagwas

fullofbottlesoradifferentkindofglassjustbysound.Hekeptspecialfindsonthetruck,and

thenputtheminout-of-the-wayplacesinthegarage.Afteralmost10years,hebegan

showinghisdiscoveries.Recently,ateamofNewYorkUniversitystudentshastakenonthejob

ofsortingthetensofthousandsofobjects,inthehopethatthecollection,whichhashardly

beenopentothepublic,mightonedaybeshowninasanitationmuseum.

WordBank

garage车库

sanitation公共卫生

根据材料内容选择最佳答案

(1)WhatdoweknowaboutthegarageinNewYorkCity?D

A.Itisonthefirstfloor.

B.Itissmallinsize.

C.Itisalwaysfullofstrangers.

D.Itisanewhomeformanyoldthings.

(2)WhichwordcandescribeMolinaasachild?A

A.Caring.

B.Brave.

C.Confident.

0.Strong.

(3)WhatdidMolinaworrymighthappenifhisfriendsknewhishabit?

A.Theywouldstophim.

B.Theywouldjoinhim.

C.Theywouldmakefunofhim.

D.Theywouldnolongerbehisfriends.

(4)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gemHprobablymeaninthelastparagraph?C

A.Somethingunused.

B.Somethingclean.

C.Somethingvaluable.

□.Somethingunbroken.

(5)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?D

A.RichandPoor

B.LostandFound

C.A11KindsofWaste

D.ASanitationWorker'sJob

【解答】(1)D.细节理解题。根据第一段Infact,allthespacewasfullofthingsstrangershad

thrownaway.事实上，所有的空间都装满了陌生人扔掉的东西。可知纽约城的这所车库是

很多旧东西的家，故选D。

(2)A.推理判断题。根据第二段Fdgoouttolookforatoyformysisters,ormaybeatruck

formybrothers.我外出为我的妹妹们寻找玩具，或者或许会为我的弟弟们寻找一辆卡车，

可知他会为弟弟妹妹们捡玩具，因此推断他是一个很体贴的人，故选A。

(3)B.细节理解题。根据第二段Hekepthishabitsecretfromhisfriends,butnotoutof

shame.Hejustdidn'twantthecompetition.他对朋友们隐瞒了自己的习惯，但这并非出于羞

耻。他只是不想竞争。可知他向朋友隐藏秘密的原因是害怕朋友和他竞争，即加入他，

故选B。

(4)C.词义猜测题。根据第三段Hecouldtellwhetherabagwasfullofbottlesoradifferent

kindofglassjustbysound.他可以通过声音分辨出,个袋子是装满瓶子还是另--种玻璃。

据此判断他可以通过第六感找到珍贵的东西，因此猜测划线单词的含义为宝贵的东西，

故选C。

(5)D.文章标题题。根据第一段Molina,duringhis34yearsasasanitationworker,gave

thesethingsasecondlife.莫利纳，在当环卫工人的34年间，给这些东西第二次生命，可

知本文主要讲了环卫工人的故事，因此判断本文最好的标题为一个环卫工人的工作，故

选Do

3.(10分)Humanshavemanyinstinctivebehaviors.Wecanyawnandlaughfrombirth.Why?

Maybewecan'tanswerthequestionimmediately.Butweknowthateveryoneyawnsinthe

samewayandlaughsinthesameway.

Aboutyawning,wealsoknowthatitiscontagious.Whenweseeyawn,weyawn,

too.Manypeoplesaythattheyyawnbecausetheyareboredortired.Someonebelievesthatthe

manwhoyawnsalotislazierthanotherpeople.Thismightbetrue.However,weknowthat's

peoplealsoyawnwhentheyareexcitedornervous.Forexample,Olympicrunners,oftenyawn

beforearace.Whyisthat?

Somescientistsbelievethatyawningmakesusbeabletothinkornoticethings

quickly.Whenweyawn,webreathemoredeeply.Wealsostretchthemusclesinourfaceand

neck.Maybethismakesusbecarefulofthethingsaround.

Aboutlaughing,scientistssaythatpeoplelaughabout17timesaday.Theybelievethat

laughterisgoodforus.Why?Foronething,isgoodexerciseWhenwelaugh,weexercise

manymusclesourbody.Scientistssaythatonehundredlaughsequalstenminutesof

running.Whenwelaugh,wealsobreathedeeply.Thishelpsusrelax.That*sgoodforus,too

Whydopeoplelaugh?Thatisahardquestiontoanswer.Weknowthatpeoplelaughmore

ofteninagroup.Theydon'tlaughveryoftenwhentheyarealone.Manyscientistsbelievethat

weuselaughtertoconnecttootherpeople.Laughterhelpsusbepartofagroupinashorttime.

Somepeoplesaythatlaughteristhebestmedicine.Somethinkthatlaughterhelpssick

peoplegetwelLDoyouagree?

WordBank

instinctive本能的

yawn打哈欠

stretch舒展

muscle肌肉

laughter笑；笑声

equal相当于

根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

(1)WhichofthefollowingaboutyawningisTRUE?D

A.Peopleyawnindifferentways.

B.Peopleyawnonlywhentheyaretiredorbored.

C.Yawningmakespeoplelazier.

D.Peoplemayyawnbeforeabigtest.

(2)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"contagiousnmeaninChinese?C

A.不雅的.

B.神秘的.

C.传染的.

D.连续的.

(3)Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?D

A.Thecauseofyawning.

B.Theprocessofyawning.

C.Thewayofyawning.

D.Theeffectofyawning.

(4)Whatcanweknowaboutlaughterfromthetext?

A.Itcanhelppeoplethinkquickly.

B.Itcanmakeonejoinothersquickly.

D.Itequalsmedicine.

C.Itisthebestwaytoexercise.

(5)Whichisthesimilaritybetweenyawningandlaughing?A

A.Wecandothemwithoutlearning.

B.Webreathesmoothlywhendoingthem.

C.Wedothem17timesaday.

D.Wedon'tdothemveryoftenwhenwearealone.

【解答】(1)D.推理判断题。根据However,weknowthat'speoplealsoyawnwhentheyare

excitedornervous.Forexample,Olympicrunners,oftenyawnbeforearace.可知，但是，我

们知道，当人们兴奋或紧张时，也会打哈欠。例如，奥运会赛跑者，经常在比赛前打哈

欠。所以可推测人们在大考前可能会打哈欠是正确的。故选D.

(2)C.词义猜测题。根据Whenweseeyawn,weyawn,too.可知,当我们看到哈欠时，

我们也打哈欠。由上句可知Aboutyawning,wealsoknowthatitiscontagious.关于打哈

欠，我们也知道它是传染的。所以带下划线的"contagious”在汉语中是传染的意思。故

选C.

(3)D.段落大意题。根据Somescientistsbelievethatyawningmakesusbeabletothinkor

noticethingsquickly.Whenweyawn,webreathemoredeeply.Wealsostretchthemusclesin

ourfaceandneck.Maybethismakesusbecarefulofthethingsaround.可知，一些科学家认

为，打哈欠使我们能够快速思考或注意到事物。当我们打哈欠时，我们的呼吸会更深。

我们还会拉伸脸部和颈部的肌肉。也许这会让我们对周围的事物更加小心。所以第三段

主要告诉我们打哈欠的效果。故选D.

(4)B.细节理解题。根据Laughterhelpsusbepartofagroupinashorttime.可知，笑有助

于我们在短时间内成为一个群体的一部分。所以从课文中我们能知道笑可以使一个人很

快加入其他人。故选B.

(5)A.细节理解题。根据Humanshavemanyinstinctivebehaviors.Wecanyawnandlaugh

frombirth.可知，人类有很多本能行为。我们从出生起就可以打哈欠和大笑。所以打哈欠

和大笑有什么相似之处

我们可以不用学习就做。故选A.

4.(10分)Whatdowereallymeanbybeingopen?

Beingopenisakindofinvitationtoletotherscomein.(1)CInthiswaywewillbe

understoodandacceptedbyotherswell.Ifwearen'topentoothers,wewon'tbefullybelieved

in.

(2)DFirst,makeyouroutsidebehaviorthesamewithyourinsidefeelingsand

thoughts.Second,sharehowyoureallyfeelaboutsomethinginsteadofjustopinions.Third,try

tochangeyourquestionsintostatementsandtalkinthefirstperson