2021届高考英语阅读之记叙文（四）

备战2021高考英语阅读之记叙文（四）

（A）

Withtheworld'sattentiononvaccines（疫苗），nowfeelslikeagoodmomenttosingthe

praisesofanoftenforgottencontributiontotheirdevelopment.Threehundredyearsagothis

month,LadyMaryWortleyMontagugotherdaughterinoculated（接种）againstsmallpox,making

herchildthefirstpersonintheWesttobeprotectedinthisway.WithoutMontagu'swillingnessto

adoptapracticeshehadlearnedfromothercultures,theintroductionofvaccinesaround80years

laterwouldneverhavetakenplace.

MontagufirstwitnessedinoculationwhensheaccompaniedherhusbandtoTurkeyin1717.

InoculationhadstartedinAsia,probablyinChina,asearlyasthe10thcenturyAD.Montagu

observedhowolderwomeninTurkeytookatinyamountofpus（脓）fromapersonwithsmallpox.

Theythenusedneedlestomakecutsonpeople'swristsandanklesandaddedthepustotheir

bloodstream.Thishelpedpeoplegainimmunityfromfutureinfection.

Likeothervisitorstothecountry,Montagutookstepstoensurethathersonwasinoculatedin

Turkey.Thisworkedwell,butsheknewthattryingitinEnglandwouldbefarmorechallenging.

Inoculationperformedbyunlicensedamateurswouldthreatendoctors'professionalstandingand

potentiallyrobthemofvaluableincome.Churchmenalsodisagreewiththepractice,astheysawit

asgoingagainstnature.

BackinEngland,Montaguobservedtheincreasedseverityofsmallpoxinfections.Eventually,

inApril1721,shedecidedtousetheTurkishpracticetohaveherdaughterinoculated,becauseshe

believedthattherewardswouldoutweightherisks.Afterasafelimehadpassedfollowingthe

inoculation,Montagualloweddoctorstoexamineherdaughter.

DoctorsinBritaingraduallyacceptedthepractice.Aboutsoyearslater,apioneering

physicianfoundsmallpoxvaccinestodestroysmallpoxcompletely.Asearlyaslastcentury,

academicsarguedthatMontaguwasnomorethananenthusiasticamateur.Intruth,shemadea

vitalscientificcontributiontowardsfindingthecureforsmallpox.

1.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theoriginofsmallpoxinoculation.

B.Montagu'sfirstaccesstoinoculation.

C.Thebenefitsfromsmallpoxinoculation.

D.Turkishwomen'sinventionofinoculation.

2.MontagufounditdifficulttotryinoculationinEnglandbecause.

A.itwasagainsthumannature

B.itmighthanndoctors9interests

C.itwasbeyonddoctors'abilities

D.itmightshakechurchmen'sbelief

3.WhatleddoctorsinBritaintoacceptinoculation?

A.Theincreasedseverityofsmallpoxinfections.

B.Aphysician'sdiscoveryofsmallpoxvaccines.

C.TheresultofMontagu'sdaughter'sinoculation.

D.Montagu'sfocusonitsrewardsratherthanitsrisks.

4.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetest?

A.AnunsungheroB.Nolimittocreation

C.DevelopmentofvaccinesD.Ahistoricmedicalinnovation

(B)

RacingisnothingnewforSebastianRosado.Hewasbornwithcerebralpalsy(月齿瘫),which

affectsaperson*sabilitytomove.Thoughmostofhislifehasbeenlimitedtoawheel-chair,hehas

doneatleastoneraceayearsince2011.

Itwasaboutadecadeagothathismother,Jaime,wastrainingforaraceinPuertoRico,and

Sebastianaskedifhecouldaccompanyher.She'dhavetopushhiminthewheelchairbecausehis

armfunctionsarelimited,andshewasokaywiththat.However,theracewouldn'tallowit.Then,

Sebastian*sfamilydecidedtomakeaspecialraceforchildrenlikeSebastian.Theracegivesthem

achancetoprovethatdespitebeingtoldfromayoungagethattheymightnotbeabletodosome

thingsintheirlives,theycanalsobecomewhattheywishtobeinlife.

Sebastianhasruniteveryyearusingaspecialwalker.Eachyear,hetriestooutdohis

previousgoal.Insteadofjust5kmin2020,hewantedtoattempttorun21kmover30days.

Sebastian'splanistocompletethedistancebyMay9,accountingforcompleting1km,atmost,in

aday.

Sebastianusedtotraininatrackandfieldfacilityclosetohome,andit*samazingtohear

runnerstellinghimthingslike,MWow,sometimesIdon*thavethestrengthtotrainbutwhenIsee

youdoingthis,IfeelthatIhavenoexcuse,*'62swimmersarejoiningSebastian'schallengethis

monthbyswimming800meterseachone.

Sebastianhasasayingthatyourdisabilityisnotinyourbody,butinyourmind.It'sreally

powerful.Ifyoupromiseyourselfyou'lldosomething,youcanachieveitbyusingyourmind.

1.WhatistheRosados*purposeofsettingupaspecialrace?

A.Tocollectmoneyformedicalresearch.

B.TorealizeSebastian'swishtoruninaformalrace.

C.Toencouragedisabledchildrentomakeadifference.

D.ToallowSebastiantoaccompanyhismotherinraces.

2.HowdoesSebastianrunthespecialrace?

A.Hismotherpusheshim.

B•Herunsinawheelchair.

C.Hefinishes21kminonego.

D.Herunswithspecialequipment.

3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSebastian?

A.Humourous.B.Inspiring.C.Helpful.D.Talented.

4.WhatdoesSebastianthinkofdisability?

A.Thereisnodisabilityatall.

B.Mindcancureanydisability.

C.Realdisabilityexistsmentally.

D.Thedisabilityisverypowerful.

(C)

Norwood,ajuniorHighSchoolstudent,wasdrivingthreefriendshomeinSt.Petersburg,

whenanotherdrivercrashedintoherfromherleftandmadehercarhitthetree.Theimpact

jammedshutthedriver'ssidedoor,soNorwoodclimbedoutthefrontwindow.Twoofherfriends

managedtogetoutofthecarunharmed,buther16-year-oldfriendZarriadidn't.Sherunbackto

thecaronlytofindZarriawasjustsittingtherereactionless.

Alotofpeoplestartedtogatheraroundtoseewhatwashappening.Norwoodstartedyelling,

“Backup,backup,sheneedsspace."NorwoodpulledZarriaoutofthebackseat,avoidingbroken

glassfromthewindow."That'swhenIcheckedherpulseonherneck.Iputmyheadagainsther

chest,andIdidn'treallyhearnothing.SothafswhenIjuststarteddoingCPRonher.^^Norwood

toldthereporter.Afterthe30compressionsandtworescuebreaths,Zarriaregainedconsciousness.

Ambulancequicklyarrivedandrushedhertothehospitaltoreceivemedicalhelp.

WhenMiller,Norwood'shighschoolteacher,learnedthatNorwoodsavedafriendjustone

dayaftercompletingCPRtraining,shewasatalossofwordsandsoproud.Norwoodparticipates

intheschooPsAthleticLifestyleManagementAcademy(ALMA),Theprogrampreparesstudents

forvariouscareersinhealthscience.uWedovitalsignsandtheylearnhowtotakebloodpressure

andcheckpulse."Millerintroduced.AndanotheroneoftheskillslearnedisCPR."Therearetwo

components,ahands-onskillscomponentwheretheyhavetodemonstratethatthey'reabletodo

CPRwell,andthenthere'sawrittentestcomponent,showingthattheyrememberthat

knowledge.^^

ThankstoNorwood'squickthinking,Zarriaisrecoveringwell.Shealsoisn'tsurprisedby

herfriend9sactions."Shewillalwayshelpanywayshecan,soIwasn'treallyshockedabout

that.”

1.WhathappenedtoNorwoodandherfriendsontheirwayhome?

A.Theylosttheirway.

B.Theysufferedacaraccident.

C.Theycrashedintoanothercar.

D.Theywerestuckinatrafficjam.

2.WhatdidNorwooddofirstwhenfindingZarriareactionless?

A.Togiveherfirstaid.

B.Toaskpeopleforhelp.

C.Tocallambulanceatonce.

D.Tosendhertohospitalimmediately.

3.WhatcanweinferabouttheALMA?

A.Itnormallylastsforoneday.

B.Itisformedicalstudentsonly.

C.Itfocusesonboththeoryandpractice.

D.Ittrainsstudentstoliveahealthylifestyle.

4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNorwood?

A.Considerateandflexible.B.Kindandambitious.

C.Hardworkingandclever.D.Braveandcalm.

(D)

Whatcomestomindwhenyouthinkofkungfu?IfyourmindisfilledwithimagesofShaolin

monks,BruceLee,orKungFuPanda,youwouldn'tbewrong.ButforLaurenceJ.Brahm,an

Americandocumentaryfilmmaker,thefirstthingthatspringstomindistheconceptof

non-violence.

AsBrahmexplained,ifyoubreakdownthecharacterMwu"itconsistsoftwocharacters:oneis

“ge"meaningdagger-axe;theotheris"zhiMmeaningtostop.So,themeaningofmartialartsin

Chineseisnottheartoffighting,aconceptthatmanypeopletakeforgranted.Onthecontrary,he

said,kungfuistheartofstoppingfighting.

Brahm'srelationshipwithkungfudatesbacktothe1970swhenhewasakaratestudentin

Hawaii."Mymasteralwaystoldmethatifyouwanttofullyunderstandkarate,youhavetogoto

ShaolininChina.That'swheretheoriginis,"Brahmsaid.In1981,hemanagedtovisittheShaolin

Temple,situatedatthefootoftheSongshanMountaininCentralChina,fortheveryfirsttime.He

leftthemountain,alittledisappointedatnotfindingthemartial-artsspiritheexpected.Buthis

passionforkungfuandhisdesiretofindoutmorewerestrongerthaneverbefore.

Overtheyearshetrainedinmanydifferentstylessuchastaichi,WingChun,JeetKuneDoto

understandallofthem."Martialartscanhelpusconnectourbody,connectourneuralsystem,

connectourbloodflow,andalsohelpconnectusintoourenvironmenttoincreaseourawareness.

Martialartsismovingmeditation(冥想)JBrahmsaid,hiseyesbrightandintense.

Buttohim,kungfu'scharmandvaluesarefarmorethanthat.Hecombinedtheknowledge

frommanymastersandscholarswithhisownexperienceasapractitionerandtutortoextract12key

principlesandvaluesofthemartialarts:perseverance,roots,loyalty,respect,harmony,change,

balance,centering,emptiness,flow,pragmatism,non-violence.

“Kungfii,inmyeves,isamirrorofChineseculture.^^Brahmsaid"Thetraditionalvaluesof

kungfii,actually,areinthemindsofallChinesepeople.”

1.WhatdoesParagraph2reallywanttotellus?

A.Thecharacter"ge"means“tostop”.

B.Kungfuisthe“artofnon-violence^^.

C.Thecharacter“wu"consistsoftwocharacters.

D.MartialartsinChinesemeansthe“artoffighting”.

2.HowdidBrahmmanagetogettheideaofkungfU'svalues?

A.HevisitedtheShaolinTemplein1981.

B.Hetrainedinmanydifferentstylesovertheyears.

C.HismastertoldhimaboutitwhenhewasinHawaii.

D.Hejoinedhisknowledgeandhisexperiencetogether.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordcanbestdescribeBrahm?

A.Determined.B.Energetic.C.Confident.D.Friendly.

(E)

Sittingstraightathisdesk,SamiSabeaallilturnsonthelights,placeshismobilephoneona

selfiestickandstartsgreetinghisviewers.44Hieveryone,thisisSami,,,hesaysinChinese.will

recommendyousometoystonight...

Everyday,Samilivestreams(网络直播)onDouyin(China'sdomesticversionof

TikTok)foroneortwohours,promotinghistoystoChinesebuyers.BasedinYiwuCity,the

world'slargesttradingcenterfordailyconsumergoodsinEastChina'sZhejiangProvince,the

22-year-oldsaidheislikelythefirstforeignertogetintolivestreamsellinginYiwuandtake

advantageofChina'sskyrocketinge-commerceindustry.

SamihasbeensellinghistoysonhisDouyinaccountsincelastJune.Mostofhisvideosare

abouthisproductsorshowhimhangingaroundYiwu'smarketsandcrackingjokes.Foravideohe

publishedlastOctober,heinviteddozensofforeignersfromvariouscountriestoexpresstheirlove

forChina,whichgotnearly30,000likes.

AsayoungChinese-speakingforeigner,SamiattractsmuchattentiononChina'ssocialmedia.

Henowhasonlyabout28,000followersonDouyinbuthisgoalistohave10millionfollowers

withintwoyears.

TheCOVID-19pandemicisseverelyhittingtheeconomyofmanycountriesandhascaused

greatlossesamongYiwu'sproducersandsuppliers.Samidecidedtotrylivestreamingandlookfbr

moreChinesedomesticbuyersviaDouyin.AsanownerofaYiwu-basedtoycompany,Samiused

tohavehalfofhisordersfromoverseas.However,overseasordershavenotbeensatisfactoryin

thepastyear,soheisgraduallyshiftinghisbusinesstoChinesemarketastheepidemicsituation

inChinahaslargelyimproved.

AfewpotentialbuyershavereachedSamiandoneofthemboughtover100,000yuan

($14,860)oftoysfromhim,whichSamidescribedas“agoodbeginning.^^

SamiisnottheonlyforeignerinYiwuinterestedinlivestreamingpromotion.Accordingto

YiwuIndustrialandCommercialCollege,quiteafewofits140overseasstudentssaytheywilltry

livestreaminge-commerceindustryaftergraduation.

ThecollegeisofferingitsoverseasstudentscoursesonChina'slivestreamsellingmarket,

whichincludehowtoattractmorefollowers,howtoselectsuitableproducts,howtointeractwith

audiencesandhowtoshootandeditshortvideos.

l.WhydidSamistartlivestreaming?

A.Toincreasethesalesofhistoys.

B.Tobuildareputationinhisfield.

C.TocatchupwiththeInternettrend.

D.Tobethefirstforeignlivestreamer.

2.WhatdoweknowaboutSami'svideosonDouyin?

A.Theymadehimworldfamous.

B.TheyshowedhislovefbrChina.

C.Theyattractedanumberoffollowers.

D.Theyrecordedpeople'slivesinYiwu.

3.WhatistheconsequenceofCOVID-19forSami?

A.Hehascloseddownhistoycompany.

B.Hisoverseasordersdecreasedbyhalf.

C.Thenumberofhisfollowershasfallensharply.

D.HemakeseffortstoattractmoreChinesebuyers.

4.Whatisthefunctionofthelastparagraph?

A.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.

B.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.

C.Tointroduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

D.Tocallonpeopletousemorelivestream.

参考答案：

A

1.根据第二段第—句"Montagufirstwitnessedinoculationwhensheaccompaniedher

husbandtoTurkeyin1717.（1717年，蒙塔古第一次目睹了疫苗接种，当时她陪丈夫去了土

耳其。）”可知，第二段说的是她在土耳其第一次看到了有人接种的行为，也就是第一次接

触到这种情况。故选B。

2.根据第三段中“Inoculationperformedbyunlicensedamateurswouldthreatendoctors*

professionalstandingandpotentiallyrobthemofvaluableincome.（由无执照的业余医师进行接

种会威胁到医生的职业地位，并有可能剥夺他们宝贵的收入。）”可知，Montagu发现在英

国接种疫苗很困难，因为它可能会损害医生的利益。故选B。

3.根据第四段中wEventually,inApril1721,shedecidedtousetheTurkishpracticetohave

herdaughterinoculated,becauseshebelievedthattherewardswouldoutweightherisks.Aftera

safetimehadpassedfollowingtheinoculation,Montagualloweddoctorstoexamineherdaughter.

（最终，在1721年4月，她决定使用土耳其的方法让她的女儿接种疫苗，因为她相信回报

会大于风险。在接种疫苗后的一段安全时间过后,Montagu允许医生为她的女儿进行检查。）”

可知，Montagu的女儿接种的结果使英国的医生们接受了接种。故选C。

4.这篇文章围绕的是M这个人将接种疫苗引进当地的过程，期间还将女儿作为实验对

象，可见她对医学事业的奉献精神。B谈创造，偏离主题；C讲疫苗本身的发展，不全面；

D讲历史性的医学创新，不符合主旨。故选A。

B

1.根据文章第二段**Then,Sebastian'sfamilydecidedtomakeaspecialraceforchildrenlike

Sebastian.Theracegivesthemachancetoprovethatdespitebeingtoldfromayoungagethat

theymightnotbeabletodosomethingsintheirlives,theycanalsobecomewhattheywishtobe

inlife.（然后，Sebastian的家人决定为像Sebastian这样的孩子举办一场特殊的比赛。这场比

赛给了他们一个机会来证明，尽管从小就被告知他们在生活中可能无法做一些事情，但他们

也可以成为自己想成为的人。）”可知，Rosados的目的是建立一个特殊的比赛来鼓励残疾

儿童做出改变。故选C。

2o根据文章第三段Sebastianhasruniteveryyearusingaspecialwalker.（Sebastian每

年都用一种特殊的助行器来行走。）”可知，他用一个特殊的设备来进行比赛。故选D。

3。根据文章第四段“Sebastianusedtotraininatrackandfieldfacilityclosetohome,andifs

amazingtohearrunnerstellinghimthingslike,"Wow,sometimesIdon'thavethestrengthto

trainbutwhenIseeyoudoingthis,IfeelthatIhavenoexcuse,"62swimmersarejoining

Sebastian'schallengethismonthbyswimming800meterseachone.（Sebastian曾经在离家不远

的田径设施里训练，听到跑步者对他说，“哇，有时我没有力气训练，但当我看到你这么做

时，我觉得我没有借口。”这真是太棒了，这个月62名游泳运动员加入了Sebastian的挑战，

每个人都游了800米。）可知，Sebastian的行为鼓励了很多人，由此可推知，Sebastian是

鼓舞人心的。故选B。

4«根据文章最后一段aSebastianhasasayingthatyourdisabilityisnotinyourbody,butin

yourmind.It'sreallypowerful.Ifyoupromiseyourselfyou'lldosomething,youcanachieveitby

usingyourmind.（Sebastian说过，你的残疾不是在你的身体上，而是在你的思想上。真的很

强大。如果你承诺要做某件事，你可以用你的头脑来实现它。）”可知，Sebastian认为真

正的残疾存在于精神上。故选C

C

1.Bo根据题干关键词定位到第一段中anotherdrivercrashedintoherfromherleftand

madehercarhitthetree（一个司机从她左边撞上了她，把她的车撞到了树上）可知，答案选

B项。

2.Ao根据题干关键词定位至第二段中checkedherpulseonherneck,putmyheadagainst

herchest,starteddoingCPRonher,the30compressionsandtworescuebreaths可知，Norwood

检查Zarria脉搏，把Zarria头靠在她胸口，给Zarria做心肺复苏术，做了30次按压和两次

人工呼吸这些都是从事急救所做之事，答案选A项。

3.Co根据题干关键词定位到第三段中Therearetwocomponents,ahands-onskills

componentwheretheyhavetodemonstratethatthey'reabletodoCPRwell