人教八上Unit8辅导教案

/学科教师辅导教案学员编号：年级：课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：学科教师：课程主题：Unit8授课时间：学习目标掌握Unit8单词及语法教学内容知识点一重点单词及其用法【知识梳理】1.coverv.遮盖,覆盖；n.覆盖物,盖子,封面Thecitycoveredtensquaremiles.这个城市覆盖了10平房英里的面积。Thebookneedsanewcover.这本书需要一个新的封面。【搭配】cover…with…用...覆盖Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.她用水捂住脸。coverstory封面故事Sotheyneedacoverstorysayingthatitwasallthegovernment’sfault.所以,为了表达一切都是政府的错,他们需要找一个封面故事。【拓展】coveragen.覆盖,覆盖范围,报道Whatfeaturesdoyouwanttoincludeinyourtestcoverageandwhatdatadoyourequiretousethem?您想要在您的测试覆盖中包括什么特性,以及您要使用它们要求什么数据？Didyoulikeourcoverage?你喜欢我们的报道吗？2.celebratev.祝贺,庆祝Wehadapartytocelebrateourheadmaster'ssilverwedding.我们为了庆祝校长的银婚之喜,举行了一个派对。TheChinesepeoplecelebratedthefoundingoftheirPeople'sRepublicofChinaonOctober1st,2019.2019年10月1日,全中国人民庆祝中华人民共和国的建立。【拓展】〔1〕celebratewith用庆祝Thiswillallowpeoplewhowanttocelebratewithyoutheopportunitytodoso.让那些想祝贺你们的人们有时机帮你们庆祝。Inthebackgroundofonephotoisasignorderingguestsnottocelebratewithrice.u2028有一张照片的背景上贴着一张告示,要求来访的宾客不要用稻谷来庆祝。〔2〕celebratewedding庆祝婚礼;庆祝结婚【拓展】celebrated著名的；有名望的celebration庆典,庆祝会；庆祝；颂扬celebrator庆祝者；祝贺的人3.finallyadv.最后,最终Finally,heagreedtodothejob.最后,他同意了这项工作。Theyfinallygetintobedatoneandhavetogetupatsevenagain.他们最后1点才爬到床上睡觉,7点又要再起来。【拓展】finaladj.最后的注意：形容词用来修饰名词及代词,副词用来修饰动词及形容词。Imanagedtobookthefinalticket.我成功预定了最后一张票。【拓展】近义：intheend,atlast,finally,lastly,eventuallyIhavefoundthewordinmydictionaryeventually.我终于在我的字典里查到了这个词。Heranhiseyesdownthepageandfoundhisnameatlast.他的眼睛顺着这一页往下看,终于找到了他的名字。Intheend,hesaid,itwasworththetrouble.最后,他说,所有的这些困难都是值得的。4.addv.增加,添加,继续说,接着说Addsomehotwaterifyouthinkthecoffeeismuchtoostrong.如果你觉得咖啡太浓了,你可以加点热水。Motheraddedthatwemustgetbackassoonaspossible.妈妈接着又说我们必须尽早回。【拓展】〔1〕"add...to...","把加到中去；往中加"Ifyouadd4to6,youget10.4加6等于10。Addsomehotwaterifyouthinkthecoffeeismuchtoostrong.如果你觉得这咖啡太浓,就加点儿热水。〔2〕addto表示"增加；增添",其中to是介词,后接名词或代词。Eachgirlpresentatthepartywaswearingaflowerinthehair,whichaddedtotheirbeauty.参加晚会的姑娘人人头上都戴有一朵花,使得她们显得愈加漂亮。Thesoldierswereextremelytiredandtheheavyrainaddedtotheirdifficulty.战士们累极了,而大雨更是增加了他们的困难。〔3〕add...up表示"把加起来"；addupto...那么表示"加起来总和为"。、Canyouaddthesetenfiguresup?你能把这十个数字加起来吗？Allthesefiguresaddupto5,050.所有这些数字加起来总和为5,050。5.pourv.倒出,倾倒pour...into..“把倒进里〞Pourmilkoutofthebottleintotheglass.把牛奶从瓶子里倒到玻璃杯里去。【拓展】pour还可做“下大雨〞,pouringrain瓢泼大雨；倾盆大雨Itisstillpouringoutside.外面正在下大雨。【搭配】pourout倒出Larrywaspouringoutfourglassesofchampagne.拉里倒出了四杯香槟。put…into意思是“把……放入……里,把……翻译成……〞。如：Heputsomesugarintothecoffee.他在咖啡里放一些糖。CanyouputthesentenceintoEnglish?你能把这个句子译成英语吗？【搭配】与put有关的短语：putaway放好,把……收好putoff拖延,延期puton穿上puttogether放在一起putup举起,建造,张贴putdown放下,记下7.It’stimetoenjoythericenoodles.到吃米面的时候啦。it’stimetodosth意为“到/是做某事的时候了〞,It’stimetohavedinner.到吃晚饭的时候了。It’stimetogetup.到起床的时间了。【拓展】it’stimetodosth与it’stimefordoingsth/sth意思相同。It’stimetohavedinner.=It’stimefordinner.到吃晚饭的时候了。8.need需要常用短语：①needsth需要某物②sbneedtodosth某人需要做某事③needsbtodosth需要某人做某事④sthneeddoing=sthneedtobedone某事需要被做need的其他用法：词性用法例句情态动词表“必须,必要〞的意思,常用于否认句和疑问句,后直接跟动词原形,且need无人称、数的变化〔第三人称单数不加s〕,也没有非谓语形式〔不定式,分词〕Sheneedn’thavearrivedsoearly,needshe?名词既可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。常用短语：ingreatneedof非常需要；ifneedbe如果需要的话Noneedtorun!【例题精讲】例1Don’tthrowawaythewastepaper.Itneeds_______.A.torecycleB.recyclingC.recycleD.recycles例2You______returnthebooknow.Youcankeepituntilnextweekifyoulike.havetoB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t例3Children,itistime_______downquietly.A.sitB.satC.tositD.sitting【课堂练习】1.Susan_______herfriend’sinvitationbecauseofanimportantmeeting.A.tookdownB.putdownC.turneddownD.wrotedown2.Theboyissleeping.Please______theradio.A.turnupB.turnoffC.turnon3.Itisdark.Iwanttoreadbooks.Please______thelight.OK!I’lldoit.A.turnupB.turndownC.turnonD.turnoff4.Mydear!Whenyoumakenoodles,please______theonions,andputthemintothepan.Yes,Icando.Don’tworry!A.cutinB.cutupC.cutoffD.cutdown5.Mr.Smith,_______isthenewbright?Oh,letmesee!It’sabout800meters.A.howoldB.howlongC.howmuchD.howoften知识点二名词和祈使句【知识梳理】一、名词1.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类。可数名词有单复数之分,而不可数名词没有复数形式。可数名词复数变化规那么例词例外例词规那么变化一般名词变复数时,直接加spen-penshat-hats以字母-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的名词,在词尾加-esbus-busesbox-boxesdish-disheswatch-watches以-f,-fe结尾的名词,把f,fe变为v再加-es口诀：树叶〔leaf)半数自己(self)黄,妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去杀狼(wolf),架后小偷(thief)逃命(life)忙leaf-leaveshalf-halvesself-selveswife-wivesknife-kniveswolf-wolvesshelf-shelvesthief-thieveslife-livesroof-roofsbelief-beliefsproof-proofshandkerchief-handkerchiefs以o结尾的名词,一些加-es,一些加-s口诀：黑人〔Negro)英雄(hero)种植西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato)Negro-Negroeshero-heroestomato-tomatoespotato-potatoesphoto-photosradio-radioskilo-kilos以“辅音字母+y〞结尾的名词,先变y为i,再加-esfamily-familieslady-ladiescity-cities不规那么变化a变eMan-menEnglishman-EnglishmenFrenchman-Frenchmen00变eefoot-feettooth-teethgoose-geese加renChild-children单复数同形Fish,deer,sheep,Chinese,Japanese不可数名词物质名词食物,饮料,自然物质bread,meat,rice,cheese,fish,beer,milk,water,cola,coffee,wine,tea,air,soil,sand,wood抽象名词情感,概念,学科Love,peace,friendship,joy,happiness,exercise,knowledge,energy,population,math,physics,geography,chemistry2.不可数名词的量的表示法,如果要表达出不可数名词的具体数量,可以通过“基数词+量词+of+不可数名词〞来表示,假设想表达量的复数概念,只需要把计量词变为复数形式即可。如：apieceofpaper一张纸adropofwater一滴水a1oafofbread一条面包abagofmoney一袋钱abottleofmilk一瓶牛奶apairofshoes 一双鞋3.可数名词与不可数名词的区别及其应用：〔1〕可数名词单数可用不定冠词修饰,复数可用基数词及some/any/few/afew/many/alotof等来修饰。不可数名词不能直接用数词修饰,需用“基数词+量词+of〞结构,也可以用some/any/little/alittle/much/alotof来修饰〔2〕用howmany询问可数名词的数量,用howmuch询问不可数名词的数量〔3〕单个单数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数；多个单数名词或复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数。但当不可数名词前有“基数词+量词+of〞时,谓语动词依量词的数而定。二．祈使句〔1〕定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象〔即主语〕是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末那么使用句号来表示结束。例：Goandwashyourhands.〔去洗你的手。——命令〕Bequiet,please.〔Pleasebequiet.〕〔请安静。——请求〕Bekindtooursister.〔对姊妹要和蔼。——劝告〕Watchyoursteps.〔走路小心。——警告〕Lookout！Danger！〔小心！危险！——强烈警告,已如感慨句〕Keepoffthegrass.〔勿践草坪。——禁止〕Noparking.〔禁止停车。——禁止〕祈使句也常把主语“You〞表达出来,使对方听起来觉得柔和些,例如：Yougoandtellhim,Chris.〔克立斯你去告诉他。〕〔2〕相关口诀：祈使句无主语,主语you常省去；动词原形谓语当,句首加don't否认变;朗读应当用降调,句末常标感慨号。〔3〕表现形式●肯定结构:①Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。如:Pleasehaveaseathere.请这边坐。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下,动词可省略。如:Thisway,please.=Gothisway,please.请这边走。②Be型(即:Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。如:Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!③Let型(即:Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分)。如:Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。●否认结构:①Do型和Be型的否认式都是在句首加don't构成。如:Don'tforgetme!不要忘记我!Don'tbelateforschool!上学不要迟到!②Let型的否认式有两种:“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分〞和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分〞。如:Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。③有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。如:Nosmoking!禁止吸烟!Nofishing!禁止钓鱼!【例题精讲】例1Youpaid$10for______thismorning.A.4bottlemilksB.4bottlesofmilkC.4bottlesofmilksD.4milk例2Iamhungry.I’dliketohavesome_______.A.riceB.sandwichC.dumplingsD.egg例3I’malittlehungrynow.Ionlydranksome_______beforeIcametoschool.A.breadB.milkC.bananaD.noodle例4Wecan’tmakeasandwichwithout________.A.breadB.onionsC.yogurtD.tomatoes例5Iwouldlikesome______fordinner.A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoesD.potato【课堂练习】1.Therearelotsof______thatstudentshavetofollowinschool.A.exercisesB.problemsC.skillsD.rules2.TheNewYorkTimesisapopulardaily______.A.dictionaryB.magazineC.newspaperD.guidebook3.______yourbooksandlookattheblackboard!A.ClosesB.CloseC.closingD.Toclose4._______sleepinthechair!A.NoB.NotC.Don’tD.Doesn’t1.名词的用法；2.祈使句；1.______ontheTV,Jim.I’dliketowatchtheeveningnews.OK,Dad.A.TurnB.TurnsC.TurningD.Toturn2.Daniel,_______playwiththemobilephonewhileyou’rewalkinginthestreet.A.don’tB.doesn’tC.won’tD.can’t3.—Woldyoulikesome_______fordinner?OK.A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoes4.It'sgettingdark.Wouldyouplease_______thelight?A.getonB.getoffC.turnonD.turnoff5.______pocketmoneydoyouusuallygeteverymonth?一Fiftyyuan.Whataboutyou?A.HowoftenB.HowlongC.HowmanyD.Howmuch6..Healthisimportantforusteenagers,soweshouldeatmorevegetablessuchas_______tokeephealthy.A.tomatoesandpotatoesB.tomatosandpotatosC.tomatosandpotatoes7.Ican'tseeanythingintheroom.Pleasehelpme_______thelights.A.turnonB.turnupC.turndownD.turnoff7.._______peopletraveleveryyear?Perhapswhenwearetalkingaboutit,morethan100planeshavetakenoffaroundtheworld.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howoften8.Whatdoyouneedtomakethetomatonoodles?______onionand_______tomato,please.A.A；aB.An；anC.A；anD.An；a9.Healthisimportantforus,soweshouldeat