2023-2024学年度北师大版必修三 Unit 8　Green livings学案

2023-2024学年度北师大版必修三Unit8Greenlivings学案目标导航目标导航重点词汇1.rootn.树根2.shootn.芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射击3.botheredadj.担心的；烦恼的4.instituten.机构；研究院5.brickn.砖，砖块6.gallonn.加仑7.chimpanzeen.黑猩猩8.wagvi.&vt.(狗)摇(尾巴)9.just-me-ismn.以自我为中心10.livingn.生活方式11.oceann.海洋，大海12.smogn.雾霾13.desertn.沙漠14.industrialadj.工业的15.extinctionn.灭绝16.recyclev.再利用，回收利用18.carbonn.碳19.viewn.风景；美景；意见20.profitn.盈利，利润21.organisern.组织者，安排者22.agriculturen.农业23.survivaln.继续生存，幸存24.electricityn.电25.transportn.交通运输系统，运输方式26.batteryn.电池27.parkingn.(车辆等的)停放28.thereforeadv.因此；由此29.pathn.小径，小道30.pedalvi.&vt.骑n.踏板词汇拓展1.bothervi.&vt.费心；麻烦；烦扰→botheredadj.担心的；烦恼的2.firmadj.坚实的；稳固的→firmlyadv.坚定地；牢牢地3.foundvt.建立；创立；创办→foundern.创立者→foundationn.基础；地基4.involvevt.参与；包含→involvedadj.参与的；投入的→involvementn.参与5.disappearvi.消失，不见→disappearancen.消失，不见→appearv.出现→appearancen.出现6.trackingn.跟踪→trackv.跟踪n.踪迹重点词组1.sufferfrom遭受；患……病；受……之苦2.beknownas以……著称3.notbebotheredtodosth懒得做某事4.sowhat那又怎样5.takeaction采取行动6.inadditionto除……之外7.becommittedto致力于；委身于8.allaroundtheworld全世界9.makeadifference有影响，有关系10.berootedin植根于11.bereferredtoas被称为……12.airpollution空气污染13.liveagreenlife过绿色环保的生活14.liveinharmonywithnature与大自然和谐共生15.comeupwith想出，想到16.plentyof充裕的17.soonafter不久之后18.thanksto多亏19.beconvenientfor对……方便20.providefor供养；为……做准备21.beknownas以……著称22.becomepopularwith受到……欢迎23.inthe1960s在20世纪60年代知识精讲知识精讲1balancen．平衡；天平v.保持平衡；权衡(教材P28)maintainingthebalancebetweenhumanandnature保持人与自然的平衡Istruggledtokeepmybalanceonmynewskates.我穿着新溜冰鞋，努力保持平衡。Howlongcanyoubalanceononeleg?你单腿能站多久？[知识拓展](1)keepthebalanceofnature 保持自然界的平衡apairofbalance 一副天平beoutofbalance 失去平衡lose/keepone'sbalance 失去/保持平衡onbalance 权衡之后，总的来说(2)balancedadj. 保持平衡的；显示平衡的(3)balancesth.againststh. 权衡；斟酌；比较2botheredadj.担心的；烦恼的(教材P30)Dropapieceoflitterandcan'tbebotheredtopickitup.丢了垃圾就懒得捡了。Ijustcan'tbebotheredtolookafterthehouse.我就是不想费事照看这所房子。Icouldn'tbebotheredtogothroughtherigmaroleofchangingclothes.我不想再费事儿换衣服了。[知识拓展](1)bebotheredtodo 费心做某事(2)bothervt. 打扰；烦扰n. 麻烦；不便bothersb.with/aboutsth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人botheraboutsth. 为某事烦恼bothertodosth. 特意/特地做某事havemuchbother(in)doingsth. 做某事有麻烦/费劲3harmfuladj.有害的；可致伤害的(教材P31)Andallofthiswouldbeveryharmful.这一切将是非常有害的。Manyhouseholdproductsarepotentiallyharmful.很多家用产品有潜在的害处。Thenewdrughasprovedtohaveharmfulsideeffects.这种新药有副作用。[知识拓展](1)beharmfulto... 对……有害(2)harmn. 损害，伤害vt. 伤害，损害dosb.harm＝doharmtosb.对某人有害Thereisnoharmindoingsth. 不妨做某事itdoesnoharmtodosth. 不妨做某事4becommittedto投入；承担；致力于；完全旨在(教材P31)Inadditiontoherresearch，shehasbeenwhole­heartedlycommittedtoenvironmentalprotection.除了自己的科研，她还全身心地投入环保事业。Allofus，myselfincluded，havebeentotallycommittedtotheParty.我们大家，包括我本人在内，一直都对党绝对忠诚。Thegovernmentiscommittedtoprotectingtheinterestsoftenants.政府承诺保护租户们的利益。[知识拓展]commitvt. 投入，犯(罪)；做(错事等)； 把……委托于，交付commitsb./oneselfto(doing)sth. 承诺某人/自己(做)某事commitsb./oneselftodosth. 承诺某人/自己做某事committo... 忠于……，全身心地投入……commitacrime 犯罪commitsuicide 自杀[名师点津]commitoneselfto(doing)sth.表示“专心致志于……”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。5makeadifference起作用；产生重大影响(教材P31)Everyindividualmakesadifference.每个人都起重要作用。IbelievedthatIcanmakeadifferenceinthisworld.我坚信世界一定会因我而不同。NothingIsayisgoingtomakeadifferencewithyou.我说的话对你来说没有什么影响。[知识拓展]makesomedifference 有一些影响/关系makenodifference 没有影响；无所谓makeanydifference 有……区别6involvevt.参与；包含(教材P31)Itisbyactingtogether，inthisexcitingway，thatwecaninvolvethousands—millions—ofpeople，andthisiswhatisgoingtochangetheworld.正是通过共同行动，以这种令人兴奋的方式，我们才能让成千上万的人参与进来，这将改变世界。Thetestwillinvolveansweringquestionsaboutaphotograph.考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题。Therewasaseriousincidentinvolvingagroupofyouths.有一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件。[知识拓展]involvedoingsth. 包含/需要做某事involvesb.in(doing)sth. (使)参加，加入be/getinvolvedin 参加，参与；专心于beinvolvedwith... 与……关系密切7absentadj.缺席；不在v.缺席(教材P31)Youcannotbeabsent.你不可能缺席。Lovewastotallyabsentfromhischildhood.他童年时没有得到丝毫关爱。Heabsentedhimselffromthemeetingyesterday.他昨天没有出席会议。[知识拓展](1)beabsentfrom... 不参加……；缺席……(2)intheabsenceofsb.＝inone'sabsence 某人不在时absenceofmind 心不在焉8leave...doing...句型(教材P31)Well，sayyouleavethetaprunningwhileyoubrushyourteeth...比方说你在刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……[句式分析]本句是一个复合句，句中while引导时间状语从句；running是现在分词，作leave的宾语补足语。Don'tleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.不要让她一直在外面雨里等。Thenewsleftmewonderingwhatwouldhappennext.这个消息使我想知道接着会发生什么事情。[知识拓展]leavesb./sth.doing(sth.) 使某人/物正做(某事)leavesth.done 让/使某事被做leavesb./sth.＋n./adj./adv./介词短语 使某人/物成为或止于某种状态9“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构(教材P31)Hundredsandthousandsofrootsandshootscansolvetheproblems，changetheworldandmakeitabetterplacetolivein．成百上千的根和芽可以解决问题，改变世界，使之成为一个更适合居住的地方。[句式分析]本句是一个复合句，makeitabetterplacetolivein是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，此处用名词作宾补；tolivein作定语修饰abetterplace。Wemadehimcaptainofourfootballteam.我们推选他作我们足球队的队长。Ifyouwon'tdoitwillingly，I'llmakeyoudoit!你如果不愿意做那件事，我会强迫你去做！[知识拓展]在“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构中除了形容词可以作宾语补足语外，不定式、过去分词、介词短语、名词或名词短语都可以作宾语补足语。10.standfor代表；容忍(教材P34)WhatdoesNPOstandfor?NPO代表什么？Thepartyistryingtogivetheimpressionthatitalonestandsfordemocracy.该党正试图让大家觉得只有它才是民主的代表。I'mnotstandingforitanylonger.这种事我再也不能容忍了。[知识拓展]standagainst 抵抗，反抗，靠在……上，经受住standback 退后，靠后站standby 袖手旁观，站在一起，帮助，维持standout 突出，出色，显著standupforsb./sth. 支持、维护某人/某物11.comeupwith想出；想到(教材P36)Inthe1960s，agroupofcyclingfanscameupwithanidea.20世纪60年代一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。Severalofthemembershavecomeupwithsuggestionsoftheirown.有几位成员提出了自己的建议。Hecancomeupwithaconvincingexplanation.他能说出令人信服的解释。[知识拓展]comeupto 走近comeup 发生；被提及(无被动式)comeout 出来；出版；开花comeacross (偶然)遇见；碰到comeabout 发生comeat 扑向cometo 达到；总计12.(教材P106)MsYihadacontentedlifeuntilaterribleeventoccurredwhichchangedherlife.易女士一直过着知足的生活，直到一件可怕的事情的发生改变了她的生活。(1)contentedadj.满意的；满足的Wheneverhereturnstothisplaceheishappyandcontented.每次回到这个地方，他都十分快乐，心满意足。Hisfacerelaxesintoacontentedsmile.他面部肌肉放松下来，露出了满意的微笑。[知识拓展]contentn． 内容vt. 使满意，使满足adj. 满意的，满足的becontenttodosth.＝bewilling/readytodosth. 乐意做某事；满足于做某事becontentwithsth.＝besatisfied/pleasedwithsth.对某事满意/满足contentoneselfwithsth. 满足于……；对……感到满意(2)occurvi.发生，出现；被想到(起)Whenexactlydidtheincidentoccur?这一事件究竟是什么时候发生的？Thecrashoccurredwhenthecrewshutdownthewrongengine.机务人员关错了引擎，随即飞机坠毁。[知识拓展](1)sth.occurstosb. 某人突然想到某事itoccurs/occurredtosb.todosth. 某人突然想到要做某事itoccurs/occurredtosb.that... ……的念头/想法出现在某人的头脑里(2)occurrence 发生的事情；存在的事物[名师点津]表示“某人想起……”的短语还有：sth.strikes/hitssb.,sth.comestosb.等。13proposaln．建议，提议(教材P106－107)Thelocalgovernmentagreedwithherproposaltoplantonemilliontreesintheregionovertenyears.当地政府同意她的提议，在10年内在该地区种植100万棵树。Hisproposalthatthesystemshouldbechangedwasrejected.他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。Theproposalhasnotyetpassedthediscussionstage.这个提案还没有通过讨论阶段。[知识拓展]proposevt. 提议，建议；打算；提名proposesth./doingsth. 建议做某事proposetodosth./doingsth. 打算做某事proposesth.tosb. 向某人提议某事/求婚proposethat...(should)dosth. 建议(某人)做某事proposesb.forsth./proposesb.assth. 推荐某人担任14survivaln．继续生存，幸存(教材P107)Nowthetreeshaveasurvivalrateof85%.现在这些树的成活率是85%。Hisonlychanceofsurvivalwasahearttransplant.只有进行心脏移植，他才有望活下去。Alllivingbeingsareendowedwithaninstinctforsurvival.生物都有求生存的本能。[知识拓展](1)survivevi. 幸存；生存下来vt. 幸免于；从……中生还survivesth. 在……中幸免于难，挺过……survive(fromsth.) (从……中)存活下来/留存下来survive(onsth.) (靠……)存活surviveassth. 作为……继续存在survivesb.by...years 比某人多活了……年(2)survivorn. 幸存者15年代表达法(教材P36)Inthe1960s，agroupofcyclingfanscameupwithanidea.20世纪60年代一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。[句式分析]句中的“Inthe1960s”表示“在20世纪60年代”。表示在某个世纪的几十年代，用“inthe＋年份(尾数为0)＋s/'s”。有时年份前还可加修饰词early/middle/late，表示在“某世纪某年代的早期/中期/后期”。Inthe1980s，AmericanexportscrowdedoutEuropeanfilms.20世纪80年代美国出口影片把欧洲影片挤出了市场。Finally，inthe1940sasignificantbreakthroughwasmade.终于，在20世纪40年代，一个重要的突破性的进展产生了。[知识拓展]“inone's＋逢十的基数词的复数”意为“在某人几十岁的时候”。inhisteens 在他十几岁时inhertwenties 在她20多岁时16not...but...不是……，而是……(教材P37)Thenew“whitebikes”werenotactuallywhitebutpaintedinbrightcolours.新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是用鲜艳的颜色粉刷的。[句式分析]句中的not...but...表示“不是……，而是……”，连接两个并列的句子成分，当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词必须与靠近的主语的人称和数保持一致。Readingisfun，notbecausethewriteristellingyousomething，butbecauseitmakesyourmindwork.读书之所以有趣，不是由于作者告诉了你什么，而是由于书本促使你思考。IdiditnotbecauseIlikeditbutbecauseIhadtodoit.我做这事不是因为我喜欢它，而是因为我必须做。[知识拓展]除了not...but...应用就近原则，常见的用就近原则的词组还有：either...or...；neither...not...；notonly...butalso...等。语法语法精讲v．­ing和v.­ed作定语、状语和补足语[观察例句]1．Theexperiencegainedwillbeofgreatvalueandimportanceforallofus.2．TheyoungsittingbetweenmysisterandmybrotherismycousinJack.3．Lookingoutofthewindow，Isawawomanwalkinginthestreet.4．Askedwhyhewaslate，hecried.5．Wesawthemwalkingacrosstheroad.6．Ifoundmyhometownalmostcompletelyrebuilt.[归纳用法]一、分词和分词短语作定语分词作定语时，如果分词只是一个单词，那么，该分词通常位于其所修饰的名词之前；有时单个的分词用作定语也可以放在所修饰的名词之后，这多半是因为该名词或代词不适合作前置定语，或者为了动作的暂时性。如果是分词短语，那么，该短语就位于其所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。分词作定语时，被分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。Wedidn'treachanyagreementontheproblemdiscussed.Thisisreallyanexhaustingdaytoallofus!Moreandmoredevelopingcountriesestablishedstrategicpartnershipwithdevelopedcountries.Helikestodrinkcoldboiledwater.Themansittinginthecornerismybrother.(＝Themanwhoissittinginthecornerismybrother.)单句语法填空①Wecanseethepartofthemoon(light)bysunlight.②Mostofthepeople(invite)tothepartydidnotcome.③Thepeople(work)withmetreatmeliketheirfriend.④Doyouknowtheteacher(talk)withthestudents?【答案】1.lighted2.invited3.working4.talking二、分词和分词短语作状语分词作状语表时间、原因、方式和伴随状况。Heated，themetalexpands.(＝Whenitisheated，themetalexpands.)Beingateacher，Imustworkhard.Shestoodthere，waitingforabus.Hecamein，followedbyagroupofstudents.[名师点津]generally/frankly/strictlyspeaking，considering，judgingby/from，supposing，takingeverythingintoaccount，concerning，comparedto/with等作独立成分，用来解释整句话，当固定短语用。Generallyspeaking，housesinAmericaarebiggerthanhousesinthiscountry.Judgingfromyouraccent，youmustbefromScotland.Supposingwelose，whatshallwedo?Theyhadaheateddiscussionconcerningcertainproblems.Comparedtoyou，I'mold.Consideringhisage，heisunfitforthejob.单句语法填空①(accompany)byhisfriend，hewenttotherailwaystation.②(give)betterattention，theplantscouldgrowbetter.③Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys，footballsorbasketballs，(think)thatallchildrenlikethesethings.④(hear)thenews，tearscameintohiseyes.【答案】1.Accompanied2.Given3.thinking5.Hearing三、分词和分词短语作宾补当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用现在分词(正在进行或一直处于某种状态)；当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时，用过去分词。Wesawhimtalkingtoher.(正在进行)Shekeptuswaitinghereforanhour.(一直处于某种状态)感官动词feel，listento，hear，see，lookat，watch，notice等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用现在分词；是被动关系时，用过去分词作宾补。IsawhimbeatenbyTom.(him与beaten是被动关系)Weheardthemsingingdownstairs.(them与singing是主动关系)变为被动语态时，除主语和宾语互换位置外，分词不动。Theywereseenwalkingacrosstheroad.Thechildrenwereheardsingingsongs.[即学即练3]单句语法填空①Theyshutthedoorandleftthefire(burn)．②Hewatchedtheballoon(blow)away.【答案】1.burning2.blownⅠ.单句语法填空1．Backfromhistwo­yearmedicalserviceinAfrica，Dr.Leewasveryhappytoseehismother(take)goodcareofathome.2．AnnieSalmon，disabled，isattendedthroughoutherschooldaysbyanurse(appoint)toguardher.3．WhenIwaslittle，mymotherusedtositbymybed，(tell)mestoriestillIwasasleep.4．Whenwegotacall(say)shewasshort­listed，wethoughtitwasajoke.5．Thesportsmeet(hold)lastweekisofgreatimportance.6．Heraisedhisvoiceinordertomakehimself(hear)．【答案】1.taken2.appointed3.telling4.saying5.heardⅡ.短文语法填空Acookwascaught1.(smoke)red­handedandtheowneroftherestaurantmadehimhitonroadimmediately.Withsomanystaff2.(look)athim，hefeltveryembarrassed.Hiscolleaguesfounditrightforhim3.(punish)，becausethe4.(light)cigaretteendscouldcausethewholerestauranttocatchfire.Thecookbeggedtheownertogivehimthelastchance.Theownereventuallyhadhimapologizeandgothim5.(fine)．Thecookwasallowedtoremain.Now，heisseen6.(mop)thefloorshardandInoticemanycustomers7.(pass)him.Heremindedthemtomindthesign，8.(read)“NOSMOKING！”Ihearavoiceinmyheart9.(say)“respectyourselfandyouwillfeel10.(value)”．【答案】1.smoking2.looking3.tobepunished4.lighted5.fined6.mopping7.passing8.reading9.saying10.valued写作园地写作园地调查报告写调查报告要写明调查的原因、调查过程、调查结果以及你得出的结论。[基本框架]1．开头(beginning)——调查的原因2．主体(body)——过程和结果3．结尾(ending)——你的观点[常用词块]1．attachgreatimportanceto重视；强调2．beengagedin忙于……3．caterone'sneed满足某人的需要4．counton依靠；依赖5．beabundantin富有……6．bedesperatefor渴望得到……[常用语句]★精彩开头1．Ihaverecentlymadeasurveyamong300boysand300girlsinmyschoolabouttheirpurposesofsurfingtheInternet.最近我对我校的300名男生和300名女生进行了调查，看他们上网做什么。2．Lastweek，wedid/conducted/carriedoutasurveyamongallthestudentsinourschoolonthetimetheyspentinsleepingeveryday.上周，我们就每天的睡眠时间对全校学生进行了调查。3．Recently，inourschoolwemadeasurveywhichshowsthatmoreandmorestudentshavebecomenear­sighted.近期，我们学校做的一项调查表明越来越多的学生变得近视。★正文佳句1．Fromtheabovetable，wecanconclude(that)over20%oftheteenagersareaddictedtosmoking.根据上表，我们可以得出如下结论：超过20%的青少年吸烟上了瘾。2．Asisshownintheabovetable，SeniorThreestudentsspendtheleasttimeinsleeping.如上表所示，高三学生睡眠时间最少。3．Ascanbeseenfromthetableabove，morethan70%ofthestudentshaveformedaverygoodhabitofstudying.从上表可以看出，70%以上的学生已经形成了良好的学习习惯。★余味结尾1．AsfarasIamconcerned，effectivemeasuresshouldbeinstantlytakentohelpstudentstospendmoretimeonsleep.在我看来，应该立即采取有效措施来帮助学生获得更多的休息时间。2．Frommyownperspective，weshouldtakeactiontohelpstudentstomakegooduseoftheirstudytime.在我看来，我们应当采取措施帮助学生好好利用学习时间。3．Inaword，peoplearenowhavingamoreconvenientlife.总之，现在人们正过着更加便利的生活。例题下面图表是对我省某校高三学生选择高考志愿时所考虑因素的调查结果。请根据图表，用英语写一篇简要的报告，并说说你自己的观点。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文章的开头已写好，不计入总词数。Someseniormiddleschoolgraduateshavedifferentopinionsonhowtochoosetheirmajorsanduniversities.Someseniormiddleschoolgraduateshavedifferentopinionsonhowtochoosetheirmajorsanduniversities.About35%ofthestudentsinsistthatthechoiceshouldbebasedontheirowninterest.Theysayinterestisthewayleadingtosuccess.About45%ofthestudents,consideritistheneedofthesocietythatmattersalot.Interestingly,thereareabout20%ofthestudentswhofinditdifficulttomakeachoice.Inmyopinion,interestisthemostimportantofall.Withoutinterestyoucan'tstudythesubjectverywellandmayhavemoredifficultieswithyourcareer.练习假设你是李华，你在9月6日给当地环保局写了一份报告，报告你们家乡的北湖(NorthLake)的现状，内容包括：1．北湖曾经是旅游景点，水清鱼多；2．现在由于工农业污染和当地渔民的过度捕捞，湖水受到污染，鱼类资源几近枯竭；3．你的建议……注意：1.介绍上述所有内容，并适当发挥；2.词数80左右。参考词汇：环保局TheBureauofEnvironmentalProtection【参考范文】To：TheBureauofEnvironmentalProtectionFrom：LiHuaDate：6thSeptemberSubject：TheSituationofNorthLakeNorthLakeusedtobeaplaceofinterest，whosewaterwasveryclear，andtherewerevariousfishinit.EveryyearmanyvisitorscometoNorthLake.Butnowthesituationisbecomingworse.Duetotheindustrialandagriculturalwaste，thewaterhasbeenpolluted.Thefisharebecomingfewerandfewerbecauseofthepollutionandover­fishing.Inconclusion，acertaindepartmentneedstodosomethingtohandletheproblem，orthefishinitwillaltogetherdisappear.Ithinkitshouldimprovethelocalpeople'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thoughhewasrootedhispast，hewasn’tstuckthere.2.Withthehelpofhisuncle，Petersetacompanyofhisown.3.sumup，onlywhentheytakeadvantageoftheirfreetimetoplaysportscantheykeepfitandachievetheirgoals.4.Withnorainforoverayear，thecityissufferingunusuallyhotweather.5.I(firm)believethatwemustactatoncetoputanendtotheconflict.6.Oneofhercousinswas(shoot)deadonlyafewstreetsawayfromwhereshelived.7.Sometimes，Iactasalisteningearforstudentstotalkoverwhat(bother)them.8.Aftermanyyearsofhardwork,shemade(one’s)dreamcometrue.9.Peoplewhoworkinofficesareusuallyreferredto“whitecollarworkers”.10.Ournewofficeislocatedwithinthecentreofthetown，andthelocationis(convenience)forme.【答案】1.in2.up3.To4.from5.firmly6.shot7.isbothering8.her9.as10.convenientⅡ.选词填空allaroundtheworld，takeaction,workthrough,comeupwith，cutbackon,doone’spartfor，plentyof，soonafter1.Shecouldn’tasolutiontotheproblem,sosheturnedtomeforhelp.2.Everyyear,millionsofpeoplevisittheGreatWall.3.You’dbetteryourangerafterbeinginterruptedbyothers.4.Fortunately，thefirewasdiscoveredithadstarted.5.Ifwedon’tsellmore，we’llhavetoproduction.6.Everyyear,peoplegotoseethesightsofBeijing.7.Ihavebeenmystudyallthesedays.8.TheUnitedNationscallsonallthenationstoimmediately.【答案】1.comeupwith2.allaroundtheworld3.workthrough4.soonafter5.cutbackon6.plentyof7.doingmypartfor8.takeaction题组B能力提升练语法填空Astheeffectsofglobalwarming，risingsealevelsandnaturaldisastersbecomemoreserious1.____________before，andsomelocalcommunitiesaretakingaction.AmongthemisonecommunityinFlorida2.____________localpeopleandgovernmentofficialsareprovingsuccessfulinprotecting3.____________(coast)citiesfromthedangersofrisingsealevels.Thecommunityhasstudiedhowmuchsealevelswillriseandhassuggested4.____________(way)toaddresstheproblem.Ithaspersuadedthestategovernment5.____________(ban)newdevelopmentsonlandnearthecoastlineandrecommendedbuildingsanddunes(沙丘)alongbeaches.KristinJacobs，oneofthegroup’sfounders，decidedtotakeactionin2008afteritbecame6.____________(gradual)clearthatherstate’s27waterauthoritiescouldn’tagreeonjoint(联合的)action.WhilesomeFloridagovernmentofficialsdoubtwhethertheclimatewillbecomehotteror7.____________(cold)，thepeople8.____________(live)intheselocationsarecertainoftheneedtoprotecttheircommunities.Atpresent，comingupwithwaystofightagainsttheeffectsofclimatechangeunderalimitedbudget9.____________(be)apressingconcern.Onlytimewilltellwhetherthesecoastalcommunitieswillsucceedin10.____________end.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要讲述了美国佛罗里达州为应对海平面上升而做出的努力。1.than考查介词。由该句中的“more”可知，此处表示比较的含义，故填介词than。2.where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词onecommunityinFlorida，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该定语从句。3.coastal考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词coastal修饰名词cities，作定语。4.ways考查名词。way是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，应用其复数形式，故填ways。5.toban考查非谓语动词。persuadesbtodosth“劝说某人做某事”为固定用法，故用不定式作宾语补足语。6.gradually考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词gradually修饰其前的动词became，在句中作状语。7.colder考查比较级。根据语境中的“or”可知，此处与“hotter”相对应，应用形容词比较级，故填colder。8.living考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主语thepeople和动词live构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。9.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“Atpresent”可知，此处应用一般现在时；又因为该句的主语为动名词短语comingupwithways，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is。10.the考查冠词。intheend意为“最终”，为固定搭配，故填定冠词the。题组C培优拔尖练阅读理解Mostofushavebeeninthissituation：You’reonyourwaytoyourfriend’shouse，thenyousuddenlyaskyourself，“DidIremembertoturnthelightsoff？”Forthosewithsmarthomes，however，thiswouldn’tbeaproblem.Overthelastfewyears，smarthometechnologyhasbecomemorepopular.Thankstouser-friendlyproductslikeintelligentlightingandheatingcontrollers，peoplecancontrolnearlyeveryelectricalitemintheirhomesfromanywhereintheworld.Whilesmarthomesaren’tnew，companieslikePhilipsandXiaomihavefinallybroughtautomationtoeverydaypeoplewithaffordableproductslikeartificialintelligence(AI)speakersandsensors.“Theobviousmessageisthatyoucanstopwastingenergy，”TomKerber，directorofresearchforU.S.-baseddigitalcompanyParksAssociates，toldTheGuardian.Andthetech