2023-2024学年江苏省基地大联考高三（上）第一次质检英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023-2024学年江苏省基地大联考高三（上）第一次质检英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ASantaClausExpressTrain—FatherChristmasisComingtoTown!RighttothecoolTrainHistoryParkofHungary.

SantaClausTrainisagreattrainprogramtowelcomeSantaClauswiththekids，thistimeintheHungarianRailwayMuseum，oneofthebestmuseumswithchildren（andtrainenthusiasts）inBudapest.

Eventdates：Dec8，Dec9andDec10（Sunday）in2023

ThesteamengineexpresstrainwilltakethechildrenandparentsfromNyugatiTrainStationtotheRailwayMuseuminBudapest.TheOrientHalloftheTrainMuseumturnsintoafestivepartyandstagetowarmlywelcomeSantaandhishelperswhobringlotsofgoodiesandgiftsforthekids.Thereisusuallyashow，goodiebagsfromSanta，etc.

BookingtheticketsfortheSantaClaustrainisfrommidOctober.

AndifyoushouldbewonderingwhytheSantaClauscomessoearlyinHungary，atthebeginningofDecember，ratherthanasFatherChristmasshould，atChristmas，thefactisthatinHungary，SantaClaushasaspecialday，Dec6（StNikolaus'sday），whiletheChristmaspresentsinHungaryarebroughtbytheBabyJesus（ortheLittleAngel）.Don'taskhowkidsbelievethatababyshouldbesostrong.Theydo.SoaproperHungarianSantaClaus（TelapoakaMikulas）shouldcomearoundDec6.

Moreinfoaboutthespecialchildrentrain，andbookingtickets：

MagyarVasúttörténetiPark（Address：95TataiWay，DistrictXIV，postcode1142/Budapest，Tataiút95.）

Tel./fax：（06-1）450-1497

EmailandbookingtheSantaClaustrainseats：info@vasuttortenetipark.hu1.Accordingtothepassage，parentsarerequiredto______.A.bringsomegoodiesandgifts B.booktheticketsaheadoftime

C.beenthusiasticaboutthetrain D.contactSantaClauswithkids2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefestival？______A.ItiscelebratedinthewholeEurope.

B.ItisthesameasnormalChristmas.

C.IthappensearlyDecemberweekend.

D.Itcallsforattentiontospecialkids.3.Wheredoyouthinkthepassageistakenfrom？______A.Atraveljournal. B.Atouristguide.

C.Ageographytextbook. D.Apublicspeech.BLifelongdisabilityrightsactivistJenniferabandonedherwheelchairattheyoungageof8tocrawluptheCapitolsteps，forcingCongresstopassalandmarkcivilrightslawthatincreasedaccessforthosewithdisabilitiesandremovedbarriers."DoingtheCapitolCrawl—itwasn'tjusttoclaimmyrights，butitwasalsotoclaimtherightsofmygenerationandfuturegenerationsofkidswithdisabilities，"Jennifersaid.

Jenniferwasayounggirlwhohaddreamsofonedayattendingcollegeandlivingafulfillinglife.Atage2，Jenniferwasdiagnosedwithadiseasethataffectsthebrainandleavesherusingawheelchair.Jenniferwasabrightandbravegirl，yetwhensheattemptedtoattendschool，shewasarrangedtoseparateclassesforstudentswithdisabilities，regardlessofwhatshecoulddo.Shefoundherselfunabletoattendsomeschoolactivities，andaccessgovernmentbuildings.Jenniferacceptedthelimitationsofherphysicallife，butnotthelimitationsofthephysicalworldaroundher.

JenniferbecameactiveincampaigningfortheAmericanswithDisabilitiesAct.Shejoinedinpeacefulprotestsand，atage7，wasarrestedinMontreal，amomentinhistorythatshockedNorthAmerica.Atage8，JennifertraveledtoWashingtonD.C.TheshybutdeterminedlittlegirlcaughttheattentionofthecountrywhenshecrawledunaideduptheCapitolsteps.Itworked.JennifermetwithCongress，andPresidentGeorgeH.W.BushsignedtheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActintolaw.

Jenniferremainsanactivisttoday，makingsureallpeoplewithdisabilitiesaretreatedfairlyandhaveequalaccesstopublicplaces，schoolsandbusinesses.Theonlybarriersthatremainarethoseofviewpoints.Jenniferwantsallofustoknowthatphysicaldisabilitiesarenotabarriertofriendship，careeropportunitiesorlove.ShegraduatedfromArizonaStateUniversitywithadegreeinfamilyandhumandevelopment.Forher，likeallofus，makingadifferencebeginsonestepatatime，nomatterhowharditis.4.WhatcanweknowaboutJenniferfromthetext？______A.Sheenjoyedremovingbarriersforothers.

B.Shejoinedinmakingalawforthedisabled.

C.Shewantedthedisabledtobeequallytreated.

D.Shetriedtofightformorerightsforherself.5.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2？______A.Thesocietydiscriminatedagainstthedisabled.

B.Thegirlhadtosubmitherselftotherealworld.

C.Theschoolshowedspecialcareforthedisabled.

D.Thedisabledgainedfreeaccesstopublicplaces.6.HowdidJennifergettheAmericanswithDisabilitiesActsignedintolaw？______A.Bydemonstratingherdetermination.

B.BytravellingtoWashingtonD.

C.C.BydeliveringaspeechtoCongress.

D.Byparticipatinginpeacefulprotests.7.What'stheremainingbarriertofairtreatmentforthedisabled？______A.Buildingalong-timefriendship.

B.Obtainingadegreeinuniversity.

C.Changingpeople'sfixedmindset.

D.Seizingmorecareeropportunities.CDurham，26yearsold，isoneofmanysocial-mediacareerinfluencerswhohaverisentofamebysharingtipsaboutworkwithacasual，accessibletone.Regardlessoftheirlocations，thesecontentcreatorsoftenadoptasimilarstyle：Filmingthemselvestalkingtothecameraabouttopicssuchashowtostandoutintheinterviews，negotiatesalaries，handleperformancereviewsandcommunicatewithmanagers.

Whilecareercoachingisnotanewindustry，expertssaysocialmediaprovidesanewwaytodeliverthisinformationthat'sparticularlyappealingtoyoungworkersrightnow.MaryChayko，aprofessoratRutgersUniversity，saysseekingadviceonsocialmediafeelsmoreconvenientandefficienttoyoungpeople.

Evenifinfluencerslacktheirownextendedprofessionaltenure（终身职位），andoftendon'tholdcoachingcertificates，expertssaytheyhavequalitiesthatmakefollowerstrustthem.Theirtransparency（透明性）makesthemfeellargelyaccessibleandeasy-going.Theircasualstyleappealstoaudiences，becauseitoffersglimpsesintowhotheyareaspeople."Notbeingtoopolishedinthewaythatyoupresentyourselfisanotherindicatorthatyouaresomebodywhocanbetrusted，"Chaykosays.

Whilesocialmediaadvicecanbemotivating，ithasitslimitations.VideosonInstagramandTikToktendtobefairlybroad，relyingongeneralizationsaboutcultureandhumanbehaviorthatmaynotapplytoaperson'sindividualsituation.Moreover，manyofthedecision-makersintheworkforcebelongtooldergenerations，meaningthatyoungworkers'abilitytounderstandthevaluesoftheseleaderswillalsobeimportant.Relyingsolelyonyoungercoachescouldnarrowtheirknowledgescope（范围）.

Yetforyoungworkers，followingcareerinfluencersmaybeasmuchenterprisingasitispractical.Influencersdemonstrateanidealizedworkpersona（职场人士形象），conveyingasenseofcontrolandconfidencethatmanypeoplelongforintheirprofessionallives.8.WhyisEmilyDurhammentionedinthebeginning？______A.Topresentafact. B.Todescribeascene.

C.Toexplainaconcept. D.Tointroducethetopic.9.WhatdoesMaryChaykotellusinparagraph2？______A.Theyoungareeagerfornewcareers.

B.Theyoungareaddictedtosocialmedia.

C.Theyoungenjoyspreadinginformation.

D.Theyoungtendtoaskforadviceonline.10.Whycancareerinfluencersappealtotheirfollowers？______A.Theypossesssomecoachingcertificates.

B.Theyownextendedprofessionaltenure.

C.Theygivethepublicpolishedappearance.

D.Theytrytobeseeminglyworthyoftrust.11.Whatdoesparagraph4focusonconcerningsocialmediacareeradvice？______A.Itsbenefits. B.Itsfunctions.

C.Itsshortcomings. D.Itsfeatures.DAstheworldchanges，humansencounternewthingsthatneedtobedescribedusingafixedsetofwords.Acommonstrategyistoreuseexistingwords—i.e.，wordmeaningextension.Forexample，"mouse"canrefertoacomputercontroldevicenow.Childrenalsoextendwordmeaningscreativelyastheylearntheirlanguages.

Brochhagenetal.presentsevidencethattheextensionprocessthatgivesrisetonewtermsintheshorttermisthesameprocessthatgeneratespatternsbetweenlanguagesoverthelongterm.Theirfindingshavemajorimplicationsforthestudyoflanguagechangeoverevolutionaryhistory.

Brochhagenetal.usedthreedifferentdatabasets：adatabaseofcommonerrorsmadebychildrenwhenlearningtocommunicate，adatabaseofdocumentedhistoricalsemantic（语义的）shifts（forexample，themeaningof"viral"recentlyshiftedfrom"causedbyavirus"to"spreadingwidely"），andaglobaldatabasecontaininginformationaboutwhichwordshavethesamemeaningindifferentlanguages.

Theresearchersfoundthatthereisasharedfoundation.Theyarguethatthiscommonalityisnotanoutcomeofchildhooderrorsbecomingadulthoodnorms.Instead，theybelievethatthereisanunderlyingcommonfoundation—creativity.Thatis，bothchildrenandadultsusetheirrichknowledgeoftheworldandtheobjectsinittolabel（贴标签于）newthingsonthebasisoftheirsimilaritytothingstheyalreadyknow.Itisthiscreativitythatcouldcausethewordmeaningextensioninlanguageevolution.

TheanalysisofBrochhagenetal.addstorecentstudiesshowingthatsmall-scaleprocessescanhaveagreateffectonlanguagesatalargerscale.Forexample，wordsthatarecommonlyusedorhaveabstractfeaturesindailyspeechtendtobethosethatevolvemoreslowlyinthelongterm.Similarly，evidenceindicatesthatlow-levelcognitivehabits，suchasapreferencefortakingnounphrasesasthecoreofasentence，mayhaveshapedtheglobalpatternsoflanguagediversity.Takentogether，thesefindingshaveimportantimplicationsforinvestigatinglanguages.12.Whatisthecommonwayofdescribingnewthings？______A.Addingnewmeaningstoexistingwords.

B.Creatingnewwordswithsimilarmeanings.

C.Restoringwordsthathaveeverabandoned.

D.Borrowingwordsfromforeignlanguages.13.Howdidtheresearchersgettheirfindings？______A.Bymakinglanguageerrorslikechildren.

B.Bycollectingdatafromdifferentangles.

C.Bycreatingnewwordsinthelongterm.

D.Byarguingwithpeopleinthesamefield.14.Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson？______A.Theeffectofgloballanguagediversity.

B.Themethodsoflanguageinvestigation.

C.Thefindingsaboutlanguageevolution.

D.Theprocessofwordmeaningextension.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.Whychildrenmakesimilarerrors B.Whypeopleextendwordmeanings

C.Howchildrenlearnnewlanguages D.Howpeopledescribenewthings二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Fornewlyadmittedcollegestudents，adaptingtotheacademicenvironmentincollegewillbeanewchallenge.Thestudyskillsusedinhighschoolmaybeadisadvantageinyourcollegeexperience.Incollege，professorsarenotconcernedifyoupassorfail.（1）______

Toprepareforthecourseloadahead，itisimportanttostartfindingwaystoimproveyourstudyhabits.Somestudentsmaintainstudyhabitsthatworkforthem，whetheritisactiverecallorreviewingtheirnotesbeforeanexam.（2）______Theystayuplateforexamstomorroworleaveassignmentstothelastminute.

Clubscanmakeitchallengingforyoutosettleintotheroutineofhighereducation.（3）______Developingandpractisingeffectivestudyhabitswillhelpyoustayorganizedandallowyoutodevelopintoadisciplinedcollegestudentevenifyouhavealotofclubactivitiestoattend.

（4）______Sogetacollegeplannerassoonaspossible!Thismightbearegularplanner，asimplenotepadorawallcalendar.Sitdownearlyinthesemesterandscheduleyourupcomingdeadlines，assignments，examsandstudytimeonyourweeklyplanner.Onceyouhaveorganizedyourassignmentsandstudytimeforthesemester，makeeveryefforttosticktothatschedule.

Youmaypreferadigitalscheduleandcalendar.（5）______Testdates，extracurricularactivities，studyperiods，andassignmentduedatescanallbesetasreminderssoyouwillnevermissadeadline.

A.Herearetipstowinprofessors'support.

B.Manyothershavenotformedsuchhabits.

C.Considercreatinganagendaonyourdevices.

D.Organizationisimportantforsuccessincollege.

E.Buttheyfindreferencebooksfortheirresearchinthelibrary.

F.Therefore，beingself-reliantanddeterminedincollegeisimportant.

G.Fortunately，theseactivitiesdon'tpreventyoufromearningyourdegree.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Weallhavedreamsforourkids.EventhoughhersonLeonisjustababy，Tamandanihopeshewillbecomea（1）______someday.Whenhewasbornwithclubfoot（畸形足），Tamandanithoughtthosedreamswouldnotcomeinto（2）______.

After（3）______Leonwasbornwithadisability，Tamandani'shusbandleftherandhernewborn.Thetotal（4）______ofcarenowfallsonhershoulders.Tamandanisupportsthefamilywithasmallbusinessthat（5）______meetstheirdailyneeds.Thecostoftransportationtoaclubfootclinicwasnotsomethingshehadworkedintotheir（6）______.

Shortlyafterhisbirth，thedistricthospital（7）______Leon'sfamilytotheHopeWalkspartnerclinicatBlantyreinMalawi.TamandanitookLeontohisfirstvisit，whereclinicians（8）______thefirstcast（石膏）inthePonsetimethodoftreatment.Leoncriedalotmakinghermomfearthecastwastooheavyforher（9）______legs.

TheparentadvisorGertrudewasvery（10）______withTamandani，educatingherabouttheclubfoottreatmentprocess，encouragingher，andstrengtheningthisyoungmom's（11）______.TamandanibelongstotheChurchofCentralAfricanPresbyterian，butthroughthis（12）______.sheacceptedChristashersavior（救星）.

"Originally，I（13）______hopethatmychildcouldbetreatedfromclubfoot，"Tamandanisaid."Ididn'tevenknowwheretogoforthetreatment.ButIthankGodforhis（14）______.IndeedGod'stimingisthebest."

WhoknowsifLeonwillsomedaybeapoliceofficerashismotherdreams？Now（15）______thankstoherhealing，itispossible.21.A.fireman B.sportsman C.policeman D.businessman22.A.practice B.reality C.effect D.sight23.A.realizing B.deciding C.admitting D.anticipating24.A.passion B.prejudice C.stress D.guidance25.A.completely B.ultimately C.broadly D.barely26.A.schedule B.assessment C.budget D.principle27.A.referred B.contributed C.extended D.distributed28.A.combined B.applied C.exposed D.operated29.A.healthy B.strong C.broken D.delicate30.A.anxious B.guilty C.content D.patient31.A.faith B.doubt C.worry D.position32.A.trick B.trial C.sample D.route33.A.offered B.embraced C.raised D.lost34.A.presence B.blessing C.devotion D.cooperation35.A.atlarge B.atrandom C.atleast D.atbest四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Renownedforitsterracottawarriors，theancientChinesecityofXi'aninShaanxiprovinceisalsoafoodparadise.DuetoitslocationontheancientSilkRoad，foodsinXi'an（1）______（influence）byplacesfarandwide.Withalonghistoryofgrowingwheat，Xi'anishometovariouskindsofflour-basedfood，（2）______evensimplenoodlesappearindifferentshapes，sizesandtastes.

RoujiamoisoneofthemostfamousstreetfoodsinXi'anandisalsoknownasChina's（3）______（simplify）versionofthehamburger.

Yangroupaomo，isanothersignaturefoodofXi'an，andit（4）______（date）backto11thcenturyBC.

Biangbiangnoodlesarethick，fatandlong.Eachbelt-likestrandisthreefingerswide，spiralingdownintoabigbowl.BiangbiangnoodlesarepopularamongChinese（5）______itsdistinctivetasteaswellasitsname，（6）______isacharactersocomplicatedmanyChinesedon'tevenknowhowtowriteit.

Liangpiarecoldnoodlesmadefromwheatorriceflour，and（7）______populardishinmanyotherplacesinChina，（8）______（especial）insummer.

Youpomian，oil-sprayednoodleswithspicysauce，arehand-pullednoodleswithasizzlingoildressing.Boilingoilispouredoverthetop（9）______（create）aspecialfragrancewhenserving.

Apparently，Xi'anshowsgreat（10）______（mature）infoodculture，attractingmanytouristseveryyear.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假如你是李华，负责你校英文经典阅读书评写作比赛（WritingCompetitionofEnglishClassicsBookReview）的评审工作，请你给外教Josh写一封邮件邀请他担任评委。内容包括：

（1）比赛介绍：

（2）评比要求。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

DearJosh，

Yours，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

EricraisedhisdaughterRileyalone.Oneday，Ericnoticedayoungteenageboystandinginfrontofadrugstore.Heapproachedhim，andfoundoutthattheboywantedtobuymedicineforhissickmother，buthadnomoney.Theboycriedout，"IfIdon'tbringhomemedicine，mymomwilldie.ButIwon'tbeabletohandleit."

Uponhearingthis，Ericdidn'thesitatetopayforthemedicine."I'llpayforthemedicineonhisbehalf，"hesaid，handingthepharmacist（药剂师）acoupleofbillsfromhispocket.TheboylookedatEricwithgratefuleyes，andcried，"Thankyousomuch.Youareheaven-sent."

"Therewillalwaysbepeoplewillingtohelpyou，son，"Erictoldhimbeforehandinghimtwoportionsoffood."Here，takethistoyourmomandhaveahotmealwithher，"hesaidbeforelettingtheboygo.

HisdaughterRileysawthewholesceneandsaid，"Dad，wehavebarelyenoughmoney.Whydidyoupayforthemedicine？""Riley，thegoodyouputoutintotheworldwilleventuallyfinditswaybacktoyou.Justkeepdoinggood，"Erictoldhisdaughter.

WhenRileyturnedthirty，sheneededanoperationurgentlyafterbeingtoldtherewassomethingwrongwithherheart.Withdifficultybreathing，EricrushedRileytothehospitalinanambulance."You'llbealright，Riley，"hecried."Don'tworry；Daddyishere.We'llgetthroughthistogether，"hepromisedher.

Ericdidtryhisbesttofindthemoneyforhisdaughter'soperation.Heaskedallofhisfriends，butitwasstillnotenough.Therefore，Ericdecidedtoselltheirhouse.Itwasenoughtopayforheroperation，buttheywouldbeleftwithnothing."It'sokay，"hetoldhimself."Iwillbeabletoearnmoneyagain，butifIlosemydaughter，nothingwilleverbringherback."

BythetimeEricmadeitbacktothehospital，Rileywasinherhospitalroom，weakandpale.Hesatbesideherbedandheldherhand."You'llbeokay，mysweetdaughter.We'llsoonhavethemoneyfortheoperation，"hepromisedher.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

Ericsuddenlynoticedanenvelopeonthebed.

Herantothedoctor'sofficeandhuggedhim.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、C、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第五段Booking

the

tickets

for

the

Santa

Claus

train

is

from

mid

October.（圣诞老人列车的订票时间从10月中旬开始。）可知根据文章，父母被要求提前订票。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第六段So

a

proper

Hungarian

Santa

Claus

（Telapo

aka

Mikulas）

should

come

around

Dec

6.（所以真正的匈牙利圣诞老人（TelapoakaMikulas）应该在12月6日左右出现。）再结合常识12月6日左右应该是周末。所以这个节日发生在十二月初的那个周末。故选C。

（3）文章出处题。阅读全文可知这篇短文主要介绍了匈牙利的圣诞老人火车活动。这个活动将在匈牙利铁路博物馆举行，孩子们和父母将乘坐蒸汽火车从Nyugati火车站前往铁路博物馆，欢迎圣诞老人和他的助手们，他们会带来许多好吃的和礼物。在匈牙利，圣诞老人会在12月6日（圣尼古拉斯日）来到，而圣诞礼物则是由婴儿耶稣或小天使带来的。预订圣诞老人火车的票务将在10月中旬开始。所以会出现在旅游指南中。故选B。

这篇短文主要介绍了匈牙利的圣诞老人火车活动。这个活动将在匈牙利铁路博物馆举行，孩子们和父母将乘坐蒸汽火车从Nyugati火车站前往铁路博物馆，欢迎圣诞老人和他的助手们，他们会带来许多好吃的和礼物。在匈牙利，圣诞老人会在12月6日（圣尼古拉斯日）来到，而圣诞礼物则是由婴儿耶稣或小天使带来的。预订圣诞老人火车的票务将在10月中旬开始。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】C、A、A、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Doing

the

Capitol

Crawl—it

wasn't

just

to

claim

my

rights，but

it

was

also

to

claim

the

rights

of

my

generation

and

future

generations

of

kids

with

disabilities（国会大厦爬行——这不仅仅是为了维护我的权利，也是为了维护我这一代和未来几代残疾儿童的权利）可知，Jennifer想要残疾人被公平对待。故选C。

（2）推理段落题。根据第二段Jennifer

was

a

bright

and

brave

girl，yet

when

she

attempted

to

attend

school，she

was

arranged

to

separate

classes

for

students

with

disabilities，regardless

of

what

she

could

do.She

found

herself

unable

to

attend

some

school

activities，and

access

government

buildings.Jennifer

accepted

the

limitations

of

her

physical

life，but

not

the

limitations

of

the

physical

world

around

her.（詹妮弗是一个聪明勇敢的女孩，但当她试图上学时，她被安排为残疾学生分班，不管她能做什么。她发现自己无法参加一些学校活动，也无法进入政府大楼。詹妮弗接受了自己物质生活的局限，但没有接受周围物质世界的局限。）可知，从第二段可以推断出社会对残疾人的歧视。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段The

shy

but

determined

little

girl

caught

the

attention

of

the

country

when

she

crawled

unaided

up

the

Capitol

steps.It

worked.Jennifer

met

with

Congress，and

President

George

H.W.Bush

signed

the

Americans

with

Disabilities

Act

into

law.（当这个害羞但坚定的小女孩独自爬上国会大厦的台阶时，引起了全国的注意。它奏效了。詹妮弗会见了国会，乔治•H•W•布什总统签署了《美国残疾人法案》，使之成为法律。）可知，詹妮弗通过展示自己的决心使《美国残疾人法案》签署成为法律。故选A。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段The

only

barriers

that

remain

are

those

of

viewpoints.Jennifer

wants

all

of

us

to

know

that

physical

disabilities

are

not

a

barrier

to

friendship，career

opportunities

or

love.（剩下的唯一障碍是观点。詹妮弗想让我们所有人都知道，身体残疾并不是友谊、职业机会或爱情的障碍。）可知，残疾人公平待遇的剩余障碍是改变人们的固定心态。故选C。

本文为记叙文。短文主要写了终身残疾权利活动家詹妮弃用轮椅，在8岁时爬上国会大厦的台阶，迫使国会通过了一项具有里程碑意义的民权法律，增加了残疾人的进入权并消除了障碍。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。8~11.【答案】D、D、D、C【解析】（1）写作意图题。根据第一段Durham，26

years

old，is

one

of

many

social-media

career

influencers

who

have

risen

to

fame

by

sharing

tips

about

work

with

a

casual，accessible

tone.Regardless

of

their

locations，these

content

creators

often

adopt

a

similar

style：Filming

themselves

talking

to

the

camera

about

topics

such

as

how

to

stand

out

in

the

interviews，negotiate

salaries，handle

performance

reviews

and

communicate

with

managers.（26岁的达勒姆是众多社交媒体网红之一，他们通过以随意、平易近人的语气分享工作技巧而声名鹊起。无论他们在哪里，这些内容创作者通常都采用类似的风格：拍摄自己对着镜头谈论一些话题，比如如何在面试中脱颖而出、协商薪水、处理绩效评估以及与经理沟通。）可知，文章开头提到EmilyDurham是为了引出主题多社交媒体网红。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Mary

Chayko，a

professor

at

Rutgers

University，says

seeking

advice

on

social

media

feels

more

convenient

and

efficient

to

young

people.（罗格斯大学教授MaryChayko表示，对年轻人来说，在社交媒体上寻求建议更方便、更高效。）可知，MaryChayko在第2段中告诉我们，年轻人倾向于在网上寻求建议。故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据第三段Their

casual

style

appeals

to

audiences，because

it

offers

glimpses

into

who

they

are

as

people."Not

being

too

polished

in

the

way

that

you

present

yourself

is

another

indicator

that

you

are

somebody

who

can

be

trusted，"Chayko

says.（他们的休闲风格吸引着观众，因为它让我们看到了他们作为人的样子。Chayko说："你展现自己的方式不太精致是另一个迹象，表明你是一个值得信任的人。"）可知，职业网红吸引着他们的粉丝，因为他们试图看起来值得信任。故选D。

（4）段落大意题。根据第四段While

social

media

advice

can

be

motivating，it

has

its

limitations.（虽然社交媒体的建议可以激励人，但也有其局限性。）可知，第4段关注社交媒体职业建议的缺点。故选C。

本文为说明文。文章主要讨论了社交媒体职业影响者如何通过分享工作技巧而走红，他们的风格通俗易懂，吸引了大量年轻工作者的关注。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。12~15.【答案】A、B、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的A

common

strategy

is

to

reuse

existing

words

—

i.e.，word

meaning

extension.For

example，"mouse"

can

refer

to

a

computer

control

device

now（一种常见的策略是重复使用现有的单词，即词义扩展。例如，"鼠"现在可以指计算机控制设备），可知给现有单词添加新的含义是描述新事物的常用方式，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段的Brochhagen

et

al.used

three

different

databasets（Brochhagen等人使用了三个不同的数据库），可知研究人员通过从不同角度收集数据得出了他们的发现，故选B。

（3）段落大意题。根据最后一段The

analysis

of

Brochhagen

et

al.adds

to

recent

studies

showing

that

small-scale

processes

can

have

a

great

effect

on

languages

at

a

larger

scale.For

example，words

that

are

commonly

used

or

have

abstract

features

in

daily

speech

tend

to

be

those

that

evolve

more

slowly

in

the

long

term.Similarly，evidence

indicates

that

low-level

cognitive

habits，such

as

a

preference

for

taking

noun

phrases

as

the

core

of

a

sentence，may

have

shaped

the

global

patterns

of

language

diversity.Taken

together，these

findings

have

important

implications

for

investigating

languages（Brochhagen等人的分析表明，最近的研究表明，小规模的过程可以在更大范围内对语言产生巨大影响。例如，日常言语中常用或具有抽象特征的单词往往是那些长期进化较慢的单词。同样，有证据表明，低水平的认知习惯，例如偏好将名词短语作为句子的核心，可能塑造了语言多样性的全球模式。总之，这些发现对研究语言具有重要意义），可知最后一段集中讨论了有关语言进化的发现，故选C。

（4）标题判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段的As

the

world

changes，humans

encounter

new

things

that

need

to

be

described

using

a

fixed

set

of

words（随着世界的变化，人类遇到了需要用一组固定的单词来描述的新事物），可知本文主要介绍人们描述新事物的方法，所以D.How

people

describe

new

things（人们如何描述新事物）能够反映文章的主题，是一个合适的标题，故选D。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了人们描述新事物所需要的新词汇的创造方法。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。16~20.【答案】F、B、G、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据上文The

study

skills

used

in

high

school

may

be

a

disadvantage

in

your

college

experience.In

college，professors

are

not

concerned

if

you

pass

or

fail.（高中时使用的学习技能可能对你的大学经历不利。在大学里，教授们并不关心你是及格还是不及格。）可知下文是大学里面需要靠自己。F项Therefore，being

self-reliant

and

determined

in

college

is

important.（因此，在大学里自力更生和下定决心是很重要的。）符合语境。故选F。

（2）细节理解题。根据上文Some

students

maintain

study

habits

that

work

for

them，whether

it

is

active

recall

or

reviewing

their

notes

before

an

exam.（一些学生保持着对他们有用的学习习惯，无论是主动回忆还是在考试前复习笔记。）可知下文是其他学生的情况。B项Many

others

have

not

formed

such

habits.（许多其他人还没有养成这样的习惯。）符合语境。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据下文Developing

and

practising

effective

study

habits

will

help

you

stay

organized

and

allow

you

to

develop

into

a

disciplined

college

student

even

if

you

have

a

lot

of

club

activities

to

attend.

（培养和练习有效的学习习惯将有助于你保持条理，并使你成为一名纪律严明的大学生，即使你有很多俱乐部活动要参加。）可知上文是参加这些俱乐部的好处。G项Fortunately，these

activities

don't

prevent

you

from

earning

your

degree.（幸运的是，这些活动并没有阻止你获得学位。）符合语境。故选G。

（4）段落大意题。根据下文So

get

a

college

planner

as

soon

as

possible!This

might

be

a

regular

planner，a

simple

notepad

or

a

wall

calendar.（所以尽快找个大学规划师吧！这可能是一个常规的计划，一个简单的记事本或挂历。）可知本段主要介绍了组织的重要性。D项Organization

is

important

for

success

in

college.（组织对大学的成功很重要。）符合语境。故选D。

（5）细节理解题。根据上文

You

may

prefer

a

digital

schedule

and

calendar.

（您可能更喜欢数字时间表和日历。）可知下文是要创建一个日程表。C项Consider

creating

an

agenda

on

your

devices.（考虑在你的设备上创建一个议程。）符合语境。故选C。

本文为说明文。文章主要介绍一些方法可以快速的适应大学生活。

七选五解题时

1.可以先看选项。跟完形填空不一样，七选五的答案选项较少，并且给出的都是句子，因此，我们可以通过句子的完整性或者句子后面的标点符号来判断该句在文章中的位置。另外，通过阅读选项，有可能找出跟其它选项表达完全不同意思的句子，这样的话我们就可以直接将该选项排除。

2.再看空前空后

由于七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。

3.注意代词或定冠词

在做这类题目的时候，一定要注意句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词，因为我们知道，代词是指代一个名词或者一个句子的，然后通过代词在句子中所做的成分我们可以推断出它指代的句子的类型，我们要做的就是从选项中找这类句型就可以了。

4.注意特殊疑问词

如果选项中或空前出现特殊疑问词，一定要把这句话仔细读几遍，因为对于不同特殊疑问词的回答方式是不一样的，比如对why的回答，后面要有because等表原因的词，对when的回答，后面要有表时间的状语，对where的回答，后面要有表地点的名词，对how的回答，后面要有方式状语等。

5.注意连词

如一些表示转折的连词，but，However，yet，though，nevertheless等，另外还有一些表示并列关系的连词如and，also，aswellas，neithernor，eitheror，not因为这些连词可以表现句子与句子之间的关系，通过不同的连词我们可以推知句子与句子之间不同的关系。21~35.【答案】C、B、A、C、D、C、A、B、D、D、A、B、D、B、C【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.fireman消防员；B.sportsman运动员；C.policeman警察；D.businessman商人。根据后文Who

knows

if

Leon

will

someday

be

a

police

officer

as

his

mother

dreams？可知谁知道莱昂是否有一天会像他母亲梦想的那样成为一名警察？说明塔曼达尼希望有一天他能成为一名警察。故答案为C。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.practice练习；B.reality事实；C.effect影响；D.sight景色。根据上句When

he

was

born

with

clubfoot可知当塔曼达尼出生时患有马蹄内翻足，他认为这些梦想不会成真。comeintoreality成为现实。故答案为B。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.realizing意识到；B.deciding决定；C.admitting允许；D.anticipating期盼。根据空后Leon

was

born

with

a

disability，Tamandani's

husband

left

her

and

her

newborn.可知在意识到莱昂天生残疾后，塔曼达尼