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socialtypical&acuity&popularity&precocity:(Ofbehaviororability)havingdevelopedatanearlieragethanisusualorexpected.<Whenquiteachild,thelittleVampadisplayedamostextraordinaryprecocity.>PabloPicassowas youth;hisextraordinaryartistictalentwasobviousataveryearly ananaaaaNotwantingtospeak ,Julia theurgetoannounceherscientificfindinguntilshehaddouble-checkedthedata.Blank Blank D. E. F.severe:harshandthreateninginmanneror<Beforeshecouldreply,mymotherlaunchedintosevererough,rugged,stark,ungentleTheauthorconstructedascenarioinwhichplayful,creativechildrenarerewardedfortheir(i)andstrict,douradultsarepunishedfortheir(ii).Blank Blank D. E. F.contradiction:someoneorsomethingwithqualitiesorfeaturesthatseemtoconflictwithoneanother.<Thecontradictionsbetweenherprivatelifeandthepublicpersona.>Thehistoryoffilmreflectsthe inherentinthemediumitself:filmcombinesstillphotographstorepresentcontinuousmotionand,whileseemingtopresentlifeitself,canalsoofferimpossibleanddreamlikeunrealities. Ifsomethingbadorundesirableabates,itbecomesmuchlessstrongorsevere.<Thedoctorgavehimsomemedicinetoabatethepowerfulpain.>减轻：allayalleviateassuageeasemollifypalliate,relieve,soothe,moderate,soften,temper,reduce,Byrecyclingmaterialsandsalvagingunusedsupplies,thehealthcareindustrycan amountofwasteitgenerates.Manyanimalsareableto theharmfuleffectsofcoldweatherbymeansoffeathers,furorblubber.compatible:Ifthings,forexamplesystems,ideas,andbeliefs,arecompatible,theyworkwelltogetherorcanexisttogethersuccessfully.<MarriageandthelifeIlivejustdon't可以并存的accordantcoherentconformable(to),consonantcorrespondent(withorto)harmoniousRousseau'sshortdiscourse,aworkthatwas thecautious,unadornedproseoftheday,deviatedfromthatprosestyleinitsdiscussionofthephysicalsciences.criticalof..superiorto..bolderthan..consistentwith..influencedby..inevitable:Ifsomethingisinevitable,itiscertainhappenandcannotbepreventedor<Thisscarcityisinevitableinlessdeveloped不可避免：certainineluctableineludibleinescapable,unescapable,inevasible,unavoidableAlthoughEudoraWeltyandWilliamFaulknerwroteindistinctivelydifferentstyles, betweenthetwo becausetheybothlivedinandwroteaboutMississippi.Blank Blank D. E. F.frustrating:somethingthatisfrustratingannoysyouormakesyouangrybecauseyoucannotdoanythingabouttheproblemsitcauses.<Warwasgruelingandoppressiveandfrustratinganduncomfortable,butonehadfriends.>令人烦恼的:aggravating,bothersome,disturbing,exasperatingirksomeirritatingnettlesomevexingArtthatenduresoftenmakesaninitiallydisturbingimpact:theprofoundexperiencethatsuchartseekstoprovokenecessarilyengendersacertain .conformedto:Ifsomethingconformstosomethingsuchasalaworsomeone’swishes,itisoftherequiredtypeorquality.<TheNightRiderlamphasbeendesignedtoconformtonewBritishStandardsafetyrequirements.>遵从comply(withconform(to)followobey,TROPESOFSUFFERINGANDPOSTURESOFAUTHORITYINMARGARETFULLER’SEUROPEANTRAVELLETTERSOntheother,sheproducedaccountsofherEuropeantourthatconformedtoconventionsofbourgeoistravelnarrative,oftencapitulatingtothemostwell-wornclichésofthegenreatpreciselythemomentswhenshesoughtmostenergeticallytocastthemoffinfavorofsomenew,morepassionatemodeofdiscernment.InmanyofthedispatchesshesenthomeforpublicationintheNew-YorkTribune(1846to1850),aswellasinprivatelettersfromthesameperiod,Fullermaybefoundindulginginangryattacksonherfellow-travelersandreaders,asifoutoffrustrationwithhavingtoresorttowhatsheoftentermed“hackneyed”expressionsandliteraryformstocapturetheeventsofsuchanextraordinarypoliticalseason.dispassionate:markedbyjustice,honesty,freedomfrom<Takingacalm,dispassionateviewofthe客观公正：disinterested,equal,evenhanded,impartialindifferentjustnonpartisansquare,unbiased,unprejudiced,objectiveThebiographer’sintenseemotionalinvolvementwithhissubjectdidnot objectivity,sincethepassionateengagementfostereddeepknowledgethatwasultimatelynecessaryfor judgment.AScientist'sVoiceinAmericanCulture.SimonNewcombandtheRhetoricofScientificMethodThroughasteadystreamofbooks,article,notes,reviews,andspeeches,Newcombsoughttoprovideadispassionateanalysisofthepoliticalandeconomicissueofhisday,thusdemonstratingratherthanmerelydescribingthesocialutilityofscientificmethod.AScientist'sVoiceinAmericanCulture.SimonNewcombandtheRhetoricofScientificMethodsolidarity:Unityoragreementoffeelingoraction,especiallyamongindividualswithacommoninterest;mutualsupportwithinagroup.<Therewasadegreeofsolidarityandsisterhoodamongthewomen.>camaraderie:Mutualtrustandfriendshipamongpeoplewhospendalotoftimetogether.<Theoldhostelcultureofcamaraderieandsocializingamongstudentsisgone.>团结:unanimity,unity,agreement,accord,harmony,consensusconcordconcurrencecooperationcohesionThecitycouncil’sunanimousrejectionofaproposalsocriticaltothemayor’sagendawasashocking themayor,becauseshehadfullyexpectedthecouncil’s Blank Blank D. E. F.Congressishavinggreatdifficultydevelopingaconsensusonenergypolicy,primarilybecausethepolicyobjectivesofvariousmembersofCongressrestonsuch assumptions.EdwardO.Wilson’sNewTakeonHumanExperimentshaveshownthatitisshockinglyeasytoelicitasenseofsolidarityamongagroupofstrangers.Justtellthemthey’llbeworkingtogetherasateam,andtheyimmediatelystartworkingtogetherasateam,allthewhileattributingtoeachotherahostofpositivequalitiesliketrustworthinessandcompetence—aninstantfive-starcustomerreview.EdwardO.Wilson’sNewTakeonHumanreprehensible:deservingreproachor<Mr.Cramersaidtheviolencebyanti-governmentprotestorswasreprehensible.>deplorable:arousingordeservingofone'sloathinganddisgust.<TheChiefConstablesaidthatsexualharassment应受谴责的：blamable,censurable,reproachable,chargeableimpeachableabominablecondemnable,ThecriticwrotethatHoffman’snovelwas,soabominable,infact,thatslammingitshutwastheonlypleasureitprovided.NewsDoesThisManDeserveMostegregiously—andsurprisingly,forsomeonewithaconsiderablebackgroundinphilosophy—Taylorfailstodistinguishadequatelybetweenformsofcommunicationandformsofknowledge.Dohypertext,multi-media,andsocialnetworkingaffectthewayweknowthings?OfNewsDoesThisManDeserveincisiveness:(Ofapersonormental<Afewcandidatesstoodoutfortheincisivenessoftheirarguments.>acuity:Acuityissharpnessofvisionorhearing,quicknessof<Weworkonimprovingvisual acuteness,keenness,perceptiveness,sharpness,insightfulness,trenchancy,discernment,perspicacityBecauserapandhip-hopoffersuch oncontemporaryissues,theyareoftensaidtobesharp-edgedmusicalgenres.Dougwas :hepossessedacuityanddiscernmentandwasalsoextremelyBlank Blank D. E. F.TheNewYork'TeamofRivals':FriendsofHavingpreviouslyofferedfreshinsightsintoLyndonJohnson,theKennedysandFranklinandEleanorRoosevelt,DorisKearnsGoodwinhaswrittenanelegant,incisivestudyofLincolnandleadingmembersofhiscabinetthatwillappealtoexpertsaswellastothosewhoseknowledgeofLincolnisanamalgamofhighschoolhistoryandpopularmythology.TheNewYork'TeamofRivals':Friendsofprodigious: somethingthatisprodigiousisverylargeorimpressive.<Heimpressedallwhomethimwithhisvoracious:ifyoudescribeaperson,ortheirappetiteforsomething,asvoracious,youmeanthattheywantalotofsomething.<Theyhaveavoraciousappetite.贪吃的edaciousgluttonousgreedyrapacious,ravenous,devouringAfterherlong,arduoushike,Hillarywas wantedtoeatuntilshecouldeatnomore.Otters:ThePickyEatersoftheNewresearchbyTimTinker,abiologistwiththeU.S.GeologicalSurveyinSantaCruz,California,showsthatseaottersarenotonlyvoraciousbuthighlyspecializedeaters,organizingthemselvesintogroupsthatzeroinondifferentUnlikemostmarinemammals,ottershavenoblubbertoinsulatethem,sotheymustconsume25percentto35percentoftheirbodyweighteachdaytofueltheirmetabolismandmaintainahealthyinternaltemperatureinthechillyPacific.socialtypical&acuity&popularity&SectionSectionirony&delight&routine&trivial:Ifyoudescribesomethingastrivial,youthinkthatitisunimportantandnotserious.<Thedirectortriedtowaveasidetheseissuestrivialdetailsthatcouldbesettled不重要的：inconsequential,inconsiderable,insignificantnominalpaltryslighttriflingnegligibleOilcompaniesseekingpermissiontodrillinAlaskanwildliferefugeareasarguesthat,foranimals,theeffectsofpreviousdrillingincomparableareashave .Joespokeofsuperfluousand matterswithexactlythesamedegreeofintensity,asthoughforhimseriousissuesmatteredneithermorenorlessthan .snapshot:Ifsomethingprovidesyouwithasnapshotofaplaceorsituation,itgivesyouabriefideaofwhatthatplaceorsituationislike.<TheinterviewspresentaremarkablesnapshotofBritaininthesedarkdaysofrecession.>Abebe:WhatNewFolkiesShareWiththeOldThatsensitivityseemsinevitable,Ithink,becausewhatweconsiderfolktodaymightactuallybeastrangeandparticularthing.It’snotalivingtradition,really.It’smorelikeasnapshotofatradition—Americanruralmusicasitexistedattheprecisemomentthatsomeonethoughttomakerecordingsofit.Abebe:WhatNewFolkiesShareWiththeOldironic:Ifyousaythatitisironicthatsomethingshouldhappen,youmeanthatitisoddoramusingbecauseitinvolvesacontrast.<It'sironicthatshebecameateacher—sheusedtohateschool.>矛盾讽刺的：paradoxicalincongruousweird,unexpected,surprisingIronically,anaffluentsocietythatpurchasesmuchmorefoodthanitactuallyneedssuffersbecauseof ,sinceinconditionsofaffluencediseasesrelatedtoovereatingandpoornutritionseemto.Blank Blank D. E. F.employ:Ifyouemploycertainmethods,materials,orexpressions,youusethem.<Thetacticsthepolicearenowtoemployaredefinitelyuncompromising..>使用：useutilizeimplementapplyexercise,practice,exertTheYaleLawJournalInDefenseofPropertyThereisaquiet—andsomewhatironic—revolutionunderwayinpropertylawtoday.Thoughpropertylawhistoricallyhasbeenusedtolegitimizetheconquestofindigenouslands,indigenousgroupsworldwidearenowemployingthissamebodyoflawtolayclaimtotheirownculturalresources.TheYaleLawJournalInDefenseoffavor:Feelorshowapprovalorpreference<Thelawdoesnotdiscriminateagainstthepoorfavorthe偏爱advocateapproveofsupportbackFavoringeconomyofexpressioninwriting,theprofessorurgedstudentstowarda thanan prosestyle. Blank Blank D. E. F.marginal:Ifyoudescribesomethingasmarginal,youmeanthatitissmallornotveryimportant.<Thisonceimportantsocialgroupisbecomingmoreandmoremarginal.>不重要的slightsmalltinyinsignificantminimal,negligible,peripheralAlthoughVirginiaWoolfwasacentralfigureinLondon`sestablishedliteraryscene,sheneverthelessperceivedherselfasbeing .leading:theleadingpersonorthinginaparticularareaistheonewhichismostimportantorsuccessful.<Britain'sfutureasaleadingindustrialnationdependsoninvestment.>最重要的primemostsignificantprincipalforemost,supreme,paramount,dominant,essential,cardinalAleadingchemistbelievesthatmanyscientistshavedifficultywithstereochemistrybecausemuchoftherelevantnomenclatureis ,inthatitcombinesconceptsthatshouldbekept .CanaGooglealgorithmidentifythebestscientificHowcanonequantifytheimportanceofagivenscientificpaper?Onesimpleandfrequentlyutilizedmeasureisthenumberoftimesthatpaperiscitedinsubsequentpublications.Butcriticsnotethatcountingcitationsfavorsdisciplinessuchasbiology,wherepaperstendtobecitedmore,overfieldssuchasmathematics,wherecitationsarelessfrequent.Inaddition,acitationfromarelativelymarginalpapercountsjustthesameasacitationfromaleadingresearcherpublishinginamarqueejournal.CanaGooglealgorithmidentifythebestscientificpreference:ifyouhaveapreferenceforsomething,youwouldliketohaveordothatthingratherthansomethingelse.<Parentscanexpressapreferencefortheschooltheirchildattends.>偏爱：partiality,predilection,proclivity,fondness,inclinationleaningbentpenchantpredisposition,Sinceotherseabirdscustomarilynestincoloniesonoceancliffsandislands,themarbledmurrelet’snestinginforestsmanymilesfromtheseamustbeconsidered .Blank Blank D.aversion E. F.suppress:ifsomeoneorsomethingsuppressesaprocessoractivity,theystopitcontinuingor<Lawyerssaidtoday'srulingwouldleadtohigherpricesandwouldsuppressinnovationofnewproducts.>压制arrestcatchcheckhaltholdupstallbalk,block,holdback,impede,obstruct,stemdidactic:designedorintendedtoteachpeople<Inliteraryterms,thisAmericandidacticismhasbeenanuneasycombinationofoughtandis.>TheDeathofIvanIlychStudyTolstoywrotemanyworksofnon-fiction,andprofessedapreferencefortheseexplorationsofethicsandreligionoverhisnovelsandshortstories.Thefictionwriterinhim,however,washardtosuppress.Tolstoy'slatenovel,HadjiMurad,wasneverpublishedduringhislife;thisfactsuggestssomeoftheauthor'sambivalenceaboutthework,butTolstoycouldnotresistwritingit.Farfromthenear-didacticnatureofhisnon-fiction,HadjiMuradisashortnovelwiththebreadthandpowerofanepic,withvividcharacterizationandintensestorytellingthatsweepthereaderaway.Whilethereadersensesthemoralconcernsofthetale'screator,theshortnovelisafarcryfromthedidacticismofTolstoy'snon-fiction.reveal&demolished&reveal:Ifyourevealsomethingthathasbeenoutofsight,youuncoveritsothatpeoplecanseeit.<Expertsrevealonlyasmuchastheycare揭露：divulgedisclosetellletreveal&demolished&demolish:Ifyoudemolishsomeone'sideasorarguments,youprovethattheyarecompletelywrongorunreasonable.<Ourintentionwastodemolishtherumorsthathavesurroundedhim.>推翻(某人的观点或论点destroyruinwreckputanendto,refute,disprove,provewrong,discredit,Notsurprisingly,supportersofthegovernor’splantosetasidelandforaforestpreserveweredisappointedwhenacourtdecisiontheplan.dominate:Todominateasituationmeanstobemostpowerfulorimportantpersonorthingin<Thebookisexpectedtodominatethebest-seller占…主导地位：controlgoverndirectpresideover,haveascendancyover,masterThewonderofDeQuinceyisthatalthoughopiumdominatedhislife,itnever him;indeed,heturneditsuseto whenhepublishedthestoryofitsinfluenceintheLondonMagazine.AMineofHerOwn:WomenProspectorsintheAmericanWestWomenintheminingtownsoftheAmericanWestdidother,lesserwork.Furthermore,womenwerestrictlystereotypedintoneatcategoriesofpublicandprivate,badandgod.Whathappenswhenwomenbreakthestereotypesisthetopicofthetwobooksunderreview.SallyZanjanitellthestoriesofmanywomenwhoconfoundthecategoriesbybecomingtoughanddedicatedprospectorsthemselves…Shedocumentsoveronehundredfemaleprospectorsandiscertain,giventhesolitaryandsecretivenatureoftheoccupation,thattherewereactuallymanymore...Inadditiontoprovidingindisputabledocumentationthatdemolishestheall-maleversionofprospecting,Zanjanialsochartschangingmaleattitudestowardwomenprospectors.SheusestheexamplesofherfemalelonerstopuncturesomeofthefacilegeneralizationsofEuro-Americanwomenasuniformlynurturant,sociable,andreluctantpioneers.paradox¶dox:Aseeminglyabsurdorcontradictorystatementorpropositionwhichwheninvestigatedmayprovetobewellfoundedortrue.<Deathitselfisaparadox,theendyettheirony:Ifyoutalkabouttheironyofasituation,youmeanthatitisoddoramusingbecauseitinvolvesa<TheironyisthatmanyofficialsinWashingtonagreeinprivatethattheirpolicyisinconsistent.>矛盾对立contradictioninconsistencyincongruity,anomaly,conflictCopyrightandpatentlawsattempttoencourageinnovationbyensuringthatinventorsarepaidforcreativework,soitwouldbe ifexpandedprotectionundertheselawsdiscouragedentrepreneurialinnovationbyincreasingfearsoflawsuits.TheNewYorkPoliticalAnimals(Yes,“Theparadoxofahighlysocialspecieslikerhesusmonkeysandhumansisthatourcomplexsocialityisthereasonforoursuccess,butit’salsothesourceofourgreatesttroubles,”hesaid.“Throughouthumanhistory,youseethattheworstproblemsforpeoplealmostalwayscomefromotherpeople,andit’sthesameforthemonkeys.Youcanputthemanywhere,buttheirmainproblemisalwaysgoingtobeotherrhesusmonkeys.”paradox&TheNewYorkPoliticalAnimals(Yes, havi