公共健康与个体基因组学

PublicHealthand

PersonalisedGenomicsharnessingtheinteractiveeffectsofnutrition,life-style,environmentandinheritedgenestoimprovehealthoutcomesatthegenomelevel

利用营养、生活方式、环境和遗传基因的互作效应从基因组水平改善健康状况Ⅰ.Environment-gene-healthDietnutrition，life-style，environmentalandpsycho-socialstrategies——genomeintegrity.Genomeintegrity:riskfactors（营养失调、环境遗传毒物暴露、不良生活方式以及不利心理社会环境）and

geneticsusceptibilityInteractiveeffectsofnutritionandgeneticPublichealthgenomics:

Studyofenvironment-genomeinteractionstogetherwithNutritionalgenomics.Ⅱ.GreatDiversityin

Exposomes,NutriomesandGenomesDiversityingeographicallyandculturallycouplewithotherfactorswouldinfluencegenomes/epigenomes.暴露组：营养组：基因组：一个个体所携带的一套完整的单倍体基因Theexposomecanbedefinedasthemeasureofalltheexposuresofanindividualinalifetimeandhowthoseexposuresrelatetodisease.Anindividual’sexposurebeginsbeforebirthandincludesinsultsfromenvironmentalandoccupationalsources.Understandinghowourexposuresfromourenvironment,diet,lifestyle,etc.interactwithourownuniquecharacteristicslikegenetics,physiology,andepigeneticmakeupresultingindiseaseishowtheexposomewillbedeciphered.Foodsecurityandaffordabilityhighlights-theminimalnutritionalrequirementstomaintainoptimalhealth.Populationincreasingleadtoshortageoffood,tolivebetterwithless，thesequestionsisessentialtoaddress：1.哪些食物营养最为丰富？……5.要达到最佳健康的最低营养需求，这些食物的需要量是多少？Ⅲ.PublicHealthGenomics,NutrigeneticsandNutrigenomics人类对营养物质的需求：uptakeandmetabolismofmacro-nutrientsandmicronutrients.Usepublichealthgenomicsrelatetonutrition,life-styleandenvironmentbenefitforpopulationhealth.

Genetictesting:

Publichealthvalue:识别遗传亚型或个体后，利用已知的、经济实用的特殊干预，控制其遗传病风险。Problems:具体机制不明确伦理问题表观遗传变化Ⅳ.DefiningNutrientReferenceValuesforandDamagePreventionStudiesofMichaelFenechindicatedthatgenomedamageincreasessignificantlywithage.ThebestvalidatedDNAdamagebiomarkers.CBMN（cytokinesis-blockmicronucleus）RDAisrecommened.Genomestabilityisverysensitivetonutrientsupply.DRVismoreapproach.

GenomestabilityandmicronutrientsⅤ.HolisticApproachtoGenomicsEffects综合的方法-保护基因组免受伤害Known：MicronutrientsLife-stylePsychologicalUnknown:morecomprehensiveunderstandingandstudyofmechanisms.Ⅵ.Examples

Alzheimerdisease,AD（阿尔茨海默氏症）一种神经系统退行性疾病可能病因有多种：家族史、躯体疾病、头部外伤和社会心理因素等预防：饮食调理Hyperhomocystinemia（HHcy，高同型半胱氨酸血症）是指血浆或血清中游离及与蛋白结合的同型半胱氨酸和混硫化物含量增高，由甲硫氨酸代谢障碍引起。同型半胱氨酸（HCY）是心血管疾病发病的一个重要危险因子。血液中增高的HCY因为刺激血管壁引起动脉血管的损伤，导致炎症和管壁的斑块形成，最终引起心脏血流受阻，因此高同型半胱氨酸血症是冠心病一个独立、重要的危险因素。同型半胱氨酸代谢途径Ⅶ.Somethingusefulindailylife1.BodyMassIndex（BMI，体质指数）：WHO推荐的国际统一使用的肥胖判断方法，计算公式BMI（k