高考英语虚拟语气(23张)

高考英语虚拟语气(23张)第一页，共23页。1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.

定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生或可能性比较小的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气定义第一页第二页，共23页。一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气三、主语从句中的虚拟语气四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气五、几种特殊的虚拟语气二、虚拟语气的主要内容第二页第三页，共23页。一、非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆用虚拟语气。if条件从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式与现在事实相反If主语＋did（be用were）主语＋should/would/could/mightdo与过去事实相反If主语＋had+动词过去分词主语＋should/would/could/mighthavedone与将来事实相反If主语＋did（be用were）

＋should＋动词原形＋wereto＋动词原形主语＋should/would/could/mightdo第三页第四页，共23页。考题点击：Iamnotfreetoday.IfI___freetoday,I__andvisitsomeofmyfriends.A.amwillgoB.were,wouldgoC.shallbeD.be,mustgo2.Ifmylawyer___herelastSaturday,he__mefromgoing.A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldpreventC.were,wouldpreventD.were,wouldhaveprevented3.IfIweretoseeTom,what___you___metotellhim?A.are,goingtoaskB.do,askC.would,askD.did,askBAC第四页第五页，共23页。注意1、陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题

1)Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_____.

A.

willrain

B.rains

C.rained

D.israined

2)---Wouldyouhavecalledherup_____possible?---Yes,butI_____busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeen…was B.ifitwas…wereC.ifithadbeen…hadbeen D.ifitwere…wouldbeB该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是willbeputoff。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用wouldhavecalled,从句中与过去相反的动词形式为haddone；答句中表示的是真实的情况，所以该用陈述语气。A第五页第六页，共23页。

注意2.虚拟倒装句1.Wereit(=Ifitwere)notfortheirhelp,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.2.HadI(=IfIhad)knownaboutit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.3.Shouldanyone(=Ifanyoneshould)call,pleasetakeamessage.Whatwouldhavehappened,_____asfarastheriverbank?(01上海)

Bobhadwalkedfarther B.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfarther D.ifBobwalkedfartherC第六页第七页，共23页。

注意3.错综条件句

(主从句描述的时间不一致）Ifyou_____himyesterday,you_____whattodonow.asked…wouldknow B.hadasked…wouldhaveknownC.askedhim…know D.hadasked…wouldknowDIfyou_____________(notbuy)theticketlastweek,how_______yougonow?IfI____(be)you,I_________________(take)hisadvicethen.hadn’tboughtwerewouldhavetakenwould第七页第八页，共23页。

注意4.含蓄虚拟条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他代替条件句。Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.Withoutyouhelp,Iwouldn’thaveachievedsomuch.第八页第九页，共23页。Iwentbyplane;otherwiseI____muchlongertime.

A.couldtakeB.wouldtakeC.willhavetakenD.wouldhavetaken

D2.Withoutyourhelp,we____suchrapidprogress.A.couldn’tmakeB.wouldn’tmakeC.willnothavemadeD.wouldn’thavemade3.Jack____yet,otherwisehewouldhavephonedme.A.mustn’thavearrived B.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrived D.needn’thavearrivedDC第九页第十页，共23页。二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.“wish+宾语从句”

“ifonly+句子”用在虚拟语气中,表不能实现的愿望

wish+宾语从句1一般过去式（表“现在的假设”)2.would/coulddo(表“将来的假设”)3.haddone或would/couldhavedone（表“过去的假设”)werehadstudiedwouldrainIwishI_______(be)astallasyou.IwishI__________(study)harderbefore.Iwishit

(rain)tomorrow第十页第十一页，共23页。

Ifonly+从句!=HowIwish+从句!要是就好了1).

If

only

he

could

come!

(他要能来就好了)

=HowIwishhecouldcome!2).

If

only

I

had

known

the

answer!

(我要早知答案就好了.)=HowIwishIhadknowntheanswer!比较ifonly与onlyif（只有）Iwakeuponlyifthealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。

Ifonlythealarmclockhadrung.

Ifonlyhe___quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlieC

(lie躺，lay,lain)第十一页第十二页，共23页。2.在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。常见的动词有:一个坚持insist;两个命令order,command;三条建议suggest,advise,propose;四项要求demand,request,require,desire;注意:suggest表暗示表明时insist表坚持认为，坚持说时不用虚拟语气Heorderedthatthestudents(should)washtheclotheseveryweekbythemselves.Thedoctorsuggestedthatshe(should)haveanoperationatonce.第十二页第十三页，共23页。考题点击：1.Iwenttobedearlylastnight,butIwishI

so.A.didn’tdoB.hadn’tdoneC.haven’tdoneD.couldn’tdo2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.A.hasB.hadC.willhadD.hadhad3.Theteacherorderedthatstudents_______.A.mustn’tsmokeB.notsmokeC.smokedD.hadsmoked4.Theteacherdemandedthatthework_____before4o’clock.A.finishedB.finishC.shouldfinish D.befinished

BBBD第十三页第十四页，共23页。三、主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型：

1.Itbe+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…过去分词：suggested,requested,ordered,proposed…Itisrequiredthatnobody(should)smokehere.

It’ssuggestedthateverybody(should)buyadictionary.2.Itbe+形容词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…形容词:important,necessary,natural,right,proper,funny,strange,surprising…Itisnecessarythatwe(should)haveawalknow.It'simportantthatwe(should)takegoodcareofthepatient.3.Itbe+名词（apity/ashame/nowonder）that…

+(should)+动词原形+…第十四页第十五页，共23页。考题点击：Isitnecessarythathe_____theexamination?A.takes B.hastotakeC.musttake D.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold3.Itwasorderedthatnosmoking____inthelibrary.A.shouldallowB.beallowedC.willbeallowedD.isallowedDBB第十五页第十六页，共23页。四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice,decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。

Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)leaveatonce.

1)表语从句:2)同位语从句:Imakeaproposalthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.第十六页第十七页，共23页。考题点击：Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.

A.try B.tries C.musttryD.cantry2.Hegaveanadvicethatthey____eachother.A.helpedB.musthelpC.helpD.hadhelped3.Mysuggestionisthatafewmorepeople___theretohelpme.A.besentB.havesentC.sentD.shouldsentACA第十七页第十八页，共23页。谓语动词1.did（表现在的假设）2.haddone（表过去的假设）3.would/might/coulddone（表将来的假设）

五几种特殊的虚拟语气1.虚拟语气用在asif(asthough)引导的从句中1)PeopletreatmeasifI_____asuperstar.(be)2)HelookedatmeasthoughI__________something.(steal)werehadstolen第十八页第十九页，共23页。2.用在lest（以免）,forfearthat（以免）和incase引导的状语从句中，这时谓语动词用(should)+动词原形1.Sheclosedthewindowslestshe____cold.（感冒）2.Hetookhisraincoatwithhimforfearthat______(下雨）3.Here’ssomemoneyincaseyoushouldneedit.catchitrain第十九页第二十