英语影视欣赏课课件2市公开课一等奖百校联赛优质课金奖名师赛课获奖课件

1.whenwasfilmborn?Dec.28th,1895,Lumiere2.Whatwastheearliestcontributiontothefilmsintheory?Mo-tse,5BC,thetheoryof“LightandShadow”

1/34WhatwerethemajorcontributionsofLumiereandMelies?Lumiere:(1).Longshot(2).Filmsshowedthedynamicoflife,natureandchangeswithinthem—re-currencism.(3).ForerunnerofdocumentariesMelies(1)stopmotion(2)studiowithglassceiling(3)shotfilmswithgorgeouscostumeandgrandscenes–expressionism(4)forerunnerofstoryfilm2/344.somemorefacts(1)thefirstsci-fifilm:ATriptotheMoon(2)whatisclose-upandmontage?(3)Brightonschool–thebudofrealism(4)ArtistsFilmsMovementMaxlinder—thefirstcomedystar楚科尔Hollywood3/34Chapter2DevelopmentofNarrativePatternsinFilms(America)I.EdwinS.Porterandhisfilm“TheGreatTrainRobbery”II.GriffithandhisConceptofNarrativePatternsIII.ComedyinSilentFilmsinAmericaIV.CharlesChaplinandhisComedies

4/34I.EdwinS.Porter埃德温鲍特andhisfilm“TheGreatTrainRobbery”Born:April21,1870)PennsylvaniaDied:April30,1941NewYorkCityHeCombinedtheoutdoorscenes(proposedandpracticedbyLumiere)withartificialindoorones(byMelies)

5/34Representativework:TheGreatTrainRobbery:《火车大劫案》PortertookthearchetypalAmericanWesternstory,alreadyfamiliartoaudiencesfromdimenovelsandstagemelodrama情景剧,andmadeitanentirelynewvisualexperience.Theone-reelfilm,witharunningtimeoftwelveminutes,wasassembledintwentyseparateshots,alongwithastartlingclose-upofabanditfiringatthecamera.Itusedasmanyastendifferentindoorandoutdoorlocationsandwasgroundbreakinginitsuseof“cross-cutting交叉剪辑”ineditingtoshowsimultaneousactionindifferentplaces.Noearlierfilmhadcreatedsuchswiftmovementorvarietyofscene.Itwasenormouslypopular.ForseveralyearsittouredthroughouttheUnitedStates,andin1905itwasthepremierattractionatthefirstnickelodeon五分钱电影院.ItssuccessfirmlyestablishedmotionpicturesascommercialentertainmentintheUnitedStates.6/34Cross-cuttingisaneditingtechniqueusedinfilmstoestablishcontinuity.Inacross-cut,thecamerawillcutawayfromoneactiontoanotheraction.Becausetheshotsoccuroneafteranother,cross-cuttingisusedtosuggestsimultaneityofaction.However,itcanalsobeusedtolinksignificantactionsthatdonotoccursimultaneously.Therhythmof,orlengthoftimebetween,cross-cutscanalsosetthetoneofascene.Increasingtherapiditybetweentwodifferentactionsmayaddtensiontoascene,muchinthesamemannerofusingshort,declarativesentencesinaworkofliterature.ItwasmadefamousbyEdwinS.Porter's1903film,TheGreatTrainRobbery.7/34TheNickelodeon(AE:nickel=5分币,Greek:Odeion=roofedovertheatre)wasanearly20thcenturyformofsmall,neighborhoodmovietheaters.Thename"Nickelodeon"wascoinedbyHarryDavisandJohnP.Harris,whoopenedtheirsmall,storefronttheatrewiththatnameonSmithfieldStreetinPittsburgh,PennsylvaniainJune1905.Thoughtheirswasnotthefirsttheatreintheworldtospecializeinpresentingmovies,DavisandHarrisfoundsuchgreatsuccesswiththeiroperationthattheirconceptofafivecenttheatrerunningmoviescontinuouslywassoonimitatedbyhundredsofambitiousentrepreneurs,aswasthenameofthetheatreitself.Nickelodeonsdeclinedascitiesgrewandindustryconsolidationledtolarger,morecomfortable,andbetter-appointed设备愈加完善（well-appointed）movietheaters.8/34(1)establishhisstatusinfilmsbothinAmericaandthewholeworld;(2)layfoundationforthewesternstobethedominantinAmerica(3)havegreatinfluenceonGriffithThefilmwasadoptedfromanovelwiththesametitlewrittenbyMichaelCrichton迈克尔·克莱顿whosebest-knownmasterpiecesshouldbeJurassicPark《侏罗纪公园》.(StevenSpielberg)9/34TheGreatTrainRobbery10/34II.D.W.Griffith格里菲斯andhisConceptofNarrativePatterns1.Backgroundandsignificance–twofights1.1Fightsaboutpatents(1)1908,America,therewasthefiercestrivingforthepatent,whichendedupwiththeestablishmentoftwotrusts:Edison’sCompanyandBiographStudios(比沃格拉夫企业)Whatistrust托拉斯?anentitywithintenttocreateamonopoly11/34TheBiographCompany,wasamotionpicturecompanyfoundedin1895andactiveuntil1928.ItwasthefirstcompanyintheUnitedStatesdevotedentirelytofilmproductionandexhibition,andfortwodecadeswasoneofthemostprolific,releasingoverthreethousandshortfilmsandtwelvefeaturefilms.正片，故事片，长片AnewcorporationwiththesamenamewasincorporatedinCaliforniain1991.12/341.2Fightsbetweentrustsandindependentfilm-making独立制片--thebirthofHollywoodAnindependentfilm,orindiefilm,isafilmthatisproducedoutsideoftheHollywoodstudiosystem,aseriesofmonopolistic垄断practicesbyseveralmajorAmericanfilmstudioswhichcontrolledtheproduction,distribution,andexhibitionoffilms.IndependentfilmstodayaregenerallydefinedasAmericanfilmsfinancedanddistributedbysourcesoutsidetoday'sBigSixanditssubsidiaries.13/34Today’sBigSixSony—SonyPicture(ColumbiaPictures)NewsCorporation–FoxFilmedEntertainment(20CenturyFox)TheWaltDisneyCompany–WaltDisneyMotionPictureGroupTimeWarner—WarnerBrosEntertainmentGroupViacom–ParamountMotionPictureGroupGeneralElectric/Vivendi–NBC/VivendiUniversal(Universal)14/34GriffithDavidLlewelynWarkGriffith

Born:January22,1875)Kentucky,UnitedStatesDied:July23,1948Hollywood,California,UnitedStates15/34In1907,Griffith,stillhavinggoalsforbecomingasuccessfulplaywright,movedtoCaliforniaandattemptedtosellascripttoEdisonproducerEdwinPorter.PorterrejectedGriffith'sscript,butallowedhimtobeanextrainhismovie.Findinghiswayintothemotionpicturebusiness,hesoonbegantodirectahugebodyofwork.In1908,GriffithacceptedanactingjobfortheBiographCompany比沃格拉夫企业inNewYorkCity.AtBiograph,Griffith'scareerinthefilmindustrywouldalsochangeforever.16/341.Representativeworks“TheBirthofaNation”,《一个国家诞生》Feb.8th,1915,thefilmwasshown,whichsymbolizedHollywoodbegantogoverntheworldinthefieldoffilmsItisconsideredimportantbyfilmhistoriansasoneofthefirstfeaturelengthAmericanfilms(mostpreviousfilmshadbeenlessthanonehourlong).17/34Subsequent:1916,Intolerance《党同伐异》Thisfilmwastheself-defenseofGriffithinfaceofalltheprotestcausedbythefilm“TheBirthofaNation”becauseofracialdiscrimination.18/342.typicallythemesinhisfilmsGoodandevilinthereallifeFamilycomediesConflictsbetweentherichandthepoor19/343.ComparisonbetweenGriffithandPorter

Cross-cutting交叉剪辑ScenesarenotonlyforconnectingthefilmbutalsocanaffectthevisionPayattentiontotheemotionalpartofthescenewhichmakesthefilmmorecomplicated(thatisthereasonwhyGriffithiscalledanartistwhilehisworksarecalledworkofart.)Cuttingbetweenscenes场面间剪辑ScenesarefordevelopingthefilmPayattentiontothedevelopmentoftheplot20/344.Griffith’sNarration(1)narrativepattern:emphasizedthatplotandstructurewerethebaseofnarration,while,byusingmontagetodistinguishfilmsfromtraditionalarts.So,filmbecameanewnarrativeart.(2)narrativetime:combinedmaterialpicturesandabstractthoughtstogether,thusexpandingthepsychologicaltime(toomuch,toolengthy)(3)narrativespace:putthestudiooutdoors(4)narrativediscourse叙事语言:scenewasthebaseofmontage—close-ups+longshots;paidattentiontothechangingrhythmoffilm;emphasizedthefunctionofactors;andusedobjectstoexpressemotionalfeelings,especiallyniceones.--symbolicmeaning

21/34III.ComediesinSilentfilmsinAmerica1.theveryfirstcomedystar：MaxLinder麦克斯林戴(French)MaxLindercreatedwhatwasprobablythefirstidentifiablemotion-picturecharacterwhoappearedinsuccessivesituationcomedies.Lindermademorethanonehundredshortfilms短片portraying“Max,”awealthyanddapper短小精悍man-about-townfrequentlyinhotwaterbecauseofhispenchant兴趣兴趣forbeautifulwomenandthegoodlife.2.ItisAmericanartiststhatmakecomedydominantinsilentera.3.SilentEraisthetimeofcomediesandalsothegoldentimeofcomedy.22/344.Thefirstcomedy(traditionalone):Arroseurarrosé/TheSprinklerSprinkled,《水浇园丁》Director:Lumière在一个花园里，树木和草丛都十分葱郁，一位园丁拿起一根长长水管，开始给花草树木浇水。这时一个小男孩走过来了，他出现在园丁身后，乘园丁不注意，用脚踩住水管。水断流了，园丁奇怪地低下头检验水管，他把水管口对准自己眼睛看了又看也没看出什么终究来，这时，男孩把脚缩了回去，水猛地喷射出来，全部冲到园丁脸上，园丁回头看到了搞恶作剧男孩，生气地扔下水管跑去追打他……23/345.MackSennett,麦克辛纳(January17,1880–November5,1960)anAcademyAward-winningdirectorandwasknownastheinnovatorofslapstickcomedy低俗闹剧infilm.Duringhislifetimehewasknownattimesasthe"KingofComedy."HediscoveredChaplin24/34KeystoneCops,《基斯东警察》theterm“KeystoneCops”hasbecomepartofthelanguage,describingincompetentbuffoons丑角withsupposedauthority.SomehistoriansevencreditSennett‘sfilmswithhavingbeenresponsibleformunicipalpoliceforcesacrossNorthAmericaalteringtheiruniformstoincludemilitarystyleofficers’capssincebythe1920stall,English-stylehatshadbecomesoindelibly不能磨灭associatedwithslapstickcomedy.25/346.1920,HaroldLloydandSnubPollard,哈罗德劳埃德，斯诺波拉德HighandDizzy《高危之处》“TheFreshmen”《大学新生》--Harold’sbestfilm26/347.1927，BusterKeaton，巴斯特基顿anAcademyAward-winningAmericancomicactorandfilmmaker.Bestknownforhissilentfilms,histrademarkwasphysicalcomedywithastoic,恬淡寡欢deadpan面无表情expressiononhisface,earninghimthenickname“TheGreatStoneFace”.Hehasalsobeencalled“TheMichelangeloofSilentComedy”.默片喜剧米开朗基罗27/345.FattyArbuckle胖子阿伯奇Realname:RoscoeConklingArbuckleAfterBritishactorCharlieChaplinjoinedKeystoneStudiosin1914,Arbucklementoredhim.Chaplin'smostfamouscharacter,"theTramp,"wascreatedafterChaplin"borrowed"Arbuckle'strademarkballoonpants,boots&tinyhat.

28/34FourComedystars:CharlesChaplin,BusterKeaton,HaroldLloyd,HarryLangdon

Fourbest-sellers:“TheFreshman”，HaroldLloyd《大学新生》“TheBirthofaNation”,Griffith《一个国家诞生》“TheGoldRush”,CharlesChaplin《淘金记》“TheBigParade”,RobertYoungson(罗伯特杨森)《大阅兵》29/3430/34atrampwiththerefinedmannersanddignityofagentleman.Thecharacterwearsatightcoat,oversizedtrousersandshoes,andaderby圆顶窄边礼帽wornbyMaxLindar;carriesabamboocane竹杖;andhasasignaturetoothbrushmoustache唇上修剪得整整齐齐胡子.He"borrowed"Arbuckle'strade