2017年高二英语人教版选修8学案：Unit1AlandofdiversitySectionⅡ

Unit1AlandofdiversitySectionⅡ—LearningaboutLanguage，UsingLanguage，SummingUp&LearningTip一、学习下面的生词并选择合适的单词或短语完成句子，每个单词或短语只能用一次occur发生；出现indicate指出；标示；表明；暗示slip滑动；滑行；滑跤teamupwith与……合作hire租用；雇用takein包括；吸收nowhere无处；到处都无reform改革；革新；改造；改良1.InDecember，Iwas______asahotelmanager.2．Policereportsarefullofaccidentsthat______whenpeoplefallintosleepandgoofftheroad.3．Noonecandoubtthatthe______andopeninguppoliciesintroducedin1979havehadagreateffectonthelivesofChinesecitizens.4．OnweekendstheSmithsusuallydrivetothecountrysideand______thefreshairthere.5．Johnpreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthanto______anyoneelse.6．Ihurrieddowntotheplatformandintotherefreshmentroom；Stevewas______tobeseen.7．Theship______throughthewaterjustnow.8．Theblackclouds______thatitisgoingtorain.二、将下列单词与相对应的释义搭配起来AB1．indicate a．notinanyplaceortoanyplace2．slip b．toimprovesomethingbymakingchangestoit3．hire c．toslideashortdistanceandloseyourbalanceslightly4．nowhere d．toshowthatsth.istrueorexistsortoshowthatsth.ispossibleorlikely5．reform e．toemploysomeoneforashorttime三、短语互译A．从文中找出下列短语并写出它们的汉语意思1．abetterformoftransport______2．inthelate19thcentury______3．feellikedoingsomething______4．takeaferry______5．ratherthan______B．从文中找出与下列汉语对应的英语短语1．背靠背______2．与……合作或一起工作______3．画线；标出……界限______4．包括；吸引______5．许多；很多______6．申请；请示得到______四、补全对话—Hi，Tom.—Hi，Jack.Whendidyoureturntoschool?—Yesterday.__1__—Yes，itcan'tbebetter.—__2__—IwenttoScotland.—Didyougotherealone?—__3__WetravelledaroundinScotland.WespentaweekinEdinburgh，thenwenttoSt.Andrews.—It'ssaidthatHighlandsisaverygoodplacetosee.Didyougothere?—No.WestayedatahotelnearLochLomondforafewdaysandcamebacktoLondondownthewestcoast.—__4__—Quitegood，andeverybodywaskind.Peoplearen'tinsuchahurrythere，youknow.—__5__—Sure.A．Howwastheweatherwhenyouwerethere?B．Wheredidyougoduringtheholiday?C．Youmusthaveenjoyedyourholiday.D．Didyouhaveagoodholiday?E．No.Iwenttherewithmyparents.五、同义句转换1．Itdidn'toccurtomethatafive­year­oldboycouldrecite20Tangpoems.________________________________________________________________________2．Tobepolitetoothersisimportantinthedailylife.________________________________________________________________________3．Everyonesoonrealizedthatanearthquakehadtakenplace.________________________________________________________________________4．TheyliketoworkwithMr.Smithbecauseheiseasytogetalongwith.________________________________________________________________________5．AlargenumberofvisitorsaretravellinginQinhuangdaoonMay1st.________________________________________________________________________答案：一、1.hired2.occur3.reform4.takein5.teamupwith6.nowhere7.slipped8.indicate二、1.d2.c3.e4.a5.b三、A.1.一种更好的运输方式2.在19世纪末3.愿意做某事4.乘渡船5.而不是B．1.backtoback2.teamupwith3.markout4.takein5.agreat/goodmany6.applyfor四、1.D2.B3.E4.A5.C五、1.Ididn'tthinkthatafive­year­oldboycouldrecite20Tangpoems.2．Itisimportanttobepolitetoothersinthedailylife.3．Itsoonbecameapparenttoeveryonethatanearthquakehadtakenplace.4．TheyliketoteamupwithMr.Smithbecauseheiseasytogetalongwith.5．AgoodmanyvisitorsaretravellinginQinhuangdaoonMay1st.1．Itdidn'toccurtomethat...我没想到……剖析：Itdidn'toccurtome...是主句，其中it是形式主语，that...才是句子真正的主语。考点：occurvi.发生；出现Iwon'tletsuchathingoccuraslongasIamhere.我只要在这里，就不会让这样的事情发生。Suchplantshaveneveroccurredinthisarea.从未在这个地区发现过这种植物。1)Itoccurredtomethat...我刚刚想到……Itoccurredtomethathemightbeinterestedintheproblemwehaddiscussed.我想起来了，他也许对我们讨论过的那个问题感兴趣。2)Sth.occurs/occuredtosb.某事突然出现在某人的脑海里。Abrilliantideaoccurredtome.我想到一个极好的主意。3)Ifanythingshouldoccur，...如果发生什么事情的话……Ifanythingshouldoccur，pleasecall110.如果发生什么事情的话，请拨打110。4)辨析occur，happen与takeplace这三个词(组)都有“发生”的意思，都不可用于被动语态，但具体用法又有所不同：①occur较正式，指偶然发生的或未按计划发生的事情，可用于具体或抽象的事情，尤其强调某事物呈现于人的知觉，如心或脑，且多有具体的时间或地点等条件。②happen最常用，含义广泛，常指偶然或意外发生，后接不定式，也可接介词to，也可用在“Ithappenedthat...”结构中。③takeplace通常指根据安排或计划发生。Miraclessometimesoccur，butyouhavetoworkterriblyforthem.奇迹有时是会发生的，但是你得为之努力工作。I'mawfullysorryaboutit.Iassureyouitwon'thappenagain.对这事我很抱歉。我向你保证这种事不会再发生了。Thepresidentialelectionwilltakeplacenextyear.总统选举将在明年举行。单项填空1)Itnever______tomethatasoneofthetopstudentsheshouldfailintheexam.A．occurred B．happened C．appeared D．sounded2)WhileIwaschattingwithothersontheInternet______suddenly______tomethatIhadadatewithmyfriend.A．what；occurred B．it；occurred C．what；happened D．that；happened3)Itneveroccurredtome______youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A．which B．what C．that D．if2．Trytousetheexpressionsabovetoindicatethatyouarelisteningcarefullytoyourpartner.尽量使用上面的词组来表明你在认真听你的搭档说话。考点：indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示Heindicatedwhereourcompanyshouldgo.他指出了我们公司应该发展的方向。Thelightabovetheelevatorindicatedthattheelevatorwasthenatthe10thfloor.电梯上方的灯标示那时电梯在十楼。Statisticsindicatethattheworldpopulationhasdoubled.统计数字表明世界人口已增加了一倍。Themanager'shesitationindicatedhisunwillingness.经理的犹豫暗示出他不愿意。派生词：indicationn．指示；表示；征兆Thismapgivesnoindicationoftheheightofthehill.这张地图没有标出这座山的高度。Thereareindicationsthattheweatherischanging.有迹象表明要变天了。单项填空1)Aflashingredlight______thatastretchofroadwasunderrepair.A．indicated B．suggested C．symbolized D．represented2)Thealarmclock______itwastimeformetogetupwentoff，______mygooddream.A．indicating；interrupting B．indicated；interruptingC．indicating；interrupted D．indicated；interrupted完成句子3)他拿出一张地图，给我们指出最近的一条路线。Hetookoutamapand____________tous.3．Sitbacktobackwithyourpartnersoyoucan'tseeeachother.与你的搭档背对背坐着，彼此看不见。考点：backtoback背靠背Standbacktobackandwe'llseewhichofyouistaller.背靠背站着，这样我们就能看出你们俩哪一个高了。与backtoback相类似的短语有：handinhand手拉手shouldertoshoulder肩并肩sidebyside肩并肩地headtohead交头接耳单项填空1)Whoarethetwogirlsthatarestanding______？A．backtoback B．backinback C．backbyback D．backforback翻译句子2)不要背靠背站着，好吗？________________________________________________________________________4．Apparentlyhe'dbeenshockedwhenhesawaterribleaccidentinwhichatram'sbrakesfailed，theconductorcouldnotcontrolthesituationandthetramslippeddownthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通事故：由于一辆马车刹车失灵，驾车失控，车子和马一起从山上滑了下去，很明显这让他极为震惊。剖析：inwhichatram'sbrakesfailed...是定语从句，修饰aterribleaccident。InMarch,2011，atsunamistruckJapan，inwhichmanypeoplewerekilled.2011年3月日本发生了海啸，许多人在这次海啸中丧生。考点：slipvi.滑动；滑行；滑跤n．滑动；滑倒Thecupslippedfromthechild'shand.茶杯从那个孩子的手中滑了出去。Thegirlisslippingontheice.那个女孩在冰上滑行。Heslippedandfelldownthestairs.他滑倒了，从楼梯上摔了下来。Shehadabadslipontheice.她在冰上滑倒了，重重地摔了一下。归纳：slip的过去式和过去分词是______，动词­ing形式是slipping。slip作名词时是______名词。1)slip作动词时，还有“悄悄过去，溜”的含义。Aboystudentslippedoutoftheclassroom.一个男生溜出了教室。2)slip作名词时还有“疏忽，错误”的含义。It'saslipofthepen.这是个笔误。Thereareafewslipsinthetext.这篇课文中有几处错误。3)辨析slip与slide：slip与slide都表示“滑”，但slip表示不自主地“滑；滑动”。slide表示有意地“滑”，平稳而顺畅地“滑行”。Mybrotherslippedontheiceandhurthishead.我的弟弟在冰上滑倒，伤了头部。Tomlikesslidingontheice.汤姆喜欢滑冰。单项填空1)(2011·江苏泰州调研)Infreezingweather，snow______turnintoice，whichiseasyto______.A．may；beslipped B．can；slipC．can；slipon D．must；slipon2)(2011·广东深圳月考)Isoon______intomyoldhabitofdozingoffinfrontofthescreen.A．slippedback B．returned C．wentback D．tookagain5．Teamedupwithacouplefrommyhotel(PeterandTerri)andhiredacar.同饭店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。考点一：teamupwith与……合作或一起工作Theprofessorteamedupwithhisassistanttofinishtheexperiment.教授和他的助手合作来完成这项实验。TheyteamedupwiththescientistsfromtheUNtofightagainstthebirdflu.他们与从联合国来的科学家携手同禽流感斗争。考点二：hirevt.&n．租用；雇用Theyhiredacarfortendays.他们租用了一辆汽车十天。TheforeignerhiredadrivertotakehimonatourofShanghai.那个外国人雇用了一个司机带他游览上海。Bicyclesforhire！出租自行车！employ，hire和rent的不同用法1)employ意为“雇，雇人”，指商店或公司长期雇用人。Thecompanywillemployfiftymorepeople.公司将再雇用50个人。2)hire意为“短期租借，雇”，指按工作量或时间雇用或租借，宾语可为人或物。Hehiredasuitforthewedding.他租借了一套衣服参加婚礼。3)rent意为“租”，指长期租用或出租(房屋、土地等)，一般以物作宾语。Ihaverentedahouseandpaidtherent.我已租了一套房子，并付了租金。单项填空1)Hecanhardly______hiswife'sbadtemper,sohedecidedtoseekdivorcewithher.A．teamedupwith B．caughtupwith C．putupwith D．keptupwith2)—Doyoufeellike______thereorshallwetakeabus?—I'dliketowalk.Butsincethereisn'tmuchtimeleft，I'dratherwe______ataxi.A．walking；hire B．towalk；hire C．towalk；hired D．walking；hired词语替换3)Itisnecessaryforonecountrytocooperatewithothersintheneweconomicworld.________________________________________________________________________6．There'safascinatingdrivemarkedoutfortourists.有一种专为旅游者选定的吸引人的驾车游活动。考点一：fascinatingadj.迷人的；吸引人的Ihadexpectedthebooktobeboringbutonthecontraryitwasfascinating.我本以为这本书很乏味，但正好相反，它让人着迷。考点二：markout画线；标出……界线Spacesforeachcarweremarkedoutinthecar­park.停车场上的每个车位都用线画出。Theymarkedoutthetenniscourtwithwhitepaint.他们用白漆标出了网球场的界线。1)markout还有“规划出”“删掉”的含义。如：Thedirectionsofurbandevelopmenthavebeenmarkedout.城市的发展方向已经规划出来了。Thewordisunnecessary.Markitout.这个词不需要，删掉它。2)bemarkedwith被做上……的标记Theboxyouarelookingforismarkedwithyourname，isn'tit?你找的那个箱子用你的名字做上了标记，是不是？单项填空1)Scientistsfoundmanystones______withnumbersonthemountains.A．marking B．marked C．beingmarkedD．havebeenmarked2)Thefarmersare______thegoodseedsandthebadones.A．markingout B．choosingfrom C．findingout D．donatingout3)Theshopwindowdisplayisso______tothechildrenthattheystoodinfrontofitforalongtime.A．fascinated B．fascinate C．fascinates D．fascinating7．It'sa79kmround­tripthattakesinallthefamoustouristspots.这是一次往返79公里剖析：thattakesinallthefamoustouristspots是一个定语从句。考点：takein包括；吸收Thisarticletakesinallaspectsoftheproblem.这篇文章包括这个问题的所有方面。Somanygoodideas！It'shardformetotakeinallatonce.这么多好主意！对我来说，很难一下完全吸收。1)takein还有“收留”“欺骗”“相信”“理解，明白”等含义。如：Thekindfarmertookinthehomelesschild.那位好心的农民收留了这个无家可归的孩子。Don'tletyourselfbetakeninbythesepoliticians.不要让这些政客们把你骗了。Herhusbandtakesinallshesays.她的丈夫相信她所有的话。Wecan'ttakeinwhatheissaying.我们不明白他在说什么。2)take常用短语归纳：takeadvantageof利用，占……的便宜takeafter长相或性格等像takeforgranted想当然认为(会是某种情况)takeiteasy慢慢地(不要着急)takeon呈现；雇用takeoff脱下；匆匆离开；飞机起飞takeover接替(职务)，接管单项填空1)Someinsects______thecolouroftheirsurroundingstoprotectthemselves.A．takein B．takeoff C．takeon D．takeout2)Theseteenagersdon'tknowmuchoftheworldyet，andthat'swhytheyaresoeasily______.A．takenin B．takenafter C．takenon D．takenoff选词填空3)Ourtextbook______55picturestakeninforeigncountries.(takesin；takesover)4)Fish______oxygenthroughtheirgills.(takeover；takein)8．Sawsomeinterestingtempleshere，anumberofmarketsandagreatmanyrestaurants.在这儿看到了一些有趣的寺庙，不少的集贸市场和大量的餐馆。考点：agreat/goodmany许多；很多Inthesnowstorm，agreatmanystudentsarewaitinginlonglinestosignforthearttest.在暴风雪中，许多学生排队等候艺术考试报名。Ihaveagoodmanythingstodo.我有很多事情要做。1)agreat/goodmany修饰可数名词，类似的短语还有quiteafew；alarge/greatnumberof；scoresof；dozensof等。QuiteafewfootballfanshavearrivedinSouthAfrica.许多足球迷已经到达了南非。2)修饰不可数名词的短语有agreatdealof；agoodsupplyof；suppliesof；agreat/goodamountof等。如：Thereisagreatdealofoilonthesurfaceoftheseaaftertheaccident.事故发生后，海面上有大量的石油。3)manya/an修饰单数名词，其后的谓语动词形式用单数，但是其意义是“很多”。如：ManyastudentisreadingEnglish.很多学生在读英语。4)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的有alotof，lotsof，plentyof，alargequantityof，(large)quantitiesof等。Thereisplentyofraininthisarea.这个地区雨水充足。Largequantitiesofbooksareprovidedforthelibrarybyhim.他为这个图书馆提供了大量的书籍。单项填空1)________________oftimeandenergyhasbeenspentinmakingtheearthquake­strickenareasapermanentmuseumtoremindpeoplehowdisastrousanaturaldisastercanbe.A．Agreatnumber B．Agreatdeal C．Agreatmany D．Aplenty2)______studentshavebeensenttohelpcutriceonthefarm.A．Agoodmany B．Thenumberof C．AgreatmanyofD．Agreatdealof3)—WhatdoyouthinkofHarry，ournewroommate?—Iamnotsure，butheisalwaysasking______questions.A．agreatmanyof B．agreatmanyC．agreatnumber D．alargeamountof9．From1882to1940AngelIslandwasafamousimmigrationstationwheremanyChinesepeopleappliedforrighttoliveinUSA.从1882年到1940年，天使岛成为一个著名的移民站，很多中国人在那里申请了在美国的居住权。剖析：where引导定语从句，修饰immigrationstation。IwillgotoChengduwheremyfriendlives.我将去成都，我的朋友住在那儿。考点：applyfor申请；请示得到LiHuahasappliedforapassporttotheUSA.李华申请了去美国的护照。Heisapplyingtothebankforaloan.他正在向银行请示得到一笔贷款。1)applyoneselfto致力于，使专心从事HeappliedhimselftolearningEnglish.他专心学英语。2)applyto运用；适用于Weshouldapplyourknowledgetoourlife.我们应该把我们的知识运用到我们的生活中去。Theseprinciplesapplytolearningmaths.这些原则适用于学习数学。单项填空1)TsinghuaUniversity，foundedin1911，isafirstclassuniversity，______lotsofpeopleareeagertostudy.A．which B．where C．when D．why2)Manylaid­offworkershave______thegovernment______thenewly­builtapartments.A．appliedfor；toB．appliedto；for C．applied；for D．applied；to3)Theposition______bymostcandidatesactuallyrequiresatleast5years'workingexperience.A．applyingfor B．appliedfor C．applyingto D．appliedto汉译英4)他通过当地政府申请了一份工作。________________________________________________________________________5)他已经申请去丹麦与一家公司合作。________________________________________________________________________10．Thecellsinthestationwereverysmall，coldanddamp；somedidnotevenhavelightbuttheimmigrantshadnowhereelsetogo.移民站的房间又小又冷又潮湿，一些房间甚至没有光，但是移民们没有其他去处。考点：nowhereadv.无处；到处都无—Wherecanyoufindhelp?你能在哪儿找到帮助？—Nowhere.没有地方。Thechildrenwerenowheretobefound.到处都找不到那些孩子们。somewhereadv.某处；在某处anywhereadv.任何地方；无论何处everywhereadv.处处，到处nowherenear离……很远；肯定不；差得远单项填空1)Sincepeoplearefondofhumor，itisaswelcomeinconversationas______else.A．anything B．something C．anywhere D．somewhere2)Ionlyhad￥100,000andthatwas______tobuyanewhouse.A．nearenoughnowhere B．enoughnearnowhereC．nowhereenoughnear D．nowherenearenough翻译句子3)这个可怜的老人无处可住。________________________________________________________________________11．In1940thecivilauthoritiesreformedthesystemsothatmanymoreChinesepeoplewereabletograsptheopportunityofsettlingintheUSA.在1940年，民政部门改革了制度，使得更多的中国人能够得到机会在美国定居。剖析：sothat引导结果状语从句。WeChinesemadegoodpreparationssothatwehostedthe2008Olympicssuccessfully.我们中国人做了充分准备，使得我们成功地举办了2008年奥运会。考点：reformvt.&vi.改革；革新nTheyhavereformedtheeducationsystemtomeetwiththenewsituation.他们改革了教育制度，以迎合新的形势。Thereformandopening­uppolicyhasbroughtusChinesepeoplearichandcolourfullife.改革开放的政策给我们中国人民带来了富裕和多彩的生活。Thereforminteachingmethodsiswarmlywelcomedbystudents.教学方法的改良受到了学生们的热烈欢迎。单词拼写1)Thegroupwas______(改组)intotenpartsafterthewar.2)Themanagerbroughtforwardanew______(改革)planonthepersonnelsystemofthecompany.12．Grammar考点一：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(NounClauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词(词组)，它在复合句中能作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。考点二：引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that，whether，if；连接代词：what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which等；连接副词：when，where，how，why等。考点三：主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句的构成和用法。从句作用句型例句主语从句在句子中作主语的从句叫主语从句。大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末，用it充当形式主语It＋be＋形容词(obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.)＋that从句。Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.她将会在考试中取得好成绩是毋庸置疑的。It＋be＋名词词组(nowonder，anhonour，agoodthing，apity，nosurprise，etc.)＋that从句。It＋be＋过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.)＋that从句。It'snosurprisethatourteamshouldwinthegame.我们球队应该赢得这场比赛，这一点没什么可奇怪的。ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.据说格林先生已经到达北京了。宾语从句在句子中作宾语的从句叫宾语从句常见的可以接从句作宾语的动词有see，say，know，imagine，discover，believe，tell，show，think，consider等。WeconsideritnecessarythatheshouldimprovehisEnglishpronunciation.我们认为他很有必要提高英语发音。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，这类词有sure，glad，certain，pleased，happy，afraid，surprised，satisfied等，连词that可省略。Motherwasverypleased(that)herdaughterhadpassedtheexams.妈妈非常欣慰她的女儿已经通过了考试。表语从句在句子中作表语的从句叫表语从句where，why，because，how等词引导的从句常作Thisis...或Thatis...中的表语。表示地点、原因、方式等。Thisiswhereheworkedtenyearsago.这就是他十年前工作的地方。主语是reason时，表语从句常用that引导，而不用because。Thereasonforhisabsenceisthathewasill.他缺席的原因是他生病了。what常引导表语从句。Thegirlisnotwhatshewastenyearsago.这个女孩已经不是十年前的她了。as，asif有时引导表语从句。Thingswerenotastheyseemedtobe.事情不像它们看上去的那样。考点四：不可省略的连词：1．介词后的连词。2．引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词。考点五：whether与if均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，whether不能被if取代：1．whether引导主语从句并在句首时。2．whether引导表语从句时。3．whether从句作介词的宾语时。4．从句后有“ornot”时。考点六：名词性从句顺口溜名词性从句并不难，陈述语气要当先。特别注意引导词，引导主语、表语和宾语。主语从句嫌太长，it在句首属正常。宾语从句也不短，it代替并不乱。表语从句不能变，稳稳当当在中间。单项填空1)Itisstillunderdiscussion______theoldbusstationshouldbereplacedwithamodernhotelornot.A．whether B．when C．which D．where2)Beforeaproblemcanbesolved，itmustbeobvious______theproblemitselfis.A．whatB．that C．which D．why3)I'mafraidhe'smoreofatalkerthanadoer，whichis______heneverfinishesanything.A．that B．when C．where D．why4)CouldIspeakto______isinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A．who