英语名师讲练大一轮复习外研版通用核心素养测评三十九选修8Module1～3

温馨提示：此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。核心素养测评三十九选修8Modules1～3(限时35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·北京模拟)Wehopeyou’vefinallymadeyourpeacewithPlutobeingdowngradedfromaplanettoanicedwarf(冰矮星),becausewehavesomemorejarringnewsforyou:Itseemsyourteachersmayhavebeenwrongaboutthenumberofcontinentsontheearth,too.Earlierthisyear,scientistspublishedareportinthejournaloftheGeologicalSocietyofAmericadetailinganeighthcontinentcalledZealandia,roughlythesizeofIndiaandalmostpletelyhiditselfunderthePacificOceaneastofAustralia.CoveringallofNewZealandaswellasseveralnearbyislands,ZealandialikelyspentthebestofitsabovewaterdaysaspartofthesupercontinentGondwanabeforefragmentingoffAustraliaandAntarcticasome80millionyearsago.Thislost,underwatercontinentisjustbeginningtorevealitssecrets,makingforoneofthemostpromisingscientificdiscoveriesthisyear.Whileresearchershavebeenawareofthe1.9millionsquaremilemassfortwodecades,ZealandiahasonlyrecentlybeetheobjectofseriousstudysincetheGeologicalSocietypaperarguedthatitfitsallthecriteriaforapropercontinent,includingacontinentalcrust(地壳)that’sdistinctlyseparatefromtheseabedintermsofelevation,thickness,andgeology.Ateamof32scientistsfrom12countriesjustpletedtheirfirstvisittosixdigsitesaroundZealandia,wheretheydrilledupmorethan8,000feetofsedimentcores(沉积物岩心)thatwillhelpexplainthelostcontinent’s80millionyearhistory.Becausethereisnoofficialbodythatformallyrecognizescontinents,whetherornotZealandiaendsupinfuturegeographytextbookswilledowntoitsacceptancebythescientificmunityatlarge,possiblywithalittlehelpfromtravelerslikeyou.【文章大意】本文为说明文。众所周知,地球上有七大洲,但是最近科学家们却发现,地球上有可能存在第八大洲,就是现在新西兰等周边岛屿所在的地方,但尚待科学的进一步论证。1.WhydoestheauthormentionPluto?A.Toexpresshisorherpity.B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Togoagainsttheteachers.D.Toexplaintheicedwarf.【解析】选B。推理判断题。从整篇文章来看,本篇文章主要是介绍可能存在的地球上的第八个大洲,这是令人吃惊的。第一段提到Pluto被降级这件事起初是非常吃惊的,但文章话锋一转提到地理上的大洲,从而引出本文话题。分析选项可知B符合题意,故选B。2.WhatdoweknowaboutZealandiainParagraph2?A.ItneighborsAustralia.B.ItbelongstoGondwananow.C.ItissimilartoAntarcticainsize.D.Ithasahistoryofover80billionyears.【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第二段roughlythesizeofIndia表明它大体上与印度大小一致而不是南极洲,故C项不正确;“ZealandialikelyspentthebestofitsabovewaterdaysaspartofthesupercontinentGondwanabeforefragmentingoffAustraliaandAntarcticasome80millionyearsago”表明了它八千万年以前与澳洲和南极洲同属于古超级大陆冈瓦那大陆,故B和D项是错误的,A项正确。故选A。3.WhatcanmostprobablyhelpdiscovermoresecretsaboutZealandia?A.ThesedimentcoresonZealandia.B.ThewildlifeinNewZealand.C.Thestandardforacontinent.D.TheseabednearAntarctica.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段最后的“Ateamof32scientistsfrom12countriesjustpletedtheirfirstvisittosixdigsitesaroundZealandia,wheretheydrilledupmorethan8,000feetofsedimentcores(沉积物岩心)thatwillhelpexplainthelostcontinent’s80millionyearhistory”可知,通过获得钻出地下的沉积物岩心,科学家可以了解到具有八千万年历史的Zealandia的更多历史。故选A。4.Wheredoesthetextprobablyefrom?A.Atravelbrochure.B.Anadvertisement.C.Angeographymagazine.D.Asciencefiction.【解析】选C。推理判断题。本篇文章讲述的是有关地理方面的一个隐藏很久的可能的世界第八大洲,就学科方面来讲属于地理方面的知识,因此,本篇文章很可能来自于某地理杂志。故选C。【知识拓展】长难句剖析Whileresearchershavebeenawareofthe1.9millionsquaremilemassfortwodecades,ZealandiahasonlyrecentlybeetheobjectofseriousstudysincetheGeologicalSocietypaperarguedthatitfitsallthecriteriaforapropercontinent,includingacontinentalcrust(地壳)that’sdistinctlyseparatefromtheseabedintermsofelevation,thickness,andgeology.分析:本句是一个复合句。句中while引导让步状语从句;since引导时间状语从句;第一个that在句中引导宾语从句;第二个that引导定语从句。译文:尽管研究人员已经关注190万平方英里的块状陆地20年了,但是自从地质学会论文认为它符合所有成为一个大陆的标准以来,Zealandia只是在最近才得以成为认真研究的对象,这些标准,包括大陆地壳的海底割裂开来的海拔高度,厚度和地质方面。B导学号Inrecentyears,cursive(草书的)writinghasslowlydisappearedfromournationalschoolcurriculums.ButcursivewritingismakingaebackatoneNewYorkCityschool.Fox’sAudreyPuenteexplainswhytheschoolisturningbacktimetohelpitsstudentsinthefuture.AprincipalinBrooklynishelpingstudentsmovetowardsthefuturebyturningbacktime.“It’ssuperimportantthatweallthinkaboutputtingitbackintotheschoolsystem.”CherylLundySwiftistheprincipaloftheSummitAcademyCharterSchoolinRedHook.Shesayscursivewritingisaskillthat’sstillworthteaching.“Therearemany,manyjobsthatrequirehandwriting...doctors,teachers,nurses.It’sreallyimportantfromalifeskillsperspective,”LundySwiftsaid.EighthgraderTiyeLaWilliamsagrees.“Mostofthetimewhenteachersgradeyourworkandgiveyoufeedback,it’sincursive.Youhavetoreaditandunderstandit.”Williamssaid.CursivewritinghasbeenintheU.S.schoolsforover300years.Untilthe1970s,beautifulhandwritingwasaseparatelessonandevengivenaseparategradeonreportcards.Today,moretimeisgiventotechnology—possiblyaffectingthestudyofhistoricaldocuments.“LiketheDeclarationofIndependence,forexample,isinfactwrittenincursive.It’simportantforthemtolookatthatdocumentandnotthinkit’saforeignlanguagetothem,”LundySwiftsaid.“IfIknowhowtowriteinit,Icanreaditbetter.”Abinationofmunicationstrategieswouldbetterservestudents.“Ireallywantourscholarstobeabletomunicateeffectively,leadingthewayforconfidentfutureleaders.Intoday’sworld,thatshouldbehandwriting,keyboarding,tabletsandsuch,”LundySwiftsaid.“Itreallyshowsotherpeoplewhatwe’rereallycapableof.”【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了学校要重视草书学习的理由,纽约一所中学的校长提出草书学习的几个重要性。5.WhatdoesCherylLundySwiftthinkofcursivewriting?A.Itisanimportantlifeskill.B.Itwasonlyusefulinhistory.C.Itneedslearningforleaders.D.Itisfamiliartothestudents.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段“Shesayscursivewritingisaskillthat’sstillworthteaching.‘Therearemany,manyjobsthatrequirehandwriting...doctors,teachers,nurses.It’sreallyimportantfromalifeskillsperspective,’LundySwiftsaid.”可知,LundySwift认为:草书写作是一种仍然值得教授的技能,有很多工作都需要手写。故选A。6.Whydoestheeighthgraderfeelitnecessarytolearncursivewriting?A.Teacherscangivestudentsquickfeedback.B.Theteacherswillgivethemgoodgrades.C.Studentscan’tunderstanditinclass.D.Theteachersusuallyuseitinteaching.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段“‘Mostofthetimewhenteachersgradeyourworkandgiveyoufeedback,it’sincursive.Youhavetoreaditandunderstandit.’Williamssaid.”可知,这个8年级的学生威廉认为,大多数时候老师都用草书给学生作业评分、反馈等,所以学生必须要读懂老师的话。故选D。7.WhyistheDeclarationofIndependenceusedasanexampleinParagraph4?A.ToencouragestudentstostudyAmericanhistoricaldocuments.B.Tointroducetherelationshipbetweencursivewritingandhistory.C.Toshowignoringcursivewritingaffectsthestudyofhistoricaldocuments.D.Tostresstheimportancetostudycursiveinsteadoftechnology.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第四段“Today,moretimeisgiventotechnology—possiblyaffectingthestudyofhistoricaldocuments.‘LiketheDeclarationofIndependence,forexample,isinfactwrittenincursive.It’simportantforthemtolookatthatdocumentandnotthinkit’saforeignlanguagetothem,’LundySwiftsaid.”可知,用独立宣言做例子是说明:美国很多文献都是用草书写的,今天,大家忽视草书、更多关注现在技术,这样导致他们读不懂文献。故选C。8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Aprincipal’sdecisionmadeforherstudents.B.Thereasonsofaschool’steachingcursivewriting.C.Abinationofcursivewritingandtechnology.D.Thepopularityofcursivewritingatschool.【解析】选B。文章大意题。根据全文大意,尤其第一段第二、三句话“ButcursivewritingismakingaebackatoneNewYorkCityschool.Fox’sAudreyPuenteexplainswhytheschoolisturningbacktimetohelpitsstudentsinthefuture.”点出全文的主题,由此可知,草书书写正在纽约市的一所学校卷土重来。福克斯的奥黛丽·普恩特解释了为什么学校要重新去重视草书教育来帮助学生。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·郑州模拟)Ihadnoideashewouldbethere.Myapologiesforher1hadbeenprepared.

Whenmyteacherannouncedthatwewouldbehavinga(n)2motherdaughtertea,Ifelt3Iwouldnotbeservingmymotheratthisspecialevent.SoIwillneverforget4thebeautifullydecoratedgymandthereshewas,sittingcalmly,and5!AsIlookedather,Iimaginedallthearrangementsthis6womanmusthavehadtomaketobeabletobewithmeforthatonehour.

Whowas7granny?Shewasillinbed,andMomhadtodoeverythingforher.Howdidshegethere?Wedidn’townacar,andshecouldn’t8ataxi.Itwasalongwalktogetthebus,plusatleastfivemoreblockstothe9.

Andtheprettydressshewas10,redwithtinywhiteflowers,wasjustrightforthetea.Therewasnomoneyforextraclothes,andIknewshehadgoneinto11againtohaveit.

Iwassoproud!Iservedherteawitha12,thankfulheart,andintroducedhertothegroupwhenour13came.Isatwithmymotherthatday,justliketherestofthe14,andthatwasvery15tome.Thelookofloveinhereyestoldmeshe16.

Ihaveneverforgotten.Oneofthe17ImadetomyselfandtomychildrenwasthatIwouldalwaysbethereforthem.Thatpromiseis18tokeepintoday’sbusyworld.ButIhavea(n)19beforemethatputsany20excusestorest.Ijustrecallagainwhenmothercametotea.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了妈妈排除一切困难陪女儿参加茶会的故事。1.A.absenceB.errorC.lateness D.rudeness【解析】选A。根据上下文可知,“我”原以为妈妈会缺席茶会。absence缺席;error错误;lateness迟到;rudeness粗鲁。故选A。2.A.urgent B.formalC.private D.frequent【解析】选B。根据下文中的beautifullydecoratedgym和Andtheprettydressshewas...wasjustrightforthetea可知,这次茶会很正式。urgent紧急的;formal正式的;private私人的;frequent频繁的。故选B。3.A.proud B.angryC.certain D.embarrassed【解析】选C。联系上文中的Myapologiesforherhadbeenprepared可知,“我”确信妈妈一定不会来参加这个活动。proud骄傲的;angry生气;certain确信;embarrassed困窘的。故选C。

4.A.stayingat B.returningtoC.walkinginto D.droppinginto【解析】选C。根据下文中的thereshewas,sittingcalmly可知,“我”走进装饰华美的体育馆时看到妈妈坐在那里。stayingat住在;returningto回到;walkinginto走入;droppinginto偶然进入。故选C。5.A.sobbing B.smilingC.singing D.suffering【解析】选B。联系上文中的sittingcalmly和下文中的Thelookofloveinhereyes可知,妈妈当时安静地坐在那里,微笑着。sobbing啜泣;smiling微笑;singing唱歌;suffering受苦。故选B。6.A.educated B.lonelyC.strange D.great【解析】选D。妈妈排除万难来参加女儿的茶会,因此在女儿眼中,妈妈是“伟大的”。educated受过教育的;lonely孤独的;strange奇怪的;great伟大的。故选D。7.A.attendingon B.laughingatC.cheeringfor D.chattingwith【解析】选A。根据下文中的Shewasillinbed,andMomhadtodoeverythingforher.可知,“我”担心妈妈走后谁来照顾奶奶。attendon照料;laughat嘲笑;cheerfor加油;chatwith闲谈。故选A。8.A.advance B.affordC.admit D.arrange【解析】选B。根据上文中的Wedidn’townacar和下文中的Itwasalongwalktogetthebus可知,妈妈没有能力支付打车费。advance前进;afford支付;admit承认;arrange安排。故选B。9.A.home B.stationC.school D.market【解析】选C。根据上文中的myteacherannouncedthatwewouldbehavingaformalmotherdaughtertea可知,妈妈来学校参加茶会。home家;station车站;school学校;market市场。故选C。10.A.wearing B.makingC.designing D.holding【解析】选A。根据下文中的wasjustrightforthetea可知,妈妈穿着的这件漂亮的礼服很适合茶会。wearing穿;making制作;designing设计;holding拿着。故选A。11.A.detail B.businessC.action D.debt【解析】选D。根据上文中的Therewasnomoneyforextraclothes可知,为了买这件衣服,妈妈又负债了。detail细节;business生意;action行动;debt债务。故选D。12.A.strong B.braveC.happy D.broken【解析】选C。妈妈穿着得体地来参加茶会,这让女儿感到很幸福。strong强壮的;brave勇敢的;happy幸福的;broken破碎的。故选C。13.A.turn B.chanceC.message D.decision【解析】选A。在茶会上应该是轮流作介绍,所以当“轮到”我们的时候,“我”怀着一颗感恩的心把妈妈介绍给大家。turn轮次;chance机会;message信息;decision决定。故选A。14.A.team B.panyC.family D.class【解析】选D。根据上文中的myteacherannouncedthatwewouldbehavingaformalmotherdaughtertea可知,参加茶会的都是“班上(class)”的女同学和她们的妈妈。team团队;pany公司;family家;class班级。故选D。15.A.annoying B.importantC.interesting D.surprising【解析】选B。根据上文中的Iwassoproud!Iservedherteawithahappy,thankfulheart可知,能像其他同学一样和妈妈坐在一起参加茶会,这对于“我”来说“很重要(important)”。annoying讨厌的;important重要的;interesting有趣的;surprising奇怪的。故选B。16.A.understood B.acceptedC.agreed D.remembered【解析】选A。根据上文中的Thelookofloveinhereyes可知,妈妈理解我的心思。understand理解;accept接受;agree同意;remember记住。故选A。17.A.choices B.mistakesC.efforts D.promises【解析】选D。下文中的Iwouldalwaysbethereforthem是“我”对自己和孩子们许下的“诺言(promises)”。后文的“promise”亦是提示。choices选择;mistakes错误;efforts努力;promises允诺。故选D。18.A.unfair B.difficultC.false D.wise【解析】选B。根据下文中的intoday’sbusyworld可知,在如今这个忙碌的世界,遵守这样的诺言很“难(difficult)”。unfair不公平的;difficult困难的;false错误的;wise聪明的。故选B。19.A.role B.ruleC.lesson D.example【解析】选D。根据下文中的Ijustrecallagainwhenmothercametotea可知,妈妈给“我”树立了一个“榜样(example)”。role角色;rule规则;lesson课程;example例子。故选D。20.A.awkward B.politeC.poor D.meaningful【解析】选C。根据下文中的excusestorest可知,这些借口是“没有说服力的(poor)”。awkward尴尬的;polite礼貌的;poor贫乏的,没有说服力的;meaningful有意义的。故选C。Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ClassicalChinesegardendesignaimstocreateanaturallandscapeonasmallscaleandemphasizetheperfectharmonybetweenmanandnature.AChinesegarden1.(be)likeascroll(卷轴)painting,2.(show)aseriesofcarefullyposedscenes.Newviewsarerevealedasonewalksalongthepathways.Inthegardens,3.mostfrequentlymeetstheeyeiswindingpathsthatseeminglyleadtonowhere.There,apathseemstoend,butallof4.sudden,anewworldisrolledoutbeforeyou:pavilions(亭子),rockformationsandspringwater—allbinedtoprovideap