NOKIA生产过程控制全球培训教材（一）

ProcessCapability(Cp/Cpk/Pp/Ppk)

GlobalTrainingMaterialCreator :GlobalMechanicsProcessManagerFunction :MechanicsApprover :GaryBradley/GlobalProcessTeamDocumentID :DMT00018-ENVersion/Status :V.1.0/ApprovedLocation :Notes:\\…\NMP\DOCMANR4\PCP\PCProcessLibraryDocManChangeHistory:Issue Date HandledBy Comments1.0 21stDec’01 JimChristy&Søren

Lundsfryd ApprovedforGlobalUseNOTE–Allcommentsandimprovementsshouldbeaddressedtothecreatorofthisdocument.ContentsSection Heading/Description Page1 Variation,TolerancesandDimensionalControl 4 2 Population,SampleandNormalDistribution 153 CpandCpkConcept 284 UseoftheNMPDataCollectionSpreadsheet 445 ConfidenceofCpk 52 ProcessCapability-EvaluatingManufacturingVariationAcknowledgementsBennyMatthiassen (NMPCMT,Copenhagen,Denmark)FrankAdler (NMPAlliance,Dallas,USA)JoniLaakso (NMPR&D,Salo,Finland)JimChristy (NMPSRC,Southwood,UK)Section1Variation,TolerancesandDimensionalControlTwoTypesofProductCharacteristicsVariable:Acharacteristicmeasuredinphysicalunits,e.g.millimetres,volts,amps,decibelandseconds.ONOFFAttribute:Acharacteristicthatbycomparisontosomestandardisjudged“good”or“bad”,e.g.freefromscratches(visualquality).InthistrainingwedealwithvariablesonlyProcessCapability(Cp/Cpk/Pp/Ppk)

GlobalTrainingMaterialCreator :GlobalMechanicsProcessManagerFunction :MechanicsApprover :GaryBradley/GlobalProcessTeamDocumentID :DMT00018-ENVersion/Status :V.1.0/ApprovedLocation :Notes:\\…\NMP\DOCMANR4\PCP\PCProcessLibraryDocManChangeHistory:Issue Date HandledBy Comments1.0 21stDec’01 JimChristy&Søren

Lundsfryd ApprovedforGlobalUseNOTE–Allcommentsandimprovementsshouldbeaddressedtothecreatorofthisdocument.ContentsSection Heading/Description Page1 Variation,TolerancesandDimensionalControl 4 2 Population,SampleandNormalDistribution 153 CpandCpkConcept 284 UseoftheNMPDataCollectionSpreadsheet 445 ConfidenceofCpk 52 ProcessCapability-EvaluatingManufacturingVariationAcknowledgementsBennyMatthiassen (NMPCMT,Copenhagen,Denmark)FrankAdler (NMPAlliance,Dallas,USA)JoniLaakso (NMPR&D,Salo,Finland)JimChristy (NMPSRC,Southwood,UK)Section1Variation,TolerancesandDimensionalControlTwoTypesofProductCharacteristicsVariable:Acharacteristicmeasuredinphysicalunits,e.g.millimetres,volts,amps,decibelandseconds.ONOFFAttribute:Acharacteristicthatbycomparisontosomestandardisjudged“good”or“bad”,e.g.freefromscratches(visualquality).InthistrainingwedealwithvariablesonlyTheSourcesofProcess/SystemVariationMethodsOperatorsCustomerSatisfactionMaterialEnvironmentEquipmentProcessTwoTypesofProcessesAllprocesseshave:Natural(random)variability

=>duetocommoncausesStableProcess:

AprocessinwhichvariationinoutcomesarisesonlyfromcommoncausesUnstableProcess:

AprocessinwhichvariationisaresultofbothcommonandspecialcausesUSLLSLnominalvalueDefectUSLLSLnominalvalue

Unnaturalvariability=>duetospecialcausesShewhart(1931)TheTwoCausesofVariationCommonCauses:Causesthatareimplementedintheprocessduetothedesignoftheprocess,andaffectalloutcomesoftheprocessIdentifyingthesetypesofcausesrequiresmethodssuchasDesignofExperiment(DOE),etc.

SpecialCauses:Causesthatarenotpresentintheprocessallthetimeanddonotaffectalloutcomes,butarisebecauseofspecificcircumstancesSpecialcausescanbeidentifiedusingStatisticalProcessControl(SPC)USLLSLNominal

valueDefectUSLLSLnominal

valueTolerancesLSL(lowerspecificationlimit)10,7USL(upperspecificationlimit)10,9AcceptablepartR