2023年考博英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解

2023年考博英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共50题)1.Sheisfurious(of)herson'sgradesinschool,(which)explainswhyMarkisjealous(of)Julia'shighmarks(on)theexam.A.ofB.whichC.ofD.on2.Theplaywrightwasknownnotforhisoriginalideasbutforhis______ofideasthathadbeenpropoundedbyothers.A.inventionB.reiterationC.considerationD.rejection3.Realestate,inbroaddefinition,islandandeverythingmadepermanentlyapartthereof,andthenatureandextentofone'sinteresttherein.Inlaw,thewordreal,asitrelatestoproperty,meanslandasdistinguishedfrompersonalproperty;andestateisdefinedastheinterestonehasinproperty.

Realestatemaybeacquired,owned,andconveyed(ortransferred)byindividuals;businesscorporations;

charitable,

religious,

educational,

fraternal,

andvariousothernonprofitcorporations;

fiduciaries,

suchastrusteesandexecutors;

partnerships;

andgenerallybyanylegalentityasdeterminedanddefinedbythelawsofthevariousstatesoftheU.S.Limitationsareestablishedinconnectionwithsalesofrealestatebyminors,incompetents,andcertaintypesofcorporations,andgenerallyincasesinvolvingsomeformoflegaldisabilityorlackofcapacity.4.Whatisitthattheauthorwantsto______tohisreadersthroughthestory?A.conveyB.convinceC.convertD.conform5.Price______isatthetopofthefactorscontributingtotheriseofconstructioncostintheareaaftertheearthquake.A.flawB.fraudC.flakeD.fore6.It'sapparentthatthewoodenbridgeisnotstrongenoughto______theweightofalorry.A.retainB.sustainC.obtainD.maintain7.1．在世界各地，今天比任何时候都更加感觉到中国的存在，它在世界政治形势中占有历史性的重要地位。2．我们的社会主义实践，与其说是出于社会主义理论的理解和运用，还不如说是为了适应现实的需要。3．我们现在面临的所有重大世界性问题中最重要的问题就是人口对土地和土地资源的压力正在迅速增长。4．在科学技术迅猛发展的今天，振兴经济的希望在教育，教师队伍的数量和质量对教育发展只有决定性的影响。5．必须引导人们正确处理竞争和协作、自主和监督、效率和公平、先富和共富、经济效率和社会效益等关系。8.Themanufacturerwasforcedtoreturnthemoneytotheconsumersunder______oflaw.A.guidelineB.definitionC.constraintD.identity9.Aneffectcanbecomeacause,reinforcetheoriginalcauseandproducingthesameeffectinanintensifiedform,andsoonindefinitely.10.TheargumentthatChildrenarenolongeraneconomicas.set,butmoreofaliability,drewmoreattentionofthepublic.A.productivityB.possibilityC.responsibilityD.necessity11.Moregovernments,especiallyindevelopingnations,nowsupportfamilyplannedprogramstoreducepopulationgrowth.12.Thearticleopensandcloseswithdescriptionsoftwonewsreports,each______onemajorpointincontrastwiththeother.A.makesB.istomakeC.makingD.made13.Histhoughtswere______fromthepainfultopicbythesuddenarrivalofaclosefriend.A.dissuadedB.distractedC.discernedD.discounted14.Oneoftherealservicesofthehistoricalnovelisnotthatitcanbeasubstituteforhistory,butthatitcanbea(n)extension.A.complimentB.supplementC.instrumentD.replacement15.Sometimesadictionarydesignatesanounasattributive,whichmeansthatitcanbeusedtodescribeanothernounornameitsattributes.A.conveysB.definesC.indicatesD.explains16.Nobodynoticedthethiefslipintothehousebecausethelightshappenedto______.A.beputupB.giveinC.beturnedonD.goout17.Afterthebigprojectwasaccomplished,theemployer______thenumberofmenworkingforhim.A.cutoffB.cutshortC.cutoutD.cutback18.Thegovernment'spoliciesinthepastfiveyearshaveshowna(n)______inemphasizingthenecessityofimprovingthepeasants'livelihood.A.exaltationB.coherenceC.agonyD.behavior19.2.

A.Thewomanasksthemanforleave.B.Themandoesnotwelcomethewoman.C.Themanisonavisittothewoman.D.Thewomanhopestolivewiththeman.20.Sincethematterwasextremely,______wedealtwithitimmediately.A.toughB.tenseC.urgentD.instant21.Nobodyatworkisveryhappy,becauselastweek'ssalesfigureswerepretty______.A.destroyingB.depressingC.decreasingD.declining22.Billhadbeenlookingforhisglovesforquiteawhile,which______eventuallyunderacushion.A.turnedupB.turnedonC.turneddownD.turnedover23.She'sfainted.Throwsomewateronherfaceandshemaysoon______.A.comeroundB.comebackC.comeagainD.comeout24.Peoplethought:Hey,eatacarpandyouwillbetakingin(what)itisthatgivesyouthese(fish)theirlong(life-span).Ofcourse,it(hasn't)donealotofgoodforthesecarp.

A.what

B.fish

C.life-span

D.hasn'tdone25.Developmentsin19th-eenturyEuropeareboundedbytwogreatevents.TheFrenchRevolutionbrokeoutin1789,anditseffectsreverberatedthroughoutmuchofEuropeformanydecades:WorldWarIbeganin1914.ItsinceptionresultedfrommanytrendsinEuropeansociety,culture,anddiplomacyduringthelate19thcentury.Inbetweentheseboundaries--theoneopeninganewsetoftrends,theotherbringinglong-standingtensionstoahead--muchofmodernEuropewasdefined.

Europeduringthis125-yearspanwasbothunitedanddeeplydivided.Anumberofbasicculturaltrends,includingnewliterarystylesandthespreadofscience,ranthroughtheentirecontinent.Europeanstateswereincreasinglylockedindiplomaticinteraction,culminatingincontinentwidealliancesystemafter1871.Atthesametime,thiswasthecenturyofgrowingnationalism,inwhichindividualstatesjealouslyprotectedtheiridentitiesandindeedestablishedmorerigorousbordercontrolsthaneverbefore.Finally,TheEuropeancontinentwastoanextentdividedbetweentwozonesofdifferentialdevelopment.ChangessuchastheIndustrialRevolution_andpoliticalliberalizationspreadfirstandfastestinwesternEurope-Britain,France,theLowCountries,Scandinavia,and,toanextent,GermanyandItaly.EasternandsouthernEurope,moreruralattheoutsetoftheperiod,changedmoreslowlyandinsomewhatdifferentways.

Europewitnessedimportantcommonpatternsandincreasinginterconnections,butthesedevelopmentsmustbeassessedintermsofnation-statedivisionsand,evenmore,oflargerregionaldifferences.Sometrends,includingtheongoingimpactoftheFrenchRevolution,ranthroughvirtuallytheentire19thcentury.Othercharacteristics,however,hadashorterlifespan.

Somehistoriansprefertodivide19th-centuryhistoryintorelativelysmallchunks.Thus1789-1815isdefinedbytheFrenchRevolutionandNapoleon;1815-1848formsaperiodofreactionandadjustment;1848-1871isdominatedbyanewroundofrevolutionandtheunificationsoftheGer-manandItaliannations;and1871-1914,anageofimperialism,isshapedbynewkindsofpoliticaldebateandthepressuresthatculminatedinwar.Overridingtheseimportantmarkers,however,asimplerdivisioncanalsobeuseful.Between1789and1849EuropedealtwiththeforcesofpoliticalrevolutionandthefirstimpactoftheIndustrialRevolution.Between1849and1914afullerindustrialsocietyemerged,includingnewformsofstatesandofdiplomaticandmilitaryalignments.Themid-19thcentury,ineitherformulation,loomsasaparticularlyimportantpointoftransitionwithintheextended19thcentury.26.A______tothisproblemisexpectedtobefoundbeforelong.A.resultB.responseC.settlementD.solution27.Wehavetheauthoritytocalltheclubbeforeusandtomakethemaccountforthemannerinwhichtheirplayingaffairsarebeingconducted.A.calculateB.forgiveC.explainD.demonstrate28.新闻与我们的日常生活息息相关。报纸、杂志、广播、电视这些大众传播工具，是我们认识周围事物的耳目。踏入21世纪，我们虽然已经走在高速信息公路上，可以借助因特网获取资讯，然而，就功能和特征，受众的接受程度以及传播信息的方式来说，传统的大众传播工具仍旧发挥着重要的作用。29.Theworstthingisthatsometimeshusbandslivethe______thattheycandoanythingevenwhentheyhavebeenrepeatedlyprovedwrong.A.delusionB.illusionC.misconceptionD.deception30.Inordertosurvivenowand______inthefuture,alltheworkingstaffmustconstantlycreatenewideasforeveryaspectofyourbusiness.A.maximizeB.thriveC.modernizeD.remain31.Directions:

Youaretowriteacompositionofnolessthan250wordsanddoyourcompositionneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Yourcompositionshouldbebasedonthefollowingtopic.

Topic:OnKnowledgeandAbility32.ProfessorJeffrey'slectureontherecyclingofwastepaperandothergarbagewillshow______canstillbeimproved.A.thatthemunicipalauthoritieshavedoneB.howthosethemunicipalauthoritieshavedoneC.howwhatthemunicipalauthoritieshavedoneD.thathowthemunicipalauthoritieshavedone33.Theyare______offreefreshfruit.Theywanttogetbacktotheirherdsandstartfarmingagain.A.seekingB.dreamingC.longingD.searching34.Thoughherefusedanyresponsibilityforthefailureofthenegotiations,Stevensonhadnorightto______himself:itwashis______thathadcausedthedebacle.A.blame...skillB.congratulate...modestyC.berate...largesseD.absolve...acrimony35.Inaboldpromotional______forthemovie,hesmashedhiscarintoapassingtruck.A.aerobicsB.adobeC.sodD.stunt36.Iwouldhavegonetothelecturewithyou______Iwassobusy.A.exceptthatB.providedthatC.butthatD.onlythat37.TheTrojanWarprovedtotheGreeksthatcunningand______wereoftenmoreeffectivethanmilitary,might.A.artificeB.strengthC.wisdomD.beauty38.TheMinister's______answerledtoanoutcryfromtheopposition.A.impressiveB.evasiveC.intensiveD.amusive39.Myfriend'sparents______hertomarrythepooryoungman,butatlastshesucceeded.A.bannedB.prohibitedC.preventedD.forbade40.Inthepast10years,thecompanyhasgradually______allofitssmallerrivals.A.engagedB.occupiedC.monopolizedD.absorbed41.(Justas)childrentheworldover(like)Christmasmorning,(adultssolike)Christmaseveningwhen(peaceandcalm)returntothehousehold.A.JustasB.likeC.adultssolikeD.peaceandcalm42.Initsbroadestsense,attributiontheoryisconcernedwithhowordinarypeoplemakesenseoftheworldandit______morecontrollableandpredictablebymakingattributionsastothecausesofpeople'sbehaviorsandevents.A.deliveredB.renderedC.practicedD.suffocated43.Theeconomicsituation(willimprove)giventhatthereis(forecasttobe)less(unemployment)andclosuresthan(inpreviousyears).A.willimproveB.forecasttobeC.unemploymentD.inpreviousyears44.Somepeoplethinkit's______tosmokewithacigaretteholder,A.flexibleB.sophisticatedC.versatileD.productive45.Itwas______bytherailwayboardthatthecostofrailfareswouldbeincreasedbytenpercent.A.noticedB.statedC.proposedD.informed46.Themeritofasalestaxisthatitdecreasesgovernmentrelianceonincometaxes.A.outcomeB.supplyC.virtueD.balance47.______springsnotoutoftrueanddeepadmiration,butmoreoftenoutofaself-seekingwishtoidentifywithsomeoneimportantorfamous.A.AcomplimentB.AnadulatoryC.FlatteryD.Praise48.OnthisbarrenplaceonAikhanomHill,overlookingriel&pepperedwithlandmines,soldierscometolayastoneorsayaprayerforfriendslostinyearsofwar.A.infertileB.disastrousC.plausibleD.impeccable49.Duringacivildefenseexercise,thepolice______thestreetsineaseanyonetriedtoleavesheltertoosoon.A.pavedB.patrolledC.peeredD.permeate50.Internationalsportshouldcreategoodwillbetweenthenations,butinthepresentorganizationoftheOlympics,somehowencourages______patriotism.A.obsoleteB.aggressiveC.harmoniousD.amiable第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：A应改为with或at。2.参考答案：B(reiteration重复)。句意为：这位剧作家不是因创见而闻名而是因重复别人提出的观点而闻名。A．invention发明；C．consideration考虑；D．rejection拒绝。3.参考答案：从广义上讲，不动产是土地和土地上所有固定不变的东西以及人们在其中拥有产权的性质和程度。4.参考答案：A[解析]本题是说这位作家想通过小说向读者们表达什么?convey的意思是“表达”，符合题意。如：Ican'tconveymyfeelingsinwords．

(我的情感难以言表。)其他三项“convince使确信；convert转变；conform使符合”不正确。5.参考答案：B(fraud欺诈)。句意为：价格欺诈是该地区地震之后建筑费上涨的主要因素。A．flaw缺点，瑕疵；C．flake薄片；D．fore先前的。6.参考答案：B[解析]本题为近形动词辨析题。空格前意思为“这座桥不够坚固”，空格后意思为“大卡车的重量”，由此可以推断选项B．sustain(支撑)符合题意。retain保留，eliminatethefalseandretainthetrue；support=sustain支撑，supporttheweightof；obtain获得，得到，obtainabook/degree；maintain维持，维修，maintainabalance/building。7.参考答案：略8.参考答案：C[解析]C项constraint“约束，强制”，如Soontiredoftheconstraintofmilitarylife(很快厌倦了军事生活的约束)，根据空格处的意思：在法律规定的范围内，故选C。A项guideline“指导性原则”；B项definition“定义”；D选项dentity“身份”，均不符合题意。所以，本题选C。9.参考答案：B。根据句意，aneffectcanbecomeacause和reinforcetheoriginalcause不是并列关系，这样句子存在谓语重复问题，应该将reinforce变为-ing形式，与后面的producingthesameeffect保持形式上的一致。此处非谓语动词表伴随。10.参考答案：Cliability责任，义务。responsibility责任，职责。productivity生产力。possibility可能性。necessity必需品，必要性。11.参考答案：C。plan和family是主动关系，故用现在分词。因此planned改为planning。12.参考答案：C[解析]eachmakingonemajorpointincontrastwiththeother为分词独立结构，放在主句之后，进一步补充细节情况。13.参考答案：B[解析]各选项的意思分别为：dissuaded劝阻，劝止，劝诫；distracted分神的，分散注意力的；discerned辨别，分清；discounted折扣，让头。答案是B。14.参考答案：B[解析]本题中，extension的意思是“延长，扩展”。四个选项中，supplement的意思是“补充，附录”，如：supplementone'sordinaryincomebywritingbooks(著书以增加正常的收入)。compliment的意思是“称赞，问候”；instrument的意思是“工具，手段”；replacement的意思是“归还，复位”。只有B符合题意。15.参考答案：Cconvey搬运，传达。define定义。indicate指出，显示。explain解释，说明。designate指明，指出。16.参考答案：D17.参考答案：D[解析]本题中cutoff意为“切断”；cutshort意为“缩短，打断”；cutout表示“切掉，停止，中断”；cutback表示“减少(人员或开支)”。根据题意，应选D。句意是：在这个大项目完成之后，老板裁减了他的雇员人数。18.参考答案：B[解析]本题空格处是说与强调改善农民生活的必要性是一致的。B项coherence“一致”符合题意。其他三项exaltation“提升，提高”；agony“苦恼”；behavior“举止，行为”都不正确。19.参考答案：C[解析]W:Can'tyoustaytwoorthreemoredays?M:No.Idon'twanttowearoutmywelcome.Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?20.参考答案：C[解析]A项tough意为“坚韧的，坚强的，不屈的，强横的，难对付的”，B项tense意为“绷紧的，紧张的”；C项urgent意为“紧急的”；D项instant意为“立即的，迅速的”。句子的后半部分暗示了情况紧急。21.参考答案：B[解析]B选项depressing(令人沮丧的，消沉的)符合题意。A选项destroying的意思是“破坏，毁坏”；C选项decreasing的意思是“下降”，由于pretty所修饰的必须是个形容词或副词，所以decreasing不符合题意；declining的意义和用法都可以等同decreasing，也不适合。本题空格处是说上周的销售额非常令人沮丧。因此B选项为正确答案。22.参考答案：Atarnup出现，找到。tarnon开启。tarndown拒绝。turnover移交，翻身。23.参考答案：A[解析]A项“comeround苏醒”符合题意。其他三项“B项comeback回来，恢复；C项comeagain重新赶上去；D项comeout出来，罢工，真相大白”都不正确。本题空格处说她可能会很快苏醒过来。因此A项为正确答案。24.参考答案：A应改为whatever。[解析]A项讲的是不管是什么，应改为whatever，意为“不管什么”。25.参考答案：[范文]

TheFrenchRevolutionin1789andtheWorldWarIin1914werethetwoboundariesinthedevelopmentsof19th-century'sEurope.

MuchofmodernEuropewasdefinedbetweenthesetwoboundaries.

Duringthatperiod,anumberofbasicculturaltrendsrunthroughtheentirecontinents.Europeanstateswerebusydealingwithdiplomaticinteraction,continentwidealliancesystemandthenationalism.WesternEuroperespondedtheIndustrialRevolutionandpoliticalliberalizationmuchfasterthaneasternandsouthernEurope.

Europeandevelopmentsshouldbevaluedaccordingtoregionaldifferencesanddifferenttrendshaddifferentlifespan.

19th-centuryhistoryusuallyisdividedintosmallparts.Theyare1789-1815,1815-1848,1848-1871,and1871-1914.Thereisanothersimplerdivision.Nomatterwhichonetakes,themid-19thcenturyisregardedasanimportantpointoftransition.26.参考答案：[解析]问题的解决方法为solution，且和to搭配。27.参考答案：Caccountfor对…做出解释。explain解释，说明。calculate计算，推算。forgive原谅，饶恕。demonstrate示范，证明。28.参考答案：

Newsiscloselyrelatedtoourdailylife.Suchmassmediaasnewspapers,magazines,radioandtelevisionareourmeanstoknowtheworldaroundus.Havingenteredthe21thcentury,weare"walking"ontheinformationhighwayandacquireinformationbymeansoftheInternet.Buttraditionalmassmediastillplayaveryimportantroleasfarastheirfunctionsandfeatures,thereceiver'sreceptivityandthewayinformationisspreadareconcerned.29.参考答案：A30.参考答案：B31.参考答案：参考范文

OnKnowledgeandAbility

Whenitcomestothetopicofknowledgeandability,therearevariousviewpointsamongpeople.Somepeopleholdtheideathataknowledgeablepersontendstobecomesuccessfulinoursociety,whileothersthinkthatitisuselesstoownalotofknowledgebutwithoutpracticalability,thereforeintheiropinionabilityismoreimportant.AsfarasI'mconcerned,bothknowledgeandabilityaresignificanttoourdevelopment,andweshouldcombineknowledgewithabilitybutnotseparatethem.

Inthefirstplace,inourdailylifeweoftenseesuchakindofpeoplewhoownmuchtheoreticalknowledge.However,whenasmalltaskisassignedtothem,theyfailtofulfillitordoitbadly.Similarly,somestudentswhohasjustgraduatedfromuniversityhavetoconfrontwithdifficultyoflookingforjobs,forthecompaniestheyapplyforarenotsurewhethertheyhavegotabilitytobecompetentforthejob.Thosewhocanprovetheirabilitywillwinthepositionmoreeasily.Soitisnotenoughtoonlypossessknowledge.

Inthesecondplace,itislimitedforaperson'sdevelopmentwithoutsolidbasisofknowledge.Thestoryofformerentrepreneursisagoodexample.Withtheirpreeminentabilityandcourage,theyfoundedmanyenterprisesthatplayedsignificantrolesinnationaleconomy.Butaseriousproblemtheyhavetoconsideristhattheknowledgetheypossesshasnotbeensufficienttomanageadevelopingenterprise,hencetheygotouniversitytoenrichtheirknowledgeofdifferentaspectsandemploytalentswithprofessionalknowledge.SoIcansayknowledgeisthespringsofability,itensuresourabilitynottodryup.

Inconclusion,itisundoubtedthatknowledgeisasimportantasabil