2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷（浙江专用01）（含解析含听力音频和听力原文）-1

第第页2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷（浙江专用01）（含解析，含听力音频和听力原文）2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷一（浙江专用）

本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

(2022-2023学年浙江省湖州、丽水、衢州三地市高三上学期11月教学质量测试)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.WhatdidRubydo

A.ShehidOwen’shatinashelf.

B.ShereturnedthehattoOwen.

C.ShestoppedplayingwithOwen.

【答案】A

【原文】M:Mom,helpme.Rubytookmyfavoritehatandhiditinashelfsomewhereinthehouse.

W:HeyRuby.PlaynicelywithOwenorI’llhavetosplityoutwoup.

2.Whatisthewomantryingtodo

A.Borrowabook.B.Buyacar.C.Rentclothes.

【答案】C

【原文】W:I’mlookingforaplacetorentasuit.MyhusbandandIhavesomeweddingstoattendinthearea,soI’mlookingtorentforoneortwomonths.

M:There’sashopbesidethecarrentalagency.There’salsooneoppositethebookshop.

3.Whereprobablyarethespeakers

A.Inthestreet.B.Inthepoliceoffice.C.Inthedoctor’soffice.

【答案】A

【原文】W:Somebodyhelp!Thatindividualtookmybagandisrunningaway!Cananyonerunafterhim

M:Areyouhurt,MadamDonotworry.I’llcatchhim.

4.Whatisthedecorationstyleoftheman’shouse

A.Traditional.B.Ancient.C.Modern.

【答案】C

【原文】W:Oh,Ilikeyourhouse.Thisisthelateststyleofdecoration,isn’titVeryup-to-date.

M:Yes,Iappreciatetraditionalhomes,butthatstylewouldn’tworkinaplacelikethis.

W:Yes,you’reright.It’smoresuitedtohistoricplaces.

5.Whatismostlikelythewoman’sjob

A.Adeliveryperson.B.Arestaurantowner.C.Asupermarketmanager.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Wemainlypreparetake-awayburgersandsandwiches,butwe’regettingrequeststomakelargerandmorediversemeals.

M:Great,I’llhelpexpandyourmenu.Iamgoodatit.Iusedtoworkatafancyrestaurant.

W:Thanks.Thenwecanbuysomefreshingredientsinthenearbysupermarket.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6.Whowasthelastpieceofcakefor

A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Grandma.

7.Howdoesthewomanfeel

A.Anxious.B.Annoyed.C.Ashamed.

【答案】6.C7.B

【原文】M:Thatcakewasdelicious.Howcomeyounevermadeonelikethatbefore

W:Youdidn’teatthelastpiece,didyou

M:Yes.DidIdosomethingwrong

W:Youcertainlydid.IwassavingthatpieceforGrandma.ItwasherfavouritetypeofcakeandImadeitespeciallyforher.

M:Ohno,I’msosorry.Ihadnoidea.

W:I’lljusthavetomakeanotheroneforher.Luckily,itisnothardtodo.

M:Ifeelterrible.Iwouldn’thavetoucheditifI’dknown.

W:It’salwaysbesttoaskbeforegoingaheadandeatingsomething.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8.Whyisthemanintrouble

A.Hisphoneisoutofbattery.

B.He’sneverbeentothecitybefore.

C.He’slateforanimportantmeeting.

9.Wherewillthemanprobablygofirst

A.Toahotel.B.Tothepostoffice.C.Tothecitylibrary.

10.Howmanystopsintotalwillthemantakeonthetrain

A.Three.B.Four.C.Eight.

【答案】8.A9.B10.C

【原文】W:Allright,Jim.Sinceyourphoneisdead,youwon’thaveaccesstoyourmaps.So,I’llgiveyoudirectionstohelpyougetbacktothehotel.

M:I’veonlybeenhereacoupleoftimes—Idon’tknowmywayaround!Plus,Istillneedtogotothepostofficenow.CanIpleaseborrowyourphone

W:Sorry,Jim.I’llneeditforwork.Butdon’tworry,thedirectionsaresimple.Walkoutofmybuildingandturnleft.Thepostofficeisthreestreetsdown—it’soppositethecitylibrary.

M:That’seasyenough.Where’sthemetrostation

W:You’llseeitonthecornerofthestreet.GetontheD-LinetrainandtakeitfourstopstoTimesSquareStation.

M:Andthen

W:ChangetolineEthereandgofourmorestopsfurther.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout

A.Whyshopsareathingofthepast.

B.Howshopssurviveinthemodernworld.

C.Whyshoppingonlineisbetterforpeople.

12.WherecanthespeakershearlivemusiconSaturday

A.Atthebank.B.Atthebookshop.C.Atschool.

13.Whereisthesportsstorelocated

A.Nexttotheschool.B.Oppositethegym.C.Acrossfromtheclothingstore.

【答案】11.B12.B13.A

【原文】M:Shopownershavetofindnewwaystoworkinthemodernworld.

W:Whatdoyoumean

M:Well,alotofpeopleareworkingfromhome,sotherearelesspeoplecomingintotheirstores.

W:Soshopsneedtocreateanonlinewebsiteandstore.

M:Exactly.Doyouknowwhatelsecanbedone

W:Ihavenoidea.

M:Well,somepeoplearechangingtheirstorestootherpurposes.

W:Whatdoyoumean

M:Likethebookshopnearthebank.Itnowhasacafeinside.Andatweekends,theyhavelivemusic.

W:Soithasanumberofdifferentpurposes.

M:Exactly.

W:Whathappensifashopcan’tservemorethanonepurposeLikeastorethatsellsclothes

M:Theyjustneedtothinkoutsidethebox.Thesportsstoreneartheschoolhasnowopenedagymonthesecondfloor.

W:That’ssmart,sopeoplebuysportswearandequipmentandthenuseit.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

14.Whendidthemanhavethedreamhedescribes

A.OnWednesday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnMonday.

15.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Co-workers.B.Classmates.C.Relatives.

16.Whatdoesthewomanhopetodoforaliving

A.Beanastronaut.B.Beateacher.C.Beascientist.

【答案】14.A15.B16.C

【原文】W:Haveyoueverhaddreamsthatyoucanremember

M:Yes.It’sfunnyyoushouldmentionthat.MostnightsIdreamaboutfootball.That’swhatIdreamedaboutthisMondayandTuesday—butonWednesdayitwassomethingcompletelydifferent.

W:Whatwasthat

M:IdreamedIwasanastronaut,landingonMars.

W:Thatmusthavebeenfun.

M:Itwas,butitwasalsoscary.Ihadtodependonallthetechnologycreatedbyscientistsandcomputerpeople.Ihadtotrustthem,becausemylifedependedonit.

W:Anddidyou

M:Yes,that’swhyIwasthereonMars—butitwassomethingIhadneverthoughtofbefore.Ihadtobesuretheyhaddonetheirjobsproperly.

W:Wehaveasciencelessonthismorning.Youcantelltheteacheraboutyourdream.

M:Maybe.NowIcan’tstopthinkingwhatanimportantjobscientistsdo.

W:That’swhatIwanttodoforaliving.Isupposeyouwanttobeanastronaut,doyou

M:IdidbeforeIhadthatdream.NowI’mnotsosure.Itwascertainlyexciting,anditfeltveryreal.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

17.Whathavescientistsfound

A.Peoplearekind.B.Goodnessisimportant.C.Kindnesscanbeinfected.

18.Howmanystudentshelpedwiththeresearch

A.104.B.114.C.140.

19.Whatwerethestudentsrequiredtodointheexperiment

A.Watchvideos.B.Doheroicacts.C.Actinacomedy.

20.HowdidDr.SarinaSaturndescribethebrainpatternsshesaw

A.Disappointing.B.Common.C.Unusual.

【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.C

【原文】W:Weallknowthatseeingsomeoneperformanactofkindnesscanwarmyourheart.Itisafeelingmostpeoplehave.Butnowscientistshaveprovedthatkindnessreallyisinfectious.

Hereiswhatwasdone.Scientistsfirstfound104collegestudents.Theywerethenaskedtowatchvideos.Thesevideosshowedeitherheroicactsofkindnessorhumoroussituations.Theirbrainactivityandheartratesweremeasuredduringtheexperiment.

Theresearchersgottheresults.Whenthestudentswereviewingtheheroicacts,activityinthenervoussystemreachedtothehighestlevel.Whentheywerewatchingtheamusingvideos,therewerenochangesintheirbrain.“Thisisareallyuncommonpattern,”saidDr.SarinaSaturn,apsychologistatOregonStateUniversity.Thismaybebecauseviewingagoodactionrequiresustowitnesssuffering,whichbringsastressresponseandmakesthesympatheticnervoussystembecomeactive.Then,onceweseethesufferingreducedthroughanactofkindness,ourheartfeelscalmedandtheparasympathetic(副交感的)nervoussystembecomesactive.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

(2023届浙江Z20名校联盟高三第三次联考英语试题)

InspiredbyhismentorLouisSullivan,aninfluentialfigureintheworldofmodernistarchitecture,FrankLloydWrightcoinedtheterm‘organicarchitecture’around1908.

Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworldorganicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.

CasaMilà

Location:Barcelona,Spain

Yearofcompletion:1910

Architect:AntoniGaudi

ConsideredthegreatestexponentofCatalanModernism,AntoniGaudiwasdevotedtonatureandtheCatholicreligion.Whileheoriginallyintendedthisorganicbuildingtohaveareligiouspurpose,itisnowanapartmentbuilding.Truetotheorganicstyle,itfeatureshoneyshapesthatseeminglyemergefromtheearth.

LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)

Location:Singapore

Yearofcompletion:2023

Architect:ThomasHeatherwick

Earningthenicknames‘dimsumbasketbuilding’and‘theHive’,theLearningHubconsistsof12eight-storeytowersarrangedaroundapublicatrium.Theorganicnatureofthebuildingextendstoitsinteriorwithfeatureslikegardensthatareintendedtoencouragesocialinteractionsandstudyamongstudents.

FallingWater

Location:MillRun,Pennsylvania

Yearofcompletion:1939

Architect:FrankLloydWright

Aclassicofmodernismandorganicarchitecture,FallingWatersitsontopofawaterfall.FrankLloydWrightdesigneditfortheKaufmannfamilywho-thoughtheyhadoriginallyhopedforaviewofthewaterfall-cametolovethehome.

EastBeachCafé

Location:Littlehampton,UK

Yearofcompletion:2023

Architect:ThomasHeatherwick

Locatedinaseasideareawithanindustrialhistory,EastBeachCaferesembles(像)apieceofdriftwood.Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.ItwasthefirstbuildingforThomasHeatherwickwhopreviouslywasbetterknownasasculptor.

21.Whichbuildinghasthelongesthistory

A.CasaMilà.B.LearningHubatNTU.C.FallingWater.D.EastBeachCafe.

22.WhatcanwelearnaboutEastBeachCafé

A.Itremainsfloatingonthesea.B.Itservestoencouragesocialinteractions.

C.Itwasnotacceptedbyallthelocalsinitially.D.Itwasoriginallyintendedforaparticularfamily.

23.Whichofthefollowingmagazinesisthetextprobablytakenfrom

A.NaturalWorldB.ArchitecturalDigest

C.OrganicGardeningD.ExtraordinaryFigures

【答案】21.A22.C23.B

【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。

21细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，CasaMilà完成于1910年；LearningHubatNanyangTechnologicalUniversity(NTU)完成于2023年；FallingWater完成于1939年；EastBeachCafé完成于2023年。故CasaMilà的历史最悠久。故选A。

22细节理解题。根据EastBeachCafé部分中“Fortymeterslong,sevenmeterswideandfivemetershigh,itinitiallypolarisedlocals,buthassincebeenwell-receivedbythewholecommunity.(它长40米，宽7米，高5米，最初引起了当地人的两极分化，但后来得到了整个社区的好评)”可知，起初并不是所有的当地人都接受EastBeachCafé。故选C。

23推理判断题。根据第二段“Ratherthanimitatingnatureororganicelementswithinthenaturalworld,organicarchitectureismoreconcernedwithre-interpretationofnatureandharmonybetweentheorganicandthebuiltenvironment.Itensuresthattheindividualelementswithinbuildingsareputtogethertoreflecttheorderwithinnature.Hereare4ofthemoststrikingexamples.(有机建筑不是模仿自然或自然界中的有机元素，而是更关注对自然的重新诠释，以及有机环境与建筑环境之间的和谐。它确保了建筑内部的单个元素被组合在一起，以反映自然的秩序。以下是四个最引人注目的例子)”结合文章主要介绍了四座建筑的情况。可推知，“建筑文摘”可能是本文的来源。故选B。

B

(2023届浙江省金华十校高三上学期11月模拟考试)

WhenIwasinnursingschool,Ihadtofocusmoreonmystudiesthanotheraspectsoflife,andlearnsomuchinashortamountoftime.However,theclinicalexperienceofnursingschoolallowedmetohavetheopportunitytoputwhatIlearnedinmyclassesandreadingsintoaction.

OneofmyfavoriteexperiencesduringmyclinicaltrainingwaswhenIhadapatientwhowasfirststartingchemotherapy(化疗).MynursinginstructorMarietoldmethatpatientsoftenexperienceananaphylactic(过敏性的)reactiontothemedicinewhentheyfirststartchemotherapy,soitisimportanttogivethemedicineataslowerrate.Mariesaidthatifwehadapatientwhoreactedtothemedicine,weshouldstoprunningthechemotherapy,checkthepatient’sbloodpressure,andthengivetheappropriatemedicinefromtheemergencykit.

WhenIcheckedmypatientacoupleofminutesafterstartinghischemotherapy,Iaskedhimquestionsrelatedtoananaphylacticreaction.Ialsonoticedhisfacewasgettingalittleredandhelookedshortofbreath.Hementionedhavinglowerbackpain,soIimmediatelystoppedthechemotherapy,startedtakinghisbloodpressure,andreportedittoMarie.Hisbloodpressurewaswithinhisnormallimits,sowegavehimBenadrylviahisIV.TheBenadrylhelpedthepatient,andwehadtheBenadrylrunningwhenwestartedhischemotherapyagain,butataslowerrate.Thistimethepatientdidnothaveananaphylacticreaction,andtoleratedhischemotherapywell.

Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.MarieandItaughtourpatientaboutthereactionshecouldhaveduetothechemotherapy;duetoourteaching,ourpatientrecognizedhissymptomsandwasabletoknowthatwhathewasexperiencingwasanexpectedreaction.Duringtheclinicaltraining,IhadmanyexperienceswhereIhadtothinkonmyfeetandconductnursingcarequickly.Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.

24.Whydidtheauthorstopgivingthepatientchemotherapy

A.Hehadhighbloodpressure.B.Hehadareactiontothemedicine.

C.Hefailedtotoleratethebackpain.D.Herefusedtoanswerherquestions.

25.Accordingtotheauthor,whatplayedakeyroleinsavingthepatient

A.Givingthepatientimmediatefirstaid.B.Makingadequatepreparationsinadvance.

C.Assessingtheeffectivenessofthemedicine.D.Tellingthepatientthepossiblereactionsofthemedicine.

26.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor’sclinicalexperience

A.Rewarding.B.Dangerous.

C.Interesting.D.Painful.

27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext

A.Toexpressgratitudetoherinstructor.

B.Toencourageotherstotakeupnursing.

C.Toshareherclinicaltrainingexperience.

D.Tostresstheimportanceofmedicaltreatment.

【答案】24.B25.D26.A27.C

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要分享了她的临床培训经验以及收获。

24细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Mariesaidthatifwehadapatientwhoreactedtothemedicine,weshouldstoprunningthechemotherapy,checkthepatient’sbloodpressure,andthengivetheappropriatemedicinefromtheemergencykit.(玛丽说，如果有病人对药物有反应，我们应该停止化疗，检查病人的血压，然后从急救箱里拿出适当的药物)”可知，因为病人有病人对药物有反应，所以停止化疗。故选B。

25推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.(这段经历让我明白，评估你的病人，事先告诉你的病人药物可能引起的反应是多么重要)”可知，告诉病人药物可能产生的反应对救病人起了关键作用。故选D。

26推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，的临床经验是值得的，有意义的。故选A。

27推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.((这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”以及“Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，写本篇文章的目的是分享她的临床培训经验。故选C。

C

(2023届浙江省宁波市高三上学期高考与选考模拟考试)

If,likeme,you’rethekindofpersonwhofindsithardtomakedecisions,thenMalcolmGladwell’sBlinkmightjustbethebookyouhavebeenwaitingfor.BecauseBlinkisallaboutrapidcognition—thatis,thosemomentswhenwemakesnapjudgements,forexample,whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttimeorlookingatsomethingwe’rethinkingofbuying.

Heanalysesexactlywhatgoesoninourheadswhenwemakesplit-seconddecisionsandcomparesthistothethoughtprocessesinvolvedwhenwetakelongertocometoadecision.Interestinglyheclaimsthat,“Therearelotsofsituations—particularlyattimesofhighpressureandstress—whenfortunatelyhastedoesnotmakewaste.”

WhatmakesBlinkareallyinterestingreadisthenumberofstoriesthatGladwellincludestosupporthistheories.OnesuchstoryinvolvesdoctorsintheEmergencyRoomatCookCountyHospitalinChicago.Aftertoldtochangethewayofdiagnoses,insteadofaskingforinformationsuchasthepatient’sageandweightandmedicalhistory,theyweregoingtofocusonlyonthepatient’sbloodpressure.AndnowCookCountyisoneofthebestplacesintheUSatdiagnosingchestpain.

Ofcourse,thereareoccasionswhenweleaptothewrongconclusion.Inhisresearch,GladwelldiscoveredthatalmostalltheCEOsofthetopcompaniesintheUSaretall.Thereisnoactualrelationshipbetweenheightandintelligence,butforsomereason,corporationsoverwhelminglychoosetallpeopleforleadershiproles.Thereissomethinggoingoninthefirstfewsecondsofmeetingatallpersonwhichmakesusthinkofthatpersonasaneffectiveleader,whichunfortunatelystopsusfrommakinganinformeddecision.

Allinall,Blinkisafascinatingstudyonanactivitythatwealldoseveraltimesaday.Readitandmakebetterdecisions.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“snap”inthefirstparagraphmean

A.Instant.B.Decisive.C.HesitantD.Important.

29.HowweredoctorsatCookCountyHospitalabletomakebetterdiagnoses

A.Byobtainingthepatients’medicalhistory.

B.Bybasingdiagnosesonpatients’bloodpressure.

C.Byabandoningregularwaysofdiagnosingpatients.

D.Byinquiringaboutcurrenthealthconditionofthepatients.

30.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestbymentioningleadershiprolesoftallpeople

A.Tallpeopletendtobecapableleaders.

B.Aperson’sheightandintelligencearecloselyrelated.

C.CEOsoftopcompaniesusuallydrawrightconclusions.

D.Thefirstimpressionofapersoncanresultinbadjudgement.

31.Whatisthepurposeofthetext

A.Tohonorawriter.B.Torecommendabook.

C.Tointroducearesearch.D.Toexplainaphenomenon.

【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.B

【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《眨眼》一书，可以帮助人快速做出决定。

28词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“BecauseBlinkisallaboutrapidcognition”（因为Blink是关于快速认知的）以及后文“forexample,whenmeetingsomeoneforthefirsttimeorlookingatsomethingwe’rethinkingofbuying”（例如，当我们第一次见到某人或者看到我们想买的东西的时候。）可知，举例是为了对前文做解释，因而划线词所在句指也就是说，当我们做出立即判断的时候，故画线词意思是“立即”。故选A。

29细节理解题。根据第三段“OnesuchstoryinvolvesdoctorsintheEmergencyRoomatCookCountyHospitalinChicago.Aftertoldtochangethewayofdiagnoses,insteadofaskingforinformationsuchasthepatient’sageandweightandmedicalhistory,theyweregoingtofocusonlyonthepatient’sbloodpressure.AndnowCookCountyisoneofthebestplacesintheUSatdiagnosingchestpain.(其中一个故事涉及芝加哥库克县医院急诊室的医生。在被告知改变诊断方式后，他们不再询问患者的年龄、体重和病史等信息，而是只关注患者的血压。现在库克县是米国诊断胸痛最好的地方之一)”可知，库克县医院的医生根据病人的血压进行诊断，从而做出更好的诊断。故选B。

30推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ofcourse,thereareoccasionswhenweleaptothewrongconclusion.Inhisresearch,GladwelldiscoveredthatalmostalltheCEOsofthetopcompaniesintheUSaretall.Thereisnoactualrelationshipbetweenheightandintelligence,butforsomereason,corporationsoverwhelminglychoosetallpeopleforleadershiproles.Thereissomethinggoingoninthefirstfewsecondsofmeetingatallpersonwhichmakesusthinkofthatpersonasaneffectiveleader,whichunfortunatelystopsusfrommakinganinformeddecision.(当然，有时我们会草率地得出错误的结论。在他的研究中，格拉德威尔发现，几乎所有米国顶级公司的CEO都是高个子。身高和智力之间并没有实际的关系，但出于某种原因，公司绝大多数都选择高个子的人担任领导职务。在见到一个高个子的人的最初几秒钟，会发生一些事情，让我们认为这个人是一个有效的领导者，不幸的是，这阻止了我们做出明智的决定)”可知，提到高个子的领导作用是为了说明对一个人的第一印象会导致错误的判断。故选D。

31推理判断题。根据第一段“If,likeme,you’rethekindofpersonwhofindsithardtomakedecisions,thenMalcolmGladwell’sBlinkmightjustbethebookyouhavebeenwaitingfor.(如果像我一样，你是那种很难做决定的人，那么马尔科姆·格拉德威尔的《眨眼》可能就是你一直在等待的书)”以及最后一段“Allinall,Blinkisafascinatingstudyonanactivitythatwealldoseveraltimesaday.Readitandmakebetterdecisions.(总之，《眨眼》是一项关于我们每天都要做几次的活动的迷人研究。阅读它，做出更好的决定)”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐一本书。故选B。

D

(2023届浙江省绍兴市高三11月高考科目诊断性考试)

Livinginacityisawell-knownriskfactorfordevelopingamentaldisorder,whilelivingclosetonatureislargelybeneficialformentalhealthandthebrain.Acentralbrainregion,theamygdala(大脑杏仁核)involvedinstressprocessing,hasbeenshowntobelessactivatedduringstressinpeoplelivinginruralareas,comparedtothosewholiveincities,hintingatthepotentialbenefitsofnature.“Butsofarthehen-and-eggproblemcouldnotberesolved,namelywhethernatureactuallycausedtheeffectsinthebrainorwhethertheparticularindividualschosetoliveinruralorurbanregions,”saysSonjaSudimac.

Toachievecausalevidence,theresearchersfromthegroupexaminedbrainactivityinregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingin63healthyvolunteersbeforeandafteraone-hourwalkinGrunewaldforestorashoppingstreetwithtrafficinBerlin.Theresultsrevealedthatactivityintheamygdaladecreasedafterthewalkinnature,suggestingthatnatureelicitsbeneficialeffectsonbrainregionsrelatedtostress.

“Theresultssupportthepreviouslyassumedpositiverelationshipbetweennatureandbrainhealth,butthisisthefirststudytoprovethecausallink.Interestingly,thebrainactivityaftertheurbanwalkintheseregionsremainedstableandshowednoincreases,whicharguesagainstacommonlyheldviewthaturbanexposurecausesadditionalstress,”explainsSimoneKühn,headofthegroup.

Theauthorsshowthatnaturehasapositiveimpactonbrainregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingandthatitcanalreadybeobservedafteraone-hourwalk.Thiscontributestotheunderstandingofhowourphysicallivingenvironmentaffectsbrainandmentalhealth.Evenashortexposuretonaturedecreasesamygdalaactivity,suggestingthatawalkinnaturecouldserveasapreventivemeasureagainstdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsandreducingthepotentiallydisadvantageousimpactofthecityonthebrain.

Inordertoinvestigatebeneficialeffectsofnatureindifferentpopulationsandagegroups,theresearchersarecurrentlyworkingonastudyexamininghowaone-hourwalkinnaturalversusurbanenvironmentsimpactsstressinmothersandtheirbabies.

32.Whatdoesthehen-and-eggproblemmeanbySonjaSudimac

A.Livinginruralareasactuallyaffectsbrainactivity.

B.Peopleincitiestendtohaveahigherriskofmentalproblems.

C.It’sunnecessarytoworkoutthecomplexissueofstressandhealth.

D.It’shardtoclarifytheimpactoflivingenvironmentonmentalhealth.

33.Howdidresearcherscollectevidenceforthestudy

A.Byquotingauthoritativeexperts.B.Byinterviewinghealthyvolunteers.

C.Byresearchingonaprevioustheory.D.Bycomparingvolunteers’amygdalaactivities.

34.WhatcontributiondidSimoneKühnandhisteammainlymake

A.Confirmingtheassumptionofnature’sbenefitstobrainhealth.

B.Supportingacommonlyheldviewofurbanexposure.

C.Revealingthelinkbetweenageandmentalhealth.

D.Identifyingthecausesofmentalhealthproblems.

35.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout

A.Benefitsofaregularwalkinnature.B.Thefocusofthefollow-upresearch.

C.Anappealforlivinginurbanregions.D.Nature’spositiveeffectsonwomenandchildren.

【答案】32.D33.D34.A35.B

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然对人大脑产生的影响。

32细节理解题。根据第一段的“Butsofarthehen-and-eggproblemcouldnotberesolved,namelywhethernatureactuallycausedtheeffectsinthebrainorwhethertheparticularindividualschosetoliveinruralorurbanregions(但是到目前为止，母鸡和蛋的问题还没有得到解决，也就是说，到底是大自然对大脑产生了影响，还是特定的个体选择生活在农村还是城市地区)”可知，SonjaSudimac的“母鸡和鸡蛋的问题”意味着生活环境对精神健康的影响很难说清楚。故选D。

33推理判断题。根据第二段的“Toachievecausalevidence,theresearchersfromthegroupexaminedbrainactivityinregionsinvolvedinstressprocessingin63healthyvolunteersbeforeandafteraone-hourwalkinGrunewaldforestorashoppingstreetwithtrafficinBerlin.(为了获得因果证据，该小组的研究人员对63名健康志愿者在格鲁内瓦尔德森林或柏林交通繁忙的购物街散步一小时前后的大脑活动进行了检查)”可知，研究人员通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证据。故选D。

34细节理解题。根据第三段的“Theresultssupportthepreviouslyassumedpositiverelationshipbetweennatureandbrainhealth,butthisisthefirststudytoprovethecausallink.(研究结果支持了之前假设的自然和大脑健康之间的正相关关系，但这是首次证明因果关系的研究)”可知，SimoneKühn和他的团队的主要贡献是证实了自然对大脑健康有益的假设。故选A。

35主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Inordertoinvestigatebeneficialeffectsofnatureindifferentpopulationsandagegroups,theresearchersarecurrentlyworkingonastudyexamininghowaone-hourwalkinnaturalversusurbanenvironmentsimpactsstressinmothersandtheirbabies.(为了调查自然对不同人群和年龄组的有益影响，研究人员目前正在进行一项研究，研究在自然环境和城市环境中散步一小时对母亲和婴儿的压力有何影响)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选B。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

(2023届浙江省台州市高三上学期第一次教学质量评估试题)

You’llmakenewfriendsineachstageofyourlife.Someofthemwillcomeandgo,whileotherswilllastfortherestofyourlife.____36____

Therearemanybenefitsofhavingstrongfriendships.Accordingtoexperts,manypeopleregretnotkeepingfriendshipsgoingandenduplivingalifewithnoclosefriendsorevenenduringmentalandphysicalsufferings.____37____Peoplewhohavehealthyfriendshipstendtoenjoylifemoreandmayevenlivelonger.

____38____Therearealotofwaystomakenewfriendsthatcanstaywithyoufortherestofyourlife.Lookforpeoplewhosharethingswithyou.Ifyouhavekids,joinamom’sgroup,orsignyourchildupforclasseswhereyou’llnaturallymeetotherparents.____39____Youshareyourcareerandwillhavealottotalkaboutwhilealsohavingbuilt-inopportunitiestospendtimewitheachother.

Sometimesit’sagoodideatoletafriendshipgo,evenifyou’vebeenfriendsforalongtime.Ifonepartyisn’tmakinganefforttokeepthingsgoing,itcanleadtofeelingsofhurtandbetrayal,anditmightbetimetoletthingscooloffandpursueotherfriendships.____40____Besides,itcanencourageyoutofocusonthepartnershipsthatarehealthyandwherebothofyouarecommittedtokeepingitgoingfor