2023年研究生类硕士研究生学位课程-英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解

2023年研究生类硕士研究生学位课程-英语历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共50题)1.Inthebeginning,fewpeoplewere______BarackObamatomakeasignificantimpactintherace.A.countingonB.turningoutC.proceedingtoD.conformingto2.Accordingtothisreport,thisisthe36thconsecutiveyearthepopulationofJapanhasdropped.A.interactiveB.depressiveC.massiveD.successive3.Itrequiresuncompromisingeffortstodeveloptheseresidencesintotruehomesforourunderprivilegedcitizens.A.unproductiveB.unyieldingC.uninvitingD.unintentional4.Someancientpeoplewereabletotellthetimebytheshadow______bythesunontheslate.A.thrownB.flungC.castD.tossed5.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositionofnolessthan150wordsunderthetitleof"AGifttoMyParents."Yourwritingshouldcoverthefollowingitems:

1.Whatgiftdoyouthinkismostappropriatetoyourparents?

2.Whydoyouchoosesuchagift?

3.Whendoyouthinkisthemostappropriatetimetogiveit?6.ApermanentjobplusadecentsalaryiswhatmostoftheseyoungguysinChinahopefor.A.nobleB.adequateC.modestD.polite7.Itmightbepossibletohelppreventdepressionby______people'sgoodfeelings.A.diminishingB.manipulatingC.boostingD.anticipating8.Ifyoudon'tknowhowto______yourachievements,yourpartingfromthisworldisgoingtobeanightmare.A.takeholdofB.getridofC.letgoofD.makefunof9.Thelittlegirlfeltincreasinglyuneasywhilewaitingforhermotheratthebus-stop.A.difficultB.excitedC.relievedD.restless10.Graceurgedstudentstostandbytheirbeliefsandprinciples,and______themselves.A.believeinB.persistinC.consistinD.specializein11.Thereisnoquestionthatoursisajustcauseandthatgoodwill______.A.vanishB.wanderC.witherD.prevail12.Thereiscompellingevidencethatmotorvehiclescontributetosmog.A.convincingB.constitutionalC.contradictoryD.compulsory13.Doyouknowwhatitisliketocomeuponanoldfriendonthestreetinaforeigncity?A.undergoB.encounterC.conserveD.recollect14.Ifyoutaketherightapproach______anissue,youwon'tgo______thewrongdirection.A.to...inB.of...towardsC.oD.about...to15.Asthevotewillbe______infavoroftheDemocraticParty,HillaryClintonisgettingneartothepresidency.A.deliberatelyB.overwhelminglyC.conscientiouslyD.crudely16.Onsocialmediawebsites,youcaneasilyfinddifferentresponsestothese______topics.A.trendingB.syntheticC.anonymousD.residential17.SectionA

Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ.

AnimportantcluetotheunderstandingofAustraliaistheecosystem.Anecosystemisacollectionofdifferentlivingandnon-livingthingswhicharefoundtogetherandwhichdependoneachother.Thesun'senergyisnecessarytomaketheecosystemwork,and,aswell,theelementscarbon,hydrogen,oxygen,nitrogen,andtwelveotherelementsinsmalleramounts,areneededtobecontinuallycycledintheecosystem.18.Studieshaveprovedthatsmartpeopletendtobesmartacrossdifferentkindsofrealms.A.realitiesB.fieldsC.occupationsD.courses19.Directions:PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese.WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ.

Astheworldisintransition,sotheEnglishlanguageisitselftakingnewforms.This,ofcourse,hasalwaysbeentrue:Englishhaschangedsubstantiallyinthe1,500yearsorsoofitsuse,reflectingpatternsofcontactwithotherlanguagesandthechangingcommunicationneedsofpeople.Butinmanypartsoftheworld,asEnglishistakenintothefabricofsociallife,itacquiresamomentumandvitalityofitsown,developinginwayswhichreflectlocalcultureandlanguages,whiledivergingincreasinglyfromthekindofEnglishspokeninBritainorNorthAmerica.20.Scientistsarestillmeasuringtheimpactofautomationonthelivesoffactoryworkers.A.benefitB.tollC.agonyD.effect21.In1982,HitachiwasindictedforstealingconfidentialdocumentsfromIBM.Aspartofacourtsettlement,thecompanypaidIBMhundredsofmillionsofdollars.A.condemnedforB.accusedofC.disciplinedforD.disapprovedof22.Thesewomenhopedthatthecease-firewouldcontinueandthattheviolencewouldendonceandforall.A.quicklyB.conclusivelyC.universallyD.temporarily23.Amajorinitiativetoinjectwhat'sknownassocialandemotionallearning(SEL)intoNewYorkCityschoolsisunderway.SEL,whencombinedwithtraditionalacademiceducation,canhelpstudentstobuildandmaintainpositiverelationshipswithpeers,friends,andfamily,tolearnhowtoresolveconflictconstructivelyandtounderstandhowtheiremotionsaffecttheiractions.Americansoverwhelminglywantschoolstoteachchildrensomenon-academicskills,includinghowtobecooperative,respectfulofothersandpersistentproblem-solvers.Schoolsaretoplacemoreimportanceonthattypeoflearningthanonhowstudentsperformonstandardizedtests.Sucheffortshavesignificantlyimprovedstudentbehavior,academicachievementandschoolsafety.24.Everylanguageintheworldhasevolvedslowlyandconstantlyfromanolderformintoanewerone.A.developedB.exhaustedC.strivenD.restored25.Topic:Agreatnumberofpeoplethinkthatthosewithuniversityeducationshouldgethigherpaythanthosewithout,fortheybelievethattheformerhavesweatedandsacrificedmore.Towhatextentdoyouagreewiththispointofview?26.Thissoftwarenotonlybringsefficiencywithrespecttomemoryutilization,butincreasestheprocessingspeed.A.inregardtoB.asaresultofC.inthewakeofD.onaccountof27.Thechildis______alltheevidenceforhisopinion.A.notencourageeithertobecriticalforhisopinion.B.encouragedeithertobecriticalnortoexamineC.eitherencouragedtobecriticalortoexamineD.neitherencouragedtobecriticalnortoexamine28.Whenaheavyvehicleis______inthemud,thedriverhastoaskforhelp.A.involvedB.stuckC.interferedD.specialized29.Thereportproposesthatstudentsbeallowedtoworkofftheirdebtthroughcommunityservice.A.payoffB.getoffC.disposeofD.runoff30.Theshipwillhaveto______fromtheshoreuntilthisstormpasses.A.holdinB.holdupC.holdoffD.holdonto31.Janeissotiedupwithherbusinessthattakingtimeoffis______outofthequestion.A.virtuallyB.estheticallyC.ethicallyD.morally32.Inthisbook,theauthor'svisionisnotonlycreative,butacompellingpredictionofwheretheworldisheaded.A.deterioratingB.dominatingC.expandingD.proceeding33.Itisgenerallyrecognizedthatdifferentformsofmusiccanconveydifferentkindsofsentiment.A.audienceB.instrumentC.requirementD.emotion34.Thepolicewentoutoftheirwaytoinvestigatetheexplosioncase,buttherewerenoindicationsthatstandardsecurityarrangementswere______.A.athandB.infaultC.inquestionD.ineffect35.Mostofthethird-yearstudentsinourlaboratoryareoccupiedwithexperiments.A.areboredwithB.arecrazyaboutC.arebusywithD.arecasualabout36.Ididn'tknowitthen,butthisdisruptivewayofreadingstartedwiththeveryfirstnovelIeverpickedup.A.harmfulB.persistentC.interruptiveD.characteristic37.Doyourchildrenworrythattheymightfeelpressureto______yourhero'simage?A.comeupwithB.liveuptoC.catchuponD.addupto38.Itwasdreadfultofindoneself______insuchaplace.A.lonelyB.aloneC.loneD.lonesome39.Directions：PutthefollowingparagraphintoChinese．WriteyourChineseversionintheproperspaceonAnswerSheetⅡ．

Morethan1billionpeoplemustsurviveonlessthan$1aday．Strikinginequalitypersistswithinandamongcountries．DiseasessuchasAIDSandmalariathreatentoundoYearsofprogress．Worseningthepovertygapisthe“digitaldivide”betweenthetechnology-richandthetechnology-poor．Atatimewheninformationandknowledgehavebecomethemainsourceofwealthandpower，halfthedevelopingworld'speoplehavenevermadeorreceivedatelephonecall，muchlessusedacomputer．Bringingthesepeopleintothemainstreamisoneofourbiggestprojects．40.Ifthepatientcannotrecoverwithin24hours,deathwould______.A.ensureB.sueC.relapseD.ensue41.Corruptionisabreachofapublicofficial'scommitmenttoupholdtheConstitution.A.objectionB.obligationC.designationD.termination42.Alltheteachersyouhavehadinyourlifetime______severalcategories.A.fallbehindB.falloutC.fallthroughD.fallinto43.Itisextremelydifficultorevenimpossibletoworkouttheriskofoccasionalpassivesmoking.A.calculateB.exerciseC.eliminateD.convert44.Ithasbeenprovedthatgoodweathercanboostone's______.A.feelingB.emotionC.senseD.mood45.Diligence,persistenceandinspirationareindispensableforasuccessfulcareernowadays.A.essentialB.deadlyC.incredibleD.specific46.I'11trytofulfillmypromisetomyparentsthatIcantakecareofmyselfatcollege.A.fallbackonB.liveuptoC.goinforD.breakdowninto47.Wecanlearnaboutthehazardsofhuntingbiggameinstoriesabouttheirancestors.A.adventuresB.pleasuresC.dangersD.consequences48.Thereissomeexcitementonthehorizon,butIcan'ttellyouaboutit.A.inthedistanceB.soontohappenC.withoutaquestionD.atfirstsight49.Andersonheldouthisarmsto______theattack,butthesharkgrabbedhisrightforearmanddived.A.turnoffB.wardoffC.triggeroffD.calloff50.Jeffrealizedthathewouldhavenopersonallifewithouthisdaughter;everythinghedid______roundher.A.involvedB.evolvedC.revolvedD.resolved第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：Acounton：依靠，指望得到……的帮助；turnout：生产，后来证明；proceedto：接着，下一步做；conformto：与……一致。2.参考答案：D[解析]该句意为：根据这个报告，这是日本人口连续36年下降。

consecutive：连续的，如forfiveconsecutiveyears(连续五年)；interactive：互动的；depressive：压抑的，令人抑郁的；massive：巨大的；successive：连续的。3.参考答案：B[解析]uncompromising：坚定的，不屈服的，坚强的；unproductive：生产效率低的，不多产的；unyielding：不屈的；uninviting：不诱人的，没有吸引力的；unintentional：不是故意的4.参考答案：C[解析]四个选项中，A项throwv.“投，掷”；B项flingv.“投，掷”；C项castn.“投影”；D项tossv.“投，掷”。译文：一些古人可以根据投在木板上的太阳投影辨别时间。5.参考答案：AstheLunarNewYearisdrawingnear,Ifeelhomesickagain.Ican'twaittoseemyparentswhoarestilllivinginasmallvillageinShandongProvince.I'vedecidedtobuythemacellphoneasaNewYeargiftwiththemoneyImadefrommypart-timejobs.

I'mgoingtobuyacellphoneforthemforthesimplereasonthatIhopetostayincontactwiththem.Ithoughtaboutopeningthetelephoneserviceforthem,buttheyobjectedtomyideawiththebeliefthatitwastooexpensivetomakelong-distancephonecalls.Then,itoccurredtomethatacellphonewouldbemorepreferable.Withthecellphone,Icancallthemanytime.IalwaysfeelhappywhenIheartheirvoiceandIbelievethattheyarehappiertohearmine.Besides,Icansendthemtextmessageswhennecessary.

ThebesttimetogivethisgifttomyparentsistheEveoftheLunarNewYear,whenthewholefamilywillgettogethertoenjoythehappiesttimeoftheyear.Iwanttogivethemapleasantsurprise,soIhavenevermentionedthegifttothem.I'msuretheywillfeelproudtohaveadaughterlikeme.6.参考答案：B[解析]decent：体面的，正派的，像样的，丰厚的；noble：高尚的，贵族的；adequate：合适的，足够的，可接受的；modest：谦虚的，不丰厚的；polite：有礼貌的7.参考答案：C[解析]该句意为：有可能通过改善人的心情来预防抑郁。

diminish：逐渐减少，逐渐消失；manipulate：操纵，操作，控制，使用；boost：促进，改善；anticipate：预料，预计。8.参考答案：C9.参考答案：Duneasy：不安的，着急的；difficult：难的；excited：兴奋的；relieved：宽慰的，解脱的；restless：不安的10.参考答案：A[解析]believein：信仰(次要意义)，对……充满信心，相信……的存在或价值(主要意义)；persistin：不放弃，坚持做……；consistin：在于；specializein：专业是，专门做11.参考答案：Dvanish：消失，失踪；wander：闲荡，漂流，无目的慢走；wither：枯萎；prevail：占上风，获得优势，流行12.参考答案：A[解析]该句意为：有充分的证据表明机动车加剧雾霾。

compelling：确凿的，有说服力的；convincing：令人信服的；constitutional：符合宪法的，宪法的；contradictory：矛盾的；compulsory：必修的，义务的。13.参考答案：B[解析]该句意为：你知道在异国他乡的城市里遇到老朋友感受如何吗?

comeupon：偶然遇到(相当于comeacross或meetsb.bychance)；undergo：经历(相当于experience)；encounter：遇到，遭遇；conserve：保守，保护，节约使用；recollect：回忆。14.参考答案：A[解析]该句意为：如果你解决问题的方式是正确的，你就不会犯方向错误。

本题考查介词用法。approach表示“处理方式”时接介词to，而direction(方向)前用介词in，而不是to或towards。15.参考答案：B[解析]该句意为：大多数选票支持民主党，所以希拉里正在接近总统宝座。

deliberately：故意地；overwhelmingly：压倒性地，不可抵抗地；conscientiously：认真地，自觉地；crudely：不文雅地，粗鲁地。16.参考答案：A[解析]该句意为：在社交媒体网站，你能轻易地发现人们对这些热门话题的不同反应。

trending：流行的，热议的；synthetic：合成的；anonymous：匿名的；residential：居住的。17.参考答案：了解澳大利亚的关键在于它的生态系统。生态系统，就是各种不同的有生命的和无生命的物体汇集在一起并相互依存的集合。太阳能是使这种生态系统运作必需的，碳、氢、氧、氮等元素和少量其他12种元素也需要在这个生态系统中继续循环。18.参考答案：Brealm：领域；reality：现实；field：田野，领域，实地；occupation：职业，占领；course：课程，路线，一道菜19.参考答案：由于世界正处于转型时期，因此英语本身也出现了新形式。在人们使用英语的1500年左右的时间里，英语经历了实质性变化，反映出英语和其他语言之间联系形式的变化，以及人们不断变化的交际需求，这些当然都是勿庸置疑的。然而，目前在世界许多地区，随着英语融入社会生活，成为社会结构的一部分，这一语言拥有了自己的发展动力和生命力，其发展体现了当地文化和语言的影响，而与英国人、北美人所说的英语相差越来越大。20.参考答案：Dimpact：影响；benefit：益处，好处，有益于；toll：收费，破坏，死亡；agony：痛苦；effect：效果，影响。21.参考答案：Bindictedfor“被起诉”。A项condemnedfor“被责难”；B项accusedof“被控告”；C项disciplinedfor“被训练”；D项disapprovedof“不赞成”。根据题意，应选B。22.参考答案：B[解析]onceandforall(oncefora11)：一劳永逸地，彻底地，永远；quickly：迅速地，马上；conclusively：结论性地，确定地，毋庸置疑地；universally：普遍，在任何地方；temporarily：暂时23.参考答案：纽约市中学正在开展一项重大活动——引入被称为社交和情感学习的项目。与传统的课程教育相结合，社交和情感学习有助于学生与同龄人、朋友和家人建立并保持良好的关系，学习如何以建设性的方式解决冲突并了解自己的情感如何影响行为。美国人强烈希望学校给学生讲授一些非学习方面的技能，包括如何与他人合作、如何尊重他人、如何做到遇到难题时不气馁。学校应该更重视此类学习项目，而不是学生在标准化考试中发挥如何。这样的努力在很大程度上改善了学生行为、学习成绩和学校安全。[解析]英译汉难点说明：

1．名词initiative根据上下文有不同的翻译，如“倡议”、“行动”或“方案”。

2．underway表示“进行之中”。

3．形容词overwhelming不好翻译，theoverwhelmingmajority翻译为“压倒性多数”，anoverwhelmingmovie是“有震撼力的电影”，而anoverwhelmingfear可翻译为“把人吓傻了”。...overwhelminglywantschoolstoteach...表示“愿望特别强烈”。

4．...persistentproblem-solvers直译为“坚持不懈地解决问题的人”，其含义是“遇到难题时不泄气”。

5．...significantlyimprove...中significantly应该译为“在很大程度上”。24.参考答案：A[解析]划线词evolved“使发展，使进展”。A项developed“发展”；B项exhausted“耗尽”；C项striven“努力，奋斗”；D项restored“恢复，归还”。A项与划线词语意对应。25.参考答案：Manypeoplebelievethatthosewhoreceivedhighereducationshouldearn,farmorethanthosewhohavenot，becausetheformerhaveexertedmoreeffortsthanthelatter．PersonallyIdonotagreewiththisopinion，forthefollowingreasons：

Inthefirstplace，one'sindividualincomedoesnotwhollyreflecttheextenttowhichone'sself-valueandsocialvaluearerealized．Apersonwhohasreceivedhighereducationmayoffermoresocialvaluethanonewhohasnot．Economistsandmerchantsmayserveasintheeconomicsphere．Nevertheless，theformermightcreatemoreeconomicreturnsforsociety，whilethelattermightbringhimselfmoreeconomicprofits．Althoughtheeconomistmaynotbeaswealthyasthemerchant，hisworkismoremeaningfultothesocietyhelivesin．

Inthesecondplace，somepeoplewhohasadmirablecapabilitieshavenothadtheopportunitytoreceivehighereducation．Then，afteryearsofexertionsandhardstruggle，theysecureaproperplaceforthemselvesinsocietyandrealizetheirownself-value．Suchpeoplehavereceivednocollegeeducation,however,theydeservedhaveearned.

Allinall,itisridiculoustorackone'sbrainsaboutwho,amanwithahighereducationoranotheronewithoutit,shouldearnmoremoneythantheother.One'searningscannotbesolelydeterminedbyhisorhereducationalbackground.Weshouldobservewhatkindofeffortapersonhasmadeanddecidehowwearetodefine"personalincome"beforefinallyjudgingwhoshouldearnmore.26.参考答案：A[解析]该句意为：这个软件不仅提高了信息储存效率，而且提升了文件处理速度。withrespectto：与……相关；inregardto：与……相关；asaresultof：由于；inthewakeof：紧随……之后，尾随……；onaccountof：由于。27.参考答案：Dneither…nor…“既不……也不……”。故应选D。28.参考答案：B29.参考答案：A30.参考答案：C[解析]holdoff意为“保持一定距离，(使)不接近”。例如：Hishighrankandchillymannerheldpeopleoff．他高贵的地位及冷淡的态度使人们不敢接近他。holdin“约束，克制，保持沉默”。例如：holdinone'sanger忍住怒火。holdup“举起，抬起，提起”。例如：holdupone'shead昂起头。holdonto无此搭配。31.参考答案：Avirtually：实际上，几乎；esthetically：美学上；ethically：伦理上；morally：道德上。32.参考答案：D[解析]该句意为：在此书中，作者的远景设想不仅富有创造力，而且对世界发展方向的预测也令人信服。

head：向某一方向运动(headone'scarforhome开车回家)；deteriorate：恶化；dominate：通知，支配；expand：扩大，扩张；proceed：继续，接着做……，发展。33.参考答案：D[解析]sentiment：情感(sentimental：引起轰动的)；audience：听众，观众，读者；instrument：仪器(musicalinstrument乐器)；requirement：要求；emotion：情感34.参考答案：B[解析]A项athand“在附近”；B项infault“有过错”；C项inquestion“正被讨论”；D项ineffect“有效”。句意：警察在调查这起爆炸案时费了很大力气，但并没有迹象表明日常安全部署出了问题。B项最符合题意。35.参考答案：C[解析]该句意为：我们实验室的大部分研三学生在忙于实验。

beoccupiedwith：忙于；beboredwith：对……烦了；becrazyabout：对……痴迷，对