大连市结构设计竞赛设计书范本

年4月19日大连市结构设计竞赛设计书文档仅供参考大连理工大学第十二届结构设计说明书作品名称龙门吊参赛队员专业名称目录一、概念设计 2（一）方案构思 2（二）结构选型方案比较 21.设计方案1 22.设计方案2 43.设计方案3 5（三）最终方案详述 61.整体结构设计 62.详细设计73.设计图纸8二、计算设计 ...10（一）静力分析 ..10（二）基本假设 ..13（三）荷载分析 13（四）位移分析 13（五）承载能力的优化与极大值估算 15三、构造设计 16四．小结18 一、概念设计方案构思本次设计竞赛主要有三个方面的技术要求:=1\*GB3①模型制作材料模型制作材料为组委会统一提供的230克巴西白卡纸、铅发丝线（鞋底线）和白胶。不得使用组委会指定以外的其它任何材料，否则将直接取消其参赛资格，并在赛会中通报。=2\*GB3②模型轮廓尺寸限定模型正立面投影限制在如图1所示阴影范围内；侧立面投影限制在图2所示阴影范围内。提交模型时，参赛学生应使用赛会的固定装置、模型验收模具进行试安装，以确认模型符合尺寸要求，并取得参赛资格。另外，为保证能够在模型上表面施加移动荷载，模型的上表面应具备足够的硬度及平整度。=3\*GB3③模型柱脚锚固构造为保证模型能可靠地锚固于加载试验装置台面，制作模型时，严格按照赛会规定限位器的尺寸制作模型柱脚。结构选型方案比较框架结构是指由梁和柱以刚接结或者铰结相连接构成承重体系的结构，即由梁和柱组成框架共同抵抗使用过程中出现的荷载。本次结构设计大赛为正是以框架结构的设计为背景，承受较大竖向荷载，基于这些原则，我们做了如下的探索。1.设计方案1：由于结构在自由端受到竖直荷载的作用，可知在外围一侧结构受拉，内侧受压。已知白卡纸的抗拉强度约为抗压强度的3倍，因另外侧用单层杆连接，内侧用双层双杆进行连接。同时，为了防止受拉一侧出现较大变形，设置了多个支撑杆保持其稳定。为了使桁架没有较大的偏心，在两侧又设置了四条拉杆。结果分析：使用结构力学求解器，分析可得，两根梁之间的承压杆件轴力为皆为正负0.10左右，本方案设计的比较保守，使得任何一个杆件的承受方式都远高于题目要求的荷载。2.设计方案2：结合方案一加载结果的分析，设计了方案二的构造：删除或减小大部分杆件，减轻底座的自重，增强底座与固定台的连接。图2方案2正视图结果分析：使用结构力学求解器，分析可得，两根梁之间的承压杆件轴力为皆为正负0.12左右，轴力的改变并不大，下梁中间弯矩基本上没有改变。因此使用这种结构能很大减少中间支撑杆件的重量，而受力基本上不影响。（三）最终方案详述1.整体结构设计：为利用材料（白卡纸、白乳胶等）的力学性能，结合已有结构力学等力学知识，结合现行高层建筑设计规范等资料；同时为了满足本次大赛的设计要求，在老师的指导下，我团队队员不断探索，最终采用了现在的两榀桁架的结构模型。充分的利用了白卡纸的力学性能。1）、主杆设计：为了节约材料，加大结构加载最终荷重比，我们将各杆件进行严格的理论分析，确定各杆件受力情况。将竖向二根主要受压柱子采取多层折叠，并结合水平单向荷载的特点，将四根主要受压梁采用10mm*10mm双层矩形截面截面；由于中间弯矩大，我们采用了六个10mm*10mm*2矩形截面双层双梁叠加的形式。2）、水平连接杆件设计：由于水平杆件主要起结构连接作用，并不主要受力，其应力较小，为节约材料，减轻结构自重，在工艺允许范围内，考虑到手工制作问题，于是我们将水平连接杆件设计为10mm*10mm的正方形截面单层杆，在满足承载力要求的前提下大大降低了结构自重。图5水平连接杆效果图3.设计图纸计算设计（一）静力分析在对模型进行静荷载分析时，我们采用结构力学求解器软件分析。确定该结构后我们建立了结构的空间模型，经过结构力学求解器软件建模又对结构方案进行改进和优化。计算模型模型简化使用结构力学求解器进行简化，将使用40Kg的荷载，因为接触长度为5cm，因此我们再将荷载以40Kg计算的时候，顶部承受4KN/m的均布荷载，受力分析如下弯矩图轴力图剪力图位移图标题:无标题内力计算杆端内力值(乘子=1)杆端1杆端2单元码轴力剪力弯矩轴力剪力弯矩10.00000000-0.00009593-0.000000000.00000000-0.00009593-0.0000159120.023435930.00008339-0.000015910.023435930.00008339-0.0000026230.02343593-0.00008370-0.000002620.02343593-0.00008370-0.0000159640.046063690.00000853-0.000015960.046063690.00000853-0.0000146050.046063690.00008794-0.000014600.046063690.000087940.000000006-0.11134302-0.000438630.00000000-0.11134302-0.00043863-0.000072737-0.111343020.00037106-0.00007273-0.111343020.00037106-0.000013598-0.13442099-0.00038337-0.00001359-0.13442099-0.00038337-0.000074709-0.134420990.00007166-0.00007470-0.134420990.00007166-0.0000632810-0.04769645-0.00459181-0.00000000-0.04769645-0.00459181-0.00060842110.033278790.00450521-0.000608420.033278790.004505210.00065304120.033278790.004505210.000653040.033278790.004505210.00078820130.185986930.000362380.000788200.185986930.000362380.00089692140.03304681-0.004933550.000896920.03304681-0.004933550.00060090150.03304681-0.004933550.000600900.03304681-0.00493355-0.0006324816-0.047569860.00477347-0.00063248-0.047569860.00477347-0.0000000017-0.111343020.000438630.00000000-0.111343020.000438630.0000727318-0.11134302-0.000371050.00007273-0.11134302-0.000371050.0000135919-0.134421010.000383350.00001359-0.134421010.000383350.0000747020-0.13442101-0.000071550.00007470-0.13442101-0.000071550.0000632921-0.15867649-0.000381280.00006329-0.15867649-0.00038128-0.00000000220.000000000.00009594-0.000000000.000000000.000095940.00001591230.02343593-0.000083390.000015910.02343593-0.000083390.00000262240.023435930.000083700.000002620.023435930.000083700.00001596250.04606359-0.000008540.000015960.04606359-0.000008540.00001460260.04606359-0.000087930.000014600.04606359-0.00008793-0.0000000027-0.158676490.00038119-0.00006328-0.158676490.000381190.00000000280.016138030.000000000.000000000.016138030.000000000.0000000029-0.01514021-0.000000000.00000000-0.01514021-0.00000000-0.00000000300.01428465-0.000000000.000000000.01428465-0.00000000-0.0000000031-0.01572567-0.000000000.00000000-0.01572567-0.00000000-0.00000000320.014519490.00000000-0.000000000.014519490.000000000.00000000330.000095930.00000000-0.000000000.000095930.000000000.00000000340.00080969-0.000000000.000000000.00080969-0.000000000.00000000350.000167090.00000000-0.000000000.000167090.000000000.00000000360.00045503-0.000000000.000000000.00045503-0.00000000-0.0000000037-0.000079400.00000000-0.00000000-0.000079400.000000000.00000000380.000095940.00000000-0.000000000.000095940.000000000.00000000390.01451949-0.000000000.000000000.01451949-0.00000000-0.0000000040-0.015725660.00000000-0.00000000-0.015725660.000000000.00000000410.014284680.00000000-0.000000000.014284680.000000000.0000000042-0.015140050.00000000-0.00000000-0.015140050.000000000.00000000430.016138170.00000000-0.000000000.016138170.000000000.00000000440.000809690.000000000.000000000.000809690.000000000.00000000450.000167090.00000000-0.000000000.000167090.000000000.00000000460.00045490-0.000000000.000000000.00045490-0.00000000-0.0000000047-0.00007940-0.000000000.00000000-0.00007940-0.00000000-0.00000000480.03771694-0.00021065-0.000000000.03771694-0.00021065-0.0000337049-0.117595850.00085104-0.00003370-0.117595850.000851040.0000939550-0.117595850.000851040.00009395-0.117595850.000851040.0001790651-0.117595850.000851040.00017906-0.11759585-0.09914896-0.0010283952-0.117024690.09914766-0.00102839-0.11702469-0.000852340.0001789953-0.11702469-0.000852340.00017899-0.11702469-0.000852340.0000937654-0.11702469-0.000852340.00009376-0.11702469-0.00085234-0.00003409550.037590260.00021308-0.000034090.037590260.00021308-0.00000000560.065715780.00000000-0.000000000.065715780.000000000.0000000057-0.053689950.00000000-0.00000000-0.053689950.000000000.0000000058-0.124562860.00000000-0.00000000-0.124562860.000000000.00000000590.15900.00000000-0.000000000.15900.000000000.0000000060-0.12678332-0.000000000.00000000-0.12678332-0.00000000-0.0000000061-0.125861570.00000000-0.00000000-0.125861570.000000000.00000000620.12058329-0.000000000.000000000.12058329-0.00000000-0.0000000063-0.125119660.00000000-0.00000000-0.125119660.000000000.0000000064-0.05387403-0.000000000.00000000-0.05387403-0.000000000.00000000650.06593724-0.000000000.000000000.06593724-0.00000000-0.00000000标题:无标题位移计算杆端位移值(乘子=1)杆端1杆端2单元码u-水平位移v-竖直位移θ-转角u-水平位移v-竖直位移θ-转角1-0.00000075-0.000731700.00819076-0.00120611-0.000731700.005425712-0.00120611-0.000731700.00542571-0.00176527-0.000588030.002330833-0.00176527-0.000588030.00233083-0.00194869-0.00044435-0.000772504-0.00194869-0.00044435-0.00077250-0.00141269-0.00016196-0.005877415-0.00141269-0.00016196-0.00587741-0.000155950.00013214-0.0084173960.000000000.000000000.00813653-0.00119979-0.000263760.005433527-0.00119979-0.000263760.00543352-0.00176397-0.000517280.002349838-0.00176397-0.000517280.00234983-0.00194514-0.00082338-0.000804289-0.00194514-0.00082338-0.00080428-0.00141331-0.00112946-0.0057331010-0.000155950.00013214-0.00749335-0.0009-0.00150575-0.0220975211-0.0009-0.00150575-0.02209752-0.00013453-0.01036219-0.0198337312-0.00013453-0.01036219-0.01983373-0.00012978-0.01091416-0.0168722713-0.00012978-0.01091416-0.016872270.00013592-0.010893690.01775341140.00013592-0.010893690.017753410.00014536-0.009631660.02390882150.00014536-0.009631660.023908820.00020437-0.001505750.02247848160.00020437-0.001505750.022478480.000159350.000131580.00729656170.000000000.00000000-0.008140730.0019-0.00026376-0.00543773180.0019-0.00026376-0.005437730.00176533-0.00051728-0.00235402190.00176533-0.00051728-0.002354020.00194718-0.000823380.00080001200.00194718-0.000823380.000800010.00141601-0.001129460.00572923210.00141601-0.001129460.005729230.00020437-0.001505750.00808391220.00000075-0.00073225-0.008194960.00120680-0.00073225-0.00542991230.00120680-0.00073225-0.005429910.00176663-0.00058858-0.00233504240.00176663-0.00058858-0.002335040.00195073-0.000444900.00076831250.00195073-0.000444900.000768310.00141539-0.000162520.00587321260.00141539-0.000162520.005873210.000159350.000131580.0084131527-0.00141331-0.00112946-0.00573310-0.0009-0.00150575-0.0080872328-0.000155950.00013214-0.00833218-0.00141331-0.00112946-0.0083321829-0.00141331-0.00112946-0.00409930-0.00194869-0.00044435-0.0040993030-0.00194869-0.000444350.00046040-0.00176397-0.000517280.0004604031-0.00176397-0.000517280.00273099-0.00120611-0.000731700.0027309932-0.00120611-0.000731700.006591120.000000000.000000000.00659112330.000000000.000000000.00552225-0.00000075-0.000731700.0055222534-0.00119979-0.000263760.00353164-0.00120611-0.000731700.0035316435-0.00176397-0.000517280.00053391-0.00176527-0.000588030.0005339136-0.00194514-0.00082338-0.00286063-0.00194869-0.00044435-0.0028606337-0.00141331-0.00112946-0.00730187-0.00141269-0.00016196-0.00730187380.000000000.00000000-0.005526450.00000075-0.00073225-0.00552645390.000000000.00000000-0.006595320.00120680-0.00073225-0.00659532400.00120680-0.00073225-0.002735190.00176533-0.00051728-0.00273519410.00176533-0.00051728-0.000464600.00195073-0.00044490-0.00046460420.00195073-0.000444900.004095110.00141601-0.001129460.00409511430.000159350.000131580.008327960.00141601-0.001129460.00832796440.0019-0.00026376-0.003535840.00120680-0.00073225-0.00353584450.00176533-0.00051728-0.000538110.00176663-0.00058858-0.00053811460.00194718-0.000823380.002856430.00195073-0.000444900.00285643470.00141601-0.001129460.007297660.00141539-0.000162520.00729766480.00337499-0.00179821-0.027181610.00423710-0.00640405-0.03199637490.00423710-0.00640405-0.031996370.00171719-0.01102574-0.02392720500.00171719-0.01102574-0.023927200.00003724-0.012326310.00044874510.00003724-0.012326310.00044874-0.00000475-0.012121960.0000363852-0.00000475-0.012121960.00003638-0.00004655-0.01232269-0.0003776553-0.00004655-0.01232269-0.00037765-0.00171833-0.011015980.0239751654-0.00171833-0.011015980.02397516-0.00422600-0.006392310.0319662455-0.00422600-0.006392310.03196624-0.00336680-0.001797210.0270959556-0.00336680-0.001797210.017249290.000159350.000131580.0172492957-0.00336680-0.001797210.018795620.00020437-0.001505750.01879562580.00020437-0.001505750.02631476-0.00422600-0.006392310.0263147659-0.00422600-0.006392310.025665050.00013592-0.010893690.02566505600.00013592-0.010893690.00360016-0.00000475-0.012121960.0036001661-0.00000475-0.01212196-0.00349700-0.00012978-0.01091416-0.0034970062-0.00012978-0.01091416-0.025703470.00423710-0.00640405-0.02570347630.00423710-0.00640405-0.02636927-0.0009-0.00150575-0.0263692764-0.0009-0.00150575-0.018821490.00337499-0.00179821-0.01882149650.00337499-0.00179821-0.01727012-0.000155950.00013214-0.01727012内力计算杆端内力值(乘子=1)杆端1杆端2单元码轴力剪力弯矩轴力剪力弯矩10.00000000-0.00009593-0.000000000.00000000-0.00009593-0.0000159120.023435930.00008339-0.000015910.023435930.00008339-0.0000026230.02343593-0.00008370-0.000002620.02343593-0.00008370-0.0000159640.046063690.00000853-0.000015960.046063690.00000853-0.0000146050.046063690.00008794-0.000014600.046063690.000087940.000000006-0.11134302-0.000438630.00000000-0.11134302-0.00043863-0.000072737-0.111343020.00037106-0.00007273-0.111343020.00037106-0.000013598-0.13442099-0.00038337-0.00001359-0.13442099-0.00038337-0.000074709-0.134420990.00007166-0.00007470-0.134420990.00007166-0.0000632810-0.04769645-0.00459181-0.00000000-0.04769645-0.00459181-0.00060842110.033278790.00450521-0.000608420.033278790.004505210.00065304120.033278790.004505210.000653040.033278790.004505210.00078820130.185986930.000362380.000788200.185986930.000362380.00089692140.03304681-0.004933550.000896920.03304681-0.004933550.00060090150.03304681-0.004933550.000600900.03304681-0.00493355-0.0006324816-0.047569860.00477347-0.00063248-0.047569860.00477347-0.0000000017-0.111343020.000438630.00000000-0.111343020.000438630.0000727318-0.11134302-0.000371050.00007273-0.11134302-0.000371050.0000135919-0.134421010.000383350.00001359-0.134421010.000383350.0000747020-0.13442101-0.000071550.00007470-0.13442101-0.000071550.0000632921-0.15867649-0.000381280.00006329-0.15867649-0.00038128-0.00000000220.000000000.00009594-0.000000000.000000000.000095940.00001591230.02343593-0.000083390.000015910.02343593-0.000083390.00000262240.023435930.000083700.000002620.023435930.000083700.00001596250.04606359-0.000008540.000015960.04606359-0.000008540.00001460260.04606359-0.000087930.000014600.04606359-0.00008793-0.0000000027-0.158676490.00038119-0.00006328-0.158676490.000381190.00000000280.016138030.000000000.000000000.016138030.000000000.0000000029-0.01514021-0.000000000.00000000-0.01514021-0.00000000-0.00000000300.01428465-0.000000000.000000000.01428465-0.00000000-0.0000000031-0.01572567-0.000000000.00000000-0.01572567-0.00000000-0.00000000320.014519490.00000000-0.000000000.014519490.000000000.00000000330.000095930.00000000-0.000000000.000095930.000000000.00000000340.00080969-0.000000000.000000000.00080969-0.000000000.00000000350.000167090.00000000-0.000000000.000167090.000000000.00000000360.00045503-0.000000000.000000000.00045503-0.00000000-0.0000000037-0.000079400.00000000-0.00000000-0.000079400.000000000.00000000380.000095940.00000000-0.000000000.000095940.000000000.00000000390.01451949-0.000000000.000000000.01451949-0.00000000-0.0000000040-0.015725660.00000000-0.00000000-0.015725660.000000000.00000000410.014284680.00000000-0.000000000.014284680.000000000.0000000042-0.015140050.00000000-0.00000000-0.015140050.000000000.00000000430.016138170.00000000-0.000000000.016138170.000000000.00000000440.000809690.000000000.000000000.000809690.000000000.00000000450.000167090.00000000-0.000000000.000167090.000000000.00000000460.00045490-0.000000000.000000000.00045490-0.00000000-0.0000000047-0.00007940-0.000000000.00000000-0.00007940-0.00000000-0.00000000480.03771694-0.00021065-0.000000000.03771694-0.00021065-0.0000337049-0.117595850.00085104-0.00003370-0.117595850.000851040.0000939550-0.117595850.000851040.00009395-0.117595850.000851040.0001790651-0.117595850.000851040.00017906-0.11759585-0.09914896-0.0010283952-0.117024690.09914766-0.00102839-0.11702469-0.000852340.0001789953-0.11702469-0.000852340.00017899-0.11702469-0.000852340.0000937654-0.11702469-0.000852340.00009376-0.11702469-0.00085234-0.00003409550.0