状语从句讲解和练习

状语从句讲解和练习状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如：1.Naturally,ourgrandparentswerepleasedtogetourphonecall.(副词)2.Weworkedhard,fromsunrisetosunset.(介词状短语)3.Tohelpmydisabledaunt,Ispendanhourworkinginherhouseeveryday.(不定式)4.Seenfromadistance,thefarmhouselookeddeserted.(过去分词)5.IknowhowtolightacampfirebecauseIhaddoneitbefore.（原因状语从句）状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作状语修饰形容词和副词时必须后置。状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:1．时间状语从句常用引导词：when,as,while,assoonas,while,before,after,since,till,until特殊引导词：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…whenIdidn’trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard(果园)themomenttheysawtheguard.NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.2．地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhereGenerally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.3．原因状语从句常用引导词：because,since,as,since特殊引导词：seeingthat,nowthat,inthat,consideringthat,giventhat,consideringthat,MyfriendsdislikemebecauseI’mhandsomeandsuccessful.Nowthateverybodyhascome,let’sbeginourconference.Thehigherincometaxisharmfulinthatitmaydiscouragepeoplefromtryingtoearnmore.Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightof1.80misquiteremarkable.4．目的状语从句常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat特殊引导词：lest,incase,forfearthat，inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthatThebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.5．结果状语从句常用引导词：so…that,so…that,such…that,特殊引导词：suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat,Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.It’ssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.Tosuchandegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn’tsleeplastnight.6．条件状语从句常用引导词：if,unless,特殊引导词：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposethat,incasethat,onconditionthatWe’llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.7．让步状语从句常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)，while(一般用在句首)，nomatter…，inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whicheverMuchasIrespecthim,Ican’tagreetohisproposal.尽管我很尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.Hewon’tlistenwhateveryoumaysay.8．比较状语从句常用引导词：as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较)特殊引导词：themore…themore…;justas…，so…;AistoBwhat/asXistoY;no…morethan;notAsomuchasBSheisasbad-temperedashermother.Thehouseisthreetimesasbigasours.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。9．方式状语从句常用引导词：as,asif,how特殊引导词：thewayWheninRome,doastheRomando.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.10.状语从句的简化♠状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；②从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。例如：When(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.He’llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：I’mtallerthanhe(istall).Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegreaterthepressure(is).就状语从句而言,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行"简化"。状语从句的"简化"现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的了解。状语从句的"简化"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:①由if,unless等引导的条件状语从句;②由although,though,evenif/though等引导的让步状语从句;③由when,while,as,before,after,until/till等引导的时间状语从句;④由as,asif等引导的方式状语从句;⑤由as,than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作一归纳。(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。例如:If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的话,他会帮你摆脱困境。Youmustattendthemeetingunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou.除非情况对你来说不方便,否则你必须出席这次会议。(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:a.连词+形容词As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Whenever(sheis)free,sheoftengoesshopping.她有空就去逛商店。Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲。b.连词+名词While(hewas)ayoungboy,hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。Although(hewas)afarmer,nowheisafamousdirector.尽管他曾是个农民,而现在是位著名的导演了。c.连词+现在分词As(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。Although(heis)doinghisbestinmathsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.尽管近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。d.连词+过去分词Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去那里。Theconcertwasagreatsuccessthan(itwas)expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。e.连词+不定式Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.当时他站起来好像要说什么。Hewouldn'tsolvetheproblemevenif(hewere)totakecharge.即使他来负责,他也解决不了这个问题。f.连词+介词短语Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻烦。HehadmasteredtheEnglishlanguagebefore(hewas)intheUSA.他到美国之前就懂英语了。注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。例如:Whenthemeetingwasover,allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting-room.当会议结束时,人们都走出了会议室。(=Themeetingover,巩固练习1.Johnshuteverybodyoutofthekitchen______hecouldpreparehisgrandsurprisefortheparty.A.whichB.whenC.sothatD.asif2.Iwouldappreciateit________youcallbackthisafternoonforthedoctor’sappointment.A.untilB.ifC.whenD.that3.AsfarasIamconcerned，educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn，________.A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife4.Afterthewar，anewschoolbuildingwasputup________therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when5.—IsMr.Smithintheoffice?—Yes，________heisinchargeoftheoffice，hemustbethere.A.sinceB.howeverC.whetherD.for6.Asyourgoodfriend,Iwilldo________helpyou.A.thatIcantoB.whatIcantoC.allthatIcanD.whatIcan7.Johnmayphonetonight.Idon’twanttogoout________hephones.A.aslongasB.inordertoC.incaseD.sothat8.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight，buttheyhungup________Icouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before9.—Don’tlookdownuponBob.Hehashisownadvantages.—Oh,yes.________othersareweak,heisstrong.A.IfB.WhenC.WhereD.Though10.Itistenyears________hesmoked.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.while11.Wemusthurryup________catchupwiththelasttrain.A.thatB.sothattoC.inorderthatD.inorderto12.Nomatter________harditmaybe，Iwillcarryitout.A.whatB.whateverC.howD.however13.________youmaydo，youmustdoitwell.A.WhichB.WheneverC.WhateverD.When14.—AreyouthinkingaboutgoingtoNewYorkfortheholiday?—No.ButifI________thetime，Iwoulddefinitelygo.A.haveB.hadC.havehadD.wouldhave15.________youaresoweak，you’dbetterstayathome.A.SinceB.ForC.BecauseD.Though16.EnglishandFrencharetaughthere.Youcanchoose________youlike.A.nomatterwhichB.whicheverC.whichD.whatever17.IsawMr.SmithlastSunday.Wehadnotseeneachother________IleftLondon.A.asB.beforeC.sinceD.till18.I’llbebackbeforeyou________.A.willleaveB.willhaveleftC.leaveD.wouldleave19.Theproblemwon’tbesettleduntilwe________achancetodiscussitthoroughly.A.havehadB.willhaveC.willhavehadD.wouldhave20.Ifyou________thisexperiment，youwillunderstandthetheorybetter.A.willbedoingB.havedoneC.willhavedoneD.woulddo21.Theywentonworking________itwaslateatnight.A.evenifB.asifC.howeverD.asthough22.Ihurried________Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless23.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit________.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israining24.________youtalktosomeoneorwriteamessage，youshowyourskillstoothers.A.AttimesB.SometimeC.BythetimeD.Everytime25.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter，________.A.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyreadB.buthisworksarenotwidelyreadC.hisworksarenotwidelyreadD.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread26.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe________.A.willarriveB.isgoingtoarriveC.arrivesD.isarriving27.Weshouldfinishtheimportantjob，________.A.longittakeshoweverB.ittakeshoweverlongC.longhoweverittakesD.howeverlongittakes28.________hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How29.________comestothepartywillreceiveagift.A.WhichB.WhoC.WhichoneD.Whoever30.Sheiswillingtohelpyou,________busysheis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever31.Idon’tcarewhetherhestays________goes.A.norB.thenC.orD.otherwise32.Nomatter________harditmaybe，I’llcarryitout.A.whatB.whateverC.howD.however33.Whydoyouwanttofindanewjob________you’vegotsuchagoodonealready?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when34.________heis,hewillbethinkingofyou.A.WhereverB.WhereC.NowthatD.Assoonas35.Youshouldmakeitaruletoleavethings________youcanfindthemagain.A.whenB.whereC.thenD.there36.Hegotexcitedatthenews，________Iwascalm.A.whenB.whileC.becauseD.after37.—ShallBrowncomeandplaycomputergames?—No，________hehasfinishedhishomework.A.whenB.ifC.unlessD.once38.________youtry，youwillneversucceed.A.IfB.UntilC.SinceD.Unless39.HardlyhadhearrivedinHongkong________sherangmeup.A.whenB.thanC.thatD.and40.________theyheardtheshoutforhelp，theyrushedout.A.ImmediatelyB.ThemomentC.ThewhileD.Alltheabove41.________，heneverseemsabletodotheworkbeautifully.A.TryashedoesB.ashetriesC.TryasdoesheD.Ashedoestry42.—Theairisfullofsmokeandpeoplearecoughing.—Itwillgetworse________thegovernmentdoessomethingaboutthepollution.A.butB.unlessC.exceptD.if43.If________，Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.hadhetoldmeB.hehadtoldmeC.hehastoldmeD.hewouldtellme44.—AliceismovingtohernewapartmentnextSaturday.—I’llbegladtohelpher，________needsomehelp.A.shouldsheB.ifshewillC.ifsheD.ifshemight45.Icame________Iheardthenews.A.untilB.assoonasC.immediatelyD.BandC46.Whatwehaveseen________.A.fromwhatweheardB.allwhatweheardC.towhatwehaveheardD.fromwhatwehaveheard47.Wewillnevergivein________theymightdoorsayaboutourplan.A.nomatterhowB.howC.whateverD.although48.IfyougotoXi’an，youwillfindtheplacestheremoremagnificentthancommonly________.A.supposingB.supposedC.tosupposeD.suppose49.________hecomes，wewouldnotbeabletogo.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even50.It’snowonderyou’vegotaheadache________youdranksomuchlastnight.A.thoughB.incaseC.whenD.while51.IwonderifI________time.IfI________time，I’llgowithyou.A.have；haveB.willhave；willhaveC.have；willhaveD.willhave；have52.Bythetimeyou_______back，thesupper________ready.A.willget；willbeB.get；wasC.get；willbeD.willget；is53.Telephonemeassoonasyou________theresults.A.willgetB.getC.hadgotD.got54.________Ilive，Iwillnevergiveintotheenemy.A.AsfarasB.AslongasC.AswellasD.Assoonas55.Ireallywonder________hehaspostedmemanypackages________heworkedtogether.A.how；afterB.why；whenC.when；beforeD.why；since56.Pleasepronouncetheword________Idid.A.bythewayB.thewayC.themomentD.like57.Iwasabouttoleavemyhouse________thephonerang.A.whileB.whenC.asD.after58.Ihadcutthemeatintopieces________Motherstartedcooking.A.whenB.assoonasC.afterD.while59.Youshouldvisitthepartofthecountrywhen________.A.springwillcomeB.itwillbespringC.itisspringD.itisconingspring60.Idon’tliketobeinterruptedifI________.A.speaksB.willspeakC.amspeakingD.wouldbespeaking1~5CBBBA6~10BCDCC11~15DCCBA16~20BCCAB21~25ABBDC26~30CDADC31~35CCDAB 36~40BCDAD41~45ABBAD46~50DCBBC51~55DCBBD56~60BBACC【解析】1.sothat引导目的状语从句。2.if引导条件状语从句。3.本句是themore…themore…句型，第二个比较级修饰形容词equipped。4.where引导表示地点的状语从句。5.since在这里引导原因状语从句。7.incase以防万一。19.主句为将来时态时，状语从句一般用一般现在时表将来，但如果强调状语从句的动作先完成，可用完成时。24.此处的everytime当连词使用。37.这是对话省略，引出一个条件“除非他先完成作业”。38.本句意为“除非你努力，(否则)你决不可能获得成功”。43.本句的条件状语从句是虚拟语气。50.when在本句中相当于since，seeingthat，consideringthat，“既然；鉴于”。56.“请按我的方法来发这个单词的音”状语从句专项练习I.填入适当的引导词1.Ihaven'theardfromhim_____hewenttoAmerica.2.Hewon'tbehere_____heisinvited.3.Hewillnotgotothecinema_____heisverybusy.4.Wefoundthekey_____sheladleftit.5.Wefoundthebookstwodays____hehadgoneaway.6.Wehadnosoonergottothestation_____thetrainleft.7.HespeaksEnglish______hewereanEnglishman.8.Heisexplainingclearly_______theycouldunderstand.9.Donotleavetheroom_____youhavefinishedthetest.10.Shesang______shewentalong.II.改错1.Thechildrenwererunningontheplaygroundasfastastheycan.2.Sinceherhusbandhaddied,soshehadtosupportherfamily.3.Hewon'tgooutuntilhismotherwillcome.4.Hewasveryfoolishthathedidn'tpasssuchaneasyexam.5.Tomhadgoneoutassoonashismothergothome.6.Itwasthreemonthssincehecametoourschool.7.Theplaygroundofourschoolislargerthantheirschool.8.ThestreetsinNanjingarewiderthanShanghai.9.Whateverthereisplentyofsunandrain,thefieldsaregreen.10.Shesingssongsasifsheisabird.III.找出从句并指出是那类从句1.Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.2.Thequestionheaskedwaswheretheelectricalequipmentshouldbestored.3.Themountainisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.4.Thefactthatsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.5.Hewasnotthemanthathewasbefore.6.Nowyouwasfree,whynotgoswimmingwithus?7.Wherethereareschoolsandcolleges,thereareexaminations.8.Badhabits,oncefirmed,aredifficulttogiveup.9.Sheoftenwearsthesamekindofskirtashertwinsisterdoes.10.Themomentheopenedthewindow,abirdflewin.IV.填入适当的引导词完成句子1.____willdotheexperimentcomestotheprofessor'soffice.2.___willdotheexperimenthasn'tbeendecided.3.Theteacherdidn'tleave______twelveo'clock.4.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.5._____sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.6.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggre