财务报表分析资产负债表

新疆财经大学商务学院11级会计13班第一组财务报表分析--

资产负债表1/182—WHOWEARE-WHATWEDO—组长:陆晨君（汇总全组信息，制作并以PPT形式将成果展现给大家)组员：孙迪（查找2023年第一季度资产负债表数据并计算）崔珈榕（查找2023年第一季度资产负债表数据并计算）陈阳（根据计算数据进行分析）高申莉（根据计算数据进行分析）新疆财经大学商务学院11级会计13班第一组2/18公司介绍中粮屯河股份有限公司（中粮屯河，COFCOTunhe，股票代码600737）是世界500强公司中粮集团有限公司控股A股上市公司。中粮屯河是我国领先果蔬食品生产供应商，拥有番茄、食糖两大产业，是领先番茄制品生产公司，国内最大食糖生产和贸易公司，主营番茄加工、食糖加工贸易、果蔬罐头贸易、种业和品牌产品业务，致力于成为果蔬食品行业领导者和品质一流食品公司。公司经营范围是：番茄加工、番茄制品制造销售以及其他农副产品（除粮、棉）加工、销售；饮料生产、销售；食用油、水果、蔬菜加工和销售；白砂糖、酒精、颗粒粕制造销售；蒸汽生产、销售；糖蜜、菜丝销售（限所属分支机构经营）；农药销售（许可证为准）；汽车货运；蜜饯、炒货食品及坚果制品（烘炒类）、水果制品（水果干制品）加工、销售（限所属分支机构经营）。一般经营项目：水泥及其制品、活性石灰、本公司产品及一般货物与技术进口经营；经纪信息服务；废渣、废旧物资销售；房屋、土地、设备租赁；化肥、农膜销售；农产品开发、种植、销售；钢桶、吨箱、托盘、无菌袋、不再分装包装种子销售；农机作业服务、农机租赁。机械设备零部件、钢材、马口铁罐、番茄酱生产设备、糖生产设备、酒精生产设备、颗粒粕生产设备、农机和环境保护设备销售。货物运输代理服务、装卸搬运服务、鉴证咨询服务和代理服务（包括代购代销货物、代办进出口、介绍服务和其他代理服务）经营方式：生产、批发、零售、投资、租赁、咨询服务。新疆财经大学商务学院11级会计13班第一组3/18新疆财经大学商务学院11级会计13班第一组4/18新疆财经大学商务学院11级会计13班第一组5/186项目年末数年初数变动额变动率%对总资产影响%流动资产：货币资金2,503,138,568.262,902,186,648.20-399048079.9-13.74991096-2.107577883交易性金融资产应收票据应收账款491,848.18256,005,972.45-255514124.3-99.80787629-1.349501336预付款项11,056,928.0011,056,928.00000应收利息应收股利其他应收款13,662,857,677.037,135,195,511.14652766216691.4854001634.47593687存货657,074,970.30934,225,120.92-277150150.6-29.66631323-1.463772305一年内到期非流动资产其他流动资产流动资产合计16,834,619,991.7711,238,670,180.71559594981149.791921329.55508534非流动资产：可供发售金融资产803,477,786.08767,744,553.0635733233.024.6543128020.188725558持有至到期投资长期应收款652,601.25746,487.10-93885.85-12.57702243-0.000495859长期股权投资长期股权投资6,697,167,119.356,081,410,936.93615756182.410.125219113.252124686投资性房地产402,831,544.63450,350,326.63-47518782-10.55151494-0.250971096固定资产347,628,844.27365,053,273.22-17424428.95-4.773119495-0.092027359在建工程58,293,289.39266,002.7558027286.6421814.543890.306471907工程物资固定资产清理生产性生物资产油气资产无形资产56,162,821.4728,080,699.4828082121.99100.00506580.148316111开发支出商誉长期待摊费用1,643,544.74-1643544.74-100-0.008680404递延所得税资产其他非流动资产非流动资产合计8,366,214,006.447,695,295,823.91670918182.58.718549593.543463543资产总计25,200,833,998.2118,933,966,004.62626686799433.0985488833.098548882023年资产负债表水平分析6/187流动负债：短期借款8,146,000,000.004,050,000,000.004096000000101.135802521.63307993交易性金融负债应付票据应付账款192,429,975.79377,982,829.96-185552854.2-49.09028651-0.979999933预收款项829,683,942.00445,583,251.0038410069186.202379382.028633044应付职员薪酬33,480,953.3643,223,535.49-9742582.13-22.53999359-0.051455581应交税费246,050,401.52245,773,919.01276482.510.112494650.001460246应付利息64,516,887.79149,846,296.60-85329408.81-56.94462309-0.450668438应付股利1,547,569.471,547,569.47000其他应付款5,079,931,043.753,958,770,765.38112116027828.320919425.92142332一年内到期非流动负债834,000,000.00793,134,318.00408656825.1524289230.215832658其他流动负债流动负债合计15,427,640,773.6810,065,862,484.91536177828953.266953528.31830525非流动负债：长期借款2,931,900,000.002,903,500,000.00284000000.9781298430.149994988应付债券1,191,483,087.881,189,947,059.521536028.360.1290837560.008112555长期应付款324,438.221,930,621.31-1606183.09-83.19513939-0.008483078专项应付款估计负债递延所得税负债181,160,471.17168,194,846.8912965624.287.7086929350.068478122其他非流动负债949,474.261,062,252.06-112777.8-10.61685868-0.000595637非流动负债合计4,305,817,471.534,264,634,779.7841182691.750.9656792170.217506949负债合计19,733,458,245.2114,330,497,264.69540296098137.7025366328.5358122股东权益：股本1,813,731,596.001,813,731,596.00000资本公积851,932,110.09813,035,237.2238896872.874.7841558510.205434365减：库存股专项储藏盈余公积411,921,457.27323,979,248.4687942208.8127.144395580.464467977一般风险准备未分派利润2,389,790,589.641,652,722,658.25737067931.444.597194073.892834344股东权益合计5,467,375,753.004,603,468,739.93863907013.118.766435964.562736686负债和股东权益总计25,200,833,998.2118,933,966,004.62626686799433.0985488833.098548882023年资产负债表水平分析7/18从资产方面看：（1）流动资产本期增加5595949811元，增加幅度为49.792%，使总资产规模增加了29.555%。非流动资产本期增加了670918182.5元，增加幅度幅度为8.719%，使总资产规模增加了3.543%。二者合计使总资产增加了6266867994元，增加幅度为33.099%。（2）本期总资产增加主要是由于流动资产增加。仅从这一变化来看，该公司资产流动性有所增强。其增加主要是由于其他应收款大幅增加，变动额为6527662166元，增加率为91.485%，对总资产影响是34.476%。其他应收款大幅增加说明公司也许有通过其他应收款操纵利润嫌疑。（3）本期非流动资产增加主要是由于在建工程增加58027286.64元，增加率为21814.544%。无形资产增加28082121.99元，增加率为100.005%。8从权益方面看：（1）流动负债本期增加5361778289元，增加率为53.267%，对总资产影响为28.318%。非流动负债本期增加41182691.75元，增加率为0.966%，对总资产影响为0.218%。二者合计使总负债本期增加5402960981元，增加率为37.703%。（2）本期总负债增加是由于流动负债增加。其增加主要原因是由于短期借款本期增加4096000000元，增加率为101.136%。预收账款增加384100691元，增加率为86.202%。公司通过举借短期借款来满足其资金需要，相对于长期借款，短期借款利息支出要相对较低。并且，短期借款能够增加公司资金弹性，有助于公司对资金存量进行调整。（3）本期股东权益增加863907013.1元，增加率18.766%，对资产影响4.563%。其增加主要原因是盈余公积与未分派利润增加。这说明公司内部所有者权益增加，意味着公司拥有富余自有资金和良好偿债能力，代表公司内涵式扩大再生产能力。从中粮屯河股份有限公司2023年资产负债表水平分析表中能够看出：该公司本期总资产增加6266867994元，增加率为33.099%，说明中粮屯河本年资产规模大幅增加。8/189项目年末数年初数年末百分比%年初百分比%变动情况%流动资产：货币资金2,503,138,568.262,902,186,648.209.9327608315.32793841-5.395177582交易性金融资产应收票据应收账款491,848.18256,005,972.450.0019517141.352099039-1.350147325预付款项11,056,928.0011,056,928.000.0438752460.058397316-0.01452207应收利息应收股利其他应收款13,662,857,677.037,135,195,511.1454.2158949137.6846325216.53126239存货657,074,970.30934,225,120.922.6073540684.934122733-2.326768666一年内到期非流动资产其他流动资产流动资产合计16,834,619,991.7711,238,670,180.7166.8018367759.357190037.444646743非流动资产：可供发售金融资产803,477,786.08767,744,553.063.1882983964.054853341-0.866554945持有至到期投资长期应收款652,601.25746,487.100.0025896020.003942582-0.00135298长期股权投资长期股权投资6,697,167,119.356,081,410,936.9326.5751804932.11905491-5.543874419投资性房地产402,831,544.63450,350,326.631.5984849732.3785314-0.780046426固定资产347,628,844.27365,053,273.221.3794338881.928033847-0.548599959在建工程58,293,289.39266,002.750.2313149220.0014048970.229910024工程物资固定资产清理生产性生物资产油气资产无形资产56,162,821.4728,080,699.480.2228609640.1483085980.074552366开发支出商誉长期待摊费用1,643,544.7400.008680404-0.008680404递延所得税资产其他非流动资产非流动资产合计8,366,214,006.447,695,295,823.9133.1981632340.64280997-7.444646743资产总计25,200,833,998.2118,933,966,004.6210010002023年资产负债表垂直分析9/1810流动负债：短期借款8,146,000,000.004,050,000,000.0032.3243270521.390130310.93419674交易性金融负债应付票据应付账款192,429,975.79377,982,829.960.7635857441.996321478-1.232735734预收款项829,683,942.00445,583,251.003.2922876362.3533540250.938933612应付职员薪酬33,480,953.3643,223,535.490.1328565290.228285693-0.095429164应交税费246,050,401.52245,773,919.010.9763581691.298058309-0.32170014应付利息64,516,887.79149,846,296.600.2560109230.791415262-0.535404338应付股利1,547,569.471,547,569.470.0061409450.008173509-0.002032564其他应付款5,079,931,043.753,958,770,765.3820.157789420.90830186-0.750512458一年内到期非流动负债834,000,000.00793,134,318.003.3094142844.188949731-0.879535447其他流动负债流动负债合计15,427,640,773.6810,065,862,484.9161.2187706853.162990178.05578051非流动负债：长期借款2,931,900,000.002,903,500,000.0011.6341387815.3348749-3.700736122应付债券1,191,483,087.881,189,947,059.524.7279510196.284721644-1.556770625长期应付款324,438.221,930,621.310.0012874110.010196603-0.008909192专项应付款估计负债递延所得税负债181,160,471.17168,194,846.890.7188669680.888323381-0.169456413其他非流动负债949,474.261,062,252.060.003767630.005610299-0.001842668非流动负债合计4,305,817,471.534,264,634,779.7817.086011822.52372682-5.43771502负债合计19,733,458,245.2114,330,497,264.6978.3047824875.686716992.61806549股东权益：股本1,813,731,596.001,813,731,596.007.1971094149.579248191-2.382138777资本公积851,932,110.09813,035,237.223.3805710964.294056708-0.913485612减：库存股专项储藏盈余公积411,921,457.27323,979,248.461.6345548621.711100825-0.076545963一般风险准备未分派利润2,389,790,589.641,652,722,658.259.482982158.7288772880.754104862股东权益合计5,467,375,753.004,603,468,739.9321.6952175224.31328301-2.61806549负债和股东权益总计25,200,833,998.2118,933,966,004.6210010002023年资产负债表垂直分析10/1811

（2）从权益构造方面看，流动负债比重上升了8.056%，短期借款比重上升10.934%，流动负债比重上升主要是由于短期借款增加引发。公司通过短期借款举债所发生负债成本相对于其他筹资方式较低，但债务归还期限也相对较短，这也许会使公司所承当风险提升。公司股东权益比重变动幅度是-2.618%。从中粮屯河股份有限公司2023年资产负债表水垂直分析表中分析可得：

（1）从公司资产构造方面看，本期和上期变化并不大，应当以为其是比较稳定。但从表中我们能够看出，流动资产比重变化幅度为7.445%，而非流动资产比重变化幅度则是-7.445%。说明公司采取了保守固流构造政策，由于增加了流动资产，公司资产流动性提升，资产风险会因此减少，但也许造成赚钱水平下降。其中流动资产比重变化主要体目前其他应收款大幅度增加，其比重变化幅度为16.531%。11/1812项目期末余额年初余额变动额变动率(%)对总资产影响（%）流动资产：货币资金1,801,344,095.81568,717,624.011,232,626,471.8216.7411.54交易性金融资产1,422,800.006,016,600.00-4,593,800.00-76.35-0.04应收票据137,936,472.1495,771,558.5042,164,913.6444.030.39应收账款255,542,749.40191,276,758.5964,265,990.8133.60.6预付款项54,244,344.9940,336,819.4313,907,525.5634.480.13应收利息应收股利其他应收款2,875,241,604.333,153,186,025.23-277,944,420.90-8.82-2.6存货659,928,153.67799,696,693.31-139,768,539.64-17.48-1.31一年内到期非流动资产其他流动资产502,861,389.42679,540,765.92-176,679,376.50-26-1.65流动资产合计6,288,521,609.765,534,542,844.99753,978,764.7713.627.06非流动资产：可供发售金融资产持有至到期投资长期应收款长期股权投资3,670,796,840.843,709,631,330.86-38,834,490.02-1.05-0.36投资性房地产固定资产1,270,330,449.771,302,455,024.06-32,124,574.29-2.47-0.3在建工程145,299.14145,299.140.0000工程物资固定资产清理119,650.11119,650.1100.001生产性生物资产油气资产无形资产136,655,914.70137,619,150.35-963,235.65-0.7-0.01开发支出商誉长期待摊费用1,158,858.231,384,997.30-226,139.07-16.33-0.002递延所得税资产其他非流动资产非流动资产合计5,079,207,012.795,151,235,801.71-72,028,788.92-1.4-0.67资产总计11,367,728,622.5510,685,778,646.70681,949,975.856.386.382023年第一季度资产负债表水平分析12/1813流动负债：短期借款3,351,987,815.652,364,217,949.69987,769,865.9641.789.24交易性金融负债10,462,840.0010,462,840.0000.1应付票据54,479,143.1813,313,345.4641,165,797.72309.210.39应付账款190,154,912.11113,404,182.8376,750,729.2867.680.72预收款项99,786,743.5691,727,230.518,059,513.058.790.08应付职员薪酬22,230,829.0226,782,564.86-4,551,735.84-17-0.04应交税费7,673,193.1710,252,331.93-2,579,138.76-25.16-0.02应付利息2,903,365.612,071,500.82831,864.7940.160.01应付股利其他应付款150,870,109.61553,187,946.56-402,317,836.95-72.73-3.76一年内到期非流动负债其他流动负债流动负债合计3,890,548,951.913,174,957,052.66715,591,899.2522.546.7非流动负债：长期借款应付债券长期应付款专项应付款估计负债20,640,655.5420,640,655.540.0000递延所得税负债其他非流动负债29,794,385.8530,137,264.62-342,878.77-1.14-0.003非流动负债合计50,435,041.3950,777,920.16-342,878.77-0.68-0.003负债合计3,940,983,993.303,225,734,972.82715,249,020.4822.176.69所有者权益（或股东权益）：实收资本（或股本）2,051,876,155.002,051,876,155.000.0000资本公积4,733,264,960.624,736,898,538.18-3,633,577.56-0.08-0.03减：库存股专项储藏盈余公积129,619,905.33129,619,905.330.0000一般风险准备未分派利润511,983,608.30541,649,075.37-29,665,467.07-5.48-0.28所有者权益（或股东权益）合计7,426,744,629.257,460,043,673.88-33,299,044.63-0.45-0.31负债和所有者权益（或股东权益）总计11,367,728,622.5510,685,778,646.70681,949,975.856.386.382023年第一季度资产负债表水平分析13/18从资产方面看：

（1）流动资产本期增加753,978,764.77元，增加幅度为13.62%，使总资产规模增加了7.06%。非流动资产本期减少了-72,028,788.92元，减少幅度为-1.4%，使总资产规模减少了-0.67%。二者合计使总资产增加了681,949,975.85元，增加幅度为6.38%。（2）本期总资产增加是由于流动资产增加。仅从这一变化来看，该公司资产流动性有所增强。其增加主要是由于货币资金大幅增加，由期初568,717,624.01元增加为期末1,801,344,095.81元，变动额为1,232,626,471.8元，增加率为216.74%，对总资产影响是11.54%。货币资金增加增强了资金流动性，提升了公司偿债能力，但却使公司营运能力减少。14从权益方面看：（1）流动负债本期增加715,591,899.25元，增加率为22.54%，对总资产影响为6.7%。非流动负债本期减少-342,878.77元，增加率为-0.68%，对总资产影响为-0.003%。二者合计使总负债本期增加715,249,020.48元，增加率为22.17%。（2）本期总资产增加是由于流动负债增加。其增加主要是由于应付票据本期增加额41,165,797.72元，增加率为309.21%。应付账款本期增加额76,750,729.28元，增加率为67.68%。短期借款本期增加987,769,865.96元，增加率为41.78%。这三项增加是造成货币资金大幅增加最主要原因。应付账款及应付票据是因商业信用产生一种无资金成本或资金成本极低资金起源，这使公司充足利用可减少其他筹资方式筹资金额，节省利息支出。而短期借款增加了公司资金弹性，有助于公司对资金存量进行调整。另外，预收款项也对货币资金大幅增加有着一定影响。从中粮屯河股份有限公司2023年第一季度资产负债表水平分析表中能够看出，该公司本期总资产增加681,949,975.85元，增加率为6.38%，说明中粮屯河本年资产规模有所增加。14/1815变动情况（%）项目期末余额年初余额期初期末差异流动资产：货币资金1,801,344,095.81568,717,624.015.3215.8510.53交易性金融资产1,422,800.006,016,600.000.060.01-0.05应收票据137,936,472.1495,771,558.500.91.210.31应收账款255,542,749.40191,276,758.591.792.250.46预付款项54,244,344.9940,336,819.430.380.480.1应收利息应收股利其他应收款2,875,241,604.333,153,186,025.2329.5125.29-4.22存货659,928,153.67799,696,693.317.485.81-1.67一年内到期非流动资产其他流动资产502,861,389.42679,540,765.926.364.42-1.94流动资产合计6,288,521,609.765,534,542,844.9951.7955.323.53非流动资产：可供发售金融资产持有至到期投资长期应收款长期股权投资3,670,796,840.843,709,631,330.8634.7232.29-2.43投资性房地产固定资产1,270,330,449.771,302,455,024.0612.1911.17-1.02在建工程145,299.14145,299.140.0010.0010工程物资固定资产清理119,650.1100.0010.001生产性生物资产油气资产无形资产136,655,914.70137,619,150.351.291.2-0.09开发支出商誉长期待摊费用1,158,858.231,384,997.300.010.010递延所得税资产其他非流动资产非流动资产合计5,079,207,012.795,151,235,801.7148.2144.68-3.53资产总计11,367,728,622.5510,685,778,646.7010010002023年第一季度资产负债表垂直分析15/1816流动负债：短期借款3,351,987,815.652,364,217,949.6922.1229.497.366874交易性金融负债10,462,840.0000.090.09应付票据54,479,143.1813,313,345.460.120.480.36应付账款190,154,912.11113,404,182.831.061.670.61预收款项99,786,743.5691,727,230.510.860.880.02应付职员薪酬22,2