2022-2023学年青海省西宁市大通回族土族自治县高二上学期期末考试英语试题原卷版+解析版含听力音频和听力原文

第第页2022-2023学年青海省西宁市大通回族土族自治县高二上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版+解析版，含听力音频和听力原文）2022~2023学年度第一学期大通县期末联考

高二英语

考生注意：

1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。

3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。

4.本卷命题范围：人教版必修5~选修6

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whichsubjectdoesthewomanlikebest

A.History.B.Math.C.Science.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】M：Ilikesciencebecauseitisusefulinallareas.Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest,Lily

W：Ilikehistorybest,becauseittellsuslotsofinterestingthings.

2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhywillthewomangotothePalaceMuseum

A.Shehashadtheplanforaweek.

B.Sheneedstobeaguidefortheman.

C.Shewantstolearnaboutsomedynasties.

【答案】C

【解析】

【原文】M:Let’sgotothePalaceMuseumthisweekend.

W:Goodidea.Ihavenoplansthisweekend.IthinkIcanlearnsomethingabouttheMingDynastyandtheQingDynastythere.

3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

WhendidMr.SmithgototheMogaoCaves

A.In1986.B.In1987.C.In1988.

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

HowlongistheOlympics’history

A.Lessthan50years.B.Over100years.C.About200years.

【答案】B

【解析】

【原文】W:Dad,whereandwhenwasthefirstModernOlympicsheld

M:InAthens,Greece,in1896.TheOlympicshaveahistoryofover100years.

5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A.Atemple.B.ASwissman.C.Stonefigures.

【答案】A

【解析】

【原文】W:It’ssaidtheAbuSimbelTemplehadbeencoveredinsandfor3,000years.Isthattrue

M:Yes.In1813,aSwissmanaccidentlyfound4hugestonefigures,whichwerealmostcompletelycoveredbysand.ThatwastheAbuSimbelTemple.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

6.WheredidMikireceivecollegeeducation

A.InCalifornia.B.InYokohama.C.InNagasaki.

7.WhoisfromTexas

A.John.B.Miki’smother.C.Miki’sfather.

【答案】6.A7.C

【解析】

【原文】M:Miki,whichuniversitydidyougoto

W:Hi,John.IstudiedattheUniversityofCalifornia.

M:Andwhatdidyoustudy

W:IstudiedmanythingssuchasEnglishandChinese,butImajoredinJapanese.

M:Oh,butwhy

W:MymotherisfromJapan.

M:Really

W:ShegrewupinNagasakiandmovedtoYokohamawhenshewasyoung,somostofmyfamilyarethere,inYokohamaandtheSouth.However,myfatherisfromTexas.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

8.WhydoesthemanthinkthatChristmashistoryishardtoremember

A.Itvariesindifferentplaces.

B.Ithassuchalonghistory.

C.Itchangesallthetime.

9.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutthechangesofChristmas

A.Excited.B.Disappointed.C.Worried.

10Whatwillthechildrenwantaccordingtotheman

A.Morechanges.

B.Moreexpensivegifts.

C.Morecelebrationparties

【答案】8.B9.A10.B

【解析】

【原文】M:ThereseemstobesomuchaboutthehistoryofChristmas.

W:Iknow.Idon’tknowhowIwilleverrememberallofit.

M:Isupposethereasonisthatithassuchalonghistory.

W:It’sinterestingtoseehowthecultureofChristmashaschangedovertheyears.

M:AndIsupposethatitwillcontinuetochange.

W:DoyouthinkthatourchildrenwillcelebrateChristmasdifferentlyfromhowwedonow

M:Possibly.Iknowonethingforsure.

W:What’sthat

M:Ourchildrenwillwantmoreexpensivegiftsthanwegot!

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

11.Whatbehaviordoesthewomanmainlyquestionmenabout

A.Payingforthemselves.

B.Treatingwomenequally.

C.Takingcareofwomen.

12.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A.Doctorandpatient.B.Colleagues.C.Husbandandwife.

13.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodonow

A.Buythetickets.B.Carryherbags.C.Washthedishes.

【答案】11.C12.C13.C

【解析】

【原文】W:Idon’tknowwhyinforeigncountriesmenshouldalwayspickupthebillorpayforcinematickets.

M:Menshouldtakecareofwomen.

W:Menneedn’tdothat.Itputswomeninabadposition.

M:Yeah,theyshouldcarrytheirownbagsandpayforcinematickets.

W:Right!Menandwomenareequal.Womencan...

M:Youmeanwomencandomostthings

W:Yes,sometimes.However,menshouldhelptodothedishesand...

M:OK,youwillcarryyourownbagsnexttime.

W:Well,Ithinkyouwilldothedishesnow,dear!

M:Er...terrible!

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

14.Whatisthewomanreading

A.TheSilkRoad.

B.TheTravelsofMarcoPolo.

C.TheJourneyofVenice.

15.WhendidMarcoPololeaveItaly

A.In1271.B.In1275.C.In1295.

16.HowlongdidMarcoPololiveinChina

A.For4years.B.For17years.C.For24years.

17.HowwasthejourneyofMarcoPologoinghome

A.Dangerous.B.Comfortable.C.Easy.

【答案】14.B15.A16.B17.A

【解析】

【原文】M:Belinda!Whatareyoureading

W:TheTravelsofMarcoPolo.It’sveryinteresting.

M:Letmehavealookatit.Oh!Whatlovelypictures!

W:Yes.Look,thisisVenice.It’sabeautifuloldtowninItaly.

M:That’swhereMarcoPolowasborn,isn’tit

W:That’sright.AndheandhisfatheranduncleleftItalyin1271andarrivedinChinain1275.

M:Fouryears!

W:Andtheytraveledalongthefamous“SilkRoad”.

M:IthinktheystayedinChinaforalongtime.

W:Um...seventeenyears.Andthentheyhadareallydifficultanddangerousjourneyhome.TheyarrivedinVenicein1295.

听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】

18.WhatdidMarieCurie’sfatherdo

A.Aresearcher.B.Ascientist.C.Ateacher.

19.WhydidMarieCuriegotoParisin1891

A.Todoresearchwork.

BTohaveaholiday.

C.Togotocollege.

20.ForwhatdidMarieCuriewinhersecondNobelPrize

A.Herachievementinchemistry.

B.Herbreakthroughinphysics.

C.Herdiscoverofradium.

【答案】18.C19.C20.A

【解析】

【原文】M：MarieCurielovedtostudyandhopedtobecomeascientistfromherearlychildhood.Herinterestinsciencewasencouragedbyherfather,whowasateacherofphysics.

In1891，sheleftPolandandenteredtheUniversityofParis.Fouryearslater，shegraduatedwiththehighestgradeinherclass.Thensheremainedinthesameuniversitydoingscientificresearchwork.Inordertodiscoversomethingthatgaveoffakindofradiation,shedidsomeexperimentscarefullyagainandagain.Finallyin1902sheandherhusbandsucceededinfindingtheradioactiveelementradium.TheirachievementwonthemtheNobelPrizeforphysicsin1903.

In1911,shewonanotherNobelPrize,allbyherselfinchemistry.ThusshebecamethefirstfemalescientisttowintwoNobelPrizes.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

ATimelessLegacy2022：ArtistsofGlacier,PastandPresent

Exhibitiontime：August27~October29，2022

SincethefirstATimelessLegacyexhibitionin2023,ourbelovedannualandnowbiennial(两年一次的)exhibitioncelebratingthehistory,lifeandworksofGlacierNationalParkartistshastakenmanyforms.Forthe2022exhibition，wefeatureworksfrombothcontemporary(当代的)artistsworkinginandaroundGlacierNationalPark,aswellashistoricartworksfromtheHockadayArtMuseum’scollections.

NancyDunlopCawdrey

NancyDunlopCawdreylivesinaworldofcolor.Andshelikestopaintthatwayaswell.AfterlivingforsomeyearsabroadinEnglandandEurope，sheeventuallyreturnedtotheUnitedStatesandsettleddowninMontana.

CaroleCooke

ArtistCaroleCookewrites,“WhenIpaintonlocationinremoteareas,Ifeelasenseofexcitementbeyonddescription.Itismyhopethatsharingimagesoftheland,treesandwaterswillgivetheviewersastrongsenseofconnectiontonature.”

MichelleGrant

BornandraisedinCalgary,Alberta,MichelleGranthasbeenworkingprofessionallyasanartistsince1994.Shecurrentlyworksinacontemporaryrealisticstyle.Herinspirationcomesfromowninghorsesandattendinglotsofhorse-relatedevents,whichprovidereferenceforherpaintings.

JulieJeppsen

WildlifeartistJulieJeppsenisknownforherpaintingscombiningrealismandatmosphereofwildanimalsinlandscape.Julieisaself-taughtartist,whosesubjectmatterisawiderangeofanimals.Shehasbeeninvolvedinartallherlifeandwillcontinuedoingitbecauseit’samajorpartofwhosheis.

21.WhencanpeopleenjoytheexhibitsinATimelessLegacy2022

A.OnAugust25.B.OnOctober28.

C.OnNovember29.D.OnDecember30.

22.WhichisCaroleCooke’shope

A.Shecanpaintinurbanareas.

B.ShecanreturntotheUnitedStates.

C.Herworkscangetpeopleclosertonature.

D.Herinspirationcanhelpwithwildlifeprotection.

23.WhatdoMichelleGrantandJulieJeppsenhaveincommon

A.Theirworksfocusontrees.

B.Theirworksareconnectedwithanimals.

C.Theyownhorses.

D.Theyareself-taughtartists.

【答案】21.B22.C23.B

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了《永恒的遗产2022：冰川艺术家，过去和现在》的展出时间、展出内容，并介绍了NancyDunlopCawdrey、CaroleCooke、MichelleGrant和JulieJeppsen四位艺术家。

【21题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一行“Exhibitiontime：August27~October29,2022”可知，ATimelessLegacy2022的展品展出时间为8月27到10月29之间，人们可以在10月28日欣赏ATimelessLegacy2022的展品。故选B项。

【22题详解】

细节理解题。根据CaroleCooke部分“Itismyhopethatsharingimagesoftheland,treesandwaterswillgivetheviewersastrongsenseofconnectiontonature.(我希望通过分享土地、树木和水的图像，让观众产生与自然的强烈联系)”可知，CaroleCooke希望她的作品可以让人们更亲近自然。故选C项。

【23题详解】

推理判断题。根据MichelleGrant部分“Herinspirationcomesfromowninghorsesandattendinglotsofhorse-relatedevents,whichprovidereferenceforherpaintings.(她的灵感来自于养马和参加许多与马有关的活动，这为她的绘画提供了参考)”和JulieJeppsen部分“WildlifeartistJulieJeppsenisknownforherpaintingscombiningrealismandatmosphereofwildanimalsinlandscape.Julieisaself-taughtartist,whosesubjectmatterisawiderangeofanimals.(野生动物艺术家朱莉·杰普森以将现实主义和野生动物的氛围结合在一起的风景画而闻名。朱莉是一位自学成才的艺术家，她的主题是各种各样的动物)”可推断，MichelleGrant和JulieJeppsen的作品都和动物有关。故选B项。

B

Most5-year-oldsarejustlearningtoreadandwritebutonelittlegirlfromtheUKhasactuallywrittenabookthatwaspublishedinJanuary,2022.

Bella-JayDarkfromWeymouthistheworld’syoungestfemaletobepublishedandwasawardedthetitlebyGuinnessWorldRecords.Herbook,TheLostCattellsthestoryofSnowy,acatwhogotlostaftergoingoutsidealoneatnight.Bellahopesthebookwillteachchildrennottogooutsideatnightalone.

Whilemanyadultwritersfindinspirationfortheirbooksfromlifeexperiences,Bella’screativevisionactuallycamefromoneofherdrawings.“Itstartedoffasapicture.MydadalsoagreedIcouldmakeabookandastorycomingfromthepicture,”BellatoldGuinnessWorldRecords.

Bella’sdecidingtowriteabookwasn’tastoundingtohermom,ChelsieSyme,whosaidthatherdaughterhadbeenwritingshortstoriessinceagethree.Bellaspentaroundfivedayswritingthestoryanddidalloftheillustrations(插图)exceptforonepicturethatheroldersisterLacieMaydrew.

Symehadn’texpectedthebookturnedoutaswellasitdid.“Ithoughtitwouldjustbesomescribble(涂鸦),”shesaid.“Ididn’tthinkitwasgoingtogothisfar.Iamsoproudandwanttoseehergettheacknowledgementshedeserves.”

ToearntheGuinnessWorldRecords’titleofTheWorld’sYoungestPublishedAuthor,Female,thebookhastobepublishedbyacommercialpublishinghouseandhaveatleast1,000copiesprintedandsold.Bella’sbookmetthecriteria(标准).

Besidesbeinganaccomplishedauthor,Bellaisjustaregularkidwhoenjoysreadingswimmingandplayingonhertablet.Inherfreetime,sheiscurrentlyworkingonasequel(续集)toSnowy’sstory.

24.WhatdoesBellawanttotellchildreninherbook

A.Itisnoteasytobeastorywriter.B.Itisdangerousforcatstolivealone.

C.Theyshouldtakegoodcareoftheircats.D.Theyshouldn’tgooutsideatnightalone.

25.WheredidBellafindinspirationforherbook

A.Fromacat’sdailylife.B.Fromapictureshedrew.

C.Fromherfather’sadvice.D.Fromherlifeexperiences.

26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“astounding”inparagraph4mean

A.Surprising.B.Embarrassing.C.Moving.D.Inspiring.

27.WhatdoweknowaboutBella

A.Shehasnosisters.B.Shewasbornin2023.

C.Shewillcontinuetowrite.D.Shedoesn’tlikeswimming.

【答案】24.D25.B26.A27.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国5岁的小女孩Bella写了一本书，名叫《迷路的猫》，讲述了一只名叫白雪的猫在夜里独自外出后迷路的故事。Bella希望这本书能教会孩子们晚上不要独自外出。

【24题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Bellahopesthebookwillteachchildrennottogooutsideatnightalone.(贝拉希望这本书能教会孩子们晚上不要独自外出)”可知，Bella想通过她的书告诉孩子们晚上不应该独自外出。故选D。

【25题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Whilemanyadultwritersfindinspirationfortheirbooksfromlifeexperiences,Bella’screativevisionactuallycamefromoneofherdrawings.(虽然许多成人作家从生活经历中寻找灵感来写书，但贝拉的创意灵感实际上来自她的一幅画)”可知，Bella写书的灵感来自于她的一幅画。故选B。

【26题详解】

词句猜测题。根据画线词后的“whosaidthatherdaughterhadbeenwritingshortstoriessinceagethree.”可知，Bella的妈妈ChelsieSyme说Bella从三岁起就一直在写短故事，所以她对Bella决定写书这件事并不感到惊讶。因此，画线词和Surprising词义相近。故选A。

【27题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inherfreetime,sheiscurrentlyworkingonasequel(续集)toSnowy’sstory.(在她的空闲时间，她目前正在创作Snowy故事的续集)”可知，Bella将会继续写作。故选C。

C

Foundedin1942,theRegeneronScienceTalentSearch(STS)competitionisAmerica’soldestandmostfamousscienceandmathematicscompetition.Uniqueamonghighschoolcompetitions,theRegeneronSTSfocusesonidentifyingandinspiringthemostpromisingscientistsamongthenation’shighschoolseniors.Forthefirsttimeinits78-yearhistory,thecompetitiontookplacevirtuallythisyearinordertokeepfinalistsandtheirfamiliessafeduringtheongoingcoronaviruspandemic.Fortyfinalistswerehonoredduringthevirtualawardceremony.Morethan$1.8millionwasawardedtothefinalists.

Thisyear,LillianKayPetersenofNewMexicowonthetopprizeofaquartermilliondollars.The17-year-oldinventedasimpleandremarkabletoolforpredicting(预测)harvestsearlyinthegrowingseason.ShehadtesteditinAfricaandsuccessfullypredictedharvestswhencomparedwithreportedyields.Thistooloffersanimportantresourcefororganisationsworkingonglobalfoodaid.

Secondplaceand$175,000wenttoJagdeepBhatia,18,ofGreenBrook,NewJersey,fordevelopingtwofastandsimplemachinelearningalgorithms(算法)forcomputerprograms.Hisalgorithmsdonotonlyaskrandom(随机的)questionsbutaskjusttherightones.HisAIalgorithmscouldhelptrainrobotsandotherdevicesfasterandmoreeasily.

Thirdplaceand$150,000wenttoBrendanCrotty,18,ofMuskogee,Oklahomaforhisprojectwherehedesignedandbuiltanefficientgasburnerthatcouldhelpreducetheillimpactofindustries.Hisspecializedburnersystemoperatesathighertemperaturesthancurrentindustrialburnersyetsendsout19percentlesspollutinggas.

“CongratulationstotheRegeneronScienceTalentSearchwinners.Theywillbesolvingtheworld’smostdifficultproblemsandhaveasignificantimpactonthedevelopmentoftheworld,”saidMayaAjmera,PresidentandCEOofSocietyforScience每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

BenefitsofSportsCampsinSummer

Whenyousignupforsportscampsforyourchildren,youmayhavetheintentionofhelpingthemimprovetheirskills.Althoughitisagoalinsportscamps,therearedeeperbenefitsoftakingpartinsportscamps,____36____.

Perseverance(坚持不懈)

Sportscampsfocusondevelopingasenseofdesiretocontinuetogrowbysettingreasonable(合理的)goalsforchildren.____37____Inthisprocess,thequalityofperseveranceisdeveloped.Withperseverance,childrencanfurtherovercomethedifficultiesoflearningskillsanddiscouragementfromtheirinnerheart.

Problem-solvingAbilities

____38____.Whetherchildrenareonthefieldorcourt,theywillfacechallengingproblemstheywillneedtosolveforthemselvesandtheirteam.Bysolvingtheseproblems,theirabilitiesareimproved.

Self-confidence

Thebestwayforchildrentoachieveself-confidenceistohavepositivecoaches.Withcoacheswhoprovideinstructionsinsportscamps,childrencanapplytheirstrengthsandimprovetheirweaknesses.____39____.Whenchildrenachievethings,theirconfidencegrows.

StrategicThinking

Sportscampsintroducedifferentwaystocarryoutstrategicthinking.Forexample,yourchildrenwilllearnhowtoshoottheballperfectlyandhowtokicktheballattheexactforceneededtopassitacrossthefieldorashortdistance.____40____.Instead,they’relearnedthroughtrialanderror(试错).Bypractisingtrickyskills,strategicthinkingisencouraged.

A.Thelifeofsummercampiswonderful

B.Thefollowingarefourbenefitsforyoutoreferto

C.Problem-solvingdoesn'tonlyoccurintheclassroom

D.Thatincludeshelpingchildrendevelopproblem-solvingskills

E.Butthesephysicalstrategiescannotbetaughtwithapaperandpencil

F.Childrencanseetheprogresstheymakewhentheyperformdifferentskills

G.Besides,coachesalsoprovideahealthyamountofpressureforyourchildrentoperformwell

【答案】36.B37.F38.C39.G40.E

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏季运动营对孩子身心发展的四个好处。

【36题详解】

根据空前“Althoughitisagoalinsportscamps，therearedeeperbenefitsoftakingpartinsportscamps,(虽然这是运动营的一个目标，但参加运动营还有更深层次的好处，)”，及下文的小标题“Perseverance(坚持不懈)”，“Problem-solvingAbilities(问题解决能力)”，“Self-confidence(自信)”，“StrategicThinking(战术思维)”可知，设空处承上启下，表明下文将陈述参加运动营的好处，B项“Thefollowingarefourbenefitsforyoutoreferto(以下是四个好处，供大家参考)”符合语境，故选B项。

【37题详解】

根据空前“Sportscampsfocusondevelopingasenseofdesiretocontinuetogrowbysettingreasonable(合理的)goalsforchildren.(运动训练营通过为孩子们设定合理的目标，专注于培养他们不断成长的愿望。)”，F项“Childrencanseetheprogresstheymakewhentheyperformdifferentskills(当孩子们表演不同的技能时，他们可以看到自己的进步)”，F项顺接上文，句中的seetheprogresstheymake与上文的“continuetogrow”相呼应，空后“Inthisprocess,thequalityofperseveranceisdeveloped.(在这个过程中，毅力的品质得到了培养。)”，句中的Inthisprocess指代上文“设定目标——表演技能——看见进步”的过程，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选F项。

【38题详解】

根据本段的小标题Problem-solvingAbilities，及空后“Whetherchildrenareonthefieldorcourt，theywillfacechallengingproblemstheywillneedtosolveforthemselvesandtheirteam.(无论孩子们是在球场上还是在球场上，他们都将面临挑战，他们需要为自己和团队解决问题。)”可知，此段话题为“解决问题的能力”，C项“Problem-solvingdoesn’tonlyoccurintheclassroom(解决问题不仅仅发生在课堂上)”，与下文为并列关系，上下文衔接连贯。故选C项。

【39题详解】

根据空前“Withcoacheswhoprovideinstructionsinsportscamps,childrencanapplytheirstrengthsandimprovetheirweaknesses.(有教练在运动营中提供指导，孩子们可以发挥自己的长处，改进自己的弱点。)”，G项“Besides,coachesalsoprovideahealthyamountofpressureforyourchildrentoperformwell(此外，教练也为你的孩子提供了一个健康的压力，让他们表现得更好)”，G项与上文为并列关系，陈述了运动营中的孩子在教练指导下对自身的认知，空后“Whenchildrenachievethings,theirconfidencegrows.(当孩子们有所成就时，他们的信心就会增长。)”，空后承接上文，为结果。上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选G项。

【40题详解】

根据本段小标题StrategicThinking，以及空前“Forexample，yourchildrenwilllearnhowtoshoottheballperfectlyandhowtokicktheballattheexactforceneededtopassitacrossthefieldorashortdistance.(例如，您的孩子将学习如何完美地射门，以及如何以准确的力量将球踢过场地或短距离。)”，E项“Butthesephysicalstrategiescannotbetaughtwithapaperandpencil(但是这些物理策略不能用纸和笔来教)”，上文与E项为转折关系，及空后“Instead,they’relearnedthroughtrialanderror(试错).(相反，它们是通过尝试和错误来学习的)”，句中的they指代上文的thesephysicalstrategies，下文承接E项。上下文衔接连贯，故选E项。

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Asiscustomaryinmanyculturesaroundtheworld,whenaJapanesecouple____41____ababyintotheworld,relativescometovisitthefamilyand____42____.However,becauseofthepandemicandsocialdistancingrules,thathasn’tbeen____43____lately.Dakigokochi—ricebabies____44____inJapanhavebeenaroundsincetheearly2000s,buttheirpopularityhas____45____onceagainbecauseofCOVID-19.Withrelativesunableto____46____,baby-shapedricebagshavebecomeamuch-neededwayof____47____thejoyofhavingababywith____48____ones.Ricebabiesarebagsofricethatweigh____49____asmuchasthebabiestheyarereplacing,andthathavephotosofthe____50____printedonthem.Theyare____51____torelativessotheycanhugthe“newhuman”whilelookingatapictureofthebaby’sface.

NaruoOno,theownerofariceshop,____52____theideaforricebabies14yearsagowhenhisownsonwasbornandhewasthinkingaboutwhathecoulddoforrelativeswho____53____farawayandcouldn’tcomeandseehim.Hedecidedtomakericebagsthatwerethe____54____shapeandweightasthebaby,and____55____apictureofhimonthem,sotherelativescouldseeandfeelhim.

Oneday,someonesawNaruo’sricebabyinthewindowofhisshopand____56____onhowinterestingitwas.That’swhenhe____57____thattheremightbea____58____forhiscutericebags.Hestartedmakingthemfor____59____andhassincebeenshippingthemalloverJapan.Sincethen,severalcompanieshave____60____hisinvention.

41.A.approvesB.welcomesC.convincesD.chooses

42.A.celebrateB.communicateC.competeD.inquire

43.A.necessaryB.importantC.difficultD.possible

44.A.knownB.taughtC.doneD.kept

45.A.spreadB.delayedC.grownD.decreased

46.A.connectB.visitC.cooperateD.follow

47.A.comparingB.providingC.sharingD.learning

48.A.lovedB.matureC.legalD.suitable

49.A.obviouslyB.surelyC.barelyD.exactly

50.A.babiesB.familyC.parentsD.rice

51.A.soldB.sentC.exposedD.lent

52.A.dependedonB.laughedatC.gotawayfromD.cameupwith

53.A.stoodB.shoppedC.livedD.moved

54.A.differentB.sameC.originalD.common

55.A.printedB.measuredC.handledD.built

56.A.agreedB.calledC.commentedD.discussed

57.A.admiredB.heardC.admittedD.realized

58.A.changeB.trickC.marketD.comfort

59.A.relativesB.customersC.himselfD.children

60.A.criticizedB.judgedC.rememberedD.copied

【答案】41.B42.A43.D44.A45.C46.B47.C48.A49.D50.A51.B52.D53.C54.B55.A56.C57.D58.C59.B60.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了倭国的Dakigokochi米宝宝的来历。

【41题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如世界各地许多文化的惯例一样，当一对倭国夫妇迎来一个婴儿时，亲戚们会来拜访这个家庭并庆祝。A.approves赞成；B.welcomes迎接；C.convinces使信服；D.chooses选择。根据下文“intotheworld”可知，一对倭国夫妇迎来一个婴儿。故选B。

【42题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如世界各地许多文化的惯例一样，当一对倭国夫妇迎来一个婴儿时，亲戚们会来拜访这个家庭并庆祝。A.celebrate庆祝；B.communicate交流；C.compete竞争；D.inquire询问。根据上文“ababyintotheworld”可知，婴儿来到一个家庭是值得庆祝的事情。故选A。

【43题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于疫情和保持社交距离的规定，这最近已经不可能了。A.necessary需要的；B.important重要的；C.difficult困难的；D.possible可能的。根据上文“becauseofthepandemicandsocialdistancingrules”可知，由于疫情和保持社交距离的规定，这最近已经不可能了。故选D。

【44题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在倭国，从21世纪初开始就出现了Dakigokochi——大米宝宝，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，它们的人气再次上升。A.known已知的，知名的；B.taught被教的；C.done完成的；D.kept被收买的。根据下文“havebeenaroundsincetheearly2000s”可知，Dakigokochi是在倭国出名的，空格处用known，表示“为人所熟知”。故选A。

【45题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在倭国，从21世纪初开始就出现了Dakigokochi——大米宝宝，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，它们的人气再次上升。A.spread传播；B.delayed推迟；C.grown增加；D.decreased减少。根据上文“theirpopularity”和下文“onceagain”可知，由于新冠肺炎疫情，它们的人气再次上升，空格处意为“增加”。故选C。

【46题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于亲戚们不能来探望，婴儿形状的米袋成为了一种急需的方式，可以和亲人们分享生孩子的喜悦。A.connect连接；B.visit拜访，作客；C.cooperate合作；D.follow跟随。根据上文“relativescometovisitthefamily”可知，句子表示“由于亲戚们不能来探望”，空格处意为“拜访，作客”。故选B。

【47题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于亲戚们不能来探望，婴儿形状的米袋成为了一种急需的方式，可以和亲人们分享生孩子的喜悦。A.comparing比较；B.providing提供；C.sharing分享；D.learning学习。根据下文“thejoyofhavingababy”可知，是和亲人们分享迎来新生命的喜悦。故选C。

【48题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于亲戚们不能来探望，婴儿形状的米袋成为了一种急需的方式，可以和亲人们分享生孩子的喜悦。A.loved珍爱的；B.mature成熟的；C.legal合法的；D.suitable合适的。根据上文“relativescometovisitthefamilyand____2___”可知，亲戚是受我们喜爱的人，因此空格处是loved。故选A。

【49题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：米宝宝是一种米袋子，它的重量和被替换的婴儿完全一样，上面还印有婴儿的照片。A.obviously显然；B.surely无疑，肯定；C.barely几乎没有；D.exactly恰好，完全。根据下文“asmuchasthebabiestheyarereplacing”可知，它的重量和被替换的婴儿完全一样，空格处是exactly。故选D。

【50题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：米宝宝是一种米袋子，它的重量和被替换的婴儿完全一样，上面还印有婴儿的照片。A.babies婴儿；B.family家人；C.parents父母；D.rice大米。根据下文“lookingatapictureofthebaby’sface”可知，米袋子上面还印有婴儿的照片。故选A。

【51题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们被送到亲戚那里，这样他们就可以一边拥抱“新人类”，一边看着婴儿的照片。A.sold卖；B.sent送，寄出；C.exposed暴露；D.lent借出。根据下文“torelativessotheycanhugthe“newhuman”whilelookingatapictureofthebaby’sface”可知，它们被送到亲戚那里。故选B。

【52题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：NaruoOno是一家米店的老板。14年前，当他的儿子出生时，他想到了“米宝宝”的想法，当时他在想能为那些住得很远、不能来看他的亲戚们做些什么。A.dependedon依靠；B.laughedat嘲笑；C.gotawayfrom逃离；D.cameupwith想出。根据下文“theideaforricebabies”可知，他想到了“米宝宝”的想法。故选D。

【53题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：NaruoOno是一家米店的老板。14年前，当他的儿子出生时，他想到了“米宝宝”的想法，当时他在想能为那些住得很远、不能来看他的亲戚们做些什么。A.stood站立；B.shopped购物；C.lived居住；D.moved移动。根据下文“couldn’tcomeandseehim”可知，当时他在想能为那些住得很远、不能来看他的亲戚们做些什么。故选C。

【54题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他决定制作和婴儿一样的形状和重量的米袋，并在上面印上他的照片，这样亲戚们就可以看到和感觉到他了。A.different不同的；B.same相同的；C.original原先的；D.common常见的。根据上文“baby-shapedricebags”和“Ricebabiesarebagsofricethatweigh____9____asmuchasthebabies”可知，他决定制作和婴儿一样的形状和重量的米袋。故选B。

【55题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定制作和婴儿一样的形状和重量的米袋，并在上面印上他的照片，这样亲戚们就可以看到和感觉到他了。A.printed印；B.measured测量；C.handled处理；D.built建造。根据上文“havephotosofthe____10____printedonthem”可知，米袋上面印上婴儿的照片。故选A。

【56题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，有人在Naruo的商店的橱窗里看到了他的米娃娃，并评论说它是多么有趣。A.agreed同意；B.called打电话；C.commented评论；D.discussed讨论。根据下文“howinterestingitwas”可知，有人在Naruo的商店的橱窗里看到了他的米娃娃，并评论说它是多么有趣。故选C。

【57题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，他意识到他可爱的米袋可能会有市场。A.admired羡慕；B.heard听见；C.admitted承认；D.realized意识到。根据下文“thattheremightbea____18____forhiscutericebags”可知，他意识到他可爱的米袋可能会有市场。故选D。

【58题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，他意识到他可爱的米袋可能会有市场。A.change改变；B.trick窍门；C.market市场；D.comfort安慰。根据下文“Hestartedmakingthemfor____19____andhassincebeenshippingthemalloverJapan.Sincethen,severalcompanieshave____20____hisinvention”可知，他意识到他可爱的米袋可能会有市场。故选C。

【59题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始为顾客制作，从那以后就把它们运往倭国各地。A.relatives亲戚；B.customers顾客；C.himself他自己；D.children孩子们。根据下文“shippingthemalloverJapan”可知，他开始为顾客制作米宝宝。故选B。

【60题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，有几家公司复制了他的发明。A.criticized批评；B.judged判断；C.remembered记得；D.copied复制。根据上文“severalcompanies”可知，有几家公司复制了他的发明。故选D。

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Onlinegroceryshoppingisconvenientandcontinuestogrowinpopularity.Butanewstudy____61____(publish)inPublicHealthNutritionshowsthatmanyonlineproductsdonothaveinformationaboutingredientsornutrition____62____(fact),whichisahugemiss.

Requiredinformationwaspresent,obviousandreadableforonly36.5%ofobservations.____63____isevenmoretroubling,researcherssay,isthatnon-requiredinformation,suchasclaimslike“lowinfat”or“organic”,wasdisplayedon63.5%oftheproducts.

Labelinginformation____64____(be)importantforallconsumerssotheycanmakeinformed(明智的)choiceswhengroceryshopping.Peoplemayusetheinformationlabel____65____(d