2022-2023学年河南省濮阳市高一下学期7月学业质量监测考试（期末）英语试题（原卷版+解析版无听力部分）

第第页2022-2023学年河南省濮阳市高一下学期7月学业质量监测考试（期末）英语试题（原卷版+解析版，无听力部分）高中一年级学业质量监测

英语

(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)

注意事项：

1.答题前,考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡相应位置。笔试不考听力,选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“21”开始。

2.选择题答案必须用2B铅笔规范填涂;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再填涂其它答案标号。非选择题答题时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写。

3.严格在题号所指示的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4.保持答题卡清洁、完整,严禁折叠,严禁在答题卡上作任何标记,严禁使用涂改液或修正带。

第一部分听力(略)

第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

SoutheastHighSchoolStudents’EnglishScoreReport

Student’sname:Javier

Studentnumber:15604088

Schoolyear:2022-2023

Course:English

Term:2(final)

Markbreakdown

Skills/AreaFullmarkPassmarkGainedmarkPass/Fail

Reading201215P

Listening20128F

Writing201214P

Speaking201217P

Grammar/Vocabulary201211P

TOTAL1006065P

Comments

Welldone,Javier,onallyourhardworkthisterm.Youarealwaysactiveinspeakingactivities,andthisisgreat.Ialwaysenjoyrendingyourwelting,too.Youhaveverygoodideas.Youcanseefromyourmarksthatrendingisnotaproblemforyou,

Sometimesyoustillmakesmallgrammarmistakes,andIthinkyoucanimproveyourvocabulary.Irecommendyoureviewmanyofthelanguagepointswehavestudiedthisterm.Thereisextralanguagepracticeinyouronlineworkbook.

Theareayouneedtoworkonmostislistening.Iknowthisisdifficultforyou.Irecommendmorepracticeathome.ListentoEnglishTVshows,podcasts(播客)andradioasmuchaspossible.Icangiveyoualistofthingstolistento.

I’veenjoyedworkingwithyou.Haveaniceholiday,andgoodluckfornextterm!

Teacher’sname:ErinGibbs

Signed:ErinGibbs

1.WhatisJavier’stotalEnglishscoreforthissemester

A65.B.60.C.40.D.35.

2.WhichareaisJaviernotgoodatmost

A.Reading.B.Writing.C.Listening.D.Speaking.

3.WhatdoestheteachersuggestJavierdotoimprovehislistening

AReviewthelanguagepoints.

B.Practiceintheonlineworkbook.

C.Takepartininspeakingactivities.

D.ListentoEnglishTVshows,podcastsandradio.

B

ColinandDonnaCraig-BrownwereworkingintheirNewZealandgardeninlateAugust.Theywereremovingunwantedplantswhentheyfoundsomethingstrange.Afteralittledigging,Colindiscoveredtherewasaverylargepotatogrowinginhisgarden.Andtheyneverplantedpotatoes!

“Wecouldn’tbelieveit,”Donnasaid.“Itwasjusthuge.”Thecoupleworkedthepotatooutofthesoilandbroughtittoascale.Itweighedalmost8kilograms.

Thepotatomaybethelargesteverrecorded.In2023,alargepotatofromGreatBritainweighedjustunder5kilograms.TheNewZealandpotato,nownamedDoug,couldbreaktherecord.TheCraig-BrownsaskedGuinness(吉尼斯)torecognizetheirpotatoasthelargestever.Theyarewaitingtohearfromtheorganization.

ThepotatohasbecomefamousinthetownofHamilton,ColintookDougonwalksroundtheneighborhood,“Weputahatonhim.WeputhimonFacebook,takinghimforawalk,givinghimsomesunshine,”Colinsaid.“It’sallabitoffun.”

Colinsaidhedoesnothaveanyspecialgardeningmethodstopasson.Normally,heandhiswifefertilize(施肥)theirgardenwithwastefromcowsanddriedgrasses.TheCraig-Brownsweregrowingcucumbers(黄瓜)inthatpartofthegarden,sotheydidn’texpecttherewasapotato.Itmayhavebeengrowingfortwoyearsormore.

Thepotatoisgettingalittleoldnow,twomonthsafteritwastakenfromtheground.

Rightnow,itisinthefreezer.

4.Howdidthecouplefeelwhentheyfoundthepotato

A.Satisfied.B.Surprised.C.Thankful.D.Hopeful.

5.Whatdoes“ascale”underlinedinparagraph2referto

A.Atool.B.Aplant.C.Ananimal.D.Aperson.

6Whyhasthepotatobecomefamous

A.Becauseitwon’tgobadeasily.

B.Becauseitisanunexpectedvisitor.

C.Becauseitmaybetwoyearsoldatleast.

D.BecauseitmaybreaktheGuinnessrecord.

7Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext

A.Twoskilfulgardeners.B.ApotatoonFacebook.

C.Thepossiblelargestpotato.D.Aspecialgardeningmethod.

C

Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.TravelingontrainsinChinawasslowanduncomfortable.Withlowaveragespeeds,itwouldtakealongtimetotravelbetweenmajorcitieslikeShanghaiandBeijing.

Today,Chinaalreadyhastheworld’slargestnetworkofhigh-speedrailways.Nofewerthan37,900kilometers(about23,500miles)oflinescrossthecountry,linkingallofitsmajormega-cityclusters(特大城市群),andallhavebeencompletedsince2023,withafurther3,700kilometersduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2023.Thenetworkisexpectedtodoubleinlengthagain,to70,000kilometers,by2035.

Withtrainsreachingspeedsofupto350kphonmanylines,intercitytravelhasbeenchangedandthecontrolofairlineshasbeenbrokenonthebusiestroutes.By2023,75%ofChinesecitieswithapopulationof500,000ormorehadahigh-speedraillink.

Incomparison,Spainhasabout3,218kilometersofhigh-speedraillinesbuiltforoperationatover250kph.Atthesametime,theUKcurrentlyhasjust107kilometerswhiletheUnitedStateshasa735.5kilometersrailwaylineconnectinghighlydevelopedareas.

AsChinaseekstogrowitsinfluenceacrossAsiaandintoEuropeandAfricathroughthesignificant“BeltandRoadInitiative(一带一路倡议)”,railisplayingakeypartincreatingthenew“SilkRoad”itdesires.

Althoughitstrainsarenowamongthefastestintheworld,Chinaisalsospendingsignificantfundsonthedevelopmentofmaglev(磁悬浮)technology,whichwillallowittooperatepassengerservicesatupto620kph－wellbeyondthecurrentlimitsofsteelwheelonsteelrails.

8.HowwasChina’srailwaysystematthebeginningofthe21stcentury

A.Itwastheworld’slargest.

B.Itcovereditsmajorcities.

C.Itwasfastandcomfortable.

D.Itwasslowanduncomfortable.

9.WhatwasthelengthofChina’shigh-speedrailwaynetworkin2023

A.About3,700kilometers.B.About37,900kilometers.

C.About41,600kilometers.D.About70,000kilometers.

10.Whichcountryhasthesecondlargesthigh-speedrailwaynetwork

A.China.B.Spain.C.TheUnitedKingdom.D.TheUnitedStates.

11.WhyisChinaspendingsignificantfundsonmaglevtechnology

A.Becauseitismuchcheaper.

B.Becauseitismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.

C.Becauseitisalreadywidelyusedinothercountries.

D.Becauseitcanbreakthroughthecurrentspeedlimit.

D

Asonlineschoolingtookeffectduringtheinfluenzapandemic(大流感),parentsacrosstheUnitedStatesnotedthatmanychildrendidnothavetheirownlearningareasathome.

Onefather,namedMitchCouch,livesincentralCalifornia.His16-year-olddaughterand9-year-oldsonarebothstudyingfromhome.Andtheykepttakingoverthekitchentablefortheironlineschoollessons,whichgavethefatheranidea—hewouldmakethemtheirowndesks.

Afterseeinghowithelpedhisfamily,hehadathought:Whynotprovideotherchildrenwiththeirowndesks—onesthattheycoulddecoratewithstickersandfunpaint

Hisideawastoshowothershowtobuilddesksfortheirchildren.HemadeaquickYouTubevideotoguideparentsindesk-making.

Thedeskshemadewerechild-size,simpleandnotcostly.Couchsaidthathebuiltchildren’sdesksforabout$20.Hemadethemfromplywood(胶合板).Asinglepieceofplywood,1.2metersby2.4meters,madefourdesks.Healsoaddedabuilt-inareaforbooksandpapers.Itwasasimplestructure(结构),butitworked.

Leadersofawoodstoresawhisvideoonline.Theyofferedtoprovidematerialsifhewouldbuildmore.Theyalsocontactedlocalschoolofficialstohelpstudentsinneed.

Thefirstorderwasforaround20desks.Butitquicklyincreasedatleast50more.

Onarecentday,Couchwasbuildingmorethan10desksinanareaoutsideofhishouse.Hehasmademanyofthesedesks.So,hecanbuildoneinjustabout15minutes.

Hehasreceivedmanythank-youmessagesandpicturesfromparents.Someparentssaidthattheirchildrenwere“doingbetterandfocusingmore”becausetheyhavetheirownspace.

12.WhatwasCouch’spurposeofmakingdesksforchildren

A.toreceivemanythanks.B.togivethemlearningareas.

C.tocheerthemupathome.D.toshowdesk-makingskills.

13.HowdidMitchCouchhelpotherparentsatfirst

A.Bycollectingmoney.B.Byprovidingmaterials.

CBysharingaguidingvideo.D.Byansweringquestions.

14.WhichwordbestdescribesthedeskdesignedbyMitchCouch

A.Heavy.B.Practical.C.Large.D.Smart.

15.What’sthemainideaofthetext

A.Makingdesksforchildrenhelpsalot.

B.Agoodskillwillneverbeoutoftime.

C.Onlineschoolinghassomesideeffects.

D.Confidenceisthemostimportantthing.

第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

WhenspeakingEnglish,weusuallytranslatewordsfromournativelanguageinourheadandittakesusalotoftimejusttospeakasimplesentence.____16____DoyouwanttospeakEnglishfluentlyandnaturallyThefollowingstepswillhelpyou.

Step1:____17____

Thinksmallfirst.Imeanthinkinwords,onlysimplewords.Thelearningofyourmothertonguestartswithsimplewordslike“dad”“table”“blue”andsoon.____18____.TrytosayeverythingyouseeinEnglish,onlyEnglish.Later,inaconversation,thepictureofarealtablewilldirectlyremindyouoftheword“table”.

Step2:Thinkinsentences

Thisstepneedsmoretimeandeffort.Butit’sworthit.____19____,suchas“It’satable.”“Ihaveatable.”“Thetableisblue.”,etc.Justdoitstepbystepanddaybyday.Don’tjumptolongsentencesifyou’reabeginner.Otherwise,you’llbeletdown.

Step3:Thinkinconversations

_____20_____.Somesuggestedtopicsmaybeyourdailyactivities:family,friends,school,dream,favorites,andsomethingsimilar.Whenyouaresurethatyoucanexpressacompletethought,makeconversationswithothers.

A.Thinkinwords

B.Trytosaylongsentences

C.JusttrydoingthisinEnglish

D.Doesthissoundfamiliartoyou

E.SpeakEnglishasmuchaspossible

F.Startwithsimpleandshortsentences

G.Makeconversationswithyourselffirst

第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Tomwasadriver.Oneday,hewastiredafteraday’sdriving.Onthewayhome,henoticedawomancarryingaboyinherarms,whowasrushing(冲)toeverycarpassingbyandtryingto____21____one.Herbehaviorwasso____22____thatshemightbehit.Butmanydriverscouldbefrightenedbyher____23____,andnoonewaswillingtostop.Shewasso____24____thatTomsloweddownandwantedtofindoutthe____25____.

“CanIhelpyou,madam”Tomasked.Thewoman____26____andsaid,“Pleasegotothenearesthospitalimmediately.”Later,Tomlearnedthatwoman’schildPeterwassufferingaheavyfever.Withouthesitation,Tom____27____againsttimeanddrovethemallthewaytohospital.Peterwassentinsidefor____28____.Halfanhourlater,thedoctorsaid,“Mrs.Thomas,yoursonisoutofdangernow.”Mrs.Thomasgaveabreath,____29____andturnedtoTom,thankinghimandtryingtopaytwicebutherefuseditandsaid“Nomoneyforthosemakingtripstothehospital.Thisismy_____30_____.”

Fifteenyearslater,retiredTom_____31_____ataxitohospitalforatest.Inthecar,theyoungdriversaid,“Sir,allthetripstothehospitalare_____32_____.”Tomcouldn’tunderstand,askingforthereason.Theyoungmanreplied,“BecauseataxidriveroncesavedmewhenIhadafeverandhenever_____33_____meforthetriptohospital.His_____34_____inspiredmetodolikethis.”“What’syourname”“MynameisPeter.”

Tomdidn’tspeak,butwithtearsineyeshewas_____35_____bytheyoungman’sactionaswellashis.

21.A.testB.stopC.inviteD.ride

22.A.pleasantB.rudeC.dangerousD.polite

23.A.madnessB.happinessC.sadnessD.illness

24.A.helplessB.meaninglessC.carelessD.restless

25.A.timeB.placeC.wayD.reason

26.A.smiledB.noddedC.criedD.stayed

27.A.walkedB.jumpedC.stoodD.raced

28.A.restB.lifeC.treatmentD.exercise

29.A.inangerB.inuseC.inreliefD.invain

30.A.abilityB.requestC.orderD.principle

31.A.bookedB.borrowedC.boughtD.stole

32.A.expensiveB.cheapC.freeD.long

33.A.chargedB.offeredC.askedD.applied

34.A.politenessB.kindnessC.braveryD.honesty

35.A.surprisedB.tiredC.excitedD.moved

第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Myfriendisavolunteerworkinginacharityshop.Heandhispartnershelpcollectfoodfromdonors____36____(regular).TheyoftenpreparelunchforthoseinneedeverySunday.Lastyearduringthepandemic,manypeoplelostjobsandsomeevencouldn’tmake____37____(end)meet,unabletolive____38____normallife.Once,heaskedme____39____(go)totheshoptohelp.

AtfirstIwasunwillingtogobecause____40____myownbusiness,butintheendhemanagedtopersuademe.After____41____(arrive)there,webegantogiveoutfoodtopeoplewaitingthere.

Themorefoodwegave,themorepeopletherewouldbe.However,____42____wasreallyhappytoseethesmilesontheirfaces.They____43____(keep)saying”thankyou"tous,whichmadeadeep____44____(impress)onme.Fromthenon,Irealizethathappinesssometimesdoesn’tlieinreceivinghowmuch,_____45_____liesingivinghowmuch.

第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46.假定你们班上周举行了一次主题班会“ABeautifulCampus”，大家在班会上就创建美丽校园环境进行了积极地讨论，请你向校英文报写一篇通讯稿，内容包括：

1.班会目的；2.如何创建；3.对大家的呼吁。

注意：1.词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ABeautifulCampus

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第二节(满分25分)

47.阅读下面材料,根据共内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Christmaswasapproaching,butIstillhadn’tpreparedagiftformywife,Susan;Susanwasgoodatplanningthings,soshewouldhavethoughtfulgiftsforeveryonelongbeforeChristmas.Ialwayshadexcusesforbeinglateforthepreparationforgifs.

Thistime,inmydefense(辩解),ImustaddthatwehadjustmovedtoItalyandwerestillunready.WhileSusanwasawayonbusiness,IcontinuedworkingonthehouseandcaredforMolly,Susan’sbelovedcat.IkeptMollyindoorsmostofthetimeandplannedtointroducehertotheoutdoorsslowly.ButMollyobviouslyhadotherideas.Onedaysherushedoutandwasgone.Shewasn’tfamiliarwiththenewplace,whichworriedme.

NorthernItalyisreasonablywarm,soshewouldn’tfeelverycold,Butshemighthavetohandleotherferal(野生的)cats.OurholidayswouldbeaffectedifMollywasn’tbackbeforeChristmas.Therefore,ImadeaposterwithsomewordsofMolly,ahurrieddrawingandapromisedpayback.Soonpeoplevisitedmewithmanykindsofferalcatsbecauseofmyuncleardrawingorthereward(报酬)Ioffered.Icouldneverturnawayahungryanimal.Somanycatsmovedintoouryardsoon.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Susan’sdailycallscontinued,andsodidmydailysearches.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Whenapproachingourhome,Susanshoutedhappily.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________高中一年级学业质量监测

英语

(考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分)

注意事项：

1.答题前,考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡相应位置。笔试不考听力,选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“21”开始。

2.选择题答案必须用2B铅笔规范填涂;如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再填涂其它答案标号。非选择题答题时,必须使用0.5毫米的黑色签字笔书写。

3.严格在题号所指示的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。

4.保持答题卡清洁、完整,严禁折叠,严禁在答题卡上作任何标记,严禁使用涂改液或修正带。

第一部分听力(略)

第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

SoutheastHighSchoolStudents’EnglishScoreReport

Student’sname:Javier

Studentnumber:15604088

Schoolyear:2022-2023

Course:English

Term:2(final)

Markbreakdown

Skills/AreaFullmarkPassmarkGainedmarkPass/Fail

Reading201215P

Listening20128F

Writing201214P

Speaking201217P

Grammar/Vocabulary201211P

TOTAL1006065P

Comments

Welldone,Javier,onallyourhardworkthisterm.Youarealwaysactiveinspeakingactivities,andthisisgreat.Ialwaysenjoyrendingyourwelting,too.Youhaveverygoodideas.Youcanseefromyourmarksthatrendingisnotaproblemforyou,

Sometimesyoustillmakesmallgrammarmistakes,andIthinkyoucanimproveyourvocabulary.Irecommendyoureviewmanyofthelanguagepointswehavestudiedthisterm.Thereisextralanguagepracticeinyouronlineworkbook.

Theareayouneedtoworkonmostislistening.Iknowthisisdifficultforyou.Irecommendmorepracticeathome.ListentoEnglishTVshows,podcasts(播客)andradioasmuchaspossible.Icangiveyoualistofthingstolistento.

I’veenjoyedworkingwithyou.Haveaniceholiday,andgoodluckfornextterm!

Teacher’sname:ErinGibbs

Signed:ErinGibbs

1.WhatisJavier’stotalEnglishscoreforthissemester

A.65.B.60.C.40.D.35.

2.WhichareaisJaviernotgoodatmost

A.Reading.B.Writing.C.Listening.D.Speaking.

3WhatdoestheteachersuggestJavierdotoimprovehislistening

A.Reviewthelanguagepoints.

B.Practiceintheonlineworkbook.

C.Takepartininspeakingactivities.

D.ListentoEnglishTVshows,podcastsandradio.

【答案】1A2.C3.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇图表式说明文。文章是一张来自学生哈维尔的成绩单，其中包括了他各项课程的成绩及老师对他的听、说、读、写、词汇及语法各项能力的评价。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据Markbreakdown标题下中的表格最后一行TOTAL一栏中的“Gainedmark”（得分）可知，哈维尔这学期的英语总分是65分。故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Markbreakdown标题下中的表格中的“Listening”一项中的“Gainedmark”（得分）可知，哈维尔这学期的听力只得到8分，是所有科目中得分最低的，也就是他最不擅长的科目是听力。故选C项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Comments标题下“Irecommendmorepracticeathome.ListentoEnglishTVshows,podcasts(播客)andradioasmuchaspossible.”（我建议在家多练习，尽可能多听英语电视节目、播客和广播）可知，老师建议哈维尔通过收听英语电视节目、播客和广播等方式提高听力。故选D项。

B

ColinandDonnaCraig-BrownwereworkingintheirNewZealandgardeninlateAugust.Theywereremovingunwantedplantswhentheyfoundsomethingstrange.Afteralittledigging,Colindiscoveredtherewasaverylargepotatogrowinginhisgarden.Andtheyneverplantedpotatoes!

“Wecouldn’tbelieveit,”Donnasaid.“Itwasjusthuge.”Thecoupleworkedthepotatooutofthesoilandbroughtittoascale.Itweighedalmost8kilograms.

Thepotatomaybethelargesteverrecorded.In2023,alargepotatofromGreatBritainweighedjustunder5kilograms.TheNewZealandpotato,nownamedDoug,couldbreaktherecord.TheCraig-BrownsaskedGuinness(吉尼斯)torecognizetheirpotatoasthelargestever.Theyarewaitingtohearfromtheorganization.

ThepotatohasbecomefamousinthetownofHamilton,ColintookDougonwalksroundtheneighborhood,“Weputahatonhim.WeputhimonFacebook,takinghimforawalk,givinghimsomesunshine,”Colinsaid.“It’sallabitoffun.”

Colinsaidhedoesnothaveanyspecialgardeningmethodstopasson.Normally,heandhiswifefertilize(施肥)theirgardenwithwastefromcowsanddriedgrasses.TheCraig-Brownsweregrowingcucumbers(黄瓜)inthatpartofthegarden,sotheydidn’texpecttherewasapotato.Itmayhavebeengrowingfortwoyearsormore.

Thepotatoisgettingalittleoldnow,twomonthsafteritwastakenfromtheground.

Rightnow,itisinthefreezer.

4.Howdidthecouplefeelwhentheyfoundthepotato

A.Satisfied.B.Surprised.C.Thankful.D.Hopeful.

5.Whatdoes“ascale”underlinedinparagraph2referto

A.Atool.B.Aplant.C.Ananimal.D.Aperson.

6.Whyhasthepotatobecomefamous

A.Becauseitwon’tgobadeasily.

B.Becauseitisanunexpectedvisitor.

C.Becauseitmaybetwoyearsoldatleast.

D.BecauseitmaybreaktheGuinnessrecord.

7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext

A.Twoskilfulgardeners.B.ApotatoonFacebook.

C.Thepossiblelargestpotato.D.Aspecialgardeningmethod.

【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了新西兰的克雷格·布朗夫妻在自家的花园里发现一个大土豆，重量几乎有8公斤，他们将为它申请吉尼斯世界记录的故事。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段““Wecouldn’tbelieveit,”Donnasaid.”（“我们简直不敢相信，”唐娜说）可知，当这对夫妻发现土豆时他们感到惊讶。故选B项。

【5题详解】

词义猜测题。根据第二段划线单词后的“Itweighedalmost8kilograms.”（它重达近8公斤）可知，克雷格·布朗夫妻在称重土豆后发现它有8公斤，推断出划线部分的“ascale”是一种用来称重的工具。故选A项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“TheNewZealandpotato,nownamedDoug,couldbreaktherecord.TheCraig-BrownsaskedGuinness(吉尼斯)torecognizetheirpotatoasthelargestever.”（现在被命名为Doug的新西兰土豆可能会打破纪录。克雷格·布朗夫妇要求吉尼斯承认他们的土豆是有史以来最大的）可知，这个土豆出名的原因是因为它有可能打破吉尼斯记录。故选D项。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第三段“TheNewZealandpotato,nownamedDoug,couldbreaktherecord.TheCraig-BrownsaskedGuinness(吉尼斯)torecognizetheirpotatoasthelargestever.”（现在被命名为Doug的新西兰土豆可能会打破纪录。克雷格·布朗夫妇要求吉尼斯承认他们的土豆是有史以来最大的）可知，本文围绕着新西兰的克雷格·布朗夫妻在自家的花园里发现一个重量几乎有8公斤的大土豆，讲述了他们为了这个土豆打算申请吉尼斯纪录，并因此在当地出名的事情，因此C项“可能最大的土豆”符合题意。故选C项。

C

Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.TravelingontrainsinChinawasslowanduncomfortable.Withlowaveragespeeds,itwouldtakealongtimetotravelbetweenmajorcitieslikeShanghaiandBeijing.

Today,Chinaalreadyhastheworld’slargestnetworkofhigh-speedrailways.Nofewerthan37,900kilometers(about23,500miles)oflinescrossthecountry,linkingallofitsmajormega-cityclusters(特大城市群),andallhavebeencompletedsince2023,withafurther3,700kilometersduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2023.Thenetworkisexpectedtodoubleinlengthagain,to70,000kilometers,by2035.

Withtrainsreachingspeedsofupto350kphonmanylines,intercitytravelhasbeenchangedandthecontrolofairlineshasbeenbrokenonthebusiestroutes.By2023,75%ofChinesecitieswithapopulationof500,000ormorehadahigh-speedraillink.

Incomparison,Spainhasabout3,218kilometersofhigh-speedraillinesbuiltforoperationatover250kph.Atthesametime,theUKcurrentlyhasjust107kilometerswhiletheUnitedStateshasa735.5kilometersrailwaylineconnectinghighlydevelopedareas.

AsChinaseekstogrowitsinfluenceacrossAsiaandintoEuropeandAfricathroughthesignificant“BeltandRoadInitiative(一带一路倡议)”,railisplayingakeypartincreatingthenew“SilkRoad”itdesires.

Althoughitstrainsarenowamongthefastestintheworld,Chinaisalsospendingsignificantfundsonthedevelopmentofmaglev(磁悬浮)technology,whichwillallowittooperatepassengerservicesatupto620kph－wellbeyondthecurrentlimitsofsteelwheelonsteelrails.

8.HowwasChina’srailwaysystematthebeginningofthe21stcentury

A.Itwastheworld’slargest.

B.Itcovereditsmajorcities.

C.Itwasfastandcomfortable.

D.Itwasslowanduncomfortable.

9.WhatwasthelengthofChina’shigh-speedrailwaynetworkin2023

A.About3,700kilometers.B.About37,900kilometers.

C.About41,600kilometers.D.About70,000kilometers.

10Whichcountryhasthesecondlargesthigh-speedrailwaynetwork

A.China.B.Spain.C.TheUnitedKingdom.D.TheUnitedStates.

11.WhyisChinaspendingsignificantfundsonmaglevtechnology

A.Becauseitismuchcheaper.

B.Becauseitismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.

C.Becauseitisalreadywidelyusedinothercountries.

D.Becauseitcanbreakthroughthecurrentspeedlimit.

【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的铁路运输发展情况，中家已拥有世界上最大的高速铁路网并为了提升列车速度而致力于磁悬浮技术的研究。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Atthebeginningofthe21stcenturyChinahadnohigh-speedrailways.TravelingontrainsinChinawasslowanduncomfortable.”（在21世纪初，中国还没有高速铁路。在中国坐火车旅行既慢又不舒服。）可知，21世纪初的中国铁路系统既慢又不舒服。故选D项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Nofewerthan37,900kilometers(about23,500miles)oflinescrossthecountry,linkingallofitsmajormega-cityclusters(特大城市群),andallhavebeencompletedsince2023,withafurther3,700kilometersduetoopeninthecomingmonthsof2023.”（不少于37900公里（约23500英里）的线路横穿全国，连接全国所有主要的特大城市群，自2023年以来，所有线路都已完工，另外3700公里将在2023年的几个月开通。）可知，到2023年除了之前的37900公里的线路之外还有3700公里将在2023年开通，总计为37900+3700=41600公里。故选C项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“Incomparison,Spainhasabout3,218kilometersofhigh-speedraillinesbuiltforoperationatover250kph.Atthesametime,theUKcurrentlyhasjust107kilometerswhiletheUnitedStateshasa735.5kilometersrailwaylineconnectinghighlydevelopedareas.”（相比之下，西班牙拥有约3218公里的高速铁路线路，运营速度超过250公里/小时。与此同时，英国目前只有107公里，而米国有735.5公里的铁路线路连接高度发达地区。）可知，通过数据的对比西班牙是拥有第二大高速铁路网的国家。故选B项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Withtrainsreachingspeedsofupto350kphonmanylines,intercitytravelhasbeenchangedandthecontrolofairlineshasbeenbrokenonthebusiestroutes.”（随着许多线路的列车速度达到350公里/小时，城际旅行发生了变化，航空公司对最繁忙线路的控制也被打破。）及最后一段“Althoughitstrainsarenowamongthefastestintheworld,Chinaisalsospendingsignificantfundsonthedevelopmentofmaglev(磁悬浮)technology,whichwillallowittooperatepassengerservicesatupto620kph－wellbeyondthecurrentlimitsofsteelwheelonsteelrails.”（尽管中国的列车目前是世界上速度最快的列车之一，但中国也在磁悬浮技术的发展上投入了大量资金，这将使其能够以620公里/小时的速度运营客运服务，远远超过目前钢轨上钢轮的限制。）可知，中国目前的列车速度达到350公里/小时，而磁悬浮技术将使其能够以620公里/小时的速度运行，推断出中国在磁悬浮技术的发展上投入了大量资金是因为它可以突破现在的速度限制。故选D项。

D

Asonlineschoolingtookeffectduringtheinfluenzapandemic(大流感),parentsacrosstheUnitedStatesnotedthatmanychildrendidnothavetheirownlearningareasathome.

Onefather,namedMitchCouch,livesincentralCalifornia.His16-year-olddaughterand9-year-oldsonarebothstudyingfromhome.Andtheykepttakingoverthekitchentablefortheironlineschoollessons,whichgavethefatheranidea—hewouldmakethemtheirowndesks.

Afterseeinghowithelpedhisfamily,hehadathought:Whynotprovideotherchildrenwiththeirowndesks—onesthattheycoulddecoratewithstickersandfunpaint

Hiside