2022届河南省好教育联盟普通高校招生全国统一考试猜题压轴卷英语试题（含解析）

第第页2022届河南省好教育联盟普通高校招生全国统一考试猜题压轴卷英语试题（含解析）2022届河南省好教育联盟普通高校招生全国统一考试猜题压轴卷英语试题

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解

WhereToGoOnSpringBreak,BasedOnYourZodiacSign(星座)

Springbreakisjustaroundthecorner.It'stimetogetyourtravelplansinorder.Hereisasimpleguidethattellsyouexactlywheretogoonspringbreakthisyear,allbasedonyourzodiacsign.

Pisces,YouLoveToBeByTheWater

GotoPisces—thewater!Youcansimplysit,relax,andenjoythesaltyairandsomedeliciousMediterraneanfood.Elafonisos,anislandoffthecoastofGreecewithunbelievablebeaches,isyouridealdestination.Thepopulationissmall,butitgetsverycrowdedduringthesummermonths,sospringisyourbestopportunitytotakeitallin.

Taurus,TruthOrConsequences,NewMexicoWillBeYourJam

Yes,TruthorConsequencesistherealnameofthisridiculouslyaffordablespatown.

Indulgeinyourloveofallthingsluxurybysimplyspendingafewdaysbeingpampered.RoomsatBlackstoneHotSpringsbeginataveryreasonable$85anight.That'srelaxinginandofitself.

Gemini,NairobiLiterallyHasItAll

Gemini,whenitcomestoplanningatrip,youoftenhaveadifficulttimechoosingbetweenacityandsomewildlife.Well,ifyouheadtocapitalcityNairobi,Kenya,youwon'thavetodecide.Alongwitharichnightlife,youcanheadtoNairobiNationalPark,abreedinggroundforblackrhinosthatalsohappenstobeknownasAfrica'ssafaricapital.

PlanYourWayToParis,Virgo

Yourunatightship,Virgo,butthegorgeouscityofPariswillhaveenoughhistoryandarttokeepyouwalkingandshoppinguntilyourheart'scontent.Sitbackanddelightinthedelectablecuisineforwhich“thecityoflights”isknown.

Enjoyyourtrips,myfriends!

1．WhyisspringthebesttimetovisitElafonisos

A．Itiswarmthen.B．Itistheleastcrowdedthen.

C．Therearespotsforrelaxationthen.D．Therearen'ttoomanyvisitorsthen.

2．WhatcanvisitorsenjoyatTaurus

A．Spainthesprings.B．Theviewofwildlife.

C．Freshaironthebeach.D．DeliciousMediterraneanfood.

3．WhatmakesNairobispecial

A．Acitywithenoughhistoryandart.B．Anidealdestinationforspringtrips.

C．Themixtureofcitylifeandwildlife.D．Thepopularityas“thecityoflights”.

Twoweeksago,Ihadanamazingtriptomyfriend'shouseinSerawai.Serawaiisthenameofasub-districtinSintangRegency,Indonesia.

Atthattime,Iwaswarmlywelcomedbypeacefulgreenyard.Mytripwasfullofunforgettablemoments:greatpeople,deliciousfood,newcultures.However,whatleftaremarkableimpressiononmewasmeetingupwithmyfriend'sdad,Fx.Ngawan.HeisnowworkingasaneducationsupervisorinSintangRegency.

Atourfirstencounter,helookslikeatypicalDayaknesemanwithdarkskin.AshementionedthatheusedtobeanEnglishteacher,wediscoveredwewereamatch!IamanEnglishteachermyself.Moreimportantly,heisalanguageenthusiastandahyperpolyglot(超级多语者).Duringthetalk,weoftenswitchedfromonelanguagetotheothersuchasIndonesian,English,JavanesetoAhe.Heisnowfluentinatleast15languagesandmostofthemarelocallanguages.

Whenhewasassignedtobeateacherandeducationsupervisor,hehadtogoallthewayromSerawaisub-districttoSintangRegencybymotorcycle,ridingabout170kmbymotorcycle.Thetripcantakesixhoursifthedayisbrightandsunny.However,itisnotuncommonforhimtospendthreetosevendaysforthejourneyiftherainingseasoncomes.Therefore,hehastostopatsomevillagesifhecan'tcontinuethetripandmeetupwithpeoplewithsomanydifferentlanguagesalongtheway.So,wheneverhestopsinaparticularvillage,helearnsadifferentlanguage.Forhim,learninglanguageshelpshimtoconnectwithpeople.

Inourlasttalk,hehighlighted(强调)theimportanceoflearninglanguages.HehopeshattheyoungergenerationinIndonesiastartrealizingthatlanguageisthegatetoopenupsomanyopportunities.Locallanguagesarefacingdisappearancebecausemorepeopleareleavingitbehind.Whenpeoplestopspeakingthelanguages,theknowledgeandculturefromthatlanguagewillalsodisappear.

4．WhatdotheauthorandNgawanhaveincommon

A．BeingTypicalDayaknesepeople.B．Beingahyperpolyglot.

C．BeingEnglishteachers.D．Masteringseverallanguages.

5．HowwasNgawan'smotorcycletrip

A．Difficult.B．Instructive.

C．Exciting.D．Interesting.

6．WhatbenefitdidNgawangetinhislongtrip

A．Hegotenoughrest.B．Helearnedsomelanguages.

C．Hedidmuchexercise.D．Hemademanyfriends.

7．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph

A．Learninglanguagesisn'taneasyjob.

B．Youngpeopledon'tgraspopportunities.

C．Locallanguagesarebeingmoreimportant.

D．Languagesandculturearecloselyrelated.

In1938,SoichiroHondastartedalittleworkshop,developingtheconceptofthepistonring(活塞环).

HisplanwastoselltheideatoToyota.Helaborednightandday.Finally,camethedayhecompletedhispistonringandwasabletotakeaworkingsampletoToyota,onlytobetoldthattheringsdidnotmeettheirstandards!

Ratherthanfocusonhisfailure,hecontinuedworkingtowardshisgoal.Then,aftertwomoreyearsofstruggleandredesign,hewonacontractwithToyota.

Bynow,theJapanesegovernmentwasgearingupforwar!Withthecontractinhand,SoichiroHondaneededtobuildafactorytosupplyToyota,butbuildingmaterialswereinshortsupply.Heinventedanewconcrete-makingprocessthatenabledhimtobuildthefactory.

Withthefactorynowbuilt,hewasreadyforproduction,butthefactorywasbombedtwiceandsteelbecameunavailable,too.HestartedcollectinggasolinecansdiscardedbyUSfighters—“GiftsfromPresidentTruman,”hecalledthem,whichbecamethenewrawmaterialsforhisrebuiltmanufacturingprocess.

Afterthewar,anextremegasolineshortageforcedpeopletowalkorusebicycles.Hondabuiltatinyengineandattachedittohisbicycle.Hisneighborswantedone,andalthoughhetried,materialscouldnotbefoundandhewasunabletosupplythedemand.

SoichiroHondawroteto18,000bicycleshopownersand,inaninspiringletter,askedthemtohelphimrevitalize(复兴)Japan.5,000respondedandadvancedhimwhatlittlemoneytheycouldtobuildhistinybicycleengines.Thesmallengine“TheSuperCub”becamearealityandwasasuccess.WithsuccessinJapan,HondabeganexportinghisbicycleenginestoEuropeandAmerica.

Inthe1970stherewasanothergasshortage,thistimeinAmericaandautomotivefashionturnedtosmallcars.Hondawasquicktopickuponthetrend.Expertsnowinsmallenginedesign,thecompanystartedmakingtinycars,androdeanotherwaveofsuccess.

Today,HondaCorporationemploysover100,000peopleintheUSAandJapan,andisoneoftheworld’slargestautomobilecompanies.Hondasucceededbecauseonemanmadeatrulycommitteddecision,acteduponit,andmadeadjustmentsonacontinuousbasis.Failurewassimplynotconsideredapossibility.

8．WhichisthemajorobstaclethatSoichiroHondaoftenmetwithonhiswaytosuccess

A．Alackoffinancialassistance.B．Ashortageofrawmaterials.

C．Toyota’sbreakingcontracts.D．Highstandardsofcustomercare.

9．Whatisthe“GiftsfromPresidentTruman”accordingtoSoichiroHonda

A．USfighters.B．Steelproducts.

C．Gasolinecans.D．Americancompanies.

10．WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribeSoichiroHonda

A．Stubbornanddown-to-earth.B．Optimisticandorganized.

C．Ambitiousandbroad-minded.D．Determinedandpersistent.

11．WhatcanwelearnfromSoichiroHonda’sstory

A．Successis99%failure.B．Everycloudhasasilverlining.

C．Romewasnotbuiltinaday.D．Opportunityknocksonlyonce.

Workingatadeskalldaymaynotbeasbadforyourhealthassittinginfrontofatelevisionafterwork.ThatisafindingofanewstudydoneintheUnitedStates.

JeanetteGarcia,aresearcherattheUniversityofCentralFloridainOrlando,ledthestudy.

“We’vebeenhearingmoreandmoreabouthowsittingisthenewsmoking.Previousevidencesuggestsarelationshipbetweenhealthproblemsandtimespentsitting.Aslongasyoureduceanytypeofsitting,thenthat’shelpfulinimprovinghealth,”shesaid.

“Thisstudy,however,suggeststhatthismaynotbethecase,andthatweshouldfocusmoreonleisuretimesitting,mainlytelevisionviewingtime,ratherthansitting,ingeneral,”sheadded.

Thestudyfollowedcloseto3,600African-Americanadults.Almostone-thirdofthemwatchedTVformorethanfourhoursaday.Alittlemorethanone-thirdofthesubjectsspentbetweentwoandfourhoursadaysittinginfrontoftheTV.TheremainingthirdwatchedTVforlessthantwohoursaday.

Researchersfollowedthegroupforanaverageof8.4years.Duringthestudy,205ofthesubjectsdiedand129otherssufferedaheartattackorparedtopeoplewhowatchedlessthantwohoursoftelevisiondaily,thosewhospentmorethanfourhoursinfrontoftheTVwere49percentmorelikelytodieorhaveaheartattackorstroke.

Thestudyhadsomelimitations,however.LinYangisaresearcherattheUniversityofCalgaryinCanada.ShesaysitispossiblethatsittinginfrontoftheTVmightbeworsethansittingatadeskbecausepeoplesnackwhiletheyarewatchingTV.Somepeoplesimplystayuptoolateanddonotgetenoughsleep.Eatingtreatsorlackofsleepcouldbothcauseweightgainandincreaseriskfactorsforheartdisease.Thesefactorscouldmakepeoplemorelikelytodieearly,sheadded.

ArchMainous,aresearcherattheUniversityofFloridainGainesville,saidinanemailthatitwouldbeamistakeforpeoplewithdeskjobstothinkthereisnoneedtogetmovingduringtheworkday.Takethestairsratherthantheelevator,ortakeawalkatlunch,Mainousadvised.“Leisuretimephysicalactivityisdefinitelybeneficial,butwalkingonsomemorestepsintheworkdayshouldalsobeencouraged.”

12．WhatcanwelearnaboutJeanetteGarcia’sstudy

A．Notallformsofsittingareequallybadforhealth.

B．Reducingtimespentsittingisaneffectivewaytoimprovehealth.

C．49%ofthosewhospentmorethanfourhourswatchingTVdailywereunhealthy.

D．It’sthefirststudyeverindicatingtherelationshipbetweenhealthproblemsandsitting.

13．WhichofthefollowingmayLinYangagreewith

A．SittinginfrontoftheTVisnotthatharmful.

B．Peoplemayaswellavoiddoingjobsatadesk.

C．HealthriskshavenothingtodowithTVviewing.

D．Snacksandlackofsleepmaybetoblameforearlydeath.

14．AsArchMainoussuggested,whatshouldanofficeworkerdo

A．Taketheelevatortosavetime.

B．Participateinmoreactivities.

C．Getmovingduringtheworkday.

D．Takeawalktoloseweight.

15．Whatisthistextmostlikelyfrom

A．Aposter.B．Atextbook.

C．Aguidebook.D．Amagazine.

二、七选五

Don’tsay“Cheese”,makeaV!

V-signisacommonsightininformal,funphotosofpeople.It’sagesturethatsays“Ifeelhappy.Thingsareokay.Lifeisgood.”16

IntheWest,theV-signhasanassociationwithWinstonChurchill.Churchillflashedthesigntostandfor“Victory”toboosttheconfidenceandcheerfulnessoftheBritishduringWorldWarII.Thisgaveustheimpressivegesturethatisnowknownallaroundtheworld.

InAsia,theV-signfirstbecamepopularinJapaninthe1970sandquicklyspreadtoChinaandSouthKorea.17ThefirstconcernsaniceskaternamedJanetLynn.Lynncompetedatthe1972WinterOlympicsinJapanandwasahugehitwiththeJapaneseviewers.Shesufferedanembarrassingfallduringoneofherroutinesbutsheremainedsmilingthroughout.18Offtherink（溜冰场）,LynnoftenflashedtheV-signtophotographers.It’sthoughtthatLynn’spopularityatthistimesparkedtheJapaneseloveoftheV-sign.

ThesecondtheorywasputforwardbyJapaneseentertainmentshowDowntownDXwhichdiscoveredthatapopularactornamedJunInouestarredinaseriesofcommercialsforKonicacameras,alsoin1972.19Indoingso,itisbelievedJunInouestartedthetrendofmakingtheV-signwhenposingforphotographsinJapan.

20It’salldowntotheiceskaterwhofellonherbuttora1970scameracommercial.Probably.

A．DoyouliketomakeaV-signwhentakingaphoto

B．Therearetwotheoriesastowhyitbecamesopopular.

C．ThesecommercialsallfeaturedpeoplemakingtheV-sign.

D．StudiesshowthatChineselikethisgesturemorethanothers.

E．ButhaveyoueverwonderedwhyitispopulartomakeaV-sign

F．Sothereyouhaveit,that’showthewholeV-signthingstartedinJapan.

G．Thus,herpositivespiritmadeherpopularinacountryofOlympicfever.

三、完形填空

Ijusthadtwolovelyconversationswithmylong-termfriends.First,Iwaspleasedtohavean21meetingwithBryan.He’sCEOofagovernmentagencyandoneofthefirstpeopleI22whenImovedtoMedicineHat.I23toworkthatmorningsixteenyearsagoandhequicklybeganintroducingmetootheremployees.His24wasappreciatedandwebeganaclosefriendshiprightthenashegavemeacomfortable25inmynewworkplace.

OverthenextfewyearsBryanwould26meattheoffice.Thereweremanytimeswhenwelaughed27.Wedidn’tseeeachothervery28afterImovedonwithothercareerpaths.Laterthisafternoon,weunexpectedlymetatastoreandstoodinthecoldbesideour29intheparkinglotforanhour.We30memoriesandinspiredeachotherwithtalesofourexperiences.

OnedayIsawthelightonmyphone31andthenheardthesweetmessageleftformebyanother32Chris,whohasbeeninmylifesince1973.He’sreturnedtoretireand33inhishometownofWhitewood,wherewefirstmet.Thoughnothavinglivedinthesametownor34sincethen,we’veheldeachotherinour35forthepastfourdecades.Evenwhenwe’reall36anddon’tmakecontactwitheachotherformonths,italwaysfeelsliketimehasn’tpassedsinceourlast37.Weunderstandandcareabouteachotherandthat’sallthat38

Mostdictionaries39afriendissomeoneyou“know,likeandtrust”.I’mgratefulthatmanyofmyfriendshipsgowell40that.

21．A．unknownB．unplannedC．unpleasantD．unfair

22．A．likedB．enviedC．metD．adored

23．A．refusedB．hesitatedC．preparedD．reported

24．A．kindnessB．praiseC．promiseD．courage

25．A．endB．tableC．principleD．start

26．A．promoteB．noticeC．visitD．attract

27．A．straightB．somehowC．evenD．together

28．A．frequentlyB．gratefullyC．secretlyD．nervously

29．A．taxisB．carsC．busesD．houses

30．A．storedB．clearedC．sharedD．obtained

31．A．flashingB．balancingC．mixingD．changing

32．A．leaderB．friendC．brotherD．colleague

33．A．hidesB．worksC．restsD．lives

34．A．factoryB．schoolC．cityD．country

35．A．housesB．mindsC．heartsD．burdens

36．A．busyB．patientC．regretfulD．tired

37．A．successB．talkC．practiceD．show

38．A．liesB．worksC．differsD．matters

39．A．requireB．stateC．containD．commit

40．A．beyondB．againstC．withinD．above

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

StudentsatLindaTuttHighSchoolcannowpickupnecessitieswithout41(leave)campus.AsCNNreports,theSanger,Texas,highschoolhassetupastudent-rungrocerystorethatacceptspointsaspayment42(ensure)allstudentscouldhavetheitemstheyneedfortheholidayseason.

Ofthe2,750studentsinthesmall-townschooldistrict,43percentarefromlow-incomehouseholdsand3.6percentareunhoused.LindaTuttHigh43(establish)thegrocerystoreearlierthisNovembertohelpthemout.

Everychildinthedistrictstartsoutwith44certainnumberofpointsbasedonhowmanypeopleareintheirfamily.Atthegrocerystore,pointscan45(exchange)forgoodslikemeat,toiletpaperandkitchenitems.Kidscangobeyondtheirinitialpointbydoinggooddeedsatschool,suchasteachingyoungerstudents,helpingoutinthelibraryandperformingwellinclass.Studentvolunteersareresponsible46stockingtheshelves,managingtheinventory,andhelpingtheirpeers(同辈)find47they'relookingfor.

Theschoolstoreisthe48(cooperate)betweenLindaTutt,RefugeMinistries,TexasHealthResources,andAlbertsonsgrocerystore.It'sopentostudentsandstaffMondaysthroughWednesdays.ForonehouronTuesdays,it'sopentoother49(member)ofthecommunity.

LindaTuttisn'ttheonlyhighschooltoprovideresourcestostudentsina50(create)way.AtWashingtonHighSchoolinNorthCarolina,studentscouldaccesstheiron-campusfoodroomsecretly.

五、短文改错

51．假定英语课_上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(N),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

WhenIlivedinSpain,someSpanishfriendsofmedecidedtovisitEnglandbycar.Beforetheyleft,theyaskedmeadviceabouthowtofindaccommodation(住所).Isuggestedthattheyshouldstayat“bedandbreakfast"houses,becausethiskindofaccommodationgiveaforeignvisitoragoodchancetospeakEnglishwiththefamily.Myfriendslistenedtomyadvice,buttheycamebackaswithsomefunnystories.“Wedidn'tstayat‘bedandbreakfast’houses,”theysaid,“becausewefoundthatmostfamiliesareawayonholiday.”Ithoughtthiswasstrange.FinallyIunderstoodwhichhadhappened.MyfriendsspokefewEnglish,andtheythought“VACANCIES”meant“holidays”,becausetheSpainwordfor“holidays”is“vacaciones”.Sowedidnotgotothehousewherethesignoutsidesaid“VACANCIES",whichinEnglishmeanstherearefreelyrooms.

六、开放性作文

52．假定你是学生会主席李华，你校将举办一场中外交流活动，征集以“我和春节”为主题的优秀摄影作品。请你用英语写一则通知，内容包括：

1.活动的目的；

2.活动的要求；

3.表达期待。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Notice

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TheStudents'Union

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参考答案：

1．D2．A3．C

【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍如何根据你的星座，决定去哪里度春假。

1．细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“Thepopulationissmall,butitgetsverycrowdedduringthesummermonths,sospringisyourbestopportunitytotakeitallin.（这里的人口不多，但在夏天的几个月里非常拥挤，所以春天是你去度假的最好机会。）”可知，春天适合去Elafonisos是因为那时游客较少，没那么拥挤。故选D。

2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Yes,TruthorConsequencesistherealnameofthisridiculouslyaffordablespatown.（是的，真相或后果是这个便宜得离谱的温泉镇的真名。）”可知，游客在Taurus能享受到“温泉”。故选A。

3．细节理解题。根据第四段的第一、二句“Gemini,whenitcomestoplanningatrip,youoftenhaveadifficulttimechoosingbetweenacityandsomewildlife.Well,ifyouheadtocapitalcityNairobi,Kenya,youwon'thavetodecide.（双子座，当谈到旅行计划时，你会觉得在城市和一些野生动物之间很难选择。如果你要去肯尼亚首都内罗毕，你就不用做决定了。）”可知，在Nairobi你无需在城市还是野生动植之间进行选择，因为那里这两者都有。故选C。

4．C5．A6．B7．D

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两年前去Serawai的朋友家，给留下深刻印象的是朋友的父亲。描述了朋友父亲过去教学的艰难经历。

4．推理判断题。文章第三段提到“AshementionedthatheusedtobeanEnglishteacher,wediscoveredwewereamatch!IamanEnglishteachermyself.（当他提到他曾经是一名英语老师时，我们发现我们是一对!我自己就是一名英语老师）”可知，Ngawan原先是一个英语老师，而也是一名英语老师。故选C。

5．推理判断题。文章第四段提到“hehadtogoallthewayromSerawaisub-districttoSintangRegencybymotorcycle,ridingabout170kmbymotorcycle.Thetripcantakesixhoursifthedayisbrightandsunny.However,itisnotuncommonforhimtospendthreetosevendaysforthejourneyiftherainingseasoncomes.（从Serawai街道到SintangRegency，他不得不骑摩托车，要骑大约170公里。如果天气晴朗的话，这趟旅程需要6个小时。然而，如果雨季来临，他通常要花上三到七天的时间）”可知，泥泞的道路是他不得不走这么长时间的原因，由此推知他的行程是艰难的。故选A。

6．细节理解题。文章第四段最后几句提到“Therefore,hehastostopatsomevillagesifhecan'tcontinuethetripandmeetupwithpeoplewithsomanydifferentlanguagesalongtheway.So,wheneverhestopsinaparticularvillage,helearnsadifferentlanguage.Forhim,learninglanguageshelpshimtoconnectwithpeople.（因此，如果他不能继续旅行，他就不得不在一些村庄停下来，沿途遇到拥有多种不同语言的人。所以，每当他停留在一个特定的村庄，他学会了一种不同的语言。对他来说，学习语言帮助他与人们建立联系）”可知，Ngawan在长途旅行中学会了一些语言。故选B。

7．推理判断题。文章最后一句“Whenpeoplestopspeakingthelanguages,theknowledgeandculturefromthatlanguagewillalsodisappear.（当人们不再说这种语言时，这种语言的知识和文化也将消失）”由此可知语言和文化是密切相关的。故选D。

8．B9．C10．D11．A

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了本田宗一郎创立本田公司直到公司发展壮大的艰辛历程。

8．细节理解题。分别根据文中第四段、第五段、第六段中“…butbuildingmaterialswereinshortsupply、…andsteelbecameunavailabletoo、…materialscouldnotbefoundandhewasunabletosupplythedemand(但建筑材料短缺、…钢材也无法供应、…材料找不到，他无法满足需求)”可知，本田宗一郎在事业发展中遇到的最大障碍就是“原料的缺少”。故选B。

9．细节理解题。根据第五段“HestartedcollectinggasolinecansdiscardedbyUSfighters—“GiftsfromPresidentTruman,”hecalledthem,whichbecamethenewrawmaterialsforhisrebuiltmanufacturingprocess.(他开始收集米国士兵丢弃的汽油罐——他称之为“杜鲁门总统的礼物”，这些罐后来成为他重建制造过程的新原材料。)”可知，本田宗一郎把米国的汽油桶称作“来自杜鲁门总统的礼物”。故选C。

10．推理判断题。从本田宗一郎的艰苦又波折的创业过程及最后一段的评价“Hondasucceededbecauseonemanmadeatrulycommitteddecision,acteduponit,andmadeadjustmentsonacontinuousbasis.(本田之所以成功，是因为一个人做出了一个真正坚定的决定，并采取了行动，并在持续的基础上做出了调整。)”可推知他是一个坚定的、执着的人。故选D。

11．推理判断题。本文介绍了本田宗一郎创立本田公司直到公司发展壮大的艰辛历程。他一路上遇到了多次失败，但都没有气馁，而是选择坚定信念，寻求积极的解决方法，最终走向成功。结合最后一段的评价“Hondasucceededbecauseonemanmadeatrulycommitteddecision,acteduponit,andmadeadjustmentsonacontinuousbasis.(本田之所以成功，是因为一个人做出了一个真正坚定的决定，并采取了行动，并在持续的基础上做出了调整。)”可知选项A.Successis99%failure.(成功是99%的失败。)最能反映本田宗一郎的故事给我们的启示。故选A。

12．A13．D14．C15．D

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了米国一项新的研究发现，下班后坐在电视机前看几小时电视可能比伏案工作一天更有害健康。

12．细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Workingatadeskalldaymaynotbeasbadforyourhealthassittinginfrontofatelevisionafterwork.ThatisafindingofanewstudydoneintheUnitedStates.”（整天坐在办公桌前工作对你的健康的危害可能没有下班后坐在电视机前那么严重。这是米国一项新研究的发现。）和第四段内容““Thisstudy,however,suggeststhatthismaynotbethecase,andthatweshouldfocusmoreonleisuretimesitting,mainlytelevisionviewingtime,ratherthansitting,ingeneral,”sheadded.”（她补充说：“然而，这项研究表明情况可能并非如此，我们应该更多地关注闲暇时间的坐着，主要是看电视的时间，而不是一般的坐着。”）可知，JeanetteGarcia的研究发现，同样都是坐着，但坐着看电视对你的健康的危害更大。由此可知，我们能从JeanetteGarcia的研究中知道，并非所有的坐姿都对健康同样有害，坐着看电视对健康的危害更大。故选A项。

13．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“Eatingtreatsorlackofsleepcouldbothcauseweightgainandincreaseriskfactorsforheartdisease.Thesefactorscouldmakepeoplemorelikelytodieearly,sheadded.”（吃零食或睡眠不足都可能导致体重增加，并增加导致心脏病的危险因素。她补充说，这些因素可能使人们更容易早死。）可知，林洋认为吃零食或睡眠不足都可能增加导致心脏病的危险因素，这些因素可能使人们更容易早死。由此可知，林洋同意吃零食和睡眠不足可能是早死的原因。故选D项。

14．推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Takethestairsratherthantheelevator,ortakeawalkatlunch,Mainousadvised.“Leisuretimephysicalactivityisdefinitelybeneficial,butwalkingonsomemorestepsintheworkdayshouldalsobeencouraged.””（你可以走楼梯，而不是坐电梯，或者午饭时散散步，Mainous建议说，“休闲时间的体育活动肯定是有益的，但也应该鼓励在工作日多走几步。”）可知，Mainous认为应该鼓励在工作日多走几步，比如走楼梯代替坐电梯，或者午饭时散散步。由此可知，正如ArchMainous所建议的，办公室职员应该在工作日多活动，而不是一直坐着。故选C项。

15．推理判断题。通读文章，结合第一段内容“Workingatadeskalldaymaynotbeasbadforyourhealthassittinginfrontofatelevisionafterwork.ThatisafindingofanewstudydoneintheUnitedStates.”（整天坐在办公桌前工作对你的健康的危害可能没有下班后坐在电视机前那么严重。这是米国一项新研究的发现。）可知，文章主要介绍的是米国一项新的研究发现，下班后坐在电视机前看几小时电视可能比伏案工作一天更有害健康，而研究发现的时效性较强，应该是出现在一本杂志上。故选D项。

16．E17．B18．G19．C20．F

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在拍照时习惯摆“剪刀手”的原因。

16．根据前文“V-signisacommonsightininformal,funphotosofpeople.It’sagesturethatsays“Ifeelhappy.Thingsareokay.Lifeisgood.””（在非正式的、有趣的人物照片中，“剪刀手”手势很常见。这是一种表示“我感到高兴。一切都很好。生活是美好的。”的手势。）可知，此处介绍了剪刀手手势的意义，同时结合第三段和第四段中介绍了“剪刀手”在东西方流行起来的原因，因此空处应承接前文，提到问题，为什么”剪刀手“会变得流行，选项E.“但你曾想过为什么摆“剪刀手”会如此流行吗？”承上启下，符合题意，故选E。

17．根据前文“InAsia,theV-signfirstbecamepopularinJapaninthe1970sandquicklyspreadtoChinaandSouthKorea.”（在亚洲，“剪刀手”手势最早于20世纪70年代在倭国流行起来，并迅速传播到中国和韩国。）提到了“剪刀手”的起源。下文“ThefirstconcernsaniceskaternamedJanetLynn.Lynncompetedatthe1972WinterOlympicsinJapanandwasahugehitwiththeJapaneseviewers.”（第一个是关于一个叫珍妮特·林恩的滑冰运动员。林恩参加了1972年在倭国举行的冬季奥运会，在倭国观众中引起了巨大的轰动。）及第四段中“ThesecondtheorywasputforwardbyJapaneseentertainmentshowDowntownDXwhichdiscoveredthatapopularactornamedJunInouestarredinaseriesofcommercialsforKonicacameras,alsoin1972.”（第二种理论是由倭国娱乐节目《DowntownDX》提出的，该节目发现，同样是在1972年，一位名叫井上俊的人气演员出演了柯尼卡相机的一系列广告。）讲述了“剪刀手”之所以变得流行的两个理论。所以，空处应引领下文，介绍“剪刀手”会流行有两个理论。选项B.“关于它如此的流行的原因，这里有两个理论。”与下文衔接紧密，符合题意，故选B。

18．根据前文“Shesufferedanembarrassingfallduringoneofherroutinesbutsheremainedsmilingthroughout.”（她在一次表演中尴尬地摔倒了，但她始终保持着微笑。）及后文“Offtherink（溜冰场）,LynnoftenflashedtheV-signtophotographers.It’sthoughtthatLynn’spopularityatthistimesparkedtheJapaneseloveoftheV-sign.”（在溜冰场外，林恩经常对摄影师做“剪刀手”手势。人们认为林恩在这个时候的受欢迎激发了倭国人对v字的喜爱。）提及了珍妮特·琳恩摆“剪刀手”是缓解自己表演中摔倒的尴尬，表现自己积极的心态，但这却激发了倭国人对该手势的追捧和喜爱。所以空处应承接前文，讲述林恩的“剪刀手”的手势表现的这种积极向上的精神赢得了人们的喜欢。选项G.“因此，她积极向上的精神使她在奥运热的国家里广受欢迎。承上启下，符合题意，故选G。

19．根据前文““ThesecondtheorywasputforwardbyJapaneseentertainmentshowDowntownDXwhichdiscoveredthatapopularactornamedJunInouestarredinaseriesofcommercialsforKonicacameras,alsoin1972.”（第二种理论是由倭国娱乐节目《DowntownDX》提出的，该节目发现，同样是在1972年，一位名叫井上俊的人气演员出演了柯尼卡相机的一系列广告。）后文“Indoingso,itisbelievedJunInouestartedthetrendofmakingtheV-signwhenposingforphotographsinJapan.”（由此，井上君开创了在倭国拍照时做“剪刀手”手势的潮流。）可知，演员井上君因为在广告中使用了“剪刀手”，开创了在倭国拍照时，人们做“剪刀手”手势的潮流。所以，空处应承接前文，讲述演员井上君在广告中使用了“剪刀手”在之后的拍照人们中产生了影响。选项C.“这些广告都以人们摆“剪刀手”为特色”，符合题意，故选C。

20．根据上文“Indoingso,itisbelievedJunInouestartedthetrendofmakingtheV-signwhenposingforphotographsinJapan.”（由此，井上君开创了在倭国拍照时做“剪刀手”手势的潮流。）下文“It’salldowntotheiceskaterwhofellonherbuttora1970scameracommercial.”（这一切都要归功于那个摔倒在地上的滑冰运动员，或者上世纪70年代的一个相机广告。）提到了“剪刀手”手势流行起来的原因。所以空处应承接前文，讲述这导致了“剪刀手”在倭国开始流行。选项F.“因此，正如你所知，这就是倭国怎样开始出现“剪刀手”的，与下文衔接紧密，符合题意，故选F。

21．B22．C23．D24．A25．D26．C27．D28．A29．B30．C31．A32．B33．D34．C35．C36．A37．B38．D39．B40．A

【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过回忆和他的朋友曾经的一些经历感悟到他很感激他的许多友谊都远不止字典中关于朋友的定义。

21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先，我很高兴与布莱恩进行了一次计划外的会面。A.unknown未知的；B.unplanned计划外的；C.unpleasant不愉快的；D.unfair不公平的。分析句意再根据上文pleased可知，这应该是一次“计划外的、偶然的”会面。故选B项。

22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是一家政府机构的首席执行官，也是我搬到梅迪辛哈特后遇到的第一批人之一。A.liked喜欢；B.envied嫉妒；C.met见面；D.adored热爱。分析句意再根据上文的meeting可知，此处指他是我“遇到的”第一批人之一。故选C项。

23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：16年前的那个早晨，我报到上班，他很快就开始把我介绍给其他员工。A.refused拒绝；B.hesitated犹豫；C.prepared准备；D.reported报到。分析句意再根据空格后的work可知，此处是指“报到”上班。故选D项。

24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很感激他的好意，我们开始了亲密的友谊，他让我在新的工作场所有了一个舒适的开始。A.kindness好意、善良；B.praise赞扬；C.promise承诺；D.courag