大学英语四级提纲式作文写作课件

提纲式命题作文提纲式命题作文1Directions:Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteacompositionentitledShouldpeopleowncarsornot?Yourcompositionshouldbebasedontheoutlinegivenbelow.Yourcompositionshouldbeatleast120words.

Outline:

1、有人赞成个人买车。

2、也有人持相反观点。

3、你的看法。

ShouldPeopleOwnCarsorNot?

Directions:Inthissection,y2ShouldPeopleownCarsornot?

Nowhavingacarismoreandmorepopular,somanyfamilyswanttobuyacar.Theythinkit’suseful.Someyoungsthinkit’scool,andmanypeoplethinkit’sconvenentwhentheyhaveaprivatecar.Theydon’tneedtowaitthecrowdedbus/sotheycangotoworkontime.It’ssavethetime.Andtheyalsocandrivethecargowherevertheywantto.Afamilycanhaveatraveltogethter.It’scomfortable.Inaword,theycanimprovethequalityoftheirlifewithacar.Especiallytheincreasingofprivatecarcanpromotetheeconomic.Itcanleadthedevelopmentofmanyindustries.It’sgoodforourcountry’sdeveloping.ShouldPeopleownCarsornot3作文评分原则及标准14分–漂漂亮亮：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，连贯性好，基本上语言无误。11分—清清楚楚：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。8分—马马虎虎：基本切题，有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中一些是严重错误。5分—糊里糊涂：基本切题，表达思想不清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语法错误。2分—一塌糊涂：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎，或大部分句子都有错误，且多数为严重错误。作文评分原则及标准14分–漂漂亮亮：切题，表达思想清楚，文4Praise,AnImportantGiftSomepeoplethinkthatcritismcanchangeone’sviewoflife.However,manypeoplearguethatpraiseismoreimportant.Inmyopinion,praiseismoreprofitablethancritism.Praiseislikefreshair,withoutit,ourlifewillbecomeuninterestingandinhappy.Givingpraisedoesnotcostthegiveralot,but,thereceivercanlearnmuch.Therearemanypeoplewhosucceedatlastwithapraise,Takemyselfforexample.Thoughithappenedalongtimeago,Irememberitclearly.ItwasasportsmeetingandIattendit.Atfirst,IwasveryconfidentandthoughtIwasthebestofthem,soIhadnotraining.Thetruthwas,duringtherace,manystudentsleftmebehind.ThenIwanttogiveupandwasfrustrated.Fortunately,myPEteachercameandpattedonmyback:”Aslongasyousticktocontinue,successwillbelongtoyou.Ibelieveyou,comeon!”Hesaidwithasmile.Youknow,Iimproveddramaticallyandwontheprize.So,praiseisanimportantgift.试评分！！！Prai5写作对策内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点作文结构层次是否清晰语言表达是否流畅，有无重大语病，有无逻辑错误是否能恰当的使用过渡性词语作文字数是否达到要求卷面是否整洁，书写是否漂亮写作对策内容是否紧扣主题，涵盖提示要点6写作体裁议论文说明文记叙文写作体裁议论文7议论文开头常用句式Recently,theproblemof…hasarousedpeople’sconcern.…hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourdailylife.Ithasbroughtalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.Nowadays,…hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.Itiscommonlybelievedthat…/Itisacommonbeliefthat…Manypeopleinsistthat…Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,moreandmorepeoplebelievethat…Alotofpeopleseemtothinkthat…议论文开头常用句式Recently,theproblem8议论文结尾常用句式Takingallthesefactorsintoconsideration,wefinallycometotheconclusionthat…Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemayreasonablycometotheconclusionthat…Hence/Therefore,we’dbetterarriveattheconclusionthat…Thereisnodoubtthat(job-hopping)hasitsdrawbacksaswellasmerits.Allinall,wecannotlivewithout…Butatthesametime,wemusttrytofindoutnewwaystocopewiththeproblemsthatwouldarise.议论文结尾常用句式Takingallthesefact9写作类型原因类（现象解释型）观点类对立观点（对比选择型）办法类（问题解决型）提问类（视情况而定）观点类事物性质利弊类批驳类观点论证类写作类型原因类（现象解释型）观点论证类10各种类型的写作方法

现象解释型：基本方法为：描述现象→分析原因→对现象做出预测或如何促进(限制)这种现象的进一步发展。

对比选择型：基本方法为：阐述一种观点或态度并表明这种观点或态度正确的理由;阐述第二种(相对或相反的)观点或态度并说明这种观点或态度正确的理由;表明个人支持或反对以上观点或态度，并说明原因。

问题解决型：基本方法为：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。

观点论证型：基本方法为：分析主题→得出结论→举例论证→得出结论(证明观点的正确性)。各种类型的写作方法11三段式作文的结构安排表明对立的双方观点表明个人态度及理由总结重申自己的立场，联系现实，展望未来。。号召行动。以事实论证，举例论证，因果论证，反面论证等方式进行论证总结重申自己的立场，联系现实，展望未来。。三段式作文的结构安排表明对立的双方观点表明个人态度及理由总结12表达个人观点Inmyopinion…Frommypointofview…AsfarasIamconcerned,…Asforme,…Icannotentirelyagreewiththeideathat…Personally,Iamstandingonthesideof…Finally,tospeakfrankly,thereisalsoamorepracticalreasonwhy…Isincerelybelievethat…表达个人观点Inmyopinion…13论证方法论点：…反面论证举例论证事实论证因果论证论证方法论证方法论点：…反面论证举例论证事实论证因果论证论证14大学英语四级写作举例论证：forexample,forinstance,toillustrate,asanillustrationIcanthinkofnobetterillustrationofthispointthan…..Itcanmanifestitselfbestin……Itisnotnecessarytocitealltheexamplesofthispoint,butsufficeittomention……Agoodcaseinpointis…….大学英语四级写作举例论证：15图画作文事实论证：Noonecandenythefactthat……Thereisnodenyingthefactthat…….Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat……Itisobvious/evidentthat……Itiscommonsayingthat……Asweallknow,….Asisshowninarecentsurvey,…..Accordingtoarecentsurvey,…..大学英语四级写作图画作文事实论证：大学英语四级写作16Thefollowingreasonsmayberesponsiblefor...Therearetwomainreasonsaccountingforthephenomenon.除了下面两个原因，没有更好的了。Icanthinkofnobetterreasonsforthephenomenonotherthanthefollowingtwo.Severalfactors,bothindividualandsocial,couldaccountforthenegativephenomenon.Obviously,avarietyofcomplicatedfactorscontributetothephenomenon,withthefollowingonebeingtheforemost.

很明显，有很多复杂的原因导致这个现象的发生，而下面的是最有代表性的。17图画作文原因论证常用过渡句大学英语四级写作17图画作文原因论证常用过渡句大学英语四级写作17Whydid…?Foronething…Foranother…Perhapstheprimaryreasonis…Iquiteagreewiththestatementthat…Thereasonsarechieflyasfollows.原因论证常用过渡句Whydid…?Foronething…Foran18Asaresult…Therefore,….….,whichhasbroughtabout…./whichwillcontributeto….19图画作文结果论证常用过渡句：大学英语四级写作19图画作文结果论证常用过渡句：大学英语四级写作19图画作文反面论证（1句）：要是没有……的话，我们就不会取得一个一个伟大的成就2.没能做到…...的人必将在处事中出于不利的位置大学英语四级写作图画作文反面论证（1句）：要是没有……的话，我们就不20原因类HarmfulnessofFakeCommodities1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fakecommodities)。为什么会有这种现象?

2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。

原因类HarmfulnessofFakeCommodi21

Nowadays

alotoffakecommoditiesfloodintothemarketanddogreatharmtotheconsumersandthewholesociety.

Whyaretheresomanyfakecommodities?Thefirstreason,inmymind,isthatsomepeopledreamofearningalargesumofmoneyeasilyandquickly.Furthermore,thegeneralsocialatmosphereissomewhatunhealthy---manypeopleattachgreatimportancetomoneyinsteadofhonesty.Lastbutnotleast,somegovernmentofficialsarenotdoingtheirjobs.HarmfulnessofFakeCommoditiesNowadaysalotoffake22

Theharmfulnessoffakecommoditieshasbecomemorethanobviousatthemoment.Firstofall,Theconsumersarethedirectvictims,theyspendmoneybuyingunqualifiedandevenuselessproducts.Inthesecondplace,theauthenticproducersalsosuffergreatloss.Thirdly,fakecommoditiesmayevenbedangeroussometimes,suchasfakefoodandmedicine,whichareathreattopeople'shealth.

Consequently,itishightimethatwemadegreateffortstoputanendtofakecommodities.

Theharmfulnessoffa23观点类对立观点

MyViewonOpportunity1有的人认为机会是极少的，另一些人则认为人人都会有某种机会。2我的看法…3结论观点类对立观点

MyViewonOpportunity24MyViewonOpportunity

Whenitcomestoopportunity,people’sopinionsdiffer.Somepeoplethinkthattherearefewopportunitiesintheworld,whileothersarguethateverybodywillhavesomekindofopportunityalonghisliferoute.MyViewonOpportunity

25

AsfarasIamconcerned,Iagreewiththelatteropinion.Foronething,Ifirmlybelieveopportunitiesareeverywherearoundus.Nopersonwillbeunluckyenoughtohavenoopportunitiesallthetime,because"everydoghashisday”.Foranother,sinceopportunitiesaretransient,wehavetomakegoodpreparationsandimproveourselves.JustthinkofNewton,who

discoveredtheLawofGravitationwhenmanypeoplehadwatchedanapplefallingaheadofthem.AsfarasIamconc26

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayreasonablydrawtheconclusionthattherearequiteafewopportunitiesaroundus.Onlyifwegetpreparedcanweseizetheopportunitiesinsteadoflettingthemslipby,justasanoldsayinggoes,"opportunitiesareonlyforthepreparedminds”.Fromwhathasbeend27办法类(个人问题)HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview1面试在求职过程中的作用2取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是……办法类(个人问题)HowtoSucceedinaJ28HowtoSucceedinaJobInterview

Ajobinterviewisvitaltothejob-huntingprocessinthatifyouaresuccessfulinit,youstandagoodchanceoffinalobtainingtheidealjob.Thenhowcanwesucceedinjobinterview?Inthefirstplace,youshoulddressandbehaveproperlyinordertoleaveagoodfirstimpressionontheinterviewer.Inthesecondplace,whenitcomestotalking,youshouldspeakofyourexpertiseandspecialabilitiesclearlyandhonestly.What’smore,self-confidenceisalsoanimportantfactor,tellingtheinterviewerthatyouwillfacethechallengewheneveryouencounterdifficulties.Youwillsucceedinajobinterviewaslongasyouputtheaboveprinciplesintopractice.Asaresult,youwillprobablyobtainthejobyouhavebeendreamingof.

HowtoSucceedinaJobInterv29提问类ShouldCollegeMarriagebepermitted?1关于是否允许大学生结婚的讨论在校园里兴起。2我对这一现象的看法。提问类ShouldCollegeMarriagebe30

Anationaldebatehassprunguponwhethercollegemarriageshouldbepermitted.

Manypeoplestronglyopposethepermissionofcollegemarriage.Theyholdthatthechieftaskforcollegestudentsistostudy,andmarriagewilldistracttheirattentionandoccupyalotoftime.Moreover,studentsarenoteconomicallyindependent,somarriagewillcausealotofproblemssuchasfuturejobhuntingandhousing.Inaword,theybelievemarriagewilllargelyhinderbothpresentstudyandfuturework.Frommyperspective,Ithinkcollegemarriageshouldbepermittedbutbepracticedwithextremecare.Foronething,therightofcollegestudentsshouldberespected,astheyareadults.Foranother,therestrictionontheageofstudentswasdoneawaywithin2001,andmanyelderstudentsattenduniversities.Lastbutnottheleast,thetimeincollegeissopreciousthateverystudentwillthinktwicebeforetheygetmarried.Undoubtedly,fewstudentswillevergetmarriedaftercollegemarriageispermitted,buttheauthorityshouldgrantthemtheright.

ShouldCollegeMarriagebepermitted?Anationaldebate31观点类事物性质

MyViewonDoubleBADegree1现在大学生读双学位的现象很常见2我对这一现象的看法观点类事物性质

MyViewonDoubleBAD32MyViewonDoubleBADegree

Recentlyithasbecomeacommonphenomenonforcollegestudentstohavetwomajorsatthesametime.Inthisway,theycangetdoubleBAdegreeswhentheygraduatefromtheuniversityseveralyearslater.

MyViewonDoubleBADegree

33

Althoughitmaybringunfavorableconsequences,wecanbesuretoconcludethatthispracticeisfavorableonthewhole.Tobeginwith,moststudentswillbecomemorehardworkingandefficientinordertofinishthelearningtaskssatisfactorily.

Moreover,withtwodegreesathandaftergraduation,theywillstandabetterchanceinthejobmarketfulloffiercecompetition.Inthethirdplace,asfortoday'suniversitystudents,tuitionandfeesarebecomingmoreandmoreexpensive.Iftheycanmakeachievementsinstudyatschoolandfindasatisfactoryjobafterwards,itwillnotbeabigproblem.Althoughitmaybri34

Weighingtheprosandconsofsuchanewtrend,wecannaturallyarriveattheconclusionthatitisbeneficialandrewarding.Thissystemnotonlycompelsstudentstoworkhard,butalsopreparesthemforthecomingcompetition.

Weighingtheprosan35认为，主张argue,maintain,hold,believe考虑take…intoconsideration,consider,thinkover,reflecton认为，思考，考虑think下结论，断定cometotheconclusion,arriveattheconclusion,conclude,decide,assert…断定judge获得acquire,obtain,attain,reap赢得，取得earn,gain得到get支持，赞成approveof,infavorof,standbyone’sside,agreewith,提倡advocate,recommend支持support认为，主张argue,maintain,hold,be36利弊子类TheGoldenWeek1黄金周给大学生带来的好处2黄金周给大学生带来的弊端3我应当怎样过好黄金周利弊子类TheGoldenWeek37TheGoldenWeek

Thegoldenweek—NationalDayholiday—hasbroughtalotofbenefitstocollegestudentseversincethebeginning.First,itgivesstudentstimetotakearestaftermonthsofhardwork.Second,theycanconductsocialactivitiestocombinebookknowledgewithpractice.Third,theycanalsousethispreciousweektomakeprogressinstudyorcarryoutspecializedresearch.TheGoldenWeek

Thegol38

Thoughitdoesgoodtocollegestudentsinmanyways,thegoldenweekcannevertobesaidtobringnoproblems.Foronething,manystudentseatandsleeptoomuchduringthevacation,whichareharmfultotheirhealth.Foranother,quiteafewstudentsspendtoomuchtimeplayingvideogamesorgoingsightseeing.Howcantheymakeprogressintheirstudyiftheydonotcherishtimeatall?Thoughitdoesgoodt39

Inordertomakegooduseofthegoldenweek,Iformthehabitofmakingaconcreteplanbeforeitcomes.Ontheonehand,Ialwayssetasideenoughtimeforreviewinglessonsandreadingrelevantliterature.Ontheotherhand,IusuallygotowatchamovieandlistentoaconcertattheGrandOpera.Bycarefullyplanningmytime,Iamconfidenttospendameaningfulgoldenweek.Inordertomakegoo40反对oppose,objectto抵制resist反对saynoto意义深远的far-reaching,profound,significant重要的important充分运用optimize,makebest/fulluseof,使用employ,utilize使用use好处，优点advantage,merit,benefit坏处，缺点disadvantage,defect,flaw,drawback,deficiency好处goodside重要的，有决定性的vital,crucial,critical,decisive应用apply坏处badside反对oppose,objectto抵制resist反对s41批驳类MyViewonTeenagers’StudyingAbroad1现在有很多青少年出国留学2有些人认为这种做法是有益的3我认为这种观点是不对的批驳类MyViewonTeenagers’Study42MyViewonTeenagers’StudyingAbroad

Recentlyitseemsthatamongthestudentswhochoosetostudyabroad,therearemoreandmoreteenagerswhostudyinhighschoolsorevenelementaryschools.Manypeople,especiallytheparents,thinkitwillcertainlydogoodtotheirchildrenbecausetheindependentlifewillmakethemlearnconfidenceandperseverance.Moreover,thequalityofoverseaseducationisoftenhigher,thusthechildstandsabetterchanceofenteringabetteruniversityandgettingabetterjobinthefuture.MyViewonTeenagers’Studying43

Aftercarefulconsideration,Ihavetosaytheaboveviewismorethanbiased.Ontheonehand,earlyindependentlifeisnotnecessarilygood,ifthechildcannotreceiveproperguidanceandtendercarefrombothteachersandparents.Ontheotherhand,theeducationalqualityisalsoaquestion–toomanyforeignschoolsaimatearningmoney.Whenthechildrencomeback,whocanguaranteethattheycanadapttothefiercecompetitionhere?Aftercarefulconsidera44

Wecanseeclearlythatalthoughteenagers’studyingabroadmaybringfavorableresults,therearestillalottoworryabout.Itseemsnecessaryforyoungstudentstomakeacarefulinvestigationbeforegoingabroad.Wecanseeclearlyth45把…看做，当做regardas,consideras,lookon…as,treat…as,view…as把…看做，当做see…as全面的，彻底的utter,thorough完全的complete起作用解释难以置信的，惊人的playarole,perform,function,serve,playapart解释explainaccountfor,illustrate,clarifyfantastic,incredible,unbelievable,exceptional,extraordinary,marvelous,amazing,astonishing起作用work惊人的，极好的great,surprising把…看做，当做regardas,consideras,46勤奋的，勤勉的diligent,industrious勤奋的hardworking认真的，谨慎的conscientious,cautious认真的careful,serious冷静的，清醒地sober,reasonable,sensible,rational聪明的bright,intelligent,wise,brilliant平静的calm适应beadaptedto,beaccustomedto,beadjustedto集中精力于focuson,centeron,concentrateon聪明的clever适应beusedto专心于setone’smindon注意Payone’sattentionto勤奋的，勤勉的diligent,industrious勤奋47常用句式和常用表达列举：foronething,foranother,finally,besides,moreover,one…another,stillanother,first,second,then,also,tobeginwith,firstofall,inthefirstplace,last,next,aboveall,lastbutnottheleast,firstandmostimportant…举例：forexample,forinstance,oneexampleis,besides,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,acaseinpoint,thatis,incidentally,asanillustration,suchas,infact,ingeneral,inparticular,toillustrate,namely…定义：referto,call,mean…常用句式和常用表达列举：foronething,for48比较a.相似的比较：likewise,incomparison,similarly,inthesamemanner…b.相反的比较：ontheotherhand,conversely,onthecontrary,whereas,,instead,incontrast,nevertheless,comparedwith…表示时间：later,next,then,finally,atlast,eventually,meanwhile,fromnowon,atthesametime,forthetimebeing,intheend,immediately,inthemeanwhile/meantime,recently,soon,nowandthen,during,nowadays,since,lately,assoonas,afterwards,temporarily,earlier,afterawhile,now…比较49表示方位和顺序：before,behind,below,beneath,between,here,there,where,beyond,nearby,under,above,over,ontheright(left),in(the)frontof,atthebackof,inthemiddleof,atthebottomof,oppositeto,nextto…表示概要和结论：inaword,inshort,inbrief,tosumup,onthewhole,byandlarge,allinall,sofar,therefore,thus,insummary,inconclusion,toconclude,tosummarize,toendwith…表示方位和顺序：before,behind,below,50列出解决办法的常用句式Herearesomesuggestionsforhandlingthat…Thebestwaytosolvethetroubleis…Peoplehavefiguredoutmanywaystosolvethisproblem.列出解决办法的常用句式Herearesomesugge51提出建议的常用句式Itishightimethatweputanendtothe(trend).Itistimetotaketheadviceof…andtoputspecialemphasisontheimprovementof…Thereisnodoubtthatenoughconcernmustbepaidtotheproblemof…Obviously,ifwewanttodosth,itisessentialthat…Onlyinthiswaycanwe…Itmustberealizedthat…提出建议的常用句式Itishightimethat52用于驳斥的语句1.Althoughalotofpeoplebelievethat...,Iamdoubtfulwhethertheargumentbears…2.Asopposedtowidelyheldideas,Iholdthat...3.Althoughthepopularisthat...,(a)currentindicatesthat...4.Theymayberightabout...,buttheyseemtoignorethefactthat...5.Althoughitiswidelyacceptedthat...,itisunlikelytobetruethat...6.Itistruethat...,butthat...7.Thereis/arereason(s)forustobelievethat...8.Whatthesepeoplefailtoseeisthat...9.Itisonethingtobelievethat...,butitisquiteanothertosaythat...用于驳斥的语句1.Althoughalotofpe53批驳错误观点和做法常用句式Asfarassthisconcerned,…Itwasobviousthat…Itmaybetruethat…,butitdoesn’tmeanthat…Itisnaturaltobelievethat…,butweshouldn’tignorethat…Thereisnoevidencetosuggestthat…批驳错误观点和做法常用句式Asfarassthis54如何写好英语说明文？审题（what,towhom,how,etc.）开好头写好主题句注意行文的统一性和连贯性注意说明方法的选择（eg.:举例法、过程分析法、分类法、因果分析法、比较法、细节法，etc.）注意说明顺序（eg.:空间顺序、时间顺序、逻辑顺序、认识顺序，etc.）结尾（重述主题而非重复主题；简短自然，避免介入新的话题）如何写好英语说明文？审题（what,towhom,55FastFoodRestaurant1.快餐馆简介2.去快餐馆的好处3.快餐馆的发展趋势FastFoodRestaurant1.快餐馆简介56FastFoodRestaurant

Ifyouaretoobusyortootiredtocook,pleasegotothefastfoodrestaurantwherevariouskindsofready-madefoodareserved.Someservefishorchicken,someservesandwichesorsalad,andsomealsoservedrinks,coffee,andsoon.FastFoodRestaurantIfyou57Fastfoodrestaurantsareveryconvenient.Youjustgothere,orderyourfood,waitonlyforafewminutes,thenwhenthefoodisready,youcarryittoyourtableyourselves.youcaneithereatitintherestaurantortakethefoodoutinaplasticcontainerandeatitathome,inyouroffice,inapark,oranywhereyoulike.

Nowadays,fastfoodrestaurantsaregettingmoreandmorepopularinChinabecauseoftheirconvenienceandlowprice.Theysavepeople’stimeandenergyaswell.Thisisveryimportantformanypeople,especiallythosewhoaretoobusyortootiredtocook.Fastfoodrestaurantsarev58题型概述记叙文的写作要注意交代清楚六大要素，即时间(time)、地点(place)、人物(character)、事件的原因(cause)、经过(process)和结果(effect)。记叙文的结构安排通常有三种形式：正叙、倒叙和插叙。正叙是英语叙述文中最常用的一种结构，插叙很少用到。尽量多使用表示转折、顺接、因果和时间的连接词eg.:foronething…foranother、ontheonehand…ontheother(hand),etc.要多用四级词汇如有可能，引用一两句名言或是谚语题型概述记叙文的写作要注意交代清楚六大要素，即时间(time59常用句式及表达表示时间：afterashort(long)time(period),afterwards,assoonas,fromthattimeon,