初中名词知识点课件

初中名词知识点初中名词知识点名词分类名词分类可数名词和不可数名词英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式。可数名词的单数变为复数的规则为：1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。如：book－books；pen－pens；eraser－erasers2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。如：bus－buses；box－boxes；watch－watches3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。如：baby－babies；country－countries；city－cities可数名词和不可数名词英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。如：boy－boys；toy－toys4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。如：wife－wives；leaf－leaves；knife－knives5）以字母o结尾的可数名词，其复数形式一般加-s，或－es。如：photo－photos，radio－radios，piano－pianos，tomato－tomatoes，potato－potatoes注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。6）一些特殊变化的复数形式。如：man/woman－men/women；child－children；foot－feet；tooth－teeth；mouse－mice7）有些名词的单复数形式相同：如：sheep，deer，Chinese，Japanese，yuan（元），jin（斤）6）一些特殊变化的复数形式。注意：有些集体名词本身既表示单数意义又表示复数意义。当这些名词指代一个单位、机构或被看成一个整体时，作单数形式理解；如果表示这个群体的所有成员，通常被看作复数。常用的这类词有：class班级；team队（员）；family家庭/人；government政府；group组（员）注意：例句Thefamilyisnotlarge.这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体）Thefamilyareallmusiclovers.这一家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭中的成员）Almostallfamiliesinthisvillagehavetakenpartintheprogram.（指多个家庭）在这个村庄几乎所有家庭都参加了这个节目。例句练习写出下列词的复数1.book______2.bus______3.orange_______4.baby______5.boy______6.my________7.his_______8.knife______9.watch________10.sheep______11.tooth_____12.leaf____13.German__________14.Chinese_________练习写出下列词的复数适当形式填空1.Therearetwo__________overthere.(watch)2.Iliketaking__________.(photo)3.lcanseea__________andtwo__________standingthere.(man,woman)4.Therearetwobasketsof__________onthefloor.(apple)5.Lookatthose__________.(child)适当形式填空6.Hedoesn'tlikethese__________.(glass)7.Howmany__________canyousee?(radio)8.Therearemoreandmore__________driversinShanghainow.(woman)9.Givemesome__________,please.(water)6.Hedoesn'tlikethese_______单选题1.Thereisgood_________foryou.I'vefoundyourlostwatch.A.newsB.ideasC.messages D.thoughts2.Myunclewillcometomyhousefordinner．Iwanttobuysome___tomakeavegetablesaladforhim．A．meat B．tomatoes C．applejuice3.Theteachersaidweneededtochoosethree

fortheschoolconcert.

A.farmers

B.doctors

C.drivers

D.singers4.Atnightthekoalabeargetsupandeats___________．A．1eaf B．1eaves C．leafs单选题1.Thereisgood_________fo5.ThePLAmansavedthree____livesintheaccident．A．children’s B．children C．childD．childs'6.Comeon，children．Helpyourselvestosome_________ifyoulike．A．fishandchicken B．fishesandchicken C．fishandchickensD．fishesandchickens7.Allthe____teachersenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th，becauseitwastheirownholiday．A．man B．men C．womanD．women5.ThePLAmansavedthree____不可数名词“量”的表示方法1）用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等表示多少。如：Therichmanhasalotofmoney．那个富人有很多钱。Thereissomemilkinthebottle．瓶子里有一些牛奶。Isthereanywaterintheglass？杯子里有一些水吗？Idon'tlikewinterbecausethere'stoomuchsnowandice．我不喜欢冬天，因为有太多的冰和雪。不可数名词“量”的表示方法1）用much,alittle2）用apieceof这类定语修饰不可数数名词.。apieceofpaper;apieceofwood;apieceofbreadabottleoforange;aglassofwater（milk）;acupoftea如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类概念时，在容器后加复数。twocupsoftea;fourpiecesofpaper;threeglassesofwater;threebagsofrice2）用apieceof这类定语修饰不可数数名词.。练习1.MrSmithalwayshas_________totellus．A．somegoodpiecesofnews B．somepiecesofgoodnewsC．somegoodpieceofnewes D．somepieceofgoodnewes2.——Wouldyouliketohavealookatsomepants?Theymayfityouwell．一Well，I'dliketotrythoseblue__________.A．pairs B．one C．pantD．pair3.―Wouldyoulikesomedrinks,boys?―Yes,

_____,please.A.someoranges

B.twoboxesofchocolates

C.somecakes

D.twobottlesoforange4._______excitingnews!Wewillhave____

longholidayaftertheexam.

A.Whatan,a

B.What,a

C.Howan,the

D.How,the

练习1.MrSmithalwayshas______名词所有格名词所有格是中考的重点。名词所有格表示人或者事物的所有及所属关系，在句子中作定语。1）表示人或者有生命的名词的所有格的形式，单数名词的后面加“-’s”。如：Thisismyfather’scar.这是我父亲的汽车。2）表示集体、时间、距离、世界、国家等名词的所有格也可以用“-’s”形式。如：Isthereanythingstrangeintoday’snewspaper?今天报纸上有什么特别的消息吗？3）表示无生命的名词所有格要用of＋名词的形式，有时也用于有生命的名词。如：LookatthemapofChina,please.请看这张中国地图。Iknowthegirl’sname/thenameofthegirl.我知道这个女孩的名字。名词所有格名词所有格是中考的重点。名词所有格表示人或者事物的练习1._________fathersarebothscientists．A．Jim'sandBob B．Jim'sandBob'sC．JimandBob'sD．JimandBob2._____roomisbigandbright．Theylikeitverymuch．A．TomandSamB．Tom'sfindSam C．TomandSam'sD．Tom'sandSam's3.―How’sJoy’sskirt?

―Herskirtismorebeautifulthan______

A.hersister’sandKate

B.hersisterandKate

C.hersisterandKate’s

D.hersister’sandKate’s1.以-s结尾的单数名词加“’”或“’s”构成所有格；以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加“’”；不规则复数名词在词尾加“’s”；两者或两者以上共同所有，把“’s”加在最后的名词上；表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词都要用所有格形式。练习1._________fathersareboth2.表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词，也可以加“'s”来构成所有格。如：today'snewspaper．tenminutes，walk，China'sindustry1.—Excuseme,isthesupermarketfarfromhere?—No,it’sabout_______.A.7minuteswalk

B.7minutewalk C.7minutes’walk

D.7minute’swalk2.——Comeandseemein．——Withpleasure．That’swhatI'mexpecting．A．twoorthreedays' B．twoorthreeday'stime C．twoorthreedays'time3.I'mgoingonholidayonthe12th．Ihavetobebackatworkonthe26th.SoI'vegottwo_______holiday．A．weeks B．week's C．weeks' D．week2.表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命东西的名词课后练习()1.These______havesavedmanychildren’slives.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctor()2.Therearemanyonthemountain.A.appletreeB.applestreesC.applestreeD.appletrees()3.Thisis_______bedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.AnneandJaneB.Anne’sandJane’sC.Anne’sandJaneD.AnneandJane’s()4.---Arethereany_______onthefarm?---Yes,therearesome.A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep()5.---Whatwouldyouliketodrink,_______ororange?---Orange,please.A.hamburgerB.chipC.teaD.cakesCDDCD课后练习()1.These______hav()6.---Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?---Certainly.A.somebottlesofwaters

B.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwater

D.somebottleofwaters()7.Mikehurtoneofhis______intheaccidentyesterday.A.tooth

B.feet

C.hand

D.ear()8.Thereissome_______ontheplate.A.cakes

B.meat

C.potato

D.pears()9.Therearemany_______inthecity.A.Germen

B.Germany

C.Germanys

D.Germans()10.The______hastwo_______.A.boys;watches

B.boy;watch

C.boy